Mathematics – I B

Practice Questions for IPE

Long Answer Question:

STRAIGHT LINES
1. Find the circumcentre of the triangle with the vertices (-2, 3), (2, -1) and (4, 0).
2. Find the circumcentre of the triangle whose vertices are (1, 3), (0, -2) and (-3, 1).
3. Find the orthocentre of the triangle with the vertices (-2, -1), (6, -1) and (2, 5).
4. Find the orthocentre of the triangle with the vertices (-5, -7), (13, 2) and (-5, 6).
5. Find the circumcenter of the triangle whose vertices are (1, 3), (-3, 5) and (5, 1).
6. Find the orthocentre of the triangle with the vertices (5, -2) (-1, 2) and (1, 4)
7. Find the circumcenter of the triangle whose sides are
3x  y  5  0, x  2 y  4  0 and 5x  3 y  1  0 .
8. Find the circumcenter of the triangle whose sides are
x  2 y  2  0,5x  y  2  0, and x  2 y  5  0.
9. Find the orthocentre of the triangle formed by the lines
x  2 y  0, 4 x  3 y  5  0 and 3x  y  0.
10. If the equations of the sides of a triangle are 7 x  y  10  0, x  2 y  5  0 and
x  y  2  0. Find the orthocentre of the triangle.
11. If Q(h, k) is the image of the point P( x1 , y1 ) w.r.t. the straight line ax  by  c  0.
Then (h  x1 ) : a  (k  y1 ) : b  2(ax1  by1  c) : a 2  b2 (or)
h  x1 k  y1 2(ax1  by1  c)
  . and find the image of (1, -2) w.r.t. the straight
a b a 2  b2
line 2 x  3 y  5  0 .
12. If Q(h, k) is the foot of the perpendicular from P( x1 , y1 ) on the line
ax  by  c  0. Then prove that (h  x1 ) : a  (k  y1 ) : b  (ax1  by1  c) : a 2  b2 (or)
h  x1 k  y1 (ax1  by1  c)
  . Also find the foot of the perpendicular from
a b a 2  b2
(-1,3) on the line 5x  y  18  0
13. If p and q are the lengths of the perpendiculars from the origin to the straight
lines x sec  y cos ec  a and x cos   y sin   a cos 2 , prove that
4 p2  q2  a2
14. Find the equations of the straight lines passing through the point of intersection
of the lines 3x  2 y  4  0, 2 x  5 y  1 and whose distance from (2, -1) is 2.
15. Find the equation of the straight lines passing through (1, 2) and making an
angle of 60° with the line 3x  y  2  0.
 PAIR OF STRAIGHTLINES

1. Find the values of k, if the lines joining the origin to the points of intersection of
the curve 2 x2  2 xy  3 y 2  2 x  y  1  0 and the line x  2 y  k are mutually
perpendicular.
2. Find the angle between the lines joining the origin to the points of intersection
of the curve x2  2 xy  y 2  2 x  2 y  5  0 and 3x  y  1  0.
3. Show that the lines joining the origin to the points of intersection of the curve
x2  xy  y 2  3x  3 y  2  0 and the line x  y  2  0 are mutually
perpendicular.
4. Find the condition for the lines joining the origin to the points of intersection of
the circle x 2  y 2  a 2 and the line lx  my  1 to coincide.
5. Find the condition for the chord lx  my  1  0 of the circle x 2  y 2  a 2 (whose
center is the origin) to subtend a right angle at the origin.
6. Let the equation ax2  2hxy  by 2  0 represents a pair of straight lines. Then the
ab
angle θ between the lines is given by cos   .
( a  b ) 2  4h 2
7. Show that the product of the perpendicular distances from a point (∝, β) to the
a 2  2h  b 2
pair of straight lines ax  2hxy  by  0 is
2 2

( a  b) 2  4 h 2
8. If the equation ax2  2hxy  by 2  0 represents a pair of distinct (i.e.,
intersecting) lines, then the combined equation of the pair of bisectors of the
angles between these lines is h( x2  y 2 )  (a  b) xy
9. Show that the area of the triangle formed by the lines ax2  2hxy  by 2  0 and

n 2 h 2  ab
lx  my  n  0 is sq. units.
am2  2hlm  bl 2

10. If the equation S  ax2  2hxy  by 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 represents a pair of

parallel straight lines, then show that (i)h2  ab , (ii)af 2  bg 2 and (iii) the

g 2  ac f 2  bc
distance between the parallel lines is 2 2 .
a ( a  b) b( a  b)
11. If the second degree equation S  ax2  2hxy  by 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 in two
variables x and represents a pair of straight lines , then
i) abc  2 fgh  af 2  bg 2  ch2  0 and ii) h2  ab, g 2  ac and f 2  bc
12. Find the centroid and area of the triangle formed by the lines
12 x2  20 xy  7 y 2  0 and 2 x  3 y  4  0.
13. Find the angle between the straight lines joining the origin to the points of
intersection of the curve 7 x2  4 xy  8 y 2  2 x  4 y  8  0 with the straight line
3x  y  2
14. If the equation  x2  10 xy  12 y 2  5x  16 y  3  0 represents a pair of straight
lines then find 
15. Show that the equation 2 x2  13xy  7 y 2  x  23 y  6  0 represents a pair of
straight lines. Also find the angle between them and the coordinates of the
point of intersection of the lines.
16. Show that the lines represented by (lx  my)2  3(mx  ly)2  0 and
n2
lx  my  n  0 forms an equilateral triangle with area square units.
3(l 2  m2 )

17. Show that the pairs of straight lines 6 x2  5xy  6 y 2  0 and

6 x2  5xy  6 y 2  x  5 y  1  0 forms a square

18. Show that the product of the perpendicular distances from the origin to the
pair of straight lines represented by ax  2hxy  by  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 is
2 2

c
( a  b) 2  4h 2
Short Answer Questions:
LOCUS
1. A(1, 2), B(2, -3) and C (-2, 3) are three points. A point ‘P’ moves such that
PA2  PB2  2PC 2 . Show that the equation to the locus of P is 7 x  7 y  4  0.
2. Find the equation of locus of P, if the ratio of the distance from P to (5, -4) and
(7, 6) is 2 : 3.
3. A (5, 3) and B (3, -2) are two fixed points. Find the equation of locus of P, so
that the area of triangle PAB is 9 sq. units.
4. A (2, 3) and B (-3, 4) are two given points. Find the equation of locus of P so
that the area of ∆PAB is 8.5 sq. units.
5. Find the equation of locus of a point, the difference of whose distances from
(-5, 0) and (5, 0) is 8.
6. Find the equation of locus of P, if A = (2, 3), B = (2, -3) and PA + PB = 8.
7. Find the equation of locus of P, if the line segment joining (2, 3) and (-1, 5)
subtends a right angle at P.
8. The ends of the hypotenuse of right angled triangle are (0, 6) and (6, 0). Find
the equation of locus of its third vertex.
9. Find the equation of the locus of a point P such that the distance of P from the
origin is twice the distance of P from A(1, 2).
10. Find the equation of locus of P, if A = (4, 0), B = (-4, 0) and PA  PB  4.

11. Find the locus of the third vertex of right angle triangle, the ends of whose
hypotenuse are (4, 0) and (0, 4)
12. Find the equation of locus of a point, the sum of whose distances from (0, 2)
and (0, -2) is 6 units.
13. If the distance from P to the points (2, 3), (2, -3) are in the ration 2 : 3 then find
the equation of locus of P.

TRANSFORMATON OF AXES
1. When the origin is shifted to the point (2, 3), the transformed equation of a
curve is x2  3xy  2 y 2  17 x  7 y  11  0. Find the original equation of the
curve.

2. When the axes are rotated through an angle , find the transformed equation
4
of 3x2  10 xy  3 y 2  9.

3. When the axes are rotated through an angle , find the transformed equation
6
of x2  2 3xy  y 2  2a 2 .
4. When the axes are rotated through an angle 45°, the transformed equation of a
curve is 17 x2  16 xy  17 y 2  225. Find the original equation of the curve.
 1  2h 
5. Show that the axes to be rotated through an angle of Tan1   so as to
2 ab
remove the xy term from the equation ax2  2hxy  by 2  0, if a ≠ b and through

the angle , if a = b.
4
6. When the axes are rotated through an angle ∝, find the transformed equation of
x cos   y sin   p.
7. When the origin is shifted to (-1, 2) by the translation of axes, find the
transformed equation of x2  y 2  2 x  4 y  1  0.
8. When the origin is shifted to the point (-1, 2), the transformed equation of a
curve is 2 x2  y 2  4 x  4 y  0. Find original equation
9. When the origin is shifted to the point (3, 4) and transformed equation is
x 2  y 2  4. Find the original equation.

Very Short Answers Questions:

STRAIGHT LINES

1. Find the condition for the points (a, 0), (h, k) and (0, b) Where ab  0 to be
collinear.
2. Transform the equation into normal form.
i) x  y  1  0
ii) x y2  0
3. If the area of the triangle formed by the straight lines x=0, y=0 and 3x  4 y  a
(a > 0) is 6. Find the value of ‘a’.
4. Find the equation of the straight line passing through (-4, 5) and cutting off equal
nonzero intercepts on the coordinate axes.
5. Find the equation of the straight line passing through the point (3, -4) and
making X and Y intercepts which are in the ratio 2 : 3.
6. Find the equation of the straight line passing through the points (at12 , 2at1 ) and
(at22 , 2at2 )
7. Find the distance between the parallel straight lines 5x - 3y – 4 = 0, 10x - 6y – 9 =0.
8. Find the equation of the straight line passing through the point (5, 4) and parallel
to the line 2x+3y+7=0.
9. Find the value of y, if the line joining (3, y) and (2, 7) is parallel to the line joining
the points (-1, 4) and (0, 6).
10. Find the value of p, if the straight lines 3x+7y-1=0 and 7x-py+3=0 are mutually
perpendicular.
11. Find the equation of the straight line passing through (2, 3) and making non-zero
intercepts on the co-ordinate axes whose sum is zero.
12. Find the equation of the straight line passing through (-2, 4) and making non-
zero intercepts on the co-ordinate axes whose sum is zero.
13. Find the equation of the straight line passing through the origin and making
equal angles with the co-ordinate axes.
14. Find the value of p, if the straight lines x + p = 0, y + 2 = 0, 3x + 2y + 5 = 0 are
concurrent.
15. If 2x – 3y - 5 = 0 is the perpendicular bisector of the line segment joining (3,-4)
and (  ,  ), find    .
16. Find the value of k, if the straight lines y  3kx  4  0 and
(2k  x) x  (8k 1) y  6  0 perpendicular.
x y x y
17. If  is the angle between the lines   1,   1 then find the value of sin 
a b b a
(a>b)
18. Find the ratio in which the straight line 2 x  3 y  5 divides the join of the points
(0, 0) and (-2, 1).
19. Find the value of ‘P’ if the lines 4 x  3 y  7  0, 2 x  py  2  0 and 6 x  5 y  1  0 are
concurrent.
20. Find the area of the triangle formed by the straight line 3x  4 y  12  0 with the
coordinate axes.
21. Find the equation of the straight line perpendicular to the line 5x  3 y  1  0
passing through the point (4, -3).
22. Find the perpendicular distance from the point (3, 4) to the straight line
3x  4 y  10  0 .
23. Find the slopes of the lines x+y = 0 and x-y = 0.
24. Find the value of x if the slope of the line passing through (2, 5) and (x, 3) is 2.
25. Find the sum of the squares of the intercepts of the line 4 x  3 y  12 on the axis of
co-ordinates.
26. Find the angle which the straight line y  3  4 makes with the axis.
27. Find the distance between the parallel straight lines 3x  4 y  3  0 and
6x  8 y 1  0 .

3D GEOMETRY
1. Find the centroid of the triangle whose vertices are (5, 4, 6), (1,-1,3) and (4,3,2).
2. Find the coordinates of the vertex ‘C’ of ABC if its centroid is the origin and the
vertices A, B are (1, 1, 1) and (-2, 4, 1) respectively.
3. If (3, 2, -1), (4,1,1) and (6,2,5) are three vertices and (4,2,2) is the centroid of a
tetrahedron, find the fourth vertex.
4. Show that the points A(1, 2, 3), B (7, 0, 1), C (-2, 3, 4) are collinear.
5. Find the ratio in which YZ- plane divides the joining A (2, 4, 5) and B (3, 5, -4).
Also find the point of intersection.
6. Find the fourth vertex of the parallelogram whose consecutive vertices are
(2, 4, -1), (3, 6, -1) and (4, 5, 1).
7. Find X, if the distance between (5,-1, 7) and (x, 5, 1) is 9 units.
8. Show that the point (1, 2, 3), (2, 3, 1) and (3, 1, 2) form an equilateral triangle.
9. Find the ratio in which XZ plane divides the lines joining A (-2, 3, 4) and
B (1, 2, 3).
10. Show that the points A (-4, 9, 6), B (-1, 6, 6) and C (0, 7, 10) from a right-angled
isosceles triangle.
11. Find the ratio in which the point P (5, 4,-6) divides the line segment joining the
points A (3, 2, -4) and B (9, 8, -10). Also, find the harmonic conjugate of P.