Lesson 13:

Tenses
Tenses [wakati/nyakati]
There are five major tenses in Swahili:
A). Present [wakati uliopo]
B). Present Perfect [wakati uliopo hali timilifu]
C). Past [wakati uliopita]
D). Future [wakati ujao]
E). Habitual [wakati wa mazoea]

A). Present [wakati uliopo]

The present tense uses -NA-
Sentensi:
1. Mimi ninasoma Kiswahili. [I am studying/reading Kiswahili.]
2. Sisi tunasoma Kiswahili. [We are studying/reading Kiswahili.]

B). Present Perfect [wakati uliopo hali timilifu]

The present perfect tense uses -ME-
Sentensi:
1. Mimi nimesoma Kiswahili. [I have read/studied Kiswahili.]
2. Sisi tumesoma Kiswahili. [We have read/studied Kiswahili.]

C). Past [wakati uliopita]

The past tense uses -LI-
Sentensi:
1. Mimi nilisoma Kiswahili. [I read/studied Kiswahili.]
2. Sisi tulisoma Kiswahili. [We read/ studied Kiswahili.]
D). Future [wakati ujao]
The future tense uses -TA-
Sentensi:
1. Mimi nitasoma Kiswahili. [I will read/study Kiswahili.]
2. Sisi tutasoma Kiswahili. [We will read/study Kiswahili.]

E). Habitual [wakati wa mazoea]

The habitual tense uses HU-
If your intention is to express an idea that happens on a regular basis,
use the habitual tense which is represented by the HU- prefix on the verb.
Sentensi:
1. Mimi huoga kila asubuhi.
[I shower every morning.]
2. Mimi hupiga mswaki kila asubuhi.
[I brush my teeth every morning.]
3. Mimi hula kiamsha kinywa/ chakula cha asubuhi.
[I eat breakfast.]
4. Mimi huenda darasani saa tatu asubuhi.
[I go to class at 9am.]
5. Mimi hula chakula cha mchana saa sita mchana.
[I eat lunch at noon.]
6. Mimi huenda nyumbani saa kumi jioni.
[I go home at 4pm.]
7. Mimi hucheza jioni.
[I play in the evening.]
8. Mimi hula chakula cha jioni saa moja usiku.
[I eat dinner at 7pm.]
9. Mimi husoma saa moja na nusu usiku.
[I study at 7:30pm.]
10. Mimi hulala saa nne usiku.
[I go to sleep at 10pm.]
11. Wanafunzi husoma Kiswahili kila siku.
[Students read/study Kiswahili every day.]
12. Yeye huzungumza sana.
[He/She talks a lot.]
13. Mwalimu hufundisha saa tatu asubuhi.
[The teacher teaches at 9am.]
14. Yeye huimba kila saa.
[He/She sings every hour.]
15. Yeye huenda baani kila Ijumaa.
[He/She goes to the bar every Friday.]
 Lesson 14a:
Numbers and Counting
Numbers and Counting [nambari na hesabu]
A). Numbers
B). The order in which the numbers are stated
C). How numbers and noun class [ngeli] go together
D). Questions with numbers (age, siblings, house, year, phone)

A). Numbers
0-9
sifuri [zero]
moja [one]
mbili [two]
tatu [three]
nne [four]
tano [five]
sita [six]
saba [seven]
nane [eight]
tisa [nine]
kumi (0)
kumi [ten]
kumi na moja [11]
kumi na mbili [12]
kumi na tatu [13]
kumi na nne [14]
kumi na tano [15]
kumi na sita [16]
kumi na saba [17]
kumi na nane [18]
kumi na tisa [19]
ishirini [20]
thelathini [30]
arobaini [40]
hamsini [50]
sitini [60]
sabini [70]
themanini [80]
tisini [90]
mia (00)
mia; mia moja [100]
mia mbili [200]
mia tatu [300]
mia nne [400]
mia tano [500]
mia sita [600]
mia saba [700]
mia nane [800]
mia tisa [900]
elfu (000)
elfu; elfu moja [1,000]
elfu mbili [2,000]
elfu tatu [3,000]
elfu nne [4,000]
elfu tano [5,000]
elfu sita [6,000]
elfu saba [7,000]
elfu nane [8,000]
elfu tisa [9,000]
laki moja; elfu mia moja [100,000]
laki mbili; elfu mia mbili [200,000]
laki tatu; elfu mia tatu [300,000]
laki nne; elfu mia nne [400,000]
laki tano; elfu mia tano [500,000]
laki sita; elfu mia sita [600,000]
laki saba; elfu mia saba [700,000]
laki nane; elfu mia nane [800,000]
laki tisa; elfu mia tisa [900,000]
milioni (000,000)
milioni; milioni moja [1,000,000]
milioni mbili [2,000,000]
milioni tatu [3,000,000]
milioni nne [4,000,000]
milioni tano [5,000,000]
milioni sita [6,000,000]
milioni saba [7,000,000]
milioni nane [8,000,000]
milioni tisa [9,000,000]
bilioni (000,000,000)
bilioni; bilioni moja [1,000,000,000]
bilioni mbili [2,000,000,000]
bilioni tatu [3,000,000,000]
bilioni nne [4,000,000,000]
bilioni tano [5,000,000,000]
bilioni sita [6,000,000,000]
bilioni saba [7,000,000,000]
bilioni nane [8,000,000,000]
bilioni tisa [9,000,000,000]

B). The order in which the numbers are stated

thelathini na moja [31]
mia tatu na kumi [310]
mia tatu, kumi na saba [317]
elfu tatu, mia tatu kumi na saba [3,317]
elfu mia tatu, mia tatu kumi na [300,317]
saba
milioni tatu, elfu mia tatu [3,333, 317]
thelathini na tatu, mia tatu
kumi na saba
C). How numbers and noun class go together
[numbers and noun agreements]
 Noun class is marked on numbers as in the examples below.
 When stating numbers, always start with the noun.
 Swahili numbers do take noun agreements except: 6, 7, 9, 10 and
all the multiples. When stating numbers always start with the noun.

Mifano:

1. mwanafunzi mmoja [one student]

2. wanafunzi wawili [two students]
3. wanafunzi watatu [three students]
4. wanafunzi wanne [four students]
5. wanafunzi watano [five students]
6. wanafunzi sita [six students]
7. wanafunzi saba [seven students]
8.wanafunzi wanane [eight students]
9. wanafunzi tisa [nine students]
10. wanafunzi kumi [ten students]
11. wanafunzi kumi na mmoja [eleven students]
12. wanafunzi kumi na wawili [twelve students]
Numbers and their agreements in various noun classes
NOUN NOUN MOJA MBILI TATU NNE TANO SITA SABA NANE TISA KUMI
CLASS
M Mtoto Mmoja -------- -------- --------- -------- ----- ------ --------- ---- -------
WA Watoto -------- Wawili Watatu Wanne Watano Sita Saba Wanane Tisa Kumi
KI Kisu Kimoja -------- --------- --------- --------- ----- ------- --------- ---- ------
VI Visu --------- Viwili Vitatu Vinne Vitano Sita Saba Vinane Tisa Kumi
M Mguu Mmoja -------- --------- --------- --------- ----- ------- --------- ---- -------
MI Miguu --------- Miwili Mitatu Minne Mitano Sita Saba Minane Tisa Kumi
JI Jina Moja -------- --------- --------- --------- ----- ------- --------- ---- -------
MA Majina --------- Mawili Matatu Matano Matano Sita Saba Manane Tisa Kumi
N Nyumba Moja -------- --------- --------- --------- ----- ------- --------- ---- -------
N Nyumba --------- Mbili Tatu Nne Tano Sita Saba Manane Tisa Kumi
U Ukuta Mmoja -------- --------- --------- --------- ----- ------- --------- ---- -------
ZI Kuta --------- Mbili Tatu Nne Tano Sita Saba Nane Tisa Kumi
U Uji --------- -------- --------- --------- --------- ----- ------- --------- ---- -------
U Uji --------- -------- --------- --------- --------- ----- ------- --------- ---- -------
KU Kuimba --------- -------- --------- --------- --------- ----- ------- --------- ---- -------
KU Kuimba --------- -------- --------- --------- --------- ----- ------- --------- ---- -----
PA Pahali Pamoja Pawili --------- --------- --------- ----- ------- --------- ---- -------
PA Pahali --------- -------- Patatu Panne Patano Sita Saba Nane Tisa Kumi
MU Shuleni --------- -------- --------- --------- --------- ----- ------- --------- ---- -------
MU Shuleni --------- -------- --------- --------- --------- ----- ------- --------- ---- -------

Mifano:
1. mwanafunzi mmoja [one student]
2. wanafunzi wawili [two students]
3. wanafunzi sita [six students]
4. wanafunzi ishirini na watatu [twenty three students]
5. wanafunzi thelathini [thirty students]
6. kiti kimoja [one chair]
7. viti viwili [two chairs]
8. viti sita [six chairs]
9. viti ishirini na vitatu [twenty three chairs]
10. viti thelathini [students]
11. mti mmoja [one tree]
12. miti miwili [two trees]
13. miti sita [six trees]
14. miti ishirini na mitatu [twenty three trees]
15. miti thelathini [thirty trees]
Mifano zaidi:
1. walimu kumi na mmoja [one student]
2. viti kumi na moja [eleven chairs]
3. nyumba ishirini na mbili [twenty two houses]
4. macho matano [five eyes]
5. madarasa manane [eight classes]
6. rafiki kumi na watatu [thirteen friends]
7. pahali tisa [nine places]
8. Nilinunua kalamu nne. [I bought four pens.]
9. Nina paka wawili. [I have two cats.]
10.Nina dola/shilingi tano. [I have five dollars/shillings.]
11. Nina gari moja. [I have one car.]
12.Nina madarasa sita/saba/ [I have six/seven/eight/nine/ten classes.]
manane/tisa/kumi/etc.
13. Nilinunua viatu viwili. [I bought two shoes.]
14.Nina miaka mitano. [I am five years old.]
15. Nina miaka kumi na minane/kumi [I am eighteen/nineteen/twenty/twenty one/
na tisa/ ishirini/ ishirini na twenty two/ twenty three years old.]
mmoja/ ishirini na miwili/ ishirini
na mitatu.
16.Nina miaka mia moja na mmoja [I am one hundred and one years old.]

Zingatia [Note]
mwaka/miaka [year/years]
-ngapi? [how many?]
Mingapi? [how many?]
nambari [number]
gani [what?]
ni [is]
huu [this]
wangapi? [how many?]
simu [telephone]
nambari ya simu [telephone number]
mwaka [year]
mwaka jana [last year]
mwaka kesho/ujao [next year]
mwaka huu/huu mwaka [this year]
 Question Formation
Mifano:
I. STATING NUMBERS OF SIBLINGS:
1. Una kaka wangapi?
[How many brothers do you have?]
a). Nina kaka mmoja na dada mmoja. [I have one brother and one sister.]
b). Nina kaka mmoja na dada wawili. [I have one brother and two sisters.]
c). Sina kaka lakini nina dada sita. [I don’t have brothers but I have six
sisters.]
d). Sina kaka. [I have no brother.]
e). Sina dada. [I have no sister.]

II. STATING YOUR AGE:

1. Una miaka mingapi?
[How old are you/how many years do you have?]
a). Nina miaka kumi na miwili. [I am 12 years old.]
b). Nina miaka saba. [I am 7 years old.]

III. STATING YOUR HOUSE NUMBER:

1. Nambari yako ya nyumba ni gani?
[What is your house number?]
a). Nambari yangu ya nyumba ni _____. [The number of my house is _____.]
b). Nambari yangu ni _____. [My number is _____.]
c). Ni barabara ya _____. [It is the street of _____.]

IV. STATING YOUR TELEPHONE NUMBER

1. Nambari yako ya simu ni gani?
[What is your telephone number?]
a). Nambari yangu ya simu ni _____. [My telephone number is _____.]
b). Nambari yangu ni _____. [My number is _____.]
c). Ni _____. [It is _____.]
V. STATING THE YEAR:
1. Huu ni mwaka gani?
[Which year is this?]
a). Huu ni mwaka wa elfu mbili kumi na moja. [This year is 2011.]
b). Ni mwaka wa elfu mbili na kumi na moja. [It is the year 2011.]
c). Ni elfu mbili na kumi na moja. / Ni 2011. [It is 2011.]

2. Mwaka jana ulikuwa gani?

[Which year was last year?]
a). Mwaka jana ulikuwa elfu mbili na kumi. [Last year was 2010.]
b). Ulikuwa elfu mbili na tisa. / Ulikuwa 2010. [It was 2010.]

3. Mwaka ujao/kesho utakuwa gani?

[Which year will next year be?]
a). Mwaka ujao utakuwa elfu mbili na kumi na [Next year will be 2012.]
mbili.
b). Utakuwa elfu mbili na kumi na mbili. / [It will be 2012.]
Utakuwa 2012.
 Lesson 14b:
Fractions
Fractions [akisami]

Fractions
nusu [half]
theluthi / thuluthi [a third]
robo [a quarter]
humusi [a fifth]
sudusi / sudusu [a sixth]
subui [a seventh]
thumuni [an eighth]
tusui [a ninth]
ushuri [a tenth]
robo tatu [three quarters]
thuluthi mbili [two thirds]
humusi nne [four fifths]
subui mbili [two sevenths]
thumuni tatu [three eighths]
sudusi tano [five sixths]
tusui nane [eight ninths]
ushuri tisa [nine tenths]
subui sita [six sevenths]
ushuri tatu [three tenths]
thumuni mbili [two eighths]

Zingatia [Note]
asilimia [percentage]
 Sentence Formation
Mifano:
1. Darasa la Kiswahili lina wanafunzi thuluthi mbili leo.
[The Kiswahili class has two thirds of the students today.]
2. Nitalipa ushuri tatu wa mshahara wangu wote.
[I will pay three tenths of my whole salary.]
3. Wanafunzi robo tatu wa KU ni wanawake.
[Three quarters of the KU students are women.]
4. Nusu ya idadi ya watu Marekani ni maskini.
[Half of the American population is poor.]
5. Nimekula humusi moja ya ndizi.
[I have eaten a fifth of the banana.]
 Lesson 15:
Days of the Week
Days of the Week [siku za juma/wiki]
The days of the week follow the Muslim weekly pattern of worship, where Saturday is
considered the first day of the week. Since Friday is the main day of worship, it is
regarded as the last day of the week.
 Jumamosi [day one, Saturday]
 Jumapili [day two, Sunday]
Followed by:
 Jumatatu [day three, Monday]
 Jumanne [day four, Tuesday]
 Jumatano [day five, Wednesday]
And finally:
 Alhamisi [day six, Thursday]
 Ijumaa [day seven, last day of the week, Friday]

A). Vocabulary
siku [day]
juma; wiki [week]
Jumatatu [Monday]
Jumanne [Tuesday]
Jumatano [Wednesday]
Alhamisi [Thursday]
Ijumaa [Friday]
Jumamosi [Saturday]
Jumapili [Sunday]
 Zingatia [note]
juzi [day before yesterday]
jana [yesterday]
leo [today]
kesho [tomorrow]
kesho kutwa [day after tomorrow]
mtondo [three days away]
mtondogoo [four days away]
kitondo [five days away]
kitondo jogoo [six days away]
majuzi [three days ago]
juzijuzi [four days ago]
kitojo [five days ago]
kijomba [six days ago]
siku [day]
fanya [do]

Question Formation
Mifano:
1. Leo ni siku gani?
[What day is today?]
a). Leo ni siku ya Jumatatu. [Today is (the day of) Monday.]
b). Leo ni Jumatatu. [Today is Monday.]
c). Ni Jumatatu. [It’s Monday.]

2. Jana ilikuwa siku gani?

[What day was yesterday?]
a). Jana ilikuwa Jumapili. [Yesterday was Sunday.]
b). Ilikuwa Jumapili. [It was Sunday.]

3. Kesho itakuwa siku gani?

[What day will it be tomorrow?]
a). Itakuwa Jumanne. [It will be Tuesday.]
b). Kesho ni Jumanne. [Tomorrow is Tuesday.]
c). Ni Jumanne. [It’s Tuesday.]
4. Ulifanya nini jana / Jana ulifanya nini?
[What did you do yesterday?]
Nilikula, nililala na nilisoma jana. / Jana nilikula, nililala na nilisoma.
[I ate, I slept and I studied yesterday. / Yesterday I ate, I slept and I studied.]

5. Utafanya nini kesho?

[What will you do tomorrow?]
Kesho nitaenda darasani na kazini. [Tomorrow I will go to class and work.]

6. Utafanya nini kesho asubuhi/mchana/jioni/usiku?

[What will you do tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening/night?
Kesho nitaenda dukani. [Tomorrow I will go to the
store.]

7. Ulifanya nini jana jioni / Jana jioni ulifanya nini?

[What did you do yesterday evening?]
Nilikula, nililala na nilisoma jana jioni / [I ate, I slept and I studied
Jana jioni nilikula, nililala na nilisoma. yesterday evening. / Yesterday
evening I ate, I slept and I
studied.]

8. Umefanya nini leo?

[What did you do today?]
Leo nimefanya kazi ya nyumbani [Today I did homework and
na kusoma. studied.]

9. Umefanya nini leo asubuhi/mchana/jioni/usiku?

[What did you do this morning/afternoon/evening/night?]
Nimefanya ___________. [I did _______________.]

10. Habari za leo?

[How is today? / What is the news of today?]
Nzuri/ njema/ salama/ sawa/ safi/ poa. [Good/ nice/ peaceful/ fine/
clean/ cool]
11. Habari za jana?
[What’s the news of yesterday?]
Nzuri/ njema/ salama/ sawa/ safi/ poa [Good/ nice/ peaceful/ fine/
clean/ cool]
 Lesson 16:
Months of the Year
Months of the Year [miezi ya mwaka]
Mwezi/Miezi [Month(s)]
A). Months
Januari mwezi wa kwanza (first) January
Februari mwezi wa pili February
Machi mwezi wa tatu March
Aprili mwezi wa nne April
Mei mwezi wa tano May
Juni mwezi wa sita June
Julai mwezi wa saba July
Agosti mwezi wa nane August
Septemba mwezi wa tisa September
Oktoba mwezi wa kumi October
Novemba mwezi wa kumi na moja November
Desemba mwezi wa kumi na mbili December

Zingatia [note]
tarehe [date]
mwezi/miezi [month(s)]
mwaka/miaka [year(s)]
zaliwa [to be born]
lini [when]

Question Formation
Mfano:
1. Ulizaliwa lini?
[When were you born?]
Nilizaliwa tarehe mbili, mwezi wa tisa, mwaka wa elfu moja mia tisa
themanini na tano.
[I was born September 2, 1985.]
 Lesson 17:
Time
Time [saa]
Most languages of Eastern Africa tell the time of the day by referring to 12 hours of day
time and 12 hours of night time:
 7:00 am is referred to as saa moja asubuhi to mean that it is the first hour of the day.
 7:00 pm is called saa moja usiku to indicate that it is the first hour of the night.

A). Times of Day

saa moja [first hour] 7:00 am / pm
saa mbili [second hour] 8:00 am / pm
saa tatu [third hour] 9:00 am / pm
saa nne [fourth hour] 10:00 am / pm
saa tano [fifth hour] 11:00 am / pm
saa sita [sixth hour] 12:00 am / pm
saa saba [seventh hour] 1:00 am / pm
saa nane [eighth hour] 2:00 am / pm
saa tisa [ninth hour] 3:00 am / pm
saa kumi [tenth hour] 4:00 am / pm
saa kumi na moja [eleventh hour] 5:00 am / pm
saa kumi na mbili [twelfth hour] 6:00 am / pm

B). Vocabulary
asubuhi [morning]
mchana [afternoon]
adhuhuri [midday]
alasiri [late afternoon/early evening]
jioni/machweo/machwa/ [evening]
magharibi
mafungia ngombe [between evening and 11 pm]
usiku [night]
usiku mchanga [between 7 pm and 11 pm]
usiku mkuu/usiku wa [between midnight and 3 am]
manane
majogoo [between 3 am and 4 am]
machweo/mawio/ [early morning, pre-dawn]
mapambazuko
alfajiri [dawn]
mafungulia ngombe [between 8 am and 11 am]

C). How to state time

Kwa Kiingereza Kwa Kiswahili
7 am saa moja asubuhi
8 am saa mbili asubuhi
9 am saa tatu asubuhi
10 am saa nne asubuhi
11 am saa tano asubuhi
12 pm saa sita mchana
1 pm saa saba mchana
2 pm saa nane mchana
3 pm saa tisa mchana
4 pm saa kumi jioni
5 pm saa kumi na moja jioni
6 pm saa kumi na mbili jioni
7 pm saa moja usiku
8 pm saa mbili usiku
9 pm saa tatu usiku
10 pm saa nne usiku
11 pm saa tano usiku
12 am saa sita usiku
1 am saa saba usiku
2 am saa nane usiku
3 am saa tisa usiku
4 am saa kumi alfajiri
5 am saa kumi na moja alfajiri
6 am saa kumi na mbili alfajiri

D). Other important vocabularies of time

a). saa [hour] saa sita mchana/ [12:00 pm]
saa sita kamili mchana
b). dakika [minutes] saa kumi na dakika kumi jioni [4:10 pm]
c). sekunde [seconds] saa tano na nusu na sekunde [11:30:25 am]
ishirini na tano asubuhi
d). nusu [half] saa nne na nusu asubuhi [10:30 am]
e). kamili [exact] saa tisa kamili usiku/ [3:00 am sharp]
saa tisa usiku
f). robo [quarter after] saa sita na robo mchana/ [12:15 pm]
saa sita na dakika kumi na tano
mchana
g). kasororobo [quarter to] saa nne kasororobo asubuhi/ [9:45 am]
saa nne na dakika arobaini na
tano asubuhi

Zingatia [Note]
saa [time]
ngapi? [what?]
Saa ngapi? [What time?]
sasa [now]

Question Formation
Mifano:
1. Ni saa ngapi sasa / sasa ni saa ngapi?
[What is the time now?]
a). Sasa ni saa mbili asubuhi. [Now it is 8:00 am.]
b). Ni saa mbili asubuhi. [It is 8:00 am.]

2. Ni saa ngapi?
[What is the time?]
Ni saa tatu usiku. [It is 9:00 pm.]

3. Utaenda nyumbani saa ngapi?

[What time are you going home?]
a). Nitaenda nyumbani saa nane mchana. [I will go home at 2:00 pm.]
b). Nitaenda saa nane mchana. [I will go at 2:00 pm.]

4. Utakula chakula cha asubuhi/mchana/usiku saa ngapi?

[What time will you eat breakfast/lunch/dinner?]
a). Nitakula chakula cha mchana saa saba [I will eat lunch at 1:00 pm.]
mchana.
b). Nitakula saa saba mchana. [I will eat at 1:00 pm.]
5. Ulilala saa ngapi jana?
[What time did you sleep yesterday?]
a). Jana nililala saa tano usiku. [Yesterday I slept at 11:00 pm.]
b). Nililala saa tano usiku. [I slept at 11:00 pm.]

6. Utaenda karamuni/filamuni/Kansas City/Michigan saa

ngapi?
[What time are you going to the party/movie/Kansas City/Michigan?]
a). Nitaenda karamuni/filamuni/Kansas [I will go to the party/movie/Kansas
City/Michigan saa sita usiku. City/Michigan at midnight.]
b). Nitaenda saa sita usiku. [I will go at 12:00 am.]

7. Utacheza saa ngapi?

[What time will you play?]
Nitacheza saa _________. [I will play at _________.]

8. Utaimba saa ngapi?

[What time will you sing?]
Nitaimba _________. [I will sing at _________.]

9. Utamaliza kazi ya nyumbani saa ngapi?

[What time will you finish doing homework?]
a). Nitamaliza kazi ya nyumbani saa _____. [I finish doing homework at _____.]
b). Nitamaliza __________. [I will finish at________.]

10. Utafundisha Kiswahili saa ngapi?

[What time will you teach Kiswahili?]
a). Nitafundisha Kiswahili ___________. [I will teach Kiswahili at________.]
b). Nitafundisha _____________. [I will teach at ________.]
11. Utapika kuku/pizza saa ngapi?
[What time will you cook chicken/pizza?]
a). Nitapika kuku/pizza saa _________. [I will cook chicken/pizza at _____.]
b). Nitapika ___________. [I will cook at __________.]

12. Utafika darasani saa ngapi?

[What time will you reach class?]
a). Nitafika darasani saa _________. [I will reach class at _________.]
b). Nitafika saa _________. [It will arrive at _________.]

13. Utasafisha nyumba saa ngapi?

[What time will you clean the house?]
Nitasafisha nyumba saa _________. [I will clean the house at _______.]
Nitasafisha _________. [I will clean at _________.
 Lesson 18:
Courses, Schedule, Routine
Courses, Schedule, Routine
[kosi, ratiba, shughuli za kila siku]

A). Vocabulary
kosi [course]
ratiba [schedule]
ratiba ya kila siku [daily schedule]
desturi; shughuli [routine]
desturi/shughuli za kila siku [daily routine]
robo [quarter]
semesta [semester]
muhula [term]
hadi/mpaka [until]

B). Daily Schedule [ratiba ya kila siku]

[7:00 am - 8:00 am]
Saa moja asubuhi hadi/mpaka saa mbili asubuhi:
Huamka, hunawa uso, huoga na hula chakula cha asubuhi au hunywa
kahawa.
[I wake up, wash my face, shower, and eat breakfast or drink coffee.]

[8:00 am - 12:00 pm]

Saa mbili asubuhi hadi/mpaka saa sita mchana:
Huenda darasani, na husoma darasani.
[I go to class, and I study in class.]

[12:00 pm - 1:00 pm]

Saa sita mchana hadi/mpaka saa saba mchana:
Hula chakula cha mchana na hulala kidogo.
[I eat lunch and sleep a little.]
[2:00 pm - 4:00 pm]
Saa nane mchana hadi/mpaka saa kumi mchana:
Huenda/hurudi darasani tena.
[I go/return to class again.]

[5:00 pm - 7:00 pm]

Saa kumi na moja jioni hadi/mpaka saa moja usiku:
Hucheza, hukimbia, hufanya mazoezi, na huenda kazini.
[I play, run, work out, and go to work.]

[7:00 pm - 8:00 pm]

Saa moja usiku hadi/mpaka saa mbili usiku:
Hula chakula cha jioni na huenda kwenye filamu.
[I eat dinner and go to a movie.]

[8:00 am - 9:00 pm]

Saa mbili usiku hadi/mpaka saa tatu usiku:
Hufanya kazi ya nyumbani na huenda mkutanoni.
[I do homework and go to a meeting.]

[9:00 pm - 12:00 am]

Saa tatu usiku hadi/mpaka saa sita usiku:
Husoma historia/Kiswahili, hufanya marudio na pia hupiga nguo pasi.
[I study history/Kiswahili, I do a review and iron clothes.]

[12:00 am - 6:00 am]

Saa sita usiku hadi/mpaka saa kumi na mbili alfajiri:
Hupumzika nyumbani mwangu na hulala hadi/mpaka asubuhi.
[I rest at my house and sleep until morning.]
 Question Formation
Mifano:
1. Wewe hufanya nini kila siku?
[What do you do every day?]
a). Mimi hufanya mambo mengi kila [I do a lot of things every day, for
siku kwa mfano: ______. example: ______.]
b). Mimi huenda filamuni. [I go to a movie.]
c). Mimi huenda mkutanoni. [I go to a meeting.]
d). Mimi huenda michezoni. [I go to games.]

2. Ratiba yako ni gani semesta hii?

[What is your schedule this semester?]
a). Semesta hii ratiba yangu ni: [This semester my schedule is:]
b). Ratiba yangu semesta hii ni: [My schedule this semester is:]

3. Unafanya kosi gani semesta hii?; Semesta hii unafanya

kosi gani?
[What courses are you taking this semester?]
a). Semesta hii ninafanya kosi nyingi [This semester I am taking many
kwa mfano/kama/kama vile courses for example/like/such as
Kiswahili… Kiswahili...]
b). Ninafanya kosi nyingi kwa mfano/ [I am taking many courses for
kama/kama vile Kiswahili… example/like/such as Kiswahili...]

4. Unasoma nini semesta hii/semesta hii unasoma nini?

[What are you studying this semester?]
a). Semesta hii ninasoma Kiswahili, [This semester I am studying
historia Kiswahili, history.]
b). Semesta hii nina kazi nyingi sana. [This semester I have a lot of work]
c). Semesta hii nina kazi kidogo. [This semester I have little work.]
d). Sisomi masomo yoyote. [I am not taking any studies.]

5. Mimi ninapenda/sipendi semesta hii kwa sababu...

[I like/don’t like this semester because...]
 Lesson 19:
Household Chores and
Daily Activities
Household Chores and [shughuli za kila siku]
Daily Activities

A). Household Chores

fua nguo [wash clothes]
kamua nguo [rinse clothes]
kausha nguo [dry clothes]
osha uso [wash the face]
nawa mikono [clean the hands]
osha/ogesha mtoto [wash the child]
pakua chakula [serve the food]
pasa nguo [iron clothes]
piga pasi [iron]
pika chakula [cook food]
safisha chumba [clean the room]
tandika kitanda [make the bed]
piga deki [mop the house]
panguza meza [dust the table]
panga nguo [arrange clothes]
piga huva [vacuum clean]
chemsha chai/chakula [boil tea/food]
oga bafuni [take a shower in the bathroom]
fua nguo [wash clothes]
kamua nguo [rinse clothes]
B). Daily Activities
kuamka [to wake up]
kunawa uso [to wash the face]
kuoga bafuni [to take a shower]
kula/kupata chakula cha
asubuhi,
kula/kupata staftahi, [to eat breakfast]
kula/kupata
kiamshakinywa
kula/kupata chakula cha
mchana, [to eat lunch]
kula/kupata maankuli
kula/kupata chakula cha [to eat dinner]
jioni/usiku
kupiga mswaki [to brush the teeth]
kwenda darasani [to go to class]
kusoma historia [to study history]
kulala [to sleep]
kwenda michezoni [to go play sports]
kukimbia [to run]
kufanya mazoezi [to do exercises]
kwenda kazini [to go to work]
kwenda filamuni [to go to a movie]
kwenda maktabani [to go to the library]
kwenda dukani [to go to the stores]
kwenda sokoni [to go to the market]
kufanya kazi ya nyumbani [to do homework]
kwenda mkutanoni [to go to a meeting]
kwenda kanisani [to go to church]
kwenda karamuni [to go to a party]
kustarehe / kupumzika [to rest at home]
nyumbani
kuona televisheni [to watch television]
kufanya marudio [to do review]
kwenda mkahawani [to go to a restaurant]
kupiga chapa [to type]
kupiga picha [to take a picture]
kupiga simu [to make a call]
 Sentence Formation
Mifano:
1. Mama yako anapika chakula kizuri.
[Your mother is cooking good food.]
2. Kabla ya kula, tafadhali nawa/osha/safisha mikono.
[Before eating, please wash/clean your hands.]
3. Yeye hufua nguo kila wikendi/saa.
[He/She washes clothes every weekend/time.]
4. Nitatandika kitanda baada ya kuamka.
[I will make the bed after I wake up.]
5. Mama huoga/huogesha mtoto bafuni.
[The mother washes the child in the bathtub.]
6. Jana nilienda filamuni/karamuni/maktabani/
dukani/sokoni.
[Yesterday I went to a movie/party/library/store/market.]
7. Rafiki yangu na mimi tutasoma historia.
[My friend and I will study history.]
8. Mimi hupata staftahi/hula chakula cha asubuhi katika
mkahawa kila asubuhi.
[I get breakfast at a café each morning.]
9. Baba yangu anapenda kuona televisheni.
[My father likes to watch television.]
10. Mimi hupiga mswaki kabla ya kulala.
[I brush my teeth before sleeping.]
11. Nitaenda dukani baada ya darasa.
[I will go to the store after class.]
12. Nitaenda mkahawani kabla ya kwenda maktabani.
[I will go to the restaurant before going to the library.]
13. Nitatandika kitanda baada ya kuamka.
[I will spread the bed after waking up.]
 Lesson 20:
Foods
Foods [vyakula]

A). Foods
Chakula / vyakula [food / foods]
mboga / mboga [vegetable / vegetables]
dengu / dengu [mung bean / lentils]
jibini / jibini [cheese / cheeses]
kabeji / kabeji; [cabbage / cabbages]
kabichi
kiazi / viazi [potato / potatoes]
maharagwe / mandondo [bean / beans]
maharagwe / mandondo
mahindi [maize / corn]
mahindi ya kuchoma [roasted maize / corn]
mbaazi / mbaazi [pea / peas]
mchele [uncooked rice]
wali [cooked rice]
mchicha / michicha [spinach / spinaches]
mchuzi / michuzi [soup / soups]
muhogo / mihogo [cassava / cassavas]
nyama / nyama [meat / meats]
nyama ya kondoo [mutton]
nyama ya kuku [chicken meat]
nyama ya mbuzi [goat meat]
nyama ya ng'ombe [beef]
nyama ya nguruwe [pork]
nyama ya kuchoma [roasted/grilled meat]
kuku [chicken]
samaki [fish]
pilipili [pepper]
pilipili hoho [chili pepper]
pilipili manga [black pepper]
pilipili saumu [pepper garlic]
pilipili kichaa [hot pepper]
siagi [butter]
sukuma wiki [collard greens]
unga [flour]
unga wa mahindi [corn flour]
unga wa ngano [wheat flour]
yai / mayai [egg / eggs]
vitafunio; karanga [snacks]
mkate / mikate [bread / breads]
mandazi / mandazi [bun / buns]
sandwichi [sandwich]
kimanda [toast]
chapati / chapati [Indian flat bread]
ugali / sima [stiff cornmeal porridge]
njugu / njugu [groundnut / peanuts]
karoti / karoti [carrot / carrots]
choroko [green peas]
njegere [pigeon peas]
bamia [okra]
kisamvu [cassava leaves]
figo/figo [kidney / kidneys]
maini / maini [liver / livers]
matumbo / matumbo [intestine / intestines / tripe]
mbatata [Irish potatoes]
biringani / biringanya [eggplant / eggplants]
mabiringani
saladi [salad]
brokoli [broccoli]
pasta [pasta]
pizza [pizza]
pipi [candy]
chokoleti [chocolate]
isikirimu [ice cream]
keki [cake]
mgando [yoghurt]
mchanganyiko [mixture]
supu [soup]
uyoga [mushroom]
uji [porridge]
muhogo / mihogo [cassava / cassavas]
viazi vikuu [sweet potatoes]
kaimati / kaimati [fritter / fritters]
pilau / pilau [pilaf / pilafs]
sambusa / sambusa [samosa / samosas]
kande / pure [dish of mixed corn and beans]
ndizi / matoke [banana / plantain /
ndizi / matoke bananas / plantains]
kibanzi / vibanzi / [french fries]
chipsi
borohoa / kihembe [thick broth of cooked beans]
borohoa / vihembe

B). Spices [Viungo]

kiungo / viungo [spice / spices]
Bizari [curry powder]
Kitunguu [onion]
kitunguu saumu / [garlic / garlics]
vitunguu saumu
nyanya [tomatoes]
mafuta [oil]
chumvi [salt]
sukari [sugar]
pilipili [pepper]
iliki [cardamom]
mdalasini [cinnamon]
tangawizi [ginger]
magadi [baking soda / bicarbonate of soda]
lavani [vanilla]
giligilani [coriander seed]
mgiligilani /dhania [cilantro]
karafuu / karafuu [clove / cloves]

Zingatia [Note]
na [and]
pia [also; too]
lakini [but]
 Question Formation
Mifano:
1. Wewe unapenda kula chakula gani?
[What food do you like to eat?]
a). Mimi ninapenda kula ___. [I like to eat ___.]
b). Mimi sipendi ___. [I do not like ___.]

2. Wewe unapenda chakula gani?

[What food do you like?]
a). Mimi ninapenda ___. [I like ___.]
b). Mimi sipendi ___. [I do not like ___.]

3. Wewe unapenda kununua chakula gani?

[What food do you like to buy?]
a). Mimi ninapenda kununua ___. [I like to buy ___.]
b). Mimi sipendi ___. [I do not like ___.]

4. Wewe unapenda kupika chakula gani?

[What food do you like to cook?]
a). Mimi ninapenda kupika ___. [I like to cook ___.]
b). Mimi sipendi kupika ___. [I do not like to cook ___.]

5. Wewe hupendi chakula gani?

[What food don’t you like?]