Back i Full Maris Pass Marks TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Examination Contre} Division 2068 Jestha cequired to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. Y Atcempt All questions. ¥ All questions carry equal marks. Y Assume suitable data if necessary. 1. What is dielectric heating? How is it different from induction heating? State the applications of dielectric heating. 4.5 KW, 200V, single-phase resistance oven has niclrome wire heating elements. If the wire temperature is to be 1000°C and that of the material is 500°C, estimate the diameter and length of the wire. The resistivity of nichrome alloy is 42.5 4Q-cm. Assume the radiating efficiency and emissivity of the element is 1 and 0.9 respectively. 3. Explain, why electric drive is preferred over mechanical drive? Also justify that individual drive is better than group drive. 4. ow does the low power factor affect the rating of the transforme:s, cables‘in distribution system of an industry? 5. Explain the various types of electric wiring system. Compare them on the basis of cost, life, maintenance and protection against mechanical injury, fire and moisture. 6. What are the different types of fuse? Why is a fuse inserted in the phase wire, not in the neutral wire? Why are HRC fuses used? 7. Explain the factors governing the amount of illumination at particular place and necessary points to be kept in mind for executing lighting schemes. 8, ‘Expiain methods of charging of lead acid battery. A 3-phase 15 hp, 400V, 50 Hz induction motor is to be installed in a workshop. Assuming the efficiency of the motor to be 85% and power factor 0.8, calculate the size of the unarmoured copper cabie to he used if the distance berween SDB and motor is 79m. « nerators and sq mun |Current rating of | | o7 [3.5 core Cu. cable | a 270 (Conductor ar T 7 meme [13 [2s | a) | 16 | 25 | 35 | 50 T | 9. Expiain energy conservation opportunities in electrical system and equipments. 10. What are various methods employed for building heating System using electric enerzy? ond‘on Control Division | 2068 Magh are required to give their answers in their own words as far as Attempt All questions. The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks Assume suitable data if necessary. Waite a detailed note on the construction, operation and use of SP, DP and TP miniature circuit breakers. How the size of cable is chosen for section of electrical installation. Workout the size and length of nichrome wire required for a furnace of 15kW capacity °C, temperature of charge operating at 220V. Assume working temperaturé of wire 1900 e 600°C, 1 iciency as 0.6 and emissivity as 0.9 and resistivity of nichrome aS jating effi 1,016 x 10%O-m, With necessary sketch and circuit diagram, explain vapour compression refrigeration eycle and show how cooling effect is produced? 4) State various types of lighting schemes and also mention their suitable applications. b) Calculate the number of luminaries for the process room in an industry. The size of room is 40m x 20m illuminated by twin 40 Watt fluorescent lamp. The efficiency of lamp is 60 lumen/watt and distance between working plane and mounting height of Juminaries is 3m and coefficient of utilization and depreciation factor are 0.75 and 1.2 respectively. Draw neat sketch showing the arrangement of lamps. sub-circuit and switches. Design the distribution board to supply lighting loads, if the supply system is 3 phase, 400V and 50Hz. ‘An industry has a lighting load of 100kW as: a) 60kW of 40W fluorescent lamp each with copper ballast b) 40KW of incandescent Jamp with 200W each The lights are at present being used for 3500 hrs/year. Following an energy survey, the plant has decided to change all copper ballast to electronic ballast and ail incandescent lamp to fluorescent lamp with electronic ballast. The energy awareness program is expected to result in 10% reduction in lighting hours. Calculate the energy’ and cost saving considering the following factors: ” a) The price of electricity is Rs. 7.50/ kWh ) The power consumption of copper ballast and electronic ballast are and | respectively 2) The cost of electronic ballast is Rs, 500,00/pice 4. The cost of FTL fixture is Rs. 900.00 per set with electronic ballast ent lamp are 8000 hrs and 1000 hrs The lamp life of fluorescent lamp and incande ._ respectively. What are the methods commonly adopted for charging a lead acid bate single phase source. What are the principle components of charger of the above type? from an A.C. Explain the importance of load scheduling in an industry. Discuss the bus arzan system in an industry and expiain with reason which system is more reliabie. Define and elaborate with suitable example, “Connected load”, “Maxim * “Demand factor” and “Load factor” (31 (8] [8] (8] [4] (12) [8]bp _and watt-hour efficiency in this pa 1 w camination Con EX 2068 Bkadra off current Way the HRC fuses are surrounded by quartz sand? Explain cut tics of HRC fuse and state the advantages of HRC fuse over Kit-Kat fuse chara ‘What is the main objective of an equipment earthing? Explain in brief the various factors (8) affecting the earth resistance. “What is an electric drive? Discuss various factors which affect the s perticular electric drive. OKW, 3 phase, 400V resistance furnace is to employ nickel-chrome strip 0.25em thick jor the 3 phase star connected heating elements. If the strip temperature 18 1100°C and that of charge is to 700°C, calculate length and width of the strip per paase. The radianng efficiency is 0.6 and emissivity is 0.9. The specific resistance of the micron alloy “s .e a) Explain point to point method of lighting calculation. ») A department store 30m x1Sim is illuminated by twin 40W Auorescent Iuminaries of Sutput 4800 lumens. The lamp being mounted at height of 3m from the work place, the average illumination requized is 200!x. Calealate the mumber of luminaniss required to be fitted in the department store, assuming the coefficient of utilization to design distribution board and layout the election of motor for a 2x10Om. State any essumption made. {3} tl be 0.8 and maintenance factor to be 0.8, Also lamps, switehes and sub-circuit. If the supply system is 3-phase, 400V, 50H 12] |A factory takes an average load of 1020KVA at 0.6# pif. (Iag) from the 160°kY aunsiommer, The no-load loss and full load loss of 2 transformer are 24k and Tespectively. If the unit cost of capacitor bank per KVAR is Rs: $00 00, max!mum of energy is Rs. 7:50. Cal (31 demand charge is Rs. 190;00 per kVA and unit charge a) kVAR required to improve p. in ip Joss is transform at-a steady current 0! estore it to, its. ariginal-state. of char oltage.beinig required, ine method of electric load calculation in an industry ex Zuctor in an electrical power system and disc whe causes of poor BOW{STITUTE OF ENG! D Lev ination Control Division | Pr 2969 Bhadra He Subject: - Jndustrial Distribution and TIlumination (EE653)_ racticable. Candidates are required to give their answers in ‘their own words as far as PI v v Attempt All questions. Y Tre figures in the margin indicate Full Marks, Y Assume suitable dara if necessary. 1-2) Calculate the size ofthe earth electrode for plate earthing system, if the soil resistivity 5 602. 4 ‘and required earth resistance is 80." 4 1» What is stoboscopic effect? How can i be sxinimized? : ee +). Stare the classification of cables and discuss the general construction features of 3/core armoured cable. 5 Af industrial ‘consumer takes steady Toad of 200 kW pat of 0.707 lagging. He is charged month.The cost of power *Rs,10/- per kWh and Rs, 200/- per kVA‘ ‘switching device is Rs. 1200/- per kVA. \f at which consumer should take power for min according to two part tariff factor correcting equipment with ) What will be the optimum P. over all exoenditure b) What will be the capacity of the p. £00 6) « The annual energy bill fe takes power for 16 hour daily for 35) days in a year. 44 What is elecrc load centre? In an industry, substation supplies power for few blocks. Block-1 Feng ta of machines with rating of 7OkW, 90KW, 20KW, SOKW, 1OKW and 2OKW respectively, ae oe siruns demand of block-1 is 200kW. Block-2 has 5 no, of machines of 60kW, 40kW, 8 ZORW, 7OKeW and 30kW and maximum demand of block-2 is 160KW. Block-Sand4 has setjnium demand of 1SOKW and 200kW respectively, Determine demand factor of block-land2. ihe maximum demand of substation is 600KW, find the diversity factor of te substation. 5 What are the power and light sub circuits in an slectification of building? Determine the size ot cable used ftom MDB ta SDB; and SDBs, ifthe tral power on SDB, and SDB, 27250 kW and GOKW, respectively. The distance between MDB toSDB,.and SDB, are ‘60m and 100m _ respéctively.”‘The supply system is 3phase 4wire system with 400V, 50H2. 8 Current ratings of 35 core copper conductor cable fr lid in ground are given below. [Area in sq. mm [73] 25] 47 6] Toy 16] 25] 35] 50] 70 [95 |120 [150] [Camrent rating (Amp) | 21 | 27| 31] 45] 60] 77) 991 120] 145] 175] 210 | 240 | 270] 6 Explain the general layout of an indoor-substation with single transformer in an industry. 8 7 A production room of a factory size of 27 m x 45 m is to be illuminated by twin fluorescent - ibe of 36W_ Inside the room an average illumination of 150 lumi is to be provided on the working plane, Tae walls and ceiling are brightly painted. Calculate the no. of luminaries required to be fied in the room, Draw single lin diagram showing arrangement of lumineries, 8 switches and distribution board, Decide the light sub-circuits and the supply is 3-phese 4 wire : nium annual recting equipment for maximum economy system. Assume suitable value for utilization and maintenance factor ‘and lamp efficiency is Fokum'wat : 8 List and explain briefly various types of light sources and explain the specular reflection prin: of sect ing system & 9 While designing the power and lighting system for_an industry, What factors Should be plein briefly each of hei. 8 10. State the difference between gency end back-up supply system for an industry. Explaii 7 8 ‘ON" and ‘OFF” line UPS. . . seek26 TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY = oe wv INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING ination Control Di 2070 Magh | Full Marke [80 Maris Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. Attempt All questions. All questions carry equal marks, Assume suitable data if necessary Explain the importance of earthing and write the point to be earthed in an industry. With the help of single line diagram, explain the distribution substation in an industry. Explain the general requirements and types of installation of factory lighting system. What is emergency supply system for industrial plant? Differentiate between Ah efficiency and Wh efficiency of battery. In an industry, there are 100 numbers of 1%36 watt fluorescent tubes and 200 numbers of 2x 36 watt fluorescent tubes with copper ballast. The p.f. with copper ballast is very poor and is below 0.5. Also, losses in that ballast are very high. Replacing the electronic ballast can avoid these two problems. By laboratory test conducted on 36W fluorescent tube followings are finding: (a) with cu. Ballast power consumed 44W and pif. is 0.56) with clectronic ballast power consumed 37 watt and p.f 0.9. Calculate the energy cost saving and payback period with electronic ballast: if operating hours are 8 hours/day and electronic ballast cost is NRs 300 per piece, energy tariff is: 6 AM - 6 PM, Rs.5.75 paisa 6 PM- 11 PM, Rs.6.55 paisa 11 PM - 6 PM, Rs.4.00 paisa And kVA charge per month Rs, 210.00 paisa Point out factors to be considered while determining the sizes of conductor. Explain construction features of 3.5 core armoured cable, ‘A drawing hall 4dm>25m6m height isto be illuminated with 2x36W fluorescent lamp 10 an average illumination of 90 Lm/m?2 on a working plane 1 m above the floor. Estimate suitable numbers, sizes of lamps. Mounting height Im below the celling. Sketch the Spacing layout. Assume: coefficient of utilization 0.8 depreciation factor 1.2, space height ratios 1.4 and the lamp efficiency is 60lumen/watt, State 10 factors to be considered while: a) Designing of flood lighting system b) Designing of street lighting system ¢) Selection of luminaries A factory has an average annual demand of 50 KW and an annual load factor of 0.5, The ower factor is 0.75 lagging, the tariff is Rs. I90/KVA/month and energy charge ig Rs.7.50 Kwh. If loss free capacitors costing Rs. 600/KVAR aze to be utilized, Find the Value of power facior at which maximum saving will result, Also determine the saving after improving p.f. and payback period. Explain: a)° Electric load centre b) Energy conservation program ©) Electrical installation in a factory 4) Connected load in an industry. ae fy260 TRIBHUVAN UY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING Examination Conirol Division 2070 Bhadra Candidates are required to give Attempt All questions. The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks. Assume suitable data if necessary. their answers in their own words as fa as practicable, 1. State the power supply system for industrial plan, Explain detail with necessary diagram one of them, RP Explain the types of cable normally used in an industrial plant and method of installation for above cable. we Explain the procedure for selection of rating of main panel board and distribution board with suitable example. 4. An illumination on the working plane of 75 lux is required in a room 40m x 15m in size. The luminaries aze required to be hung 4m above the work bench. Assuming a suitabic Space height ratio, a utilization factor of 0.8, a lamp efficiency of 60 lumen per watt and maintenance factor is 0.7. Estimate the number and disposition of lamp and switches. Design the sub-circuits, distribution board if supply sysiem is 3 phase 4 wire system and consider 1 x 36 watt FTL with electronic ballast. With an example, explain the procedure for street lighting scheme des: Explain different types of earthing system with neat diagram, Explain various types of battery charging system with sketch, PND State various types of sub-station. Draw single line diagram of 11 kV distribution sub- station. 9. Explain tae need of energy audit for an industry and energy audit technique. 10. Explain different types of lighting scheme used in an industry. tee [8] [8] [8] [8] [8] [8] (8] (8) [8]tolos D. INSTITUTE OF E! iGINEERING _| BE an Examination Control Division | Programme | ey [Level VFull Marks § 2071 Magh {Year t;- Industrial Power Distribution and Tihuminati Candidates are required to Attempt All questions. The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks, Assume suitable data if necessary. sive their answers in their own words as far as practicable. ~ With suitable example, explain the detail procedure for selection of MCCB and MCB for MDB and SDB in industrial electrification. What do you mean by starting, lighting and ignition and station battery in an industry? ‘What are the different methods of battery charging system? - a) What is the main objective of an equipment earthing? Explain various factors affecting the earth resistance. b) What is the coefficient of utilization and explain the factors should be considered while selecting the above. Explain the method calculating total electric load in an industry for selection of a transformer. A process room measuring 30 m x 15 m x 5 m is to be provided with illumination of 200 lux. Assuming the coefficient of utilization and maintenance factors are 0.8 and 0.7 respectively. Caloulate the number of luminaries for the process room in an industry, illuminated by twin 40 watt fluorescent lamps. The efficiency of lamp is 60 lum/watt and distance between working plane and mounting height of luminaries is 3 m. Draw a neat sketch showing the arrangement of lamps and switches with light sub-circuits, With an example, explain the various factors to be taken into account for designing schemes for flood lighting and street lighting system. Explain the voltage variation effect in efficiency for the following lamps: a) Incandescent filament lamps b) Compact fluorescent lamps ©) Fluorescent lamps d) LED lamps Explain the various systems of cable laying in underground distribution system in an industry. What is distribution substation? Classify the industrial substations with explanation, ). The p.f, of an industrial three-phase load of 490 kW is to be improved from 0.7 lagging to 0.97 lagging by connecting loss free delta connected capacitor across 6.6 kV, 50 Hz supply. The cost of KVAr controlling device with switching is NRs. 1200.00 per kVAr ‘Assume kVA demand charge is Rs. 200/kVA/Month, Calculate: a) the total kVAr required = b) the required value of capacitance ©) pay back period [8] (8) (4) [4] [8] {8] [8] (8] (8) (8) (8)( Amempt All questions, ___| Full Marks | [Pate Maria [32 Time The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks Assume suitable data if necessary. + a) What is electric load center? Explain the advantages of the electric load center in an industry. b) Describe the various types of wites or cables usually used in industrial building for power and lighting system, © Determine the size of cable used from MDB to SDB} and SDB2 for following conditions. The total power on the SDBI and SDB2 are 80 kW and 10 kW respectively. The distance between MDB to SDBI and SDB2 are 10 m and 100 m respectively. The supply system is 3 phase 4 wire system with 400 volts. Curent ratings of cu. Conductor for laid in ground is given: ‘Conductor area in ia 15 }25] 4 | 6 | 10] 16 | 25 | 35 | 50 | 70 | 95 | 120] 150 3.5 core cable 2 rentrating (Ay | 2! | 27 | 36 | 45 | 60 | 77 | 99 | 120] 145 | 175 | 210 | 240] 270 Why earthing resistance is kept low? State the methods for equipment earthing systems. Explain one of them. With the help of single line diagram, explain 11 kV to end use of an industry. } Classify and explain briefly the distribution sub-stations in an industry, according to service and design, List and explain briefly various types of lighting sources and different methods of lighting schemes used in indoor lighting. A factory hell size of 15 m x 12 m is to be illuminated by metal halide lamp of 70 W. Inside the ball, an average illaminetion of 200 lumen/m isto be provided on the working plane, The walls and ceiling are brightly painted, Calculate the no. of luminaries required {o be fitted in the hall. Draw lay-out diagram showing arrangement of luminaries, Switches and distribution board. Decide the light sub-circuits and the supply is 400 V. 3-phase 4 wire system, Assume value for utilization and maintenance factor are 0.7 and 0.6 respectively; the lamp efficiency is 90 hum/watt Explain the design procedure of flood lighting system and selection of luminaries for it Explain trickle charging method for a battery charging system. Calculate the @) ampere-hour efficiency and (ji) wett-hour efficiency of a secondary cell which is discharged at a uniform rate of 30 A for 6 h at an average terminal voltage of 2-V. It is then charged at the uniform rate of 40 A for $ h to restore it to its original condition, The terminal voltage during charging is 2.5 V. a) What are the technical aspects of energy efficient motors? b) The p.f. of an industrial three-phase load of 490 kW is to be improved from 0.7 lagging to 0.97 lagging by connecting loss free delta connected capacitor across 6.6 KV, 59 Hz supp.:: The cost of kVAr controlling device with switching is NRs 1200:00 per kVAr. Calculate: (ithe total KVAr required, (ii) the required value of Capacitance and (iii) payback period. wee | fe i le sees ea Ua a (8) 4] [4] [8] [8] [8] [8] [8] (8] (8) GB) {3}S444 y Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. Attempt Al questions The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks Assume suitable data if necessary, a) Discuss the methodology of selection of transformer for apartment building, residential building and industry . b) In the figure below, select the best option for setting the sub-station with suitable justifications. 2 = a fe ah a Z ak a » [Sta | 2 4 are er 0 a) How is the size of cable chosen for electrical installation from transformer to MDB, MDB to SDB and SDB to end use? On what factors does the selection primarily Gepend? b) Explain the different types of fuse? Why is a fuse inserted in phase instead of neutral? a) Write down main purposes for installation of emergency lighting in industry, b) Describe about prevention of stroboscopic effect in factory lighting. 2) Explain various factors influencing the earth resistance. b) Why UPS is required for industrial electrification? Expalin about On-line UPS. (4) 4 (4 (4) [4] (4) {4}A drawing hall 40 m x 25m is 90 Im/m? on a working pl Assume coefficient of utili * 6m high is to be illuminated LED lamps to an average lux lane 1 m above the floor. Estimate suitabie number of lamps zation of 0.8 depreciation factor of 1.2 and spacing / height {Size oFlamps — BW [Luminous efficiency Gn im/W) [90 Draw layout diagram showing arrangement of luminaries, design the distribution board, if the supply system is 3-6, 4- switches, power socket and ‘wire system, Calculate the annual cost savings of a 25 hp motor operating at 90% efficiency compared {0 85% efficiency, if the operating hours is 8000 hrs/year and the energy cost is RS 7.5 per kWh. What is an energy audit? Explain energy audit technique. List out the energy saving opportunities for industrial electrical system, . Explain with examples of following terminology: i) Connected load ii) Maximum demand ) Demand factor iv) Diversity factor v) Load factor . Explain the various factors to be taken in to account while designing street lighting and flood lighting scheme, + ee (8) (8) (8)26 TRIBHUVAN UNIVERSITY tam TE OF ENGINEERING Level meee Examination Control Divis rogeamme ; BEL Voss Marke | 9? 2072 Ashwin [year /Part | itisat Time is word s practicable coms margin indicate Full Marks ¥ Assume suitable data if necessary 1. a) The load pattern of ABC complex is: (4) [Time (W:00- | HOO | (B:O0- | (13:00- T (12:00- | (16:00- 7 (20:00- | \ 4:00) | 8:00) | 12:00) | 16:00) | 16:00) | 20:00) | 24:00) | [Load of Block- A in KVA 5 B 18 9 | 6 22, 8 "Coad of BiockBinKVA [7 19 | 22 34 i714 [Load of Block. Cin KVA_|__3 12 16 m | 40 | 35 Calculate: i.) Capacity of substation required. ii.) Diversity factor b) Explain about lighting arrestor used in industrial power distribution, (4) 2. a) Caloulate the cross-sectional area of Aluminum cable require to supply a single phase load of 25 KW at power factor of 0.7 lagging which is 40 m away from the voltage source so thet voltage drop in the cable does not excead 3% of the standard curply voliage of 220 V. [4] b) Write down general electrical rules related to elecirical installation, [4] 3. a) Describe the construction of 3 ¥4 core armuored aluminum cable. (4) b) A person comes in contact with the metallic body of an energized inicrowave oven. Discuss the consequences during unearthed and earthed conditions. (4) 4, Draw a neat single line diagram of a 11 KV start from 11 KV to end use 230 V. Explain briefly about each component. (8) 5. In aconference hall 20 mx 40 m x 5.5 m is to be illuminated using 236 W CF! lamps. Inside hall an everage illumination of 108 lumen/m* is 10 be provided on the working plane. Calculate the number of lamp set required to be fitted in the hall. Decide light and power sub-cireuit. Draw layout diagram showing arrangement of lamp set, switclies and power socket. Design the distribution board fo supply Lehting load and power load, the supply system is 3 phase 4 wire system and efficiency of lamp is 60 lm/W, [16] 6. a) A415 V conductor cable is rated at 235 Amperes but is carrying a load of 300.4 at 0.7 power factor. What KVAR of capacitor is required to reduce to current to its normal rated value? (4) b) Explain about load management in industry. (4) 7. a) What do you understand by generalized lighting? Explain with suitable example why localized lighting cannot be employed alone. 14] b) Explain the methods of selection of size and number of lift for office building (4) 8. Explain the operating principle of MCB. What are the difference between MCB and MCCB? Compare HRC fuse with MCCE. What is rupturing capacity of MCB, MCCB and HRC fuse? 18} 9, What is outdoor lighting? Explain about calculation for flood lighting and street lighting 8]Level BE | Fail Marks Programme | BEL Pass Marks 3 [Year /Part iti __ Subject: - Industrial Power Distribution and Hliumination (E8633) Y Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. Y Attempt All questions. Y The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks Y Assume suitable data if necessary. 1. a) What is electric load center? Explain with example of following terminology @ connected load (ii) maximum demand. b) Write down the short notes on:(i) Factor of maximum utilization Ky (ii) Factor of simultanity Ks. 2. a) Define stroboscopic effect. How it can be prevented in factory lighting design. b) Explain about emergency power supply system for an industry. A Grawing hall 40m*25m*6m high is to be illuminated with LED lamps to an average illumination of 250 lux on 2 working plane 1 m above the floor. Estimate suitable number, size and mounting height of lamps. Assume coefficient of utilization of 0.8 depreciation factor of 1.2 size of lamp is 45 watt and luminous efficiency of lamp is 90 In/Watt. Draw layout diagram showing arrangement of luminaries, switches, power socket and distribution board. Design 3-phase distribution system, if supply system is 400 V, 150 Hz. 4, What are the main objectives of an equipment earthing? Explain in brief the various factors affecting the earth resistance, Calculate the size of plate earthing of the building if (4) [4] 1] [4] (12) size resistivity is 40 2 m. [24244] 5, State the types cable used in an industrial installation system. A 3-phase 15 hp, 400 V, 50Hz induction motor is to be installed in a workshop. Assuming the efficiency of the motor to be 85% and power factor 0.8, calculate the size of the unarmoured copper cable to be used if the distance between SDB and motor is 79m. (8) Conductor area] 15 ]25]4 16 |10 [16 [25 ]35 [50 | 70 [95 120] 150) (sq.mm) | 3.5 core Gucable| 21 | 27 |36 [45 | 60 [77 | 99 [120 / 145/175 [210 | 240 | 270 | | current rating (A) I 6. a) Write down the general nules for wiring in an industry. b) Discuss about fundamental consideration of plarining and electrical installation system for industrial building 7. What is Waste Light Factor? Why is it necessary to be considered in floodlighting (4) (4) design? With a suitable example, explain the process of floodlight calculation? [2+2+4}8. A factory takes an average load of 1020 kVA at 0.64 p.f(lag) from the 1600 kVA transformer. The no-load loss and full load loss of transformer are 2.4kW and 18.57 KW Tespectively. If the unit cost of capacitor bank per KVAr is Rs.800, maximumm demand charge is Rs.190 per kVA and unit charge of energy is Rs.7.50, Calculate: [2242 i) kVAR required to improve p.f. to 0.95 ii) Reduction is loss in transformer if the loading duration is 2920 hours per year iii) Reduction in maximum demand charge iv) Payback Period 9. What are different types of battery charging scheme? Describe each of them with their specific purposes. Which method is most effective? Classify the distribution sub-station of industrial plant according to service and design. Describe the functions and operating, characteristics of indoor substation with proper schematic diagram. (4+4] i in any industries? How the energy audit is a 426 RIAHUVAN UNIVE RS INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING BI Full Marks 80 Examination Control Division Programme Bil Puss Marks 52 2074 Bhadra Year /Part 11/1 Time ‘brs, Subject: - Industrial Power Distribution and Illumination (ZE653/ Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as Far as practicable vy Y Attemp: Alf questions VY. The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks Y Assume suitable data if necessary 1, a) Explain with example, how does the proper size of transformer determined for @ industry. Draw single diagram of electrical connection of 11 KV feeder up to end user at 230 V. b) Define Electric Load Centre. What are its importance in Industrial power Distribution? 2. a) The size of the industry room is 30m 20m and it is illuminated by 42 W LED lamp. The efficiency of lamp is 110 lumen/watt and the distance between working plane and mounting height of luminaries is 3 meters. The coefficient of utilization and depreciation factor are 0.75 and 1.2 respectively. Calculate the number of luminaries for the industrial room, Draw neat sketch showing the arrangement of lamps, switches, power sockets and decide the light and power sub-circuits. Design the distribution board to supply lighting loads and power if the supply system is 3 phase. 400V and 50 Hz. b) The illumination at a point on a working plane directly below the lamp is to be 100 lumen/m*, The lamp gives 250 c.p. uniformly below the lamp horizontal plane. Determine the height at which the lamp is suspended. Also find illumination at a point on the working table 1.2m away from the vertical axis of the lamp. 3. a) What is the major purpose of earthing? Describe the consequences of earth and unearthed system. b) Describe the operating principle of MCB. Compare HRC fuse with MCB. Explain the rupturing capacity of MCB and HRC fuse. 4. Explain the purposes of substation in an industrial elecirical system. Describe the functions and operating characteristics of indoor substation with proper schematic diagram. 5. a) A415 V conductor cable is rated at 235 Amperes but is carrying a load of 300A at 0.7 power factor. What KVAR of capacitor is required to reduce the current to its normal rated value? by Explain the classification of electrical installation 6. An induction motor improves the power factor of a load of 500 KW from 0.707 lagging to 0.95 lagging. Simultaneously the motor carries a load of 100 KW. Find: 2) The leading KVAR supplied by motor b) KVA rating of the motor and ) Power factor at which the motor operates 7. a) What is the main difference between power and lighting system? Describe different factors to be considered while determining the sizes of cables. b) What do you mean by Vertical Rising Main System? Explain its benefits and uses. 8. a} Explain tie emergency supply system for industrial system, b) Explain the various type of battery charging system in briefly Explain briefly the different types of supply system in an industrial plant. Explain detail with necessary diagram one of them (4] (4) (2) 4] (4 (4) [8] [4] [4]Rei Sag aka ee Pe ean |Full Marks | 80 | | BEL | vass Marks |32 | La 1 Shes. | INGINEERING Examination Control Division Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks v Y Attempt AUl questions. v Y Assume suitable data if necessary, What is Maximum Demand? With suitable example, explain the need to calculate Maximum Demand in an industrial building. [2+6] 2, Classify the distribution substation of industry according to service and design. Draw and explain the schematic diagram of a distribution substation of a typical industry from 11 KV to end use. [246] 3. What are High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamps? Explain the voltage variation effecting ifferent lamps. 4) 4. A department store 30 m x 15 m is illuminated by twin $5W LED luminaries of output 4950 lumens. The lamp being mounted at a height of 3 m from the work plane, the average illumination required is 300 lux. Calculate and arrange the number of luminaries required to be fitted in the department store, assuming the coefficient of utilization to be (0.8 and the maintenance factor to be 0.8. Also design the number of sub-circuit, switches and distribution board, if the supply system is 3-phase, 400V, SOHz. (12) 5. Explain trickle charging method for a battery charging system. A lead acid cell is discharged at a steady current of 4A for 12 hours, the average terminal voltage being 22V. To restore it to its original state of charge. steady current at 3A for 20 hours is required, the average terminal voltage being 2.44V. Calculate the ampere-hour efficiency and watt-hour efficiency in this particular case, [24343] 6. Explain with example, how earthing can protect human from electrical shock. Explain different methods of equipment earthing system used in industrial building. [8] 7. Define current carrying capacity of cable. Write down the factors that affect the current carrying capacity of cable. Describe the method of calculation while determining the size of 3.5 core cable, [8] 8. Calculate the number of lift require to empty a office building having following details: [8] ‘SN_| Description Quantity 1___[ Number of floor 20 2__| Total rental area above ground floor (mi") 20000 '3___| Estimate rental area per person (m") 10 4 | Time required empty to building (minute) 60 35__| Average floor height of building (m) 35 | 6 | Lift capacity number of person in each car 10 T__| Speed of lift (meter/minuté) 135 8__| Estimated stop Tstop each 10 m ‘9 | Time required at the ground floor for synchronizing | 30 See 10 | Time required above ground floor at each stop 10 Sec ] 9. a) A 1250 KVA turbine generator set is operating at rated load with a power factor of 0.8. An additional load of 150 kW at 0.85 power factor is to be added. What kVAR value of capacitors is required so that the generator is not loaded? (4) b) State the energy saving opportunity in an industrial plant. i) 10. What are the major purposes of the outdoor lighting? Explain methods of street lighting and factors to be considered while designing street lighting 18)Examination Control Bi AS N8q 1; 26 TRIBHUVANUNIVERSITY | Exam. INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING | Level lL Programm: 2075 Baisalch r Candidates are required to give their answers in their own words as far as practicable. Attempt All questions. The figures in the margin indicate Full Marks Assume suitable data if necessary. Explain with examples, select the size of distribution transformer for different application considering factor of maximum utilization and factor of simultaneity. 4) A consumer has the following connected loads: 12 lamps of 80 W each and 4 heaters of 100 W each. His maximum demand is 1500 W. On the average consumer uses 8 lamps 6 hours a day and each heater for 4 hours a day. Find Joad factor and demand factor. ) Draw and explain a single line diagram of 11 KV supply system used for industrie! complex. a) A department store 36m x 15m is illuminated by 45W by LED panel light of output 4800 lumens. The lamp being mounted at a height of 3m from the working plane, the average illumination required is 200 lux. Calculate the number of luminaries required to be fitted in the department store, assuming the coefficient of utilization to be 0.8 and maintenance factor to be 0.8. Also design distribution board and layout of lamps, switches power sockets and sub-circuits, if the supply system is 3-Phase, 400V, 50 Hz. b) Determine the size of cable used from MDB to SDB-1 and SDB-2 for the following conditions, The total power on the SDB-l and SDB-2 are 60 kW and 75 kW respectively. The distance between MDB to SDB-1 and SDB-2 are 80m and 125m respectively. The supply system is 3-phase, 4 wire with 400V, 50 Hz. The current ratings of Cu conductor laid in ground are given as follow. Conductor area] 1.5125] 4 | 6 [10] 16] 25] 35 ] 50 | 70 | 95 [120] 150 (sqmma) 3.3 core Cu cable | 21 | 27 | 31 | 45 | 60| 77 | 99] 120] 145 | 175 | 210 | 240 | 270 current rating (A) Explain briefly the design procedure of flood lighting system. A building frontage 50m x 15m is to be illuminated by floodlighting projectors situated 25m away. If the illumination is 100 lux, coefficient of utilization is 0.5, depreciation factor is 1.5, and waste light factor 1.2, estimate the number of projectors of each of size 200W with luminous efficiency of 90 lamen/watt What are the major purposes of the outdoor lighting? Explain methods of street lighting and factors to be considered while designing street lighting. The power factor on an industrial 3 Yoad 490 kW is to be improved from 0.7 lagging to 0.97 lagging by connecting loss free delta connected capacitor across 11 kV, 50 Hz supply. The cost of Var controlling device with switching is Nrs.2000 per KVAR, Explain the importance of emergency supply system in industrial plant? Differentiate between on-line and off-line UPS with proper schematic diagrams Why is load scheduling important for industry? Explain about load management in industrial plant. ‘What is the main objective of an equipment earthing? Calculate the size of the earth electrode for plate earthing system, if the soil resistivity is 60 Q and required earth resistance is 8 O. (8) a (4 [12] a [444] (8 (8) [8] [8] [+4]