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1635440811847-Building A Kubernetes Cluster

This document provides a step-by-step guide to building a Kubernetes cluster using kubeadm on Ubuntu 18.04. It includes instructions for setting up nodes, configuring containerd, installing necessary packages, initializing the cluster, and adding worker nodes. The document also covers verifying the cluster's functionality and installing the Calico network add-on.

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16 views3 pages

1635440811847-Building A Kubernetes Cluster

This document provides a step-by-step guide to building a Kubernetes cluster using kubeadm on Ubuntu 18.04. It includes instructions for setting up nodes, configuring containerd, installing necessary packages, initializing the cluster, and adding worker nodes. The document also covers verifying the cluster's functionality and installing the Calico network add-on.

Uploaded by

akdeniz.erdem
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Building a Kubernetes Cluster

Relevant Documentation

Installing kubeadm
Creating a cluster with kubeadm

Lesson Reference

If you are using cloud playground, create three servers with the following settings:

Distribution: Ubuntu 18.04 Bionic Beaver LTS


Size: medium

If you wish, you can set an appropriate hostname for each node.

On the control plane node:

sudo hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-control

On the first worker node:

sudo hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-worker1

On the second worker node:

sudo hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-worker2

On all nodes, set up the hosts file to enable all the nodes to reach each other using these hostnames.

sudo vi /etc/hosts

On all nodes, add the following at the end of the file. You will need to supply the actual private IP address for each node.

<control plane node private IP> k8s-control


<worker node 1 private IP> k8s-worker1
<worker node 2 private IP> k8s-worker2

Log out of all three servers and log back in to see these changes take effect.

On all nodes, set up containerd. You will need to load some kernel modules and modify some system settings as part of this
process.
cat << EOF | sudo tee /etc/modules-load.d/containerd.conf
overlay
br_netfilter
EOF

sudo modprobe overlay

sudo modprobe br_netfilter

cat <<EOF | sudo tee /etc/sysctl.d/99-kubernetes-cri.conf


net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
EOF

sudo sysctl --system

Install and configure containerd.

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y containerd

sudo mkdir -p /etc/containerd

sudo containerd config default | sudo tee /etc/containerd/config.toml

sudo systemctl restart containerd

On all nodes, disable swap.

sudo swapoff -a

sudo sed -i '/ swap / s/^\(.*\)$/#\1/g' /etc/fstab

On all nodes, install kubeadm, kubelet, and kubectl.

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https curl

curl -s https://packages.cloud.google.com/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg | sudo apt-key add -

cat << EOF | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kubernetes.list


deb https://apt.kubernetes.io/ kubernetes-xenial main
EOF

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install -y kubelet=1.22.0-00 kubeadm=1.22.0-00 kubectl=1.22.0-00

sudo apt-mark hold kubelet kubeadm kubectl

On the control plane node only, initialize the cluster and set up kubectl access.

sudo kubeadm init --pod-network-cidr 192.168.0.0/16 --kubernetes-version 1.22.0

mkdir -p $HOME/.kube

sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config

sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config


Verify the cluster is working.

kubectl get nodes

Install the Calico network add-on.

kubectl apply -f https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/calico.yaml

Get the join command (this command is also printed during kubeadm init . Feel free to simply copy it from there).

kubeadm token create --print-join-command

Copy the join command from the control plane node. Run it on each worker node as root (i.e. with sudo ).

sudo kubeadm join ...

On the control plane node, verify all nodes in your cluster are ready. Note that it may take a few moments for all of the nodes to
enter the READY state.

kubectl get nodes

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