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*3–8.
If cable CB is subjected to a tension that is twice that of
cable CA, determine the angle u for equilibrium of the 10-kg A B
cylinder. Also, what are the tensions in wires CA and CB?
30° u
C

SOLUTION
Equations of Equilibrium: Applying the equations of equilibrium along the x and
y axes,
+ ©F = 0;
: FCB cos u - FCA cos 30° = 0 (1)
x

+ c ©Fy = 0; FCB sin u + FCA sin 30° - 10(9.81) = 0 (2)

However, it is required that

FCB = 2FCA (3)

Solving Eqs. (1), (2), and (3), yields

u = 64.3° FCB = 85.2 N FCA = 42.6 N Ans.

Ans:
u = 64.3°
FCB = 85.2 N
FCA = 42.6 N

170
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3–9. Determine the force in each cable and the force F

needed to hold the 4-kg lamp in the position shown. Hint: A
First analyze the equilibrium at B; then, using the result for
the force in BC, analyze the equilibrium at C.

D
60
B
30

30 C 30
SOLUTION
Initial guesses: F

TBC 1N TBA 2N

Given
At B:
"
# $F x = 0; TBC cos % ! 1 & ' TBA cos % ! 2 & 0

" TBA sin % ! 2 & ' TBC sin % ! 1 & ' M g

( $Fy = 0; 0

M 4 kg

!1 30°

!2 60°

!3 30°

) TBC , ) TBC , ) 39.24 ,

* - Find % TBC / TBA& * - * -N Ans.
+ TBA . + TBA . + 67.97 .

At C: TCD 1N F 2N

Given

" 'TBC cos % ! 1 & " TCD cos % ! 3 &

# $F x = 0;
0

" TBC sin % ! 1 & " TCD sin % ! 3 & ' F

( $Fy = 0; 0

) TCD , ) TCD , ) 39.24 ,

* - Find % TCD / F & * - * -N Ans.
+ F . + F . + 39.24 .
Ans.
T BC = 39.24 N
T BA = 67.97 N
TCD = 39.24 N
F = 39.24 N

171
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3–18.

The springs BA and BC each have a stiffness of 500 N>m and an

unstretched length of 3 m. Determine the displacement d of the A
cord from the wall when a force F = 175 N is applied to the cord.
k 500 N/m

B
6m
F

SOLUTION k 500 N/m

+ ©F = 0;
: 175 = 2T sin u
x
C
T sin u = 87.5 d

TC S = 87.5
d
23 + d 2
2

T = ks = 500( 232 + d 2 - 3)

d a1 -
3
b = 0.175
29 + d2
By trial and error: 175 N
d = 1.56 m Ans.

Ans:
d = 1.56 m

180
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*3–20. If the tension developed in each of the four wires is

not allowed to exceed 600 N, determine the maximum mass A
of the chandelier that can be supported.
308
C
B 458 308

SOLUTION
Equations of Equilibrium: First, we will apply the equations of equilibrium along
the x and y axes to the free-body diagram of joint D shown in Fig. (a).
+
S ΣFx = 0; FCD cos 30° - FBD cos 45° = 0 (1)
+ c ΣFy = 0; FCD sin 30° + FBD sin 45° - m(9.81) = 0 (2)

Solving Eqs. (1) and (2), yields

FCD = 7.1841m FBD = 8.7954m
Using the result FBD = 8.7954 m and applying the equations of equilibrium along the
x and y axes to the free-body diagram of joint B shown in Fig. (b),

+ c ΣFy = 0; FAB sin 30° - 8.7954m sin 45° = 0

FAB = 12.4386m
+
S ΣFx = 0; FBC + 8.7954m cos 45° - 12.4386m cos 30° = 0

FBC = 4.5528m
From this result, notice that cable AB is subjected to the greatest tensile force. Thus,
it will achieve the maximum allowable tensile force first.

FAB = 600 = 12.4386m

m = 48.2 kg Ans.

Ans:
m = 48.2 kg

182
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3–34.

The 30-kg pipe is supported at A by a system of five cords.

Determine the force in each cord for equilibrium. D
5
3
4
C
B

60°
A E

H
SOLUTION
At H:
+ c ΣFy = 0; THA - 30(9.81) = 0

THA = 294 N Ans.

At A:
+ c ΣFy = 0; TAB sin 60° - 30(9.81) = 0

TAB = 339.83 = 340 N Ans.

+ ΣFx = 0;
S TAE - 339.83 cos 60° = 0

TAE = 170 N Ans.

At B:
TBD a b - 339.83 sin 60° = 0
3
+ c ΣFy = 0;
5

TBD = 490.50 = 490 N Ans.

490.50 a b + 339.83 cos 60° - TBC = 0

+ ΣFx = 0; 4
S
5

TBC = 562 N Ans.

Ans:
THA = 294 N
TAB = 340 N
TAE = 170 N
TBD = 490 N
TBC = 562 N

196
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3–41.

The ball D has a mass of 20 kg. If a force of F = 100 N is

applied horizontally to the ring at A, determine the largest
dimension d so that the force in cable AC is zero. B

1.5 m

d
SOLUTION
A
Equations of Equilibrium: F
2m
+
: ©Fx = 0; 100 - FAB cos u = 0 FAB cos u = 100 (1)
D
+ c ©Fy = 0; FAB sin u - 196.2 = 0 FAB sin u = 196.2 (2)

Solving Eqs. (1) and (2) yields

u = 62.99° FAB = 220.21 N

From the geometry,

d + 1.5 = 2 tan 62.99°

d = 2.42 m Ans.

Ans:
d = 2.42 m

203
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3- 51. z

If each one of the ropes will break when it is subjected to a F

tensile force of 450 N, determine the maximum uplift force
F the balloon can have before one of the ropes breaks.

A
6m

1.5 m

2m
SOLUTION B
C 2m
D
Force Vectors: We can express each of the forces on the free-body diagram shown in 3m
Fig. a in Cartesian vector form as y
2.5 m
x

FAB = FAB C S = -
(-1.5 - 0)i + (-2 - 0)j + ( -6 - 0)k 3 4 12
F i- F j - F k
2(-1.5 - 0) + (-2 - 0) + (-6 - 0)
2 2 2 13 AB 13 AB 13 AB

FAC = FAC C S =
(2 - 0)i + ( -3 - 0)j + ( -6 - 0)k 2 3 6
FAC i - FAC j - FAC k
2(2 - 0) + (- 3 - 0) + (-6 - 0)
2 2 2 7 7 7

FAD = FAD C S =
(0 - 0)i + (2.5 - 0)j + (-6 - 0)k 5 12
F j - F k
2(0 - 0)2 + (2.5 - 0)2 + (-6 - 0)2 13 AD 13 AD

F=Fk

Equations of Equilibrium: Equilibrium requires

gF = 0; FAB + FAC + FAD + F = 0

¢- F k ≤ + ¢ FAC i - FAC j - FAC k ≤ + ¢ FAD j - F k ≤ + Fk = 0

3 4 12 2 3 6 5 12
F i - F j -
13 AB 13 AB 13 AB 7 7 7 13 13 AD

¢- FAB + FAC ≤ i + ¢ - FAD ≤ j + ¢ - FAD + F ≤ k = 0

3 2 4 3 5 12 6 12
FAB - FAC + FAB - FAC -
13 7 13 7 13 13 7 13

Equating the i, j, and k components yields

3 2
- F + FAC = 0 (1)
13 AB 7
4 3 5
- F - FAC + F = 0 (2)
13 AB 7 13 AD
12 6 12
- F - FAC - F + F = 0 (3)
13 AB 7 13 AD

Assume that cord AD will break first. Substituting FAD = 450 N into Eqs. (2) and (3)
and solving Eqs. (1) through (3), yields

FAB = 264.71 N
FAC = 213.8 N
F = 842.99 N = 843 N Ans.

Since FAC = 213.8 N 6 450 N and FAB = 264.71 N 6 450 N, our assumption is
correct.

213
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3–53.

Determine the stretch in each of the two springs required to z

hold the 20-kg crate in the equilibrium position shown. C
Each spring has an unstretched length of 2 m and a stiffness
of k = 360 N>m.

B
A
12 m
O
SOLUTION
y
x 4m 6m
Cartesian Vector Notation:

FOC = FOC ¢ ≤ = FOCi + FOCj + FOCk

6i + 4j + 12k 3 2 6
26 + 4 + 12
2 2 2 7 7 7

FOA = -FOA j FOB = -FOB i

F = { -196.2k} N

Equations of Equilibrium:

©F = 0; FOC + FOA + FOB + F = 0

a FOC - FOB bi + a FOC - FOA bj + a FOC - 196.2bk = 0

3 2 6
7 7 7

Equating i, j, and k components, we have

3
F - FOB = 0 (1)
7 OC

2
F - FOA = 0 (2)
7 OC

6
FOC - 196.2 = 0 (3)
7

Solving Eqs. (1),(2) and (3) yields

FOC = 228.9 N FOB = 98.1 N FOA = 65.4 N

F
Spring Elongation: Using spring formula, Eq. 3–2, the spring elongation is s = .
k

98.1
sOB = = 0.327 m = 327 mm Ans.
300

65.4
sOA = = 0.218 m = 218 mm Ans.
300

Ans:
sOB = 327 mm
sOA = 218 mm

215