Scribd
Upload
4 views

3.2 math notes

The document outlines the concepts and methods for addition and subtraction of whole numbers, including various models and algorithms such as the number line model, counting-on algorithm, and standard algorithm. It emphasizes the properties of addition, including commutative, associative, and identity properties, and provides examples and homework assignments for practice. Additionally, it introduces the concept of set notation in relation to addition and subtraction.

Uploaded by

stephbleach
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
4 views

3.2 math notes

The document outlines the concepts and methods for addition and subtraction of whole numbers, including various models and algorithms such as the number line model, counting-on algorithm, and standard algorithm. It emphasizes the properties of addition, including commutative, associative, and identity properties, and provides examples and homework assignments for practice. Additionally, it introduces the concept of set notation in relation to addition and subtraction.

Uploaded by

stephbleach
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

Math 221 Friday, September 27

Target 3B Addition and Subtraction of Whole Numbers


● Extend the concept of set notation to include addition of sets.
● Identify and use the commutative and associative properties of addition and the additive identity.
● Add whole numbers using: number line model, set model, counting-on algorithm, trades-first
algorithm, standard algorithm, partial-sums algorithm, column-addition algorithm.
● Subtract whole numbers using: take-away model, number line model, missing addend model,
equal-additions algorithm, counting-up algorithm
● Add/subtract numbers with bases other than ten.
● Use mental addition/subtraction computational skills and estimation to calculate sums/differences.

Homework: MML Homework 3-2, Due Monday, September 30 at 11:59 PM

Entry task:

Perform the following operations:

Add: 32𝑓𝑖𝑣𝑒 + 23𝑓𝑖𝑣𝑒 Subtract: 210𝑓𝑖𝑣𝑒 − 143𝑓𝑖𝑣𝑒

Set Model
A set model is one way to compare numbers and also to represent addition of whole numbers.

Suppose Jane has 4 blocks in one pile and 3 in another. If she combines the two
groups, how many objects are there in the combined group?

Note that the sets must be disjoint (have no elements in common) or


an incorrect conclusion can be drawn.
If 𝐴 = {𝑑, 𝑜, 𝑔} and 𝐵 = {𝑐, 𝑎, 𝑡, 𝑠} does 𝑛(𝐴) + 𝑛(𝐵) = 𝑛(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)?

If 𝐴 = {𝑑, 𝑜, 𝑔} and 𝐵 = {𝑔, 𝑒, 𝑐, 𝑘, 𝑜} does 𝑛(𝐴) + 𝑛(𝐵) = 𝑛(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)?

If 𝑛(𝐴) = 6, 𝑛(𝐵) = 5, and 𝑛(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) = 3, what is 𝑛(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)?

If 𝑛(𝐴) = 7, 𝑛(𝐵) = 9, and 𝑛(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) = 15, what is 𝑛(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵)?

Definition of Addition of Whole Numbers


Let A and B be disjoint finite sets. If 𝑛(𝐴) = 𝑎 and 𝑛(𝐵) = 𝑏, then 𝑎 + 𝑏 = 𝑛(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵)

What addition problem is illustrated with the sets A and B?

Number Line Model


Students need to understand that the sum represented by any two directed arrows can be found by placing
the endpoint of the first directed arrow starting at _______ and then joining to it the directed arrow for the
second number with no gaps or overlaps. The sum of the numbers can then be read.

One day, Lora drank 4 ounces of orange juice in the morning and 3 ounces at lunchtime. If she drank no
other orange juice that day, how many ounces of orange juice did she drink for the entire day?
Counting On
The strategy of counting on is an addition strategy where addition is performed by counting on from one of
the numbers.
5 + 3 can be computed by starting after 5 and counting three more numbers: 6, 7, 8.
7 + 4 can be performed by starting after 7 and counting four more numbers: 8, 9, 10, 11.

Making 10 Using Ten Frames


Another strategy is that of making 10 and then adding any remaining. One way is to use ten frames to
make a ten.

Use ten frames to add 8+6.

Column Addition

Add each place value individually, then make trades/regroup as necessary.

1257+398
Partial Sums Algorithm (Expanded Algorithm)

Write the numbers in _________________________________________.

Left-to-Right is preferred with younger students because it mimics the order they are taught to read.

568
+ 757

Standard Algorithm
Use the terms __________________________ or ________________________ instead of borrowing and
carrying.

Standard
536
+ 429

Mental Computation (you need to learn various ways of doing mental computations but not the names)

Adding from the left (like partial sums)

76 (Add the tens.)


+ 25 (Add the ones.)
(Add the two sums.)

Breaking up and bridging

76 (Add the first number to the tens in the second number.)


+ 25 (Add the sum to the units in the second number.)

Trading off

76 Add _____ to make a multiple of 10.


+ 25 Subtract _____ to compensate.
Add the two numbers.
Using compatible numbers
Compatible numbers are numbers whose sums are easy to calculate mentally.

130 + 50 + 70 + 20 + 50 =

Making compatible numbers

76
+ 25

Whole Number Addition Properties

Commutative Property of Addition of Whole Numbers


If a and b are any whole numbers, then a + b = b + a.

Associative Property of Addition of Whole Numbers


If a, b, and c are any whole numbers, then (a + b) + c = a + (b + c).

Identity Property of Addition of Whole Numbers


There is a unique whole number, 0, called the additive identity, such that for any whole number a,
a + 0 = a = 0 + a.

Identify the property illustrated.

7+8=8+7

(1 + 2) + 3 = 1 + (2 + 3)

(7 + 3) + 0 = 7 + 3

(10 + 3) + 6 = (3 + 10) + 6

(4 + 8) + 7 = 7 + (4 + 8)

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy