Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
JUAN L. FILIPINO MEMORIAL HIGH
SCHOOL
Goa, Camarines Sur

Unit: 4
Quarter: 4th
Grade Level: Grade 8
Topic: Digestive System

Subject: Science
Prepared by: Jonnlin F. Baldonado
Field of Specialization: Biological Science

I. Learning Objectives

A. Content Standard:
Demonstrate an understanding of the digestive system
and its interaction with the circulatory, respiratory,
and excretory systems in providing the body with
nutrients for energy

B. Performance Standard:
Present an analysis of the data gathered on diseases
resulting from nutrient deficiency

C. Learning Competency:
At the end of 60-minute lesson, the grade 8 students
should be able to:
a. identify the parts and functions of Digestive
system
b. explain the process of digestion
c. locate the parts of the digestive system through
activity
 LC: S8LT-Iva-13

II. Learning Content

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Learning Materials
Visual aids
Exploding box
Puzzled pictures
Worksheets
Illustration of Digestive System

Integrated 21st century skills

Critical thinking skills
Communication
Collaboration

Learner’s Background
Eighty percent of the students are self-regulated
learners
 Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity

Daily Routine

Good morning Class!

Good morning ma’am!
1. Opening Prayer

Please stand for the prayer.

(The students will stand.)
In the name of the father and of the
son and of the holy spirit. Amen.
In the name of the father and of the son
and of the holy spirit. Amen.
Praise be the name of our Lord
Jesus Christ.

Now and Forever Amen.

In the name of the father and of the

son and of the holy spirit. Amen.
In the name of the father and of the son
and of the holy spirit. Amen.

Before you sit down. Kindly pick up

the pieces of papers under your
chairs and arrange your seats
properly.
Yes ma’am.
(Students will pick up the pieces of
papers and will arrange the chairs.)

III. Learning Experiences ( 7E’s Method)

2. Checking of attendance

Okay, please be seated.

Students will sit down.)
Class beadle, Is there any absentee for
today?
None ma’am.
Wow, that’s great! Keep it up class.

3. Collecting of Assignments
Last meeting, I have given you an
assignment right?
Yes ma’am!
Everybody pass your assignments.
(Students will pass their Assignments.)

A. ELICIT
Okay class, what was our topic last
meeting? Ma’am!

Yes____? Last meeting we’ve discussed about

the Periodic table of elements.

Alright correct! So how many

elements do we have in modern
118!
periodic table?

That’s right! And who is the father of Ma’am!

Modern Periodic table?

Yes___? Dmitri Mendeleev.

Yes very good! I hope we are clear

with that lesson.

B. ENGAGE
For this morning, you are going
to count 1- 8 starting from the (The students will count 1….2…3…4…
first person in front. 5……6…..7…8)

(The students will stand.)

All group 1 kindly stand up.

Group 2 stand up.3….4…

5….6….7….and 8

Okay. I have here an envelope

with puzzle inside. What you are
going to do is to arrange the
puzzle to create an image and its
Yes ma’am.
name. After forming an image
 you are going to post it on the
board. Am I understood?
(The students will perform the
Go to your respective groups now activity.)
and proceed to your activity

(After 3 minutes.) Yes ma’am.

Are you done?

Let’s see. For the group 1. What Group 1: Esophagus

have you formed?

Group 2: Stomach
For the group 2?

Group 3: Mouth
For the group 3?

Group 4: Small intestine

For the group 4?

Group 5: Large intestine

For the group 5?

Group 6: Anus
For the group 6?

Group 7: Rectum
For the group 7?

Group 8: pharynx
And for last group?

Alright. So, Based from your

Digestive System!
activity, what do you think is our
topic for today?

Exactly! Our lesson for today is

all about Digestive system. For
this morning, you are going to
identify the parts and functions of
Digestive system; explain the
process of digestion; and locate
the parts of the digestive system
through activity.

C. EXPLORE
I have here worksheets. You are (Students will
going to identify and write the do the activity.)
name of each digestive organ.
 Yes ma’am.

(After 10 minutes)
Are you done?
(Students will pass their worksheets.)

Everybody pass your worksheets.

Let’s check. How did you do?

Very good!

D. EXPLAIN

So now, I have here a box for you.

A box of information to be exact. Ma’am
Let’s start with the meaning of
digestive system? what is
Digestive system? A group of organs working together to
convert food into energy and basic
nutrients to feed the entire body.
Yes____?

That’s right! Our Digestive

system is responsible for taking Digestion!
and converting food into energy
and nutrients in our body.

So what do we call the process of

breaking down of food?

Correct! Digestion is the process

of breaking down of food. We
have two types of digestion-
mechanical and chemical. When
we say mechanical, it is when we
chew, tear, and grind the food Salivary amylase
using our teeth, while chemical
digestion is a mixture of saliva.

What do we call the enzyme Eight!

found in saliva?

Very good! Esophagus

How many main organs do we
Small intestine
have in our digestive system?
Stomach

Correct! What are those organs? Large intestine

Rectum
Mouth
Anus
Pharynx

Ma’am!

Alright! Let’s start with the

mouth. What do you think Teeth mechanically break down food
happens when food enters the into small pieces. Tongue mixes food
mouth? Let’s say, when you eat a with saliva.
bread?

Yes, _____?

salivary amylase

Very well said! First food enters

the mouth where it is chewed by
our teeth, wets by our saliva that pharynx!
contains an enzyme. Again what
is the enzyme?

That’s right! That enzyme speeds

up the breakdown of starch into
sugar.

From the mouth, what’s the next?

Esophagus

Alright! Actually pharynx is

where the epiglottis located. The
epiglottis is a flap- like structure
at the back of the throat that From the mouth, food pass through
closes preventing food from the esophagus which transact food
entering the trachea. from the mouth to the stomach by a
 movement called peristalsis.

After the pharynx, what’s next?

Ma’am!

Correct! Approximately an
Esophagus is 20cm long. What
happens in the esophagus? looks like an ocean wave travelling
through the muscle.

That’s right! What is peristalsis?

Yes____? Ma’am!

A J-shaped muscular bag.

Correct!
If acid gets in here, that’s
heartburn or what we called It mixes food with digestive juices that
hyperacidity. contain enzymes to break down
Proteins and Lipids.
Let’s now proceed to stomach.
How do you describe the
stomach?

Yes___?

Nice answer. What happens in

the stomach?

It is the longest part of the digestive

system.
That’s right! The food found in
the stomach is called Chyme.
The stomach forms the food into
smaller portion and contains Hcl
that aids in digestion. It has also
pepsin that breaks down protein
into smaller form. Nutrients from the food pass
into the bloodstream through the
Now, what group has a small small intestine walls.
intestine picture? What is the
small intestine?

villi

Yes that’s correct. Small intestine

are roughly 7 meters long. So
what happens to the nutrients of
food?
80%
Alright! So what do we call the
lining in the small intestine walls?

Ma’am!
That’s right!
The small intestine absorbs 80%
ingested water, Vitamins,
About 1.5 meters long.
Minerals,, Carbohydrates,
Proteins, and Lipids
Again how many percent of
water?

That’s right so, the remaining

20% of ingested water is
accepted by the large intestine.
How long is the large intestine? The mouth, esophagus, large intestine,
small intestine, rectum, anus, pharynx
and stomach

Yes____?

Alright!
The remains after the water has
absorb are now called Feces or Ma’am!
stool. Then it will be stored in
the rectum an excrete to the
anus.
Liver
So in summary, the digestive
system is composed of?
Gall bladder
pancreas

We have also this what we called

accessory glands. When we say
accessory it means that it is not
part of the path of food but plays
a critical role.
So, who can give me one? liver

Yes____? Ma’am.

It stores the bile.

Correct!
Any other?

And the last one is? It produces digestive enzymes that

digest fats carbs, and protein.

Very good. Let’s start with the

liver. It directly affects digestion
by producing bile. Again. What
 organ produces the bile? pepsin

Alright. What about the gall

bladder?
hcl

Yes____?

Very good. How about the

pancreas?

(The students will raise their hands.)

That’s right.
What enzyme digest proteins? Ma’am!

Mouth
Correct! what about the one that
digests the fats? pharynx
Esophagus
Stomach
Alright very good.
Small intestine
E. ELABORATE
So now, let’s go back to your Large intestine
puzzle, can someone arrange the Rectum
proper order of the parts of the
digestive system starting from Anus
the very beginning up to the last.

Yes_____?

Okay, Let’s
see.
Correct!
F. EVALUATE
I guess you are now ready for a
quiz. Get ¼ sheet of paper.

For items 1-3, you are going to

choose the letter of the correct
answer. For, items 4-10,
enumerate the following. Write
your answer on your paper.

1. It is the process of breaking

down of food into energy and
nutrients.
a. Absorption
b. Ingestion
c. Digestion
d. excretion

2. A group of organs working

together to convert food into
energy. c. Digestion
a. Digestive system
b. Reproductive system
c. Skeletal system
d. Muscular system

3. What do you call to the ocean

wave like structures that a. Digestive system
travels through the muscle?
a. Epiglottis
b. Peristalsis
c. Chime
d. Bile
b. peristalsis
4-10. What are the major organs
comprising the digestive system?

Everybody pass your papers.

Let’s check!
(The teacher will exchange the
paper of each group.) Mouth
pharynx
1. It is the process of
breaking down of food into Esophagus
energy and nutrients.
What is the answer? Stomach
Small intestine
Very good!
 2. A group of organs working Large intestine
together to convert food
into energy. Rectum
What’s the answer? Anus

Correct!
3. What do you call to the
ocean wave like movement
(The students will raise their hands.)
that travels through the
muscle?

Correct!
4-10. What are the major organs None ma’am.
comprising the digestive system?

(The students will pass their papers.)

Yes ma’am.

Definitely right! (The students will stand.)

So, who got 10? 9? 8? 7? 6? 5? 4?
3? 2? 1? 0?

In the name of the father and of the

Wow very good! son and of the holy spirit. Amen.

Are there any questions?

Now and Forever Amen.

Okay, pass your papers now.

In the name of the father and of the

G. EXTEND son and of the holy spirit. Amen.
For your extention activity, you
are going to make a research
about the different digestive
disorders. Write it in your
notebook. Goodbye ma’am.
Is that clear?

Okay, I hope you learned

something. Please stand for the
prayer.
 In the name of the father and of
the son and of the holy spirit.
Amen.

Praise be the name of our Lord

Jesus Christ.

In the name of the father and of

the son and of the holy spirit.
Amen.

Goodbye class! Thank you for

listening. See you tomorrow!