Sequence and Series

30
1 7
31– 1 30 A7 m 1 = 5
(D) d= = ; 
m 1 m  1 A m 1 30 9
1  (m  1)
m 1
m  211 5
   
31 m  29 9

 146 m = 2044  m =14

m
 =2
7

EXERCISE # 2
PART - I
x1 x2 x3 x 2013 1
1.   = ...... = =
x1  1 x 2  3 x3  5 x 2013  4025 
1 3 5 4025
 x1 = ,x = ,x = , ........, x2013 =
 1 2  1 3  1  1
2
 x1, x2, x3, ........, x2013 are in A.P. with common difference = =d
 1
2
x1, x2, x3, ........, x2013 = =d
 1
2. 2b = a + c and b2 = ac
case-
3 1
if b2 = ac and a+c+b=   b=
2 2
1 1
a+c=1  ac =  (1 – c) c =
4 4
1 1 1
c2 – c + = 0  c=  a=
4 2 2
a = b = c so not valid
case-
1 1
 b2 = – ac and b = ; a+c=1  ac = –
2 4
1 1
(1 – c) c = –  c2 – c – =0
4 4
1 1 1 1 2
 c= =
2 2
1 2 1– 2
c=  a=
2 2

3. S1 + S2 + S3 + ....... + Sp
n n
 S1 = [2.1 + (n – 1) 1] S2 = [2.2 + (n – 1) 3]
2 2
n
S3 = [2.3 + (n – 1) 5]
2

  
n
Sp = [2.p + (n – 1) (2p – 1)]
2

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 Sequence and Series
n
So S1 + S2 + ..... + Sp = [2(1 + 2 + ..... p) + (n – 1) (1 + 3 + 5 + ..... (2p – 1))]
2
n  p (p  1)  n p
=  2 .  (n  1) p2  = (n p + 1) Ans.
2  2  2

ar p 1(r n  1) ar q1(r n  1)
4. =k . ; rp–1 = k. rq–1 ; k = rp–q
r 1 r 1

5. 452 = 2025 & 462 = 2116

 there are 45 squares  2056
which are left only from sequence of possible integers since 2056 = 2011 + 45
 2011th term = 2056 
1 1 1
6. x= ,y= ,z= a, b, c are in A.P.
1 a 1 b 1 c
1 1 1
 1 – a, 1 – b, 1 – c are also in A.P.  , , are in H.P.
1 a 1 b 1 c
n n n
a ai 1
7. f(k)  a
r 1
r – ak  = a – a
r 1
r
r 1
k f(k) =  – nak f(i) =  – nai i 
f(i)  – nai
=

<ai> in A.P.
–n
ai
1  1 a
   in A.P.   – n  in A.P.    in H.P.   i  in A.P.
ai ai  f(i)
–n
ai
a1  a2  a3  ......2an
8. a1 · a2 · a3 · .......an = c   (a1a2a3 ... 2an)1/n  (2c)1/n 
n
  a1 + a2 + a3 + ........2an  n(2 c)1/n

n(n  1)2
9. 12 + 2.22 + 32 + 2.42 + 52 + 2.62 + ......n terms = , when n is even
2
(n  1)2
12 + 2. 22 + 32 +.....2. n2= n when n is odd n + 1 is even
2
(n  2)2
12 + 2. 22 + 32 +..... n2 + 2. (n + 1)2 = (n + 1)
2
 (n  2)2
 (n  1) n2
12 + 2. 22 + 32 +..... n2 = (n + 1)  – 2(n  1) =
 2  2
10. Sn – Sn–2 = 2  Tn + Tn–1 = 2
 1  2 2n2 2(m  1)2
Also Tn – Tn–1 = 2; Tn + Tn–1 =  2  1 Tn–1 = 2 Tn–1 =  So T =
1  (m  1)2
1 2 1 n
m
n 
2
1
n
11. If 12 + 22 + 32 + ......... + 20032 = (2003) (4007) (334)
(1) (2003) + (2) (2002) + (3) (2001) + ......... + (2003) (1) = (2003) (334) (x)
2003 2003 2003
 r
r 1
(2003  r  1) = (2003) (334) (x)  2004. 
r 1
r – 
r 1
r 2 = (2003) (334) (x)

 2003 . 2004 
 2004   . – 2003. (4007). 334 = (2003) (334) (x)
 2 
 x = 2005 Ans.
n n 1 n n  1n  2 
12. 
r 1
tr = Sn  
r 1
tr = Sn – 1 tn = Sn – Sn – 1 =
2
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 Sequence and Series
n n
   1
  r r  1r  2
1 2 1 1 1
tr
= =   n n  1  n  1n  2  = –  n  1n  2  2 
r 1 r 1    
1 1 1  2
13.  = + 2 + 2 +......  =
12 2 3 6
1 1 1
Let + 2 + 2 + ......... = A
12 3 5
1 1 1  1 1 1 1 
 =  2  2  2  ......  + 2  2  2  2  ...... 
 1 3 5  2  1 2 3 
 3 3 2 2
 = A+ A = = ×  A =
4 4 4 6 8

14. = (–12 + 22 + 32 + 42 – 52 + 62 + 72 + 82 …..) + (12 + 22 – 32 – 42 + 52 + 62 – 72 – 82…..) – 4(62 + 142 + …)

= 2[22 – 62 + 102 – 142 + ……] {2n terms }
= 2[(2– 6)(2 + 6) + (10 – 14)(10 + 14)…..]
= 2 × (–4)[2 + 6 + 10 + 14 …..] {2n terms }
= 2 × (–4) × 2[1 + 3 + 5 + 7 …..] {2n terms }
= –16(2n)2 = –64n2 = –(8n)2
PART - II
1. Let first installment be = 'a' and the common difference of the A.P. be ‘d’
So a + (a + d) + (a + 2d) + ....... + (a + 39d) = 3600
40
 [2a + 39 d] = 3600
2
 2a + 39 d = 180 ..... (1)
30
and [2a + 29 d] = 2400 
2
  2a + 29d = 160 ..... (2)
By equations (1) & (2), we get
d = 2 and a = 51 Ans.

R
2. Area = A1 = R2  OB =
2
 R2   R2 R2  1
So Area A2 =    . So Lim  ( R 2
)    ....  =R2 . = 2R2
 2  n 
 2 4   1 
1  2 
 

2R 2 2R 2 2R 2
Now sum of areas of the squares = 2R2 + + + .......  = = 4R2
2 4 1
1
2
3. a + 6d = 9 ; T1 T2 T7 = a(a + d) (a + 6d) = 9a (a + d) = 9(9 – 6d) (9 – 5d)
 T7 = a + 6d = 9.
Let A = T1 T2 T7
dA
= 9[–45 – 54 + 60 d] = 0  60 d = 99
d(d)
33
 d= Ans.
20

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