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Axially Loaded Column Size Known Sneil3

This document outlines the design process for an axially loaded column with a known size, specifically a 500 mm x 500 mm column subjected to a service load of 2000 kN. It details calculations for effective length, slenderness ratio, minimum eccentricity, longitudinal reinforcement requirements, and lateral ties, following IS 456-2000 guidelines. The final design includes 4 longitudinal bars of 25 mm diameter, 8 mm diameter ties at 300 mm spacing, and ensures compliance with minimum reinforcement standards.

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Rohan Gupta
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33 views10 pages

Axially Loaded Column Size Known Sneil3

This document outlines the design process for an axially loaded column with a known size, specifically a 500 mm x 500 mm column subjected to a service load of 2000 kN. It details calculations for effective length, slenderness ratio, minimum eccentricity, longitudinal reinforcement requirements, and lateral ties, following IS 456-2000 guidelines. The final design includes 4 longitudinal bars of 25 mm diameter, 8 mm diameter ties at 300 mm spacing, and ensures compliance with minimum reinforcement standards.

Uploaded by

Rohan Gupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Design of Axially Loaded column (Size known)

In this article, we will discuss how to design an axially


loaded column when its size is already known to us.
Before we begin the design procedure, it's important to
understand what axially loaded columns are and how to
identify them in a building plan.
Axially loaded column:
In an axially loaded column, the applied load passes
through the centroid of the section (as depicted in the
figure). In these columns, the beams surrounding all four
sides of the column have identical lengths and cross-
sections. Consequently, the moments produced by each of
the four sides are of equal magnitude, and the opposing
pg. 169
beams counterbalance each other's moments. As a result,
the overall moment effect is insignificant.

However, it is practically very difficult to cast an Axially


loaded column. Therefore, according to IS 456-2000, it is
recommended to design a column by also taking into
account a minimum eccentricity. The term "eccentricity"
refers to the load not precisely passing through the
centroid, but rather deviating slightly from the centroidal
axis of the column.

Design of axially loaded column:


Now, let's walk through an example to better understand
the design process for an axially loaded column.
pg. 170
Example:
Design an axially loaded column of size 500 mm x 500 mm
for service load of 2000 kN. The column is effectively held
in position and restrained against rotation in both ends
(Both ends fixed). The unsupported length is given as 3m.
Use M20 concrete and Fe 415 grade of steel.
To begin, let's take a look at the given parameters.
Given:
Width of column, b = 500mm
Depth of column, D = 500mm
Unsupported Length, L = 3m
Unfactored Load = 2000kN
Factored Load, Pu = 1.5 x 2000 = 3000kN = 3000 x 103 N
Fck =20N/mm2 , fy = 415 N/mm2

Effective Length (Leff):


To calculate the Leff, we will use the table 28 from IS 456
2000. Since the column is effectively held in position and
restrained against rotation in both ends (Both ends fixed),
Leff = 0.65L (as per table 28)
Leff = 0.65 X 3 = 1.95 m = 1950mm
pg. 171
Check for Slenderness Ratio:
Slenderness ratio is the geometrical parameter defined for
a compression member (column), to determine whether
it’s a long column or a short column. It is the ratio of the
effective length of a column to its lateral dimension.
If the slenderness ratio of a column is greater than 12,
such a column is termed as ‘Long Column’, and if this ratio
is less than 12, then it would be called a ‘’Short Column’’.
pg. 172
Le/D = 1950/500 = 3.9 <12 (short column)
Le/b = 1950/500 = 3.9 <12 (short column)
Hence design the column as short column.

Check for minimum eccentricity:


As per IS 456 2000 Cl 25.4, All columns shall be designed
for minimum eccentricity, equal to the unsupported
length of column/500 plus lateral dimensions/30, subject
to a minimum of 20mm.
ex min = L/500 + b/30 = 3/500 + 500/30 = 20.56
ey min = L/500 + D/30 = 3/500 + 500/30 = 20.56

As per IS 456 2000, Cl 39.3, the minimum eccentricity


shall not exceed 0.05D & 0.05b respectively.
0.05D = 0.05 X 500 = 25 > emin
0.05b = 0.05 X 500 = 25 > emin (OK)
Therefore, the member may be designed by using the
following equation;
Pu = 0.4fckAc + 0.67fyAsc
Pu = axial load on the member

pg. 173
fck = characteristic compressive strength of the concrete,
Ac = Area of concrete,
fy = characteristic strength of the compression
reinforcement, and
Asc = area of longitudinal reinforcement for columns.

Longitudinal Reinforcement:
Gross area, Ag = 500 X 500 = 250000 mm2
Ag = Ac + Asc
Ac = Ag - Asc
Pu = 0.4fckAc + 0.67fyAsc
Pu = 0.4fck (Ag - Asc) + 0.67fyAsc
Pu = 0.4fck Ag - 0.4fck Asc + 0.67fyAsc
Pu - 0.4fck Ag = (- 0.4fck + 0.67fy)Asc
Asc = (Pu - 0.4fck Ag)/(0.67fy – 0.4fck)
Asc = (3000 x 103 – 0.4 X 20 X 250000)/(0.67 X 415 – 0.4 X
20) = 1000000/270.05 = 3703.02 mm2

As per IS 456 2000, the minimum area of longitudinal


reinforcement shall be 0.8% of gross area (Ag).
pg. 174
Asc min = 0.8% of Ag = 0.8/100 X 250000 = 2000 mm2
Therefore, Asc req = 3703.02 mm2
Corner Bars:
Assume dia of corner bars = 25mm
ast of 1 bar = 3.14/4 X ز = 3.14/4 X 25² = 490.625 mm²
No of Bars provided = 4

Middle Bars:
Assume dia of middle bars = 25mm
ast of 1 bar = 3.14/4 X ز = 3.14/4 X 25² = 490.625 mm²
No of Bars provided = 4
Asc provided = (4 X 490.625) + (4 X 490.625) = 3925 mm²
Asc provided > Asc req (OK)
Hence provide 4# - 25mm + 4# - 25mm longitudinal bars
Percentage of reinforcement provided = Asc prov x 100/Ag
= 3925 X 100/250000 = 1.57% < 4% (OK)

pg. 175
Design of lateral ties:
Is 456 2000 suggests that the diameter of the lateral ties
shall not be less than 1/4th of the diameter of the largest
longitudinal bar and in no case less than 6mm whichever
is greater.
We have, Diameter of largest longitudinal bar = 25 mm
Diameter of ties = ¼ x 25 = 6.25 mm
Let’s provide 8mm dia of ties.
The spacing of the lateral ties shall not be more than the
least value from the following 3 criteria;
I. Least lateral dimension of the member = 500 mm
II. 16 times the diameter of the smallest longitudinal bar
= 16 X 25 = 400 mm
III. 300m.
If we compare all the 3 criteria, 300 mm is the least among
all.
Hence Provide 8 mm ties @300 mm c/c.

pg. 176
Check for Extra Tie:
Extra ties are required if the spacing between two
longitudinal bars exceed 75mm.
We have, D =500mm
Spacing between two bars = [D – 2(Clear cover)]/2
= [500 – 2(40)]/2 = 210 mm > 75mm
Therefore, extra tie is needed.

Check for Closed/Open Tie:


As per SP 34: 1987, If the spacing between longitudinal
edge bars does not exceed 48 times the diameter of the
tie, then open ties are provided. However, if the spacing
exceeds 48 times the diameter of tie, then closed ties are
provided.
We have, D =500mm
Spacing between two edge bars = D – 2(Clear cover)
= 500 – 2(40) = 420 mm
48 Ø = 48 X 8 = 384 mm < 420 mm
Therefore, closed ties are provided.

pg. 177
Design summary:
b 500 mm
D 500 mm
Longitudinal Bars provide 4# - 25mm + 4# - 25mm
Asc prov 3925 mm²
Dia of ties 8 mm
Pitch of ties 300 mm

pg. 178

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