1.

The Al-Fattah Al-Aleem Mosque in the New Administrative Capital,

Egypt, is a massive mosque that can accommodate approximately
17,000 people at once, making it an ------------ sight to behold.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and
precise word or phrase?

A. Idealized
B. Intricate
C. Illusory
D. Imposing

2.

The Lascaux Cave paintings- detailed paintings of animals found in

what is now France and dating from around 17,000 years ago- are
sometimes said to be emotionally powerful despite their age, but in
fact the paintings are ---------- precisely because of their age. It is the
link of shared humanity with the artists across so many centuries that
gives the Lascaux Cave paintings such resonance.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and
precise word or phrase?
A. Ingenious
B. Meticulous
C. Pristine
D. Affecting
 3.

Some robots such as Surena (developed in 2008) and COMAN

(developed in 2012) feature humanoid characteristics like bipedal
locomotion so that people will find it easier to interact with them.
While these features can help to ------------ feelings of comfort in
people, a robot that looks too human can fall into the "uncanny
valley; meaning that its appearance unintentionally unsettles those
who encounter it.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and
precise word or phrase?

A. Engender
B. Constrict
C. Counterbalance
D. Repudiate
 4.

Text corpora such as the International Corpus of English are

enormous collections of electronically stored texts that can be used
for empirical testing of hypotheses regarding how -------------- a word
is in spoken and written English. For instance, one might have a guess
about the incidence of the word "first," but only an analysis of a
corpus can prove that "first" is the third most commonly used
adjective.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and
precise word or phrase?

A. Pervasive
B. Credible
C. Assertive
D. Profound
 5.

The following text is adapted from Matthew Arnold's 1869 nonfiction

book Culture and Anarchy.

The Times [a British newspaper], replying to some foreign

u
strictures on the dress, looks, and behaviour of the English
abroad, urges that the English ideal is that everyone should be
free to do and to look just as he likes. But culture indefatigably
tries, not to make what each raw person may like the rule by
which he fashions himself; but to draw ever nearer to a sense
of what is indeed beautiful, graceful, and becoming, and to get
the raw person to like that.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence

in the text as a whole?

A. It suggests that opinions regarding culture change over time.

B. It asserts thart the English are not as well known for their sense
of taste as they ought to be.
C. It details an example that supports the authors primary claim.
D. It presents an opinion with which the author disagrees.
 6.

Anne Bronte's 1847 novel Agnes Grey contains elements drawn from
Bronte's own life.Tthere are many parallels between the experiences
of the novel's title character and those of Bronte and as a result
Agnes Grey is regularly described as an autobiographical novel. This
characterization can be useful, but it also presents drawbacks in
terms of how the work is perceived, as it may lead readers to believe
that Bronte merely fictionalized true events, which, in an artistic field
where creativity and inventiveness are prized, can suggest that-----

Which choice most logically completes the text?

A. Agnes Grey is less of an imaginative achievement than it

actually is.
B. the real-world counterparts of other characters in Agnes Grey
are hard to identify.
C. Bronte should not have claimed that Agnes Grey is based on
real events.
D. critics disagree about whether Agnes Grey shows greater
originality than works without autobiographical elements
 7.

Previous research has shown that plant species with a narrow

geographical range tend to be more genetically homogeneous than
plant species with extensive ranges are. Based on these findings,
researchers recently ran simulations to predict how the genetic
variation of several species of Mammillaria, a genus of cactus found
throughout the Americas, might change in different distribution
conditions. One of these species, M. klissingiana, is found only in the
state of Tamaulipas. The researchers simulated what would happen if
M. klissingiana spread to new habitats outside Tamaulipas, and,
consistent with previous findings, the results showed that-----

Which choice most logically completes the text?

A. several other Mammillaria species could survive in Tamaulipas

in the future.
B. the genetic homogeneity of M. klissingiana decreased over
time.
C. there was a gradual increase in the genetic homogeneig of
Mammillaria species in states neighboring Tamaulipas
D. Mammillaria species other than M. Klissingiana would become
more common in Tamaulipas.
 8.

Though Middle English was widely spoken in fourteenth-century

England, the language was rarely employed in literature until poet
Geoffrey Chaucer helped pioneer its literary use.---------his
manuscripts contain the first documented uses of over 2,000 English
words--like the word "exaltation" in his 1386 poem "The Squire's
Tale"-which led a contemporary to dub him "the first finder of
our fair language."

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

A. However,
B. That being said,
C. Besides,
D. Indeed,

9.

Built at a scale of 1:110, the Eiffel Tower in Baku, Azerbaijan, is one of

many replicas of the famous Eiffel Tower in Paris, France.--------towers
like the Metallic Tower of Fourviere in Lyon, France, though not exact
replicas, pay homage to the Eiffel's iconic spire-like design.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

A. On the contrary,
B. Consequently,
C. Invariably,
D. Moreover,
 10.

The writer Maya Angelou, along with others such as Lorenzo Thomas
and Gwendolyn Brooks,---------- commonly associated with the Black
Arts movement, a loose-knit group of writers and artists active in the
1960s and the 1970s who were interested in exploring the Black
American experience through their work.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the

conventions of Standard English?

A. have been
B. is
C. are
D. were
 11.

Today, the Michelin Guide is widely known as the arbiter of fine

dining, but when it was created in 1889, it was little more than a
marketing gimmick; brothers Andre and Edouard Michelin sought to
increase profits for their tire company by encouraging their
customers to drive across France, visiting the guide's recommended
hotels and restaurants along the way. Nevertheless, the guide soon
grew in scope and------------its modest French eateries were replaced
with some of the most esteemed restaurants from around the world,
including Ishikawa in Tokyo and Jade Dragon in Macau.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the

conventions of Standard English?

A. Influence
B. Influence,
C. Influence, and
D. Influence and
 12.

"Of Names," an essay by French philosopher Michel de Montaigne,

explores a relatively light subject, while his essay "Of the Punishment
of Cowardice" takes on heavier fare. No matter the essay topic,
Montaigne challenges his own ideas, beliefs, and values.------------- he
questions his own perspective, regardless of the subject matter.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

A. For example,
B. At that time,
C. Indeed,
D. However,

13.

Within Earth's biomes, there are four main types of desert: arid,
semiarid, coastal, and cold. The Great Salt Desert in western Asia is
an arid------- it is one of the largest such deserts in the world, with a
total area of about 77,000 km?.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the

conventions of Standard English?

A. desert, for example;

B. desert, for example,
C. desert; for example,
D. desert, for example
 14.

Arthurian legends (tales related to the character of King Arthur)

derive from many sources, such as Annales Cambriae, composed
around 970, and the Mabinogion from the 12th and 13th centuries.
One of the most significant sources, Geoffrey of Monmouth's History
of the Kings of Britain, was written in Latin in the 1130s; some
material from it was later adapted by the Norman poet Wace into the
Roman de Brut in 1155. But while no source before 1155 includes
references to the famous Round Table at which Arthur's knights
assembled, both the Roman de Brut and Sir Thomas Malory's 15th-
century compilation of Arthurian legends, Le Morte d'Arthur, do. It
can therefore be inferred that-------

Which choice most logically completes the text?

A. Malory did not use Annales Cambriae as a source for

information he presented about the Round Table.
B. Geoffrey of Monmouth's accounts of Arthurian legends in his
History are more similar overall in content to the accounts in
the Mabinogion than they are to the accounts in Roman de
Brut.
C. Geoffrey of Monmouth was unaware of stories of the Round
Table when composing his History, though historians know that
works containing such stories were available to him.
D. Le More d’Arthur is more historically accurate than History,
because the Mabinogion had not been written when Geoffrey
of Monmouth was writing his work
 15.

The Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) seeks to

discover long term trends related to aging by compiling and analyzing
evidence from approximately 66,000 participants in multiple
countries. As with most longitudinal studies, extensive funding
support is needed for SAGE to collect the relevant data over
timescales and at intervals that will support robust conclusions. But
the quality of a more constrained investigation, such as a sociology
study seeking only to yield the average age at which people in a given
city first become parents, is much less dependent on high levels
of funding because------

Which choice most logically completes the text?

A. such studies are likely to be a lower priority for funding than

SAGE.
B. the sociology study is unlikely to be able to recruit 66.000
participants.
C. expanding the scope of such studies is unlikely to be feasible.
D. such studies are not trying to identify trends over time
 16.

The Cheruku rasamu mango variety is from the South Asian country
of India. ----------in 2018, 18.8 million metric tons of
mangoes were produced.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

A. Hence,
B. There,
C. In fact,
D. Specifically,

17.

Writer Silvia Moreno-Garcia's love of short fiction began when she

read a collection of Edgar Allan Poe stories as a child, and she would
develop into a prolific short story writer herself, publishing pieces like
"Ahuizotl" (2015) and "Water" (2007). Yet she's best known as
novelist, in part due to her-------- Gothic (2020) earning a spot on the
New York Times Best Sellers list.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the

conventions of Standard English?
A. novel (Mexican
B. novel Mexican
C. novel: Mexican
D. novel, Mexican
 18.

Sociologist Alton Okinaka sits on the review board tasked with adding
new sites to the Hawaii Register of Historic Places, which includes the
Pufu'opae Bridge, built in 1915, and the Ma'alaea General Store, built
in 1910. Okinaka doesn't make such decisions single-handedly, ------
historical designations must be approved by a group of
nine other experts.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the

conventions of Standard English?

A. however, all
B. however and all
C. however all
D. however. All
 19.

The bird species Myiobius barbatus (the bearded flycatcher), which

forages in relatively dense vegetation, and Platyrinchus saturatus (the
cinnamon-crested spadebill), which forages in open areas or low
density vegetation, share territory in French Guiana with
Thamnomanes caesius (the cinereous antshrike), which emits a loud
alarm call when it detects predators. Biologist Ari Martinez and
colleagues, who studied the ecological community the species share,
hypothesized that there is an inverse relationship between birds' field
of vision while foraging and their sensitivity to alarm calls from
neighboring species

Which finding, if true, would most directly support Martinez and

colleagues' hypothesis?

A. When Martinez and colleagues played T. caesius alarm calls. M.

barbatus and P. saturatus displayed no reaction, whereas T.
caesius displayed predator-avoidance behavior.
B. Many local bird species with similar foraging habits to those of
M. barbatus displayed no reaction when Martinez and
colleagues played T. caesius alarm calls, whereas M. barbarus
displayed predator -avoidance behavior.
C. Some individuals of P. saturatus displayed predator-avoidance
behavior when Martinez and colleagues played T. caesius alarm
calls, whereas nearly all did when M. barbatus alarm calls were
played.
D. P. saturatus displayed no reaction when Martinez and
colleagues played T. caesius alarm calls, whereas M. barbaris
displayed predator avoidance behavior in response to the calls.
 20.

After finding information about Harold Eugene Ford, who

represented Tennessee in the United States House of
Representatives, the student discovered biographical sketches of two
other Black Americans who served in ---------- Harold Washington of
Illinois and Augustus (Gus) Freeman Hawkins of California.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the

conventions of Standard English?

A. Congress
B. Congress;
C. Congress
D. Congress,
 21.

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

(OECD) tracks comparative price list data for its thirty-eight member
countries. According to this data, in July 2021, a "basket" of goods
and services priced at 100 US dollars (USD) in the United States
would have cost 62 USD in fellow OECD member---------

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the

conventions of Standard English?

A. nation Chile.
B. nation: Chile.
C. nation, Chile.
D. nation-Chile.
 22.

• Merle Oberon (1911-1979) was an actress born in Mumbai

(then known as Bombay), India.

• She was of Indian, Maori, and Irish heritage.

• She was the first Indian-born actress to be nominated for an

Academy Award.

• Early in her career, she played many nameless, uncredited

roles, such as her role in Aren't We All? (1932).

• Later, she played many named, credited roles, such as Sue

Mayberry in Affectionately Yours (1941).

Which choice most effectively uses information from the given

sentences to begin a narrative about Merle Oberon's life?

A. Merle Oberon's story begins in Mumbai (then known as

Bombay), India, in 1911.
B. Merle Oberon appeared in many films, including Aren't We All?
(1932) and Affectionately Yours (1941), and was the first Indian-
born actress to be nominated for an Academy Award.
C. In 1941, Merle Oberon played the role of Sue Mayberry in the
film Affectionately Yours.
D. Though she would go on to receive many films, Merle Oberon
also played nameless, uncredited roles in many films such as
the movie Aren’t we all? (1932)
 23.

• The Music by Black Composers (MBC) project aims to inspire

aspiring music students by archiving and sharing information
about the music of Black classical composers.

• George Theophilus Walker is a Black classical music composer

included in MBC's Historic Composers Directory.

• He was born in 1922 and died in 2018.

Which choice most effectively uses information from the given

sentences to set up a discussion of Walker's career for an audience
already familiar with the MBC Project?

A. While George Theophilus Walker is considered a great MBC

Historic Composers Directory:
B. Born in 1922, George Theophilus Walker passed away in 2018
according to the MBC project
C. Among the many talented figures included in the MBC project is
classical music composer George Theophilus Walker.
D. The MBC project's Historic Composers Directory highlights
Black classical composers of the past, such as George
Theophilus Walker (1922-2018), in order to inspire music
students to become the classical composers of the future.
 24.

• Sister cities are pairs of cities that form social or legal

partnerships to promote each other's cultures.
• Previously known as "town twinning," the concept of sister
cities evolved in Europe after World War II as a way to repair
bonds between cities.
• Many cities in New York State maintain such partnerships with
cities around the world.
• Rhinebeck, New York, and Larreynaga, Nicaragua, became
sister cities in 1989.

Which choice most effectively uses information from the given

sentences to emphasize the duration of Rhinebeck and Larreynaga's
sister city relationship?

A. Since the end of world war II, sister cities such as Rhinebeck,
New York, and Larreynaga, Nicaragua, have continued to form
social partnership to promote each other’s cultures.
B. As sister cities, Rhinebeck, New York, and Larreynago,
Nicaragua, have engaged in cultural exchange and
partnership since 1989.
C. Larreyna,which in 1089 became a sister city- or “twin town” –
to Rhinebeck, New York, is located in Nicaragua.
D. Despite their distance from each other, the sister cities of
Rhinebeck, new York , and Larreyna Nicaragua have enjoyed the
same partnership as many other sister cities.
 25.
Studies of the Effects of Tilling vs. No Tilling on Crop Yields
Authors Crop Crop yield with Crop yield with
tiling (Kiliograms no tiling
per hectare) (Kiliograms per
hectare)
Bharat Sharma Soybeans 3,062 2,670
Achayara and
colleagues
Adrian Gracia- Maize 2,420 2,990
Romero and
colleagues
Daniel Jug and Winter wheat 4,860 3,910
colleagues
Min Huang and rice 2,534 5,226
colleagues
Danijel Jug and colleagues found that tilling--the practice of turning
soil with hoes, plows, or other machines before planting crops -was
associated with an increased vield of winter wheat. But some studies
of other crops have found the----
Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete
the assertion?
A. Min Huang and colleagues reported an even larger positive
effect of tilling on the yield of rice.
B. Bharat Sharma Acharya and colleagues found a similar
association in a study using soybeans.
C. crop yields with tilling have ranged from 2,420 kilograms per
hectare for maize to 4,860 kilograms per hectare for winter
wheat.
D. a study using winter wheat yielded 4,860 kilograms per hectare
with tilling and only 3,910 kilograms per hectare without tilling.
 26.
Population and area data for four cities in 2018
City Country UN Reported Reported Metropolitan
estimate city metropolitan area (square
proper kilometres)

Bangkok Thailand 10,156,000 5,782,000 16,255,990 7,762

Toronto Canada 6,082,000 2,731,571 5,928,040 5,906

Huston United 6,115,000 2,325,502 6,997,384 21,395

states
Bogotá Colombia 10,574,000 7,963,000 12,545,272 5,934

Population figures for a city can vary significantly depending on what

areas are included in the count. Often, governments will report a
value for the city proper (including only residents within the city
limits) and another for the larger metropolitan area (including
residents from nearby places beyond the city limits). Citing the data
in the table, a journalist claims the population estimates from the
United Nations (UN) most likely included people outside the cities
proper

Which choice best describes data in the table that support the
journalist's claim?
 A. The UN estimated Bogotá’s population to be 10,574.000, which
is significantly larger than the reported population for the city
proper.
B. The metropolitan area of Bangkok is significantly larger than
1,569 square kilometres.
C. The reported city proper population of Bogota be significant
larger than the reported city proper population of Houston.
D. All the city proper areas are below 3,000 square kilometres

27.

A report from an international organization that monitors the

numbers of women serving as judges or magistrates on various
nations’ highest courts, such as the Supreme court in Finland and the
Supreme Court in the Dominican republic.
Which choice most effectively uses data from the graph to complete
the example?

A. Slovenia was greater in 2013 than in 2009, whereas the number

in the Dominican Republic was lower in 2013 than in 2009.
B. Slovenia was greater in 2013 than in 2009, whereas the number
in Finland was the same in 2013 as in 2009,
C. Finland was the same in 2013 as in 2009, but it had more
women on its high courts than either Slovenia or the Dominican
republic did in 2013.
D. The Dominican Republic was lower in 2013 than in 2009.
whereas the number in Finland was the same in
2013 as in 2009.