CCNA Day 36

Layer 2 Discovery Protocols (CDP & LLDP)

 Things we’ll cover
●
Intro to Layer 2 discovery protocols

●
Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)

●
Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)
 Layer 2 Discovery Protocols
●
Layer 2 discovery protocols such as CDP and LLDP share information with and discover
information about neighboring (connected) devices.
●
The shared information includes host name, IP address, device type, etc.
●
CDP is a Cisco proprietary protocol.
●
LLDP is an industry standard protocol (IEEE 802.1AB).
●
Because they share information about the devices in the network, they can be considered a
security risk and are often not used. It is up to the network engineer/admin to decide if they
want to use them in the network or not. Hi, I’m R1. I’m a router.
You’re connected to my G0/1 interface.
My IP address on this interface is 10.0.0.1.
...

R1 SW1

Hi, I’m SW1. I’m a switch.

You’re connected to my G0/0 interface.
...
 Cisco Discovery Protocol
●
CDP is a Cisco proprietary protocol.
●
It is enabled on Cisco devices (routers, switches, firewalls, IP phones, etc) by default.

● CDP messages are periodically sent to multicast MAC address 0100.0CCC.CCCC.

●
When a device receives a CDP message, it processes and discards the message. It does
NOT forward it to other devices.
●
By default, CDP messages are sent once every 60 seconds.
●
By default, the CDP holdtime is 180 seconds. If a message isn’t received from a neighbor for
180 seconds, the neighbor is removed from the CDP neighbor table.
●
CDPv2 messages are sent by default.
Cisco Discovery Protocol

R1 R2
10.0.0.0/30
.1 .2
G0/1 G0/0
G0/0 .254 G0/1 .254
G0/0 192.168.1.0/24 G0/0 192.168.2.0/24

SW1 SW2
Cisco Discovery Protocol

R1 R2
10.0.0.0/30
.1 .2
G0/1 G0/0
G0/0 .254 G0/1 .254
G0/0 192.168.1.0/24 G0/0 192.168.2.0/24

SW1 SW2
Cisco Discovery Protocol

R1 R2
10.0.0.0/30
.1 .2
G0/1 G0/0
G0/0 .254 G0/1 .254
G0/0 192.168.1.0/24 G0/0 192.168.2.0/24

SW1 SW2
Cisco Discovery Protocol
Cisco Discovery Protocol

R1 R2
10.0.0.0/30
.1 .2
G0/1 G0/0
G0/0 .254 G0/1 .254
G0/0 192.168.1.0/24 G0/0 192.168.2.0/24

SW1 SW2
 CDP show commands summary
● R1# show cdp
→shows basic information about CDP (timers, version)
● R1# show cdp traffic
→displays how many CDP messages have been sent and received
● R1# show cdp interface
→displays which interfaces CDP is enabled on
● R1# show cdp neighbors
→lists CDP neighbors and some basic information about each neighbor
● R1# show cdp neighbors detail
→lists each CDP neighbor with more detailed information
● R1# show cdp entry name
→displays the same info as above, but for the specified neighbor only
 CDP Configuration Commands
●
CDP is globally enabled by default.
●
CDP is also enabled on each interface by default.
●
To enable/disable CDP globally: R1(config)# [no] cdp run

●
To enable/disable CDP on specific interfaces: R1(config-if)# [no] cdp enable

●
Configure the CDP timer: R1(config)# cdp timer seconds

●
Configure the CDP holdtime: R1(config)# cdp holdtime seconds

●
Enable/disable CDPv2: R1(config)# [no] cdp advertise-v2
 Link Layer Discovery Protocol
●
LLDP is an industry standard protocol (IEEE 802.1AB).
●
It is usually disabled on Cisco devices by default, so it must be manually enabled.
●
A device can run CDP and LLDP at the same time.

● LLDP messages are periodically sent to multicast MAC address 0180.C200.000E.

●
When a device receives an LLDP message, it processes and discards the message. It does
NOT forward it to other devices.
●
By default, LLDP messages are sent once every 30 seconds.
●
By default, the LLDP holdtime is 120 seconds.
●
LLDP has an additional timer called the ‘reinitialization delay’. If LLDP is enabled (globally or
on an interface), this timer will delay the actual initialization of LLDP. 2 seconds by default.
 LLDP Configuration Commands
●
LLDP is usually globally disabled by default.
●
LLDP is also disabled on each interface by default.
●
To enable LLDP globally: R1(config)# lldp run

●
To enable LLDP on specific interfaces (tx): R1(config-if)# lldp transmit

●
To enable LLDP on specific a interface (rx): R1(config-if)# lldp receive

●
Configure the LLDP timer: R1(config)# lldp timer seconds

●
Configure the LLDP holdtime: R1(config)# lldp holdtime seconds

●
Configure the LLDP reinit timer: R1(config)# lldp reinit seconds
Link Layer Discovery Protocol

R1 R2
10.0.0.0/30
.1 .2
G0/1 G0/0
G0/0 .254 G0/1 .254
G0/0 192.168.1.0/24 G0/0 192.168.2.0/24

SW1 SW2
Link Layer Discovery Protocol

R1 R2
10.0.0.0/30
.1 .2
G0/1 G0/0
G0/0 .254 G0/1 .254
G0/0 192.168.1.0/24 G0/0 192.168.2.0/24

SW1 SW2
Link Layer Discovery Protocol
Link Layer Discovery Protocol

R1 R2
10.0.0.0/30
.1 .2
G0/1 G0/0
G0/0 .254 G0/1 .254
G0/0 192.168.1.0/24 G0/0 192.168.2.0/24

SW1 SW2
 LLDP show commands summary
● R1# show lldp
→shows basic information about LLDP (timers, version)
● R1# show lldp traffic
→displays how many LLDP messages have been sent and received
● R1# show lldp interface
→displays which interfaces LLDP tx/rx is enabled on
● R1# show lldp neighbors
→lists LLDP neighbors and some basic information about each neighbor
● R1# show lldp neighbors detail
→lists each LLDP neighbor with more detailed information
● R1# show lldp entry name
→displays the same info as above, but for the specified neighbor only
Wireshark Captures
Wireshark Captures
 Things we’ll cover
●
Intro to Layer 2 discovery protocols

●
Cisco Discovery Protocol (CDP)

●
Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)
 Quiz 1
Which of the following commands show the configured CDP timers? (select two)

a) R1#show cdp

b) R1#show cdp traffic

c) R1#show cdp interface

d) R1#show cdp neighbors

 Quiz 2
Which of the following commands represent the default CDP state? (select two)

a) R1(config)#no cdp run

b) R1(config)#cdp holdtime 120

c) R1(config-if)#cdp enable

d) R1(config)#cdp timer 60
 Quiz 3
You issue the show lldp entry SW1 command on R1. R1’s neighbor SW1 is a multilayer
switch. What do you expect to see in the ‘system capabilities’ field of the output?

a) System Capabilities: B

b) System Capabilities: B,R

c) System Capabilities: S

d) System Capabilities: S,R

 Quiz 4
Which of the following statements about LLDP are true? (select two)

a) LLDP only operates on Cisco devices.

b) Interface Tx and Rx operations are enabled separately.

c) LLDP messages are sent every 60 seconds by default.

d) LLDP can be used to learn the OSPF settings of a neighboring device.

e) LLDP can be used to learn the VTP settings of a neighboring device.

f) LLDP can be used to learn the OS version of a neighboring device.

 Quiz 5
Which interface on R2 is SW2 connected to?

a) G0/0

b) G0/1

c) G0/2

d) G0/3
 Supplementary Materials

●
Review flash cards
(link in the description)

●
Packet Tracer lab
 JCNP-Level Channel Members

*as of December 13th, 2020