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Gandhi - Views of Gandhi On Medium of Instruction

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, known as 'Bapu' or 'Mahatma', was a prominent socio-political reformer and the Father of the Nation in India, advocating for peace and non-violence. His educational philosophy emphasized self-realization, character building, and the importance of craft-centered, mother tongue instruction, aiming for a holistic development of individuals. Gandhi's concept of Basic Education aimed to reconstruct India's education system, focusing on the cultural, social, and economic needs of the community while promoting self-sufficiency and citizenship ideals.

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397 views4 pages

Gandhi - Views of Gandhi On Medium of Instruction

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, known as 'Bapu' or 'Mahatma', was a prominent socio-political reformer and the Father of the Nation in India, advocating for peace and non-violence. His educational philosophy emphasized self-realization, character building, and the importance of craft-centered, mother tongue instruction, aiming for a holistic development of individuals. Gandhi's concept of Basic Education aimed to reconstruct India's education system, focusing on the cultural, social, and economic needs of the community while promoting self-sufficiency and citizenship ideals.

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prabhajeswin
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi

Early life Born on 2nd october 1869 in Porbandar, Gujrat.


A great socio-political reformer.Apostle of peace and non- violence.Champion of the
freedom movementOrganized Satyagraha and various other moments from 1919 to
1947.Died on 30th january 1948.

Brief life sketch

Mahandas Karam Chand Gandhi, popularly known as ‘Bapu’ or ;Mahatma’

 Father of the Nation


 A great educator
 A nation builder
 A political leader
 A social worker
 A writer

Aims of Education as Highlighted in Gandhian Philosophy:

Being an idealist and a realist, Gangdiji advocated for ultimate aim and immediate aims
of education. Self-realisation, spiritualism and oneness with god is the ultimate aim of
education. He laid great stress on religious education.

In the immediate aim of education Gandhiji included the utilitarian aim, cultural aim, and
harmonious development of personality, preparation for complete living, character
building and training of good citizenship

. The chief tenets of Gandhiji’s educational philosophy may be mentioned as:

 Free and compulsory primary education.

 Education should be craft centred.

 Education should be self-supporting and self-sufficient.

 Education should be given in mother tongue.

Philosophy of life

 Human unity
 Truth
 Non violence
 Love
 Brotherhood of man
 Sathyagraha
 Spiritual nature of individual

Gandhi’ s meaning of education


By education he meabt “ all round drawing out of the best in the child and man,
body , mind and spirit.“literacy in itself is not education”.
The function of education is to bring about a harmonious development of all the four
aspects of the human personality, viz, body, heart , mind and spirit

Aims of education Self supporting aim Cultural development


Character buildingAll around developmentCultivation of higher values of lifeSocial
uplift and welfare.

Methods of Teaching

 Education through craft


 Medium of Instruction : Mother Tongue
 Emphasis on Activity method
 Learning by doing
 Lecture method
 Questioning or Discussion method

Concept of Basic Education:

Basic Education (Buniyadi Shiksha) is the scheme of education propounded by Mahatma


Gandhi, aiming at the reconstruction of the existing system of education in India. This
scheme of education is also known as “Nai Talim” or “Wardha Scheme of Education”.
Practically, Basic Education is a philosophy of education, as advocated by Mahatma
Gandhi, based on the cultural, social, spiritual and economic needs of the people of the
country. Gandhiji defined it as “education for life and through life.” Basic Education is
the foundational education, fundamental to the whole scheme of education

Gandhiji’s Basic Education was really a “basic concept of education” because:

(1) It attempts to provide the minimum of learning to be acquired by an average child.

(2) It is directly linked with the basic urges of human life.

(3) It is mainly correlated with the basic needs of the child.

(4) It makes use of the native potentialities of the child.

(5) It is closely related to the basic occupations of the community

Further, the essential features of Basic Education Scheme of Mahatma Gandhi may be
mentioned as:

Basic education scheme


Free and compulsory education for all from 7-14 years.Craft as the centre of
education.Self-supporting education.Mother tongue as the mediumIdeals of
citizenshipCo-operative livingEmphasis on non-violenceNo religious education.

Methods of Teaching

 Activity method
 Learning by doing
 Method of correlation
 Play and creative work
 Utilisation of instincts
 Life centred education
 Love and sympathy

What he thought about western education


He said that it focused on reading and writing than oral language; valued text books
than lived experience and practical knowledge.He argued that education ought to
develop a person’s mind and soul.He said literature can not be counted as
education.People had to learn a craft, work with hands and know how different
things are operated. This would develop their mind and capacity to understand.

Medium of instruction

“According to gandhiji , the foreign medium has caused brain fag, put an undue
strain upon nerves of our children, made them crammers and imitators, unfitted
them for original work and thought and disabled them for filtrating their learning to
the family or masses.The foreign medium has made our children practically
foreigners in their own land.It is the greatest tragedy of existing system.The foreign
medium has prevented tge growth of our vernaculars.If i had powers of a despot, I
would today stop the tuition of our boys and girls through a foreign
medium”.Gandhiji firmly believed that vernaculars or native languages of india
should be the medium of instruction.

Only mother tongue facilitates natural expression. Forcing a foreign language leads
to waste of time and energy and is un psychological.

Curriculum

 Basic craft in accordance with local conditions


 Mother Tongue, arithmetic, social studies, general science including nature
study, botany, zoology, art work, hygiene, chemistry , music, and domestic
science for girls
 Curriculum of education should be related to the environment of the child. Our
emphasis should be up on our own country, our people, our life and our physical and
social environment.
  Emphasis should be given on teaching of mother tongue.
  Craft should be introduced as an essential part of curriculum. The whole process of
education should be imparted through some handicrafts. The purpose of introducing
craft was not to produce some craftsman but to exploit its educative value.
Concept of discipline

Real freedom comes through self discipline

Role of a Teacher

 The teacher is an example by his or her attitudes and values


 The teacher should help the pupil to distinguish between truth and false ,
good and bad
 The teacher should provide a free & fearless learning environment.

Text Book

 Do not load the child with books. The teacher is the real text book.
Textbook should be suitable for Indian context . For primary oral education
is enough as the child learns more by observation.
Philosophy behind the Gandhian Concept of Education: Gandhiji developed his scheme or
planning of education in the light of his philosophy of life. His scheme of education is based
on some fundamental ideas. These ideas are:

(1) Ideal of classless society.

(2) Freedom and equality for all.

(3) Dignity of labour.

(4) Non-violent social order.

(5) Development of sense of social responsibility.

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