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CG Exp 5

The document outlines an experiment in a Computer Graphics Lab focused on implementing clockwise and anticlockwise rotations of a triangle around a specified point. It includes detailed algorithms for both rotations, sample C++ code for implementation, and learning outcomes related to rotation transformations and graphics programming. The experiment emphasizes the importance of centroid calculation and the conversion of angles from degrees to radians.

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Pradeep Sahu
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7 views6 pages

CG Exp 5

The document outlines an experiment in a Computer Graphics Lab focused on implementing clockwise and anticlockwise rotations of a triangle around a specified point. It includes detailed algorithms for both rotations, sample C++ code for implementation, and learning outcomes related to rotation transformations and graphics programming. The experiment emphasizes the importance of centroid calculation and the conversion of angles from degrees to radians.

Uploaded by

Pradeep Sahu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DEPARTMENT OF

COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Experiment 5
Student Name: Zatch UID:
Branch: CSE Section/Group:
Semester: 6 Date of Performance:
Subject Name: Computer Graphics Lab Subject Code: 22CSH-352

1. Aim:
Implement clockwise and anticlockwise rotation of a triangle about a specified point
and evaluate the results.
2. Objective:
To perform and visualize clockwise and anticlockwise rotations of a triangle
about a specified point.
3. Algorithm:
a) To Rotate Clockwise :
1. Initialize Graphics Mode:-
Detect and initialize the graphics driver and mode using initgraph().

2. Input Triangle Coordinates:-


Take user input for the three vertices (x1,y1)(x1, y1)(x1,y1), (x2,y2)(x2, y2)(x2,y2),
(x3,y3)(x3, y3)(x3,y3).

3. Draw Original Triangle:-


Use drawpoly() to display the initial triangle.

4. Compute Centroid:-
Calculate the centroid (xc,yc)(xc, yc)(xc,yc) using:
xc= x1+x2+x2 / 3, yc= y1+y2+y3 / 3

5. Input Rotation Angle:-


Accept the rotation angle from the user and convert it to radians:
rad= angle x 3.14/180

6. Compute New Rotated Coordinates (Clockwise Rotation Formula):-


For each vertex (X,Y)(X, Y)(X,Y), calculate:
X’= xc+ (X-xc) . cos(rad) + (Y-yc) . Sin(rad)
Y’= yc- (X-xc) . sin(rad) + (Y-yc) . Cos(rad)
DEPARTMENT OF
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

7. Draw Rotated Traingle:-


Use drawpoly() to display the rotated triangle in a different color.
8. Wait for User Input & Close Graphics Mode:-
Use getch() to pause, then closegraph() to exit.

b) To Rotate Anti-clockwise:
1. Initialize Graphics Mode:-
Detect and initialize the graphics driver and mode using initgraph().

2. Input Triangle Coordinates:-


Take user input for the three vertices (x1,y1), (x2,y2), (x3,y3).

3. Draw Original Triangle:-


Use drawpoly() to display the initial triangle.

4. Compute Centroid:-
Calculate the centroid (xc,yc) using:
xc= x1+x2+x2 / 3, yc= y1+y2+y3 / 3

5. Input Rotation Angle:-


Accept the rotation angle from the user and convert it to radians:
rad= angle x 3.14/180

6. Compute New Rotated Coordinates (Clockwise Rotation Formula):-


For each vertex (X,Y), calculate:
X’= xc+ (X-xc) . cos(rad) - (Y-yc) . Sin(rad)
Y’= yc- (X-xc) . sin(rad) + (Y-yc) . Cos(rad)

7. Draw Rotated Traingle:-


Use drawpoly() to display the rotated triangle in a different color.
8. Wait for User Input & Close Graphics Mode:-
Use getch() to pause, then closegraph() to exit.
DEPARTMENT OF
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

4. Implementation/Code:
a.To Rotate Clockwise:

#include <iostream>
#include <conio.h>
#include <graphics.h>
#include <math.h>

using namespace std;


int main() {
clrscr();
int gd = DETECT, gm;
initgraph(&gd, &gm, "C:\\Turboc3\\BGI"); // Use the correct BGI path

int x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3;


cout << "Enter (x1, y1), (x2, y2), (x3, y3) for the triangle: ";
cin >> x1 >> y1 >> x2 >> y2 >> x3 >> y3;

int tri[] = {x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, x1, y1};
setcolor(WHITE);
drawpoly(4, tri);

int xc = (x1 + x2 + x3) / 3;


int yc = (y1 + y2 + y3) / 3;

float angle;
cout << "Enter the rotation angle: ";
cin >> angle;

float rad = angle * M_PI / 180.0;

int X1 = xc + (int)((x1 - xc) * cos(rad) - (y1 - yc) * sin(rad));


int Y1 = yc + (int)((x1 - xc) * sin(rad) + (y1 - yc) * cos(rad));

int X2 = xc + (int)((x2 - xc) * cos(rad) - (y2 - yc) * sin(rad));


int Y2 = yc + (int)((x2 - xc) * sin(rad) + (y2 - yc) * cos(rad));

int X3 = xc + (int)((x3 - xc) * cos(rad) - (y3 - yc) * sin(rad));


int Y3 = yc + (int)((x3 - xc) * sin(rad) + (y3 - yc) * cos(rad));
setcolor(RED);
int rotatedTri[] = {X1, Y1, X2, Y2, X3, Y3, X1, Y1};
drawpoly(4, rotatedTri);
DEPARTMENT OF
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

getch();
closegraph();
return 0;
}
Output:-

b. To Rotate Anti-Clockwise:
#include <iostream.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <graphics.h>
#include <math.h>

void main() {
clrscr();
// Initialize graphics mode
int gd = DETECT, gm;
initgraph(&gd, &gm, "C:\\Turboc3\\BGI");
// Input triangle coordinates
int x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3;
cout << "Enter (x1, y1), (x2, y2), (x3, y3) for the triangle: ";
cin >> x1 >> y1 >> x2 >> y2 >> x3 >> y3;
DEPARTMENT OF
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

// Draw original triangle


int tri[] = {x1, y1, x2, y2, x3, y3, x1, y1};
setcolor(WHITE);
drawpoly(4, tri);

// Compute centroid
int xc = (x1 + x2 + x3) / 3;
int yc = (y1 + y2 + y3) / 3;

// Input rotation angle


float angle;
cout << "Enter the rotation angle: ";
cin >> angle;
// Convert angle to radians
float rad = angle * M_PI / 180;
// Compute new rotated coordinates (Anti-clockwise rotation formula)
int X1 = xc + (int)((x1 - xc) * cos(rad) - (y1 - yc) * sin(rad));
int Y1 = yc + (int)((x1 - xc) * sin(rad) + (y1 - yc) * cos(rad));
int X2 = xc + (int)((x2 - xc) * cos(rad) - (y2 - yc) * sin(rad));
int Y2 = yc + (int)((x2 - xc) * sin(rad) + (y2 - yc) * cos(rad));

int X3 = xc + (int)((x3 - xc) * cos(rad) - (y3 - yc) * sin(rad));


int Y3 = yc + (int)((x3 - xc) * sin(rad) + (y3 - yc) * cos(rad));

// Draw rotated triangle


setcolor(BLUE);
int rotatedTri[] = {X1, Y1, X2, Y2, X3, Y3, X1, Y1};
drawpoly(4, rotatedTri);
getch();
closegraph();
}
DEPARTMENT OF
COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Output:-

5. Learning Outcomes:-
• Learned how rotation transformation works in computer graphics using
trigonometric functions (sin, cos).
• Explored the difference between clockwise and anti-clockwise rotation by
modifying the sine term signs in the rotation formula.
• Understood the importance of centroid (xc, yc) in rotating a shape around its
center rather than the origin.
• Gained hands-on experience in using C++ graphics.h library functions like
initgraph(), drawpoly(), and setcolor() for visual representation.
• Learned the necessity of converting degrees to radians using the formula:
rad= angle x 3.14/180

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