Pangasinan State University

College of Engineering and Architecture

Department of Architecture

COLLEGE/DEPARTMENT: CEA/DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE

SUBJECT: THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE 02

RESEARCH WORK NO.: RSW NO. 02

RESEARCH WORK TITLE: CONCEPTUALIZATION TECHNIQUES OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
RESEARCH WORK DUE: MARCH 15, 2023 ON OR BEFORE 11:59 PM

STUDENT: AILAH PEARL I. BAS

BS ARCHITECTURE 1B

INSTRUCTOR: Ar. RUTHER DAOANA

 Pangasinan State University
College of Engineering and Architecture
Department of Architecture

CONCEPTUALIZATION TECHNIQUES OF ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN

Design conceptualization is the process of generating ideas for an optimum

solution to the design problem. In architecture, a design concept is a conceptual design
that serves as a roadmap or instruction manual for the project, providing guidance for
the entire team and demonstrating the overall design objective. It is essential to follow
the design concept to avoid producing a disjointed, awkward, and inconsistent project.
As we go further, design conceptualization has various techniques that can be used to
create an amazing architectural design.

Conceptualization techniques that is done visually that shows the overall design
intent and provides direction for everyone on the project team from the early schematic
design phase all the way through construction. Any graphics related to the project,
including models, verbal descriptions, sketches, and drawings, belong here.

Traditionally architectural concepts have been the designer's way of responding

to the design situation presented in the program. They have served as a tool for
converting the formulation of the non-physical problem into the actual building
component. Each project contains elements that can be classified as main organizers,
major themes, pressing problems, or problem essences. The following main categories
may be used to list and address design concerns and challenges for a building:

1. Functional zoning

- divides land use by

function and physical
characteristics, such as
development density,
minimum lot size, and
building coverage.

Fig. 1
2. Architectural space
- is one of the elements in architectural design, as space continuously studied
for it’s usage. Architectural designs are created by designing spaces and
dividing this using various tools.

Fig. 2
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College of Engineering and Architecture
Department of Architecture

3. Circulation and building

form
- in architectural terms, it
describes how people
move around a
structure and engage
with the surroundings.

Fig. 3

4. Response to Context
- is a response that, when viewed in the large picture, adheres to the existing
lingo of the immediate physical environment around it.

Fig. 4

5. Building Envelope
- Includes the components of the foundation, wall assembly, roofing systems,
glazing, doors, and any other penetrations. It is crucial that these
components work together and complement one another for the building
envelope to perform as intended.

Fig. 5
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College of Engineering and Architecture
Department of Architecture

The most important idea is that concepts for concept-building are (a.) general
philosophy and life values, (b.) design philosophy of the designer, and (c.) a view of the
problem presented with a specific design project.

I. Design Concept

• Prism Sculpture
- It is a three dimensional geometric
shape with identically shaped and
sized ends. Each side of these
prisms appears to be rectangular in
shape, and their ends are parallel
to one another.

Fig. 6
• Living in Capsules
- Its idea is to keep and have thrown
away the idea of a single private
room, and have instead focused
on basic necessities such as sleep
and bath to provide the most
accommodating stay at the lowest
prices.

Fig. 7
• Creativity
- It is a process where designers use to drive their abilities towards making artistic
innovations (regarding aesthetics) and technical ones.

Some people are more creative than others. However there are ways in which you
can increase your idea production, which is the basis of creativity. In short creativity is the
processor coining up with new ideas.

II. 3 Essentials to Development of Creative Skills

1. Ideation is the actual mental process. To "ideate" is to "think," hence the issue is
how to teach oneself to think in fresh, original ways.

2. Idea Quantity means that the person who is capable of producing the largest
number of ideas per unit of time has the greatest chance of producing the
truly significant one. In other words, the odds of your coming up with a really
creative idea are best if you have a lot of ideas from which to select.
 Pangasinan State University
College of Engineering and Architecture
Department of Architecture

3. Imagineering is letting your imagination soar and then engineering it back to

reality. Think outside of reality to expand your imagination and bring it back to
reality. Experimentation is key to being wild and creative, as each time you
spend time thinking of ideas, the more apt you are to produce a wild one. An
example of this is the zoo, where people are chained in cars and animals roam
freely.

Stages in Designing
1. Design Analysis
2. Tentative Solutions
3. Criticisms
4. Operational Process
5. Geometric

III. Methodology
o is a methodical approach to problem resolution
o it advances the idea by assisting in making the best use of the design tools
learned through creativity
o entails the methodical division of a body of knowledge into its useable
components.

Methods/Design Paradigm:
1. Prestatement
2. Problem Statement
3. Information
4. Analysis
5. Synthesis
6. Evaluation

Architecture: Conceptualization’s Objective

• System Delivery
The most important idea is that the finished system is the deliverable, not the
phase, stage, or milestone.

• Strategic Approach
Systems must meet business requirements, provide ability to compensate
resources, facilitate effectiveness, and support business changes, enhancements,
and diversification.
 Pangasinan State University
College of Engineering and Architecture
Department of Architecture

• System Quality Attributes.

It must be planned and designed in order to be able to propagate quality
throughout and across all system elements and processes. Without Conceptual
Integrity, a system is said to be lacking architecture.

• System Conceptual Integrity

System conceptual integrity is central to system quality. This principle is by no
means limited to software systems, but to the design of any complexconstruct,
whether a computer, an airplane, a strategic defense initiative, a global
positioning system.

IV. Vitruvian Triad

The Vitruvian Triad is used to produce the conceptual integrity of any system (any
systematic technical structure), as is well recognized and established by the principles of
architectural theory.

Vitruvius was a Roman writer, architect, and

engineer who wrote De Architectura, known today as
The Ten Books of Architectur. It is the only surviving major
book on classical architecture. It also gathers three
fundamental laws that Architecture must obey, in order
to be so considered: Firmitas, Utilitas, Venustas.
Fig. 8

• Utilitas represents the function of the structure, functionality.

• Firmitas represents the means, materials, and logistics of the structure.
• Venustas represents the design layout and combination of structural elements to
meet the functional needs.

In the case of software architectural design:

• Utilitas is a set of system quality attributes discernable at runtime
• Firmitas is system quality attributes not discernable at runtime
• Venustas is the conceptual intergrity brining utilitas and firmitas together.

i. System Concept (Venustas)

Applying or utilizing a technical idea at a level of each individual component does

not create a system. To create an organic system, we should apply a technical concept
at the system level and facilitate propagation of the technical concept throughout the
entire system and into each element of the system on all levels. Product conceptual
integrity means uncompromised adherence of the whole and entire system to the one
and only software architectural concept and implementation design, in each and every
programming unit, body of code, object, and component, as well as in process of
creating architecture and producing the software product. This approach produces
 Pangasinan State University
College of Engineering and Architecture
Department of Architecture

consistency in both system development and user's interaction with the system and its
components (applications). When a new element is implemented, it must be strictly
prohibited to implement any element not following the system concept.

ii. Disparate Structures and Absence of Conceptual Integrity

It is impossible to implement all System Quality Attributes using only structural

engineering or functional implementation, as neither structure nor functionality acquires
necessary or expected quality automatically. Structural or engineering concepts may
drive only interactions of internal elements of a structure, and attempting to "connect"
such a structure to our conceptual model creates tight coupling between the entire
system and components of the structure, leading to limitations to extensibility and
maintainability. The only solution to these scenarios is creation of an "integration" layer
between two or more structures built with different specifications. Examples of a
Connector Between Two Different Structures

Fig. 9

iii. Implementation of Conceptual Integrity

Conceptual Integrity is an abstract characteristic of a system that is implemented

by defining a System Metaphor and applying specific design techniques to address
System Quality Attributes. Interface Consistency enhances system understanding and
design knowledge transfer.

Architectural design principles are used to achieve Conceptual Integrity and

System Quality Attributes, the following are the non-exhaustive list:
• Conceptual System Metaphor including
o Conceptual System Subject;
o Conceptual System Process operating on the System Subject;
• Logical System Metadata
o Definition of Core System Elements;
o Definition of System Communication;
o Components Metadata.
 Pangasinan State University
College of Engineering and Architecture
Department of Architecture

The methodologies (principles) used to implement conceptual integrity and attain

system quality attributes are listed in the following non-exhaustive list. On an engineering
level, each approach is composed of multiple other, more specific and concrete
techniques. The following are:
• System Object types definitions using Published Interfaces (Facades);
• Component Loose Coupling;
• Separation of Concerns;
• Single Responsibility;
• Principle of Least Knowledge;
• Technology Transparency;
• JIT (Just-In-Time) process design;
• Single Design Point;
• Plug-In/Out and Switch-It-On/Off Approaches;
• Industry Patterns, Standards and Clichés used within System Concept.

iv. Cross-cutting Concerns

Cross-cutting concerns are features of design that apply across layers,

components, and tiers, such as authentication, authorization, communication,
configuration management, exception management, logging and instrumentation.
These services may or may not be included in conceptual design depending on whether
we need to create them or use external components.

References:
• 59601050 Arch413 conceptualization techniques of design Part 2. (2014,
November 28). dokumen.tips. https://dokumen.tips/documents/59601050-
arch413-conceptualization-techniques-of-design-part-2.html?page=12
• Conceptualization techniques of design - Pdfcoffee.com. (2021, March 26).
pdfcoffee.com. https://pdfcoffee.com/conceptualization-techniques-of-design-
pdf-free.html
• Functional zoning in cities: Concept and overview. (2021, February 11). Rashid's
Blog: An Educational Portal cm. https://rashidfaridi.com/2021/02/06/functional-
zones-in-cities-concept-and-overview/
• yourownarchitect. (2020, June 29). Elements of circulation in architecture. Your
Own Architect. https://www.yourownarchitect.com/elements-of-circulation-in-
architecture/
• Yundle. (n.d.). Prism definition - Definitions and terms for antiques, art and more.
Auctions, Estate Sales, Antiques and Much More - Yundle.com.
https://www.yundle.com/terms-definitions/p/prism