UNIVERSITY OF MYSORE

SUBJECT: Fundamentals of Information Technology

SEMINOR ON : Spreadsheet

presented by,
Rashmi N.
DOS in LIS
Manasagangotri
Mysuru
 CONTENTS

• Introduction
• Basics of spread sheet
• Types of data
• Formulas and function
• Tools
• Useful features
• Uses of spread sheet
 INTRODUCTION

A spread sheet is a software that permits numerical data to

be used and to perform automatic calculation on numbers
contained in a table.
Numerous spread sheets have been produced by the
main software companies. The main spread sheets are;
Microsoft excel, in the microsoft office suite
Sun star office calc.
Open calc.
IBM
 .

In addition ,spread sheet can also easily produce graphic

representation of the data entered.

Histograms
Curves
Sector charts
micro soft excel has initial release in sept.30 1985 ; 30
years ago
 .

Microsoft excel is a spreadsheet developed by

Microsoft for windows, Android. It features calculation,
graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming
language called visual basic for applications. it has been a
very widely applied spreadsheet for these platforms,
especially since version 5 in 1993, and it has replaced
lotus 1-2-3 as the industry standard for spreadsheets.
Excel is a part of microsoft office.
 .

• Excel is a spreadsheet, a grid made from columns and

rows. It is a software program that can make number
manipulation easy and somewhat painless.

• The nice thing about using a computer and spreadsheet

is that you can experiment with numbers without having
to RE-DO all the calculations.
 BASICS OF A SPREADSHEET

• Spreadsheets are made up of

• Columns
• Rows
• and their intersections are called cells
 WHAT IS A COLUMN ?

• In a spreadsheet the • COLUMN labeled D

COLUMN is defined is highlighted.
as the vertical space
that is going up and
down the window.
Letters are used to
designate each
COLUMN'S location.
 WHAT IS A ROW?

• In a spreadsheet the • ROW labeled 4 is

ROW is defined as highlighted.
the horizontal space
that is going across
the window. Numbers
are used to designate
each ROW'S location.
 WHAT IS A CELL ?

• A CELL is the space • In the above diagram

where a row and the CELL labeled C2
column intersect. is highlighted.
Each CELL is
assigned a name
according to its
COLUMN letter and
ROW number.
NUMBER OF ROWS AND COLUMNS

• Version of excel up to 7.0 (16384 rows )

• Version of excel 8.0-11.0 (65536 rows and 256columns).
• Version of excel 12.0(1048576 rows and 16384 columns
 TYPES OF DATA

• In each cell there may be the following data types:

• Labels -- (text with no numerical value)
• Number data (constant values)
• Formulas (mathematical equation used to calculate)

Data Types Examples Descriptions

Name or Wage or anything that is
LABEL
Days just text
CONSTANT 5 or 3.75 or -7.4 any number
FORMULA =5+3 or = 8*5+3 math equation
 LABELS
• Labels are text entries
• Labels help identify what we are talking about
• Labels do not have a value associated with them
• Sometimes called ‘headers’
 CONSTANTS

• Constants are FIXED

number data
• Constants may refer
to dollars,
percentages, or
number of items (in
this case number of
hours worked within a
certain pay period).
 FORMULAS
• Formulas are math equations
that CALCULATE a value to be
displayed.
• DO NOT type in the numbers;
type in the equation.
• It is BEST to Reference as
much data as possible as
opposed to typing data into
equations. That way when
OTHER information changes,
we DO-NOT have to change
the equations or type in
information again.
BASIC FORMULAS &
FUNCTIONS
EXCEL 2010
 BASIC MATH FUNCTIONS

• Math functions built into them. Of the most basic

operations are the standard multiply, divide, add and
subtract.
 SUM FUNCTION

Definition: Tips:
• Probably the most popular • Blank cells will return a
function in any spreadsheet value of zero to be added
is the SUM function. The to the total.
Sum function takes all of the
values in each of the
• Text cells can not be
specified cells and totals added to a number and
their values. will produce an error.
• The syntax is: =SUM(first
value, second value, etc)
SUM FUNCTION
 AVERAGE FUNCTION

• The average function

finds the average of
the specified data.
(Simplifies adding all
of the indicated cells
together and dividing
by the total number of
cells.)
 MAX & MIN FUNCTIONS

• The Max function will return the

largest (max) value in the selected
range of cells. The Min function will
display the smallest value in a
selected set of cells.
 COUNT FUNCTION

• The Count function will return the number of entries

(actually counts each cell that contains NUMBER
DATA) in the selected range of cells.
• Remember: cell that are blank or contain text will not
be counted.
 IF FUNCTION

Definition: Tips:
• The IF function will check • Until you are used to
the logical condition of a writing them, test them
statement and return one out on multiple cells.
value if true and a • There are multiple ways
different value if false. to write an IF statement
• The syntax is: to get the same result
=IF (condition, value-if-
true, value-if-false)
 IF FUNCTION

• IF Functions are like

programing - they provide
multiple answers based
on certain conditions.
DATA TOOLS
EXCEL 2010
 TEXT TO COLUMNS

• Text to Columns – delineate via special characters or

fixed width
 REMOVING DUPLICATE VALUES

• Removing duplicate values – check for and delete

specific cells with duplicate values
USEFUL FEATURES
EXCEL 2010
INSTANTLY REVEAL FORMULAS AND GENERAL
NUMBER FORMAT OF ALL CELLS

• Show all formulas and the general number

format of cells
• Saves you time because you don’t have to
move the cell pointer to check each formula
one-by-one.
 KEYBOARD SHORT CUT TO
INSTANTLY REVEAL FORMULAS

• To do this, just press

the Ctrl key and the
tilde key at the same
time. The tilde is the
squiggly line that is
directly above the tab
key in the upper left
corner of your
keyboard. To change
your worksheet back to
the normal view, just
press the Ctrl and tilde
keys again.
 COMPARING 2 OR MORE EXCEL SPREADSHEETS
SIMULTANEOUSLY

• You can open two instances of

Excel INSTEAD of multiple
files on top of each other in the
same Excel application.
• To do this, simply open Excel
by double clicking the icon on
your desktop and open the first
Excel file you want to use.
Minimize this window and
move it to the right screen.
Then go back to the desktop,
double click the Excel icon
once more, another separate
Excel window will open.
 SORTING
• Arranging data so it’s easy to analyze
• You can sort the data alphabetically, from highest to
lowest, or by a number of additional criteria (such as cell
color)
 FILTERS

• The Filter is a quick and easy way to find and work with
a subset of data in a range of cells.
 TABLES

• To make managing and analyzing a group of related data

easier, you can turn a range of cells into a Microsoft
Office Excel table (previously known as an Excel list). A
table typically contains related data in a series of
worksheet rows and columns that have been formatted
as a table. By using the table features, you can then
manage the data in the table rows and columns
independently from the data in other rows and columns
on the worksheet.
 ELEMENTS OF AN EXCEL TABLE

• Header row By default, a table has a header row.

Every table column has filtering enabled in the header
row so that you can filter or sort your table data quickly.
 ELEMENTS OF AN EXCEL TABLE

• Total row You can add

a total row to your table
that provides access to
summary functions (such
as the AVERAGE,
COUNT, or SUM
function). A drop-down list
appears in each total row
cell so that you can
quickly calculate the totals
that you want.
CREATING A TABLE
 PIVOT TABLE

• A Pivot table lets your arrange, sort, and filter a set of

data on the fly so you can analyze it from different
perspectives with minimum effort.
• Start with a data list with a few columns
• Make sure each of the rows have a value of each one of the
columns
 USE OF SPREADSHEET

• Spreadsheet software is very versatile and can be used

for both very simple and very complete tasks. Lists such
as vocabulary, project can be easily composed in a
spreadsheet.
• Adding or deleting items from a list like is also simple.
• It is also used in management of more complex data
such has earnings, expenses,budget and other
accounting.
• Spreadsheet program used to colcutate complicated
maths includs from basic + and – to %,taxes and
multisteps program.
 CONT….

• Spreadsheet is essential for business, self employed

individuals.
• Spreadsheet programs also include software that creats
graphs and charts from the data provided within the
table.
• This is good for presentation such as business meeting
and research projects.
THANK YOU