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Finite Series

The document discusses finite series, providing definitions and examples of calculating sums of sequences. It includes specific examples for finding S6 and S5 for given sequences, as well as the use of summation notation. Additionally, it demonstrates how to express series in summation notation with examples.

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60 views30 pages

Finite Series

The document discusses finite series, providing definitions and examples of calculating sums of sequences. It includes specific examples for finding S6 and S5 for given sequences, as well as the use of summation notation. Additionally, it demonstrates how to express series in summation notation with examples.

Uploaded by

jacquilyntungpalanbackup
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Finite Series

The sum of the terms of a finite


sequence is called Finite Series
and is denoted by
Sn = a1+ a2 +a3+ ...+an
Examples
1. Find S6 , where an  20  5n
1. Find S6 , where an  20  5n
Solutions: Let n = {1,2,3,4,5,6}

If n = 1 If n = 2 If n = 3
𝑎𝑛 = 20 − 5𝑛 𝑎𝑛 = 20 − 5𝑛 𝑎𝑛 = 20 − 5𝑛
𝑎1 = 20 − 5(1) 𝑎2 = 20 − 5(2) 𝑎3 = 20 − 5(3)
𝑎1 = 20 − 5 𝑎2 = 20 − 10 𝑎3 = 20 − 15

𝑎1 = 15 𝑎2 = 10 𝑎3 = 5
1. Find S6 , where an  20  5n
Solutions: Let n = {1,2,3,4,5,6}

If n = 4 If n = 5 If n = 6
𝑎𝑛 = 20 − 5𝑛 𝑎𝑛 = 20 − 5𝑛 𝑎𝑛 = 20 − 5𝑛
𝑎4 = 20 − 5(4) 𝑎5 = 20 − 5(5) 𝑎6 = 20 − 5(6)
𝑎4 = 20 − 20 𝑎5 = 20 − 25 𝑎6 = 20 − 30

𝑎4 = 0 𝑎5 = −5 𝑎6 = −10
𝑆6 = 15 + 10 + 5 + 0 + (−5) + (−10)

∴ 𝑆6 = 𝟏𝟓
2. Find S5 , where an   2  n
n 2
2. Find S5 , where an   2  n 2
n

Solutions: Let n = {1,2,3,4,5,}

If n = 1 If n = 2 If n = 3
𝑛
𝑎𝑛 = (−2) 𝑛² 𝑛
𝑎𝑛 = (−2) 𝑛² 𝑎𝑛 = (−2)𝑛 𝑛²
1
𝑎1 = (−2) (1)² 2
𝑎2 = (−2) (2)² 𝑎3 = (−2)3 (3)²
𝑎1 = (−2) (1) 𝑎2 = (4) (4) 𝑎3 = (−8) (9)

𝑎1 = −2 𝑎2 = 16 𝑎3 = −72
2. Find S5 , where an   2  n 2
n

Solutions: Let n = {1,2,3,4,5,}

If n = 4 If n = 5
𝑎𝑛 = (−2)𝑛 𝑛² 𝑎𝑛 = (−2)𝑛 𝑛²
𝑎4 = (−2)4 (4)² 𝑎5 = (−2)5 (5)²
𝑎4 = (16) (16) 𝑎5 = (−32) (25)
𝑎4 = 256 𝑎5 = −800
𝑆5 = −2 + 16 + (−72) + 256 + (−800)

∴ 𝑆5 = −𝟔𝟎𝟐
To describe the sum of the
terms of a sequence, we use
the summation notation.
Greek letter sigma
used to indicate a sum
n

a
i 1
i  a1  a2  a3  ...  an

i - index of summation
n - upper limit of the summation
1 - lower limit of the summation
n

 i 1 2 3
a 
i 1
a  a  a  ...  a n

Read as
"the sum from i = 1 to n of ai "
Examples
Evaluate
7
2
෍ 𝑛 −2
𝑛=1
Solutions: Let n = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7}

If n = 1 If n = 2 If n = 3
2
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑛 − 2 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑛2 − 2 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑛2 − 2
2
𝑎1 = 1 − 2 𝑎2 = 22 − 2 𝑎3 = 32 − 2
𝑎1 = 1 − 2 𝑎2 = 4 − 2 𝑎3 = 9 − 2

𝑎1 = −1 𝑎2 = 2 𝑎3 = 7
If n = 4 If n = 5 If n = 6 If n = 7
2
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑛 − 2 2
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑛 − 2
2
𝑎𝑛 = 𝑛 − 2 𝑎𝑛 = 𝑛 2 − 2

𝑎4 = 42 − 2 2 2
𝑎5 = 5 − 2 𝑎6 = 6 − 2 𝑎7 = 72 − 2
𝑎4 = 16 − 2 𝑎5 = 25 − 2 𝑎6 = 36 − 2 𝑎7 = 49 − 2

𝑎4 = 14 𝑎5 = 23 𝑎6 = 34 𝑎7 = 47
Answer:
= −1 + 2 + 7 + 14 + 23 + 34 + 47

7
2
෍ (𝑛 −2) = 126
𝑛=1
More Examples.
Evaluate each.
5
1.  3n  1
n2
More Examples.
Evaluate each.
5
2
2. ෍ (4𝑛 )
𝑛=3
More Examples.
Evaluate each.
4
3.   2k  2 
k 1
5
Answers:
1. ෍ (3𝑛 + 1) = 46
𝑛=2
5
2
2. ෍ (4𝑛 ) = 200
𝑛=3
4

3. ෍ (2𝑘 − 2) = 12
𝑘=1
Writing the Given Series
in
Summation Notation
Examples
Write the given related series in
summation notation. Use n = 1

1. 1+6+11+16+21+26
Substitute n = 1 and an = 1 to the given general
equation an = an + b to get the value of b.
Solution
Formula:
an = an + b 1 = 5(1) + b General
term:
 If d = 5, 1=5+b
an = 5n -4
then a = 5 1–5= b
-4 = b
Answer:

 (5
n 1
n  4)
B. Write the given related series in
summation notation. Use i = 1.

2. 2+6+10+14+18+22
Substitute n = 1 and an = 2 to the given general
equation an = an + b to get the value of b.
Formula: Solution
an = an + b General
2 = 4(1) + b term:
 If d = 4, 2=4+b an = 4n -2
then a = 4 2–4= b
-2 = b
Answer:

෍ 4𝑛 − 2
𝑖=1

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