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Egr 2

Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) is an emission control system that reduces NOX emissions by redirecting exhaust back to the combustion chamber to lower combustion temperatures. It operates through a vacuum-operated valve and can recirculate 5% to 15% of exhaust in S.I. engines and up to 50% in diesel engines. EGR is not used during engine idling or high load conditions to maintain efficiency and performance.

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11 views1 page

Egr 2

Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) is an emission control system that reduces NOX emissions by redirecting exhaust back to the combustion chamber to lower combustion temperatures. It operates through a vacuum-operated valve and can recirculate 5% to 15% of exhaust in S.I. engines and up to 50% in diesel engines. EGR is not used during engine idling or high load conditions to maintain efficiency and performance.

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Exhaust Gas Recirculation

(EGR)
The EngineerJanuary 24, 2020
EGR, Exhaust Gas Recirculation

Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) is an emission control system


used to;
Reduce NOX emissions in particular.

It redirects some amount of exhaust back to the Combustion


Chamber of an engine to dilute the oxygen in the intake stroke
and reduce the combustion temperature.

NOX is produced at peak engine temperature and the


emission is higher
When the oxygen content in the intake is high (lean mixture).

At high temperatures, Nitrogen combines with oxygen to form


various oxides of nitrogen (Collectively known as NOX).

NOX is responsible for the formation of smog in cities.

Design and Operation of EGR:


The engine exhaust only recirculates when a vacuum
operated valve opens.

The EGR valve is driven by backpressure exhaust.

The EGR valve allows some amount of exhaust to be sent back


to the combustion chamber at a restricted backpressure rang
e.

The exhaust gas is an inert gas, hence it cannot be


burned.

It dilutes the fresh air in the inlet manifold, thus reducing the
oxygen content.

The inert gases also absorb the Combustion chamber heat to


reduce the peak temperature.

The exhaust gases pass through an EGR cooler to reduce its


temperature.

Reducing the temperature of exhaust helps in reducing the


peak temperature of the cylinder.

In an S.I. engine, EGR re-circulates 5 % to 15 % of the exhaust.

Excess amount of recirculation can compromise engine


efficiency.

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At engine idling speed EGR is not used to avoid uncontrolled c


ombustion.

It is also not used at high loads, as high power output is neede


d to achieve high speeds and EGR will simply prevent high oxy
gen intake at high loads.

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In a diesel engine, Exhaust can be re-circulated as high as 50


% as the diesel engine is not subjected to Continuous flame
front and knocking.

In the mid-1990s, pneumatic EGR valves became more


popular in the EGR system.

It consists of an electromagnetic valve which is operated by


vacuum.

Vacuum is usually generated by the pressure difference


between Inlet manifold and exhaust manifold.

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