BT - 227 Iv Semester B.Tech, (Electrical Engg.) Degree Examination, March 2023 (CBCS Scheme) 18EEPC406 : POWER GENERATION AND ECONOMICS Max. Mark: Time : 3 Hours Instructions : Answer Q. 1, Q. 2, Q. 3, Q. 40rQ. 5, Q. 60rQ.7,0.8 or. 9. 1. i, Which of the following is the largest source of electricity in India ? a) Hydro power plants b) Nuclear power plant ¢) Thermal power plant d) Wind energy ii. What is the use of surge tanks in hydro electric power plant ? 2 iii. The major heat loss in a steam power station occurs in 1 a) Heat chamber b) Penstock c) Spill ways d) Condenser iv. Define efficiency of a steam power plant. 2 v. What is the working fluid used in a gas turbine power plant 2 1 vi. In nuclear power plants, what is the role of moderator ? 1 vii. Efficiency of a normal thermal power station is 1 a) 30-40% b) 45-55% c) 15-20% d) 60-70% viii. What is the function of reflector in a nuclear reactor ? P.O.BT - 227 2 AOU ‘The voltage rating of the transformer in a pole mounted substation is jl a) 11. kV/400 V b) 11kv/200 V oc) 33 kV/11 KV d) 33 kV/400 V 1 ix. x. Isolators are used for a) Braking abnormal current b) Making under fault conditions c) Braking the circuit under no load condition d) None of the above xi. Define diversity factor. 2. a) Mention the factors to be considered for site selection of hydro electric 9 power plant. b) With a neat sketch explain the function of Governor used to control the speed of hydraulic turbine. 3. a) Draw the schematic diagram of nuclear power station and discuss its operation. b) Discuss the different methods of nuclear waste disposal. 4. a) With a schematic diagram explain the main parts and operation of a thermal power plant. b) Write a note on ash disposal methods in a steam power station. OR 5, a) Explain the different auxiliaries used in a diesel power plant. b) Discuss the different techniques used in a gas turbine power plant for improvement of thermal efficiency. 6. a) Explain double bus bar scheme with single breaker. b) Discuss the classification of substation. ORigs tl What is groundi * raaae 7. a) om grounding ? Discuss the importance of grounding in electrical p) With diagram, explain the operation of Neutral grounding transformer: . 4, a) Explain the following terms related to power plant economics 8 a) Fixed cost b) Running cost c) Depreciation d) Tariff b) The equipment in a power station costs Rs. 15,60,000/- and has @ salvage value - Rs. 60,000/- at the end of 25 years. Determine the depreciated value of equipment at the end of 20 years using the following methods. 9 a) Straight line method b) Diminishing value method c) Sinking fund method at 5% compound interest annually. OR wer factor improvement. in a\ Evnlain different techniques used for po’ + sha fallowina loads : 300 kWBT - 224 IV Semester B.Tech. (Electrical Engg.) Degree Examination, March 2023 (CBCS Scheme) 48EEPC403 : ELECTRO MAGNETIC FIELD THEORY Max. Marks : 100 Time ; 3 Hours Instructions : Question No. 1 is compulsory one marks questions (15 marks). Question No. 2and 3 is compulsory (17x2=34). Choose either of questions (4 or 5), (6 or 7) and (8 or 9) carries 17 marks each (17x3=51). 4. 1) The direction of electric field due to +Q charge is 1 a) away from the charge b) towards the charge ¢) Both a) and b) 2) For making a capacitor it is better to select a dielectric having 1 a) Low permitivity b) High permitivity c) Permitivity same as that of air 3) An electrolytic capacitor can be used for 1 a) DC only b) AC only c) Both for AC and DC 4) ‘The total electric flux through any closed surface surrounding charges is equal to the amount of charge enclosed”. The above statement is associated with 1 a) Coulomb's law b) Gauss’s law c) Maxwell's first law 5) When a dielectric slab is introduced in the parallel plate capacitor, the potential difference between the plate 1 a) Remains unchanged b) Decreases c) Increases 6) Electric field intensity is a quantity. 1 a) Scalar ~ b) Vector c) None of the above PTO.(CELE 2 BT-224 1 7) The capacitor can be used only for de is «) Coramic per | eee rement of the value of a) Electrolytic is the bridge used for the Me 8) capacitance. a) Maxwell's bridge b) Anderson's bridge c) Schers bridge The direction of magnetic lines of force is rom ————~ ¢) North to South to 9) a) West to East The unit of relative permeability unit is _————— b) South to North 10) a) Fim b) mF ¢) Wb/m 11) is the unit of magnetic flux density. a) Wb b) Wo/m? c) Wb?/m ion of 12) The Biot Savarts law is the general modificati a) Kirchhott’s law _b) Lenz's law 13) The magnetomotive force is a) Voltage a/c the two ends of excitation coil b) The sum of currents embraced by arc line of magnetic field c) None of the above 14) Permeability in a magnetic circuit corresponds to circuit. a) Resistance 15) Silicon steel used in electrical machine because it has a) Low-eddy current loss b) Low hysteresis loss c) Low retentivity c) Ampere's law in an electric b) Resistivity c) Conductivity 2. a) State and prove uniqueness theorem. b) Determine whether or not potential equations i) V = 2x? - 4y? + 2? and ii) V = cos + @ satisfy Laplace equation. c) Derive the expression for a field at a point p due to an infinitely long filament carrying direct current |.gor yn . BT -224 3. = a 2 a) List the Maxwell's equations in Point f k p) State and prove Poynting theorem, caamame pee . \ * 3 a) What is a 3-co-ordinate system 9 system and explain the function arcane the tynes of 3-co-ordinate ; 0 point char eae ° Pua 8) and P4(-3, a eae 2 mc and ~7me are located at places force on charge at P,. spectively in free space. Evaluate the vector @) State and prove divergence theorem, 5 or a) Define : i) Electric field intensity ii) Electric flux density iii) Volume charge density, b) Derive an expression for E for an infinite line charge distribution. c) Determine the volume charge density if the field is Be dbaos Bang 3, ome. . a) Show that the vector electric field E is the negative gradient of scalar electric potential. b) Find the expression for capacitance of a co-axial cable. c) Calculate the workdone in moving a 4C charge from P,(1, 0, 0) to P, (0, 2, 0) along the path y = 2 - 2x, z= 0 in the field x N/m. E = 5x OR a) State and explain the term electric potential. b) Derive the boundary conditions to be satisfied at the interface between a dielectric and a conductor in a static electric field. c) If the potential field V = 3x? + 3y? + 22? volt find iV ii) E iii) D at P(-4, 5, 4)-BT-224 A vnc 8. a) Deduce the expression for inductance of a toroidal coil having Nt carrying a current | amps. : b) A point charge Q = 18 nano coulomb has a velocity of 5 x 10° m/s in the direction 4 = 0.6 a + 0.75 a + 0.3 4, calculate the magnitude of the force exerted on the charge by the field B = - 3a. + 4ay + 62 mT. ¢) Obtain the boundary condition at the interface between the two magnetic urns and material. OR a) Find the expression for the force on a differential current carrying elements. b) Derive the Lorentz force equation and mention the application of its ‘solution. c) Calculate the inductance of a solenoid of 400 turns wound on a cylindrical tube of 10 cm diameter and 50 cm length. Assume solenoid is in air.BT - 223 F-ssof nina > Ce x } e J at SemosjenB.Tech. (Electrical Engg.) Degree Examination, March 2023 Bx (CBCS Scheme) 6c 402 : INDUCTION AND SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES Max. Marks : 100 Time : 3 Hours Q.7and Instruction : Answer Q. 1, Qa Q.8orQ.9. 2,0.3,0.4070.5,2.60F 1 salient features of fictitious rotating magnetic field with -phase induction motor. with reference to alternator. nous impedance per phase rin terms of onous (2+2+1=5) 1. A) i) State any tw reference to 3 ii) Define synchror Express torque in Newton meter watts. B) State whether the following statements are ‘True’ or‘ i) Auto-transformer starter can be used for delta-con! induction motor. ii) The 4-pole, 50 Hz, 3-phase induction generator gives an output of 1000 W at 0.8 power-factor lead when itis running at 1480 p.m. iii) The capacitor is used to improve the starting torque i capacitor-start induction motor. iv) The 3-phase synchronous motor is not 2 self-stat v) The power factor of the output of an alternator e alternator maintaining + senneina the input to th iii) f torque in synch False’. nected three-phase in split-phase ting motor. can be increased by the same value of power (istete1+1=5)umes AE BT-223 2. sonstructional features and 2. YWith the help of neat diagrams, explain the constructional features principle of working of double cago induction motor. Draw tord characteristics for the same motor. connected induction motor Np) A400 V, 11 kW, 3:phase, 50 Hz, 4-pole dolta- gave following data : No Load Test : 400 V, 8A, 1000 W Locked rotor Test: 100 V, 25 A, 1750 W Construct the circle diagram and determine : i) Full load current and power factor. ii) Maximum possible power output. 8 iil) The best possible operating power factor. 3. a) Suggest one method of eliminating 5" harmonic component in the generated e.m.f. per phase. 3 b) A 3-phase, 50 Hz, 10 pole, star-connected alternator has no. of slots/pole/ phase, m = 2 with 4 conductors per slot. The flux density distribution curve has a fundamental component and 20% third harmonic component. The total average flux per pole is 0.128 Webers. The coil span is 150° electrical. Determine RMS value of i) line em. ii) phase e.m.f. c) A3-phase alternator is operating on infinite bus under u.p.f. conditions. With the help of suitable vector diagrams, explain what happens if i) excitation is increased; ii) excitation is decreased. a) Write the equation for rotating magnetic field. What are the salient features of R.M.F. ? b) Explain the principle of working of 3-phase induction motor. c) Under certain load condition, the 3-phase A 36, 50 Hz induction motor is running with speed equal to 1470 r.p.m. The rotor impedance per phase under stand still conditions is (0.5 + 10) ohms. The full-load slip is 0.04. Determine : i) Slip under the above said running speed of the motor. ii) Rotor impedance per phase under above said running conditions. iii) Slip for maximum torque. Ts _Tn_ Tst iv) = os Tmax Tmax Th ORBT - 223 “3 nm motor ‘ecg What are the advantag over squirrel-cage induction motor ? ) With the help of neat diagrams, exp! functions of various parts of slip-ring es and disadvantages of slip-ring inductior 5. fain the constructional features and 7 induction motor. ¢) Develop the torque-slip characteristics for slip-r'09 ind from the torque equation. Clearly indicate the effect of of rotor resistance per phase on torque-slip characteristics. rs for 3-phase induction moto e induction motor ? d for induction motor. juction motor starting change in the values 12 What is the 6. 8), What is the necessity of starter disadvantage of using starter for 3-phas' DAWrite the circuit connections for star-delta starter use' Prove that 1 i) 1, with Y-A Starter = 3 lo, with D.O.L. starter. 1 ii) Ty with Y-A Starter = 3 To, with D.O.L. starter. 0) A 3-phase, 6-pole, 50 Hz induction motor takes 60A at full-load speed of 940 r.p.m. and develops a torque of 150 N-m. The starting current at rated voltage is 300 A. What is the starting torque ? Ifa star/delta starter Is used, determine the starting torque and starting current. OR ¢ induction motor applying lent circuit of single phase of working of single phas' duction motor is not self theory. Draw the equival 7. a) Explain the principle jase in double revolving field induction motor and explain why single phi starting. b) Find the me 110 V, 60 Hz single phase inductio Resistance of the stator main winding R, main winding Xx, = 2.562 Magnetizing reactance of the stator main winding en = 53.59. Rotor resistance at stand still R, = 3.56 Q Rotor reactance at stand still X, = 2.56 Q. mine direct axis synchronous reactance and quadratu tance by Slip-Test method. ination of percentage regulation by Z.P.f chanical power output at a slip of 0.05 of the 185 W, 4-pole, n motor whose constants are given below : = 1.86 Q Reactance of the stator 8. a) Explain how to deter axis synchronous reat b) Explain the method of pre-determit method for an alternator.¢) A3-phast 9. a) b) ¢) WAT 4 nye Ou 220-V,50 Hz, star-connactod 39 amps altartor ba Kyo OT cami fentayo agligible ntator ragintance, Dotarning (9 4 ohms. Hhas 0 and X, = regulation of the alternator at i) upt. ii) 0.8 power factor lag conditions. oR 3 Explain any one method of starting synchronous motor. infinite bus under constant The synchronous motor is operating on the i Ms factor conditions. mechanical load conditions and operating under unity power f Explain with suitable vector diagrams, what happens if i) excitation is increased ii) excitation is decreased. What do you mean by synchronous condenser ? A 1000-KVA, 11000-V, 3-phase star-connected synchronous motor has an armature resistance and reactance per phase of 3.5 Q and 40 © respectively. Determine the induced e.m.f. and angular retardation of the rotor when fully loaded at i) unity p.f. ji) 0.8 p.f. lagging.