Index

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1. ABSTRACT
2. INTRODUCTION
3. THE 5G TECHNOLOGY
4. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 4G AND 5G TECHNOLOGY
5. HISTORY OF 5G
6. PM SPEECH ON 5G LAUNCH
7. KEY CONCEPTS OF 5G
8. FEATURES OF 5G
9. 5G SECTORS AND USES
10. NEEDS OF 5G
11. THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF 5G ON INDUSTRIES
12. SOCIAL ECONOMIC IMPACT OF 5G IN INDIA
13. ECONOMIC IMPACT OF 5G ON GDP
14. ADVANTAGES AND BENEFITS OF 5G TECHNOLOGY
15. CHALLENGES FOR ROLLING OUT 5G
16. FUTURE PROSPECTS AND POSSIBILITIES OF 5G
17. CONCLUSION
 ABSTRACT
5G technology will change the way most high-bandwidth assess their phones. With 5G
pushed over a VOIP-enabled device, people will experience a level of call volume and data
transmission never experienced before ,5G technology offering the service In product
Engineering, documentation , supporting electronic transaction (e-payment, e-transaction )
etc. As the customer become more and more aware about the mobile phone technology he
or she will look for a decent package all together, including all the advanced features a
cellular phone can have. Hence these arch for new technology is always the main motive of
the leading cell phone giants to out innovate their competitors. Recently apple has produced
shivers all around the electronic world by launching it’s new handset, the I-phone. Features
that are getting embedded in such a small piece of electronics are huge.
The 5g design Is based on user-centric mobile environment with many wireless And mobile
technologies on the ground. In heterogeneous wireless environment Changes in all, either
new or older wireless technologies, is not possible, so each Solution towards the next
generation mobile and wireless networks should be Implemented in the service stratum,
while the radio access technologies belong to The transport stratum regarding the Next
Generation Networks approach. In the Proposed design the user terminal has possibility to
change the Radio Access Technology – RAT based on certain criteria. For the purpose of
transparent change Of the RATS by the mobile terminal, we introduce so-called Policy-Router
as node In the core network, which establishes IP tunnels to the mobile terminal via Different
available RATS to the terminal. The selection of the RAT is performed by The mobile terminal
by using the proposed user agent for multi-criteria decision Making based on the experience
from the performance measurements performed By the mobile terminal.
 INTRODUCTION

The present cell phones have it all. Today phones have everything ranging from The smallest size,
largest phone memory, speed dialing, video player, audio player, And camera and so on. Recently
with the development of Pico nets and Blue tooth Technology data sharing has become a child’s
play. Earlier with the infrared feature You can share data within a line of sight that means the two
devices has to be Aligned properly to transfer data, but in case of blue tooth you can transfer data
Even when you have the cell phone in your pocket up to a range of 50 meters. The Creation and
entry of 5G technology into the mobile marketplace will launch a new Revolution in the way
international cellular plans are offered. The global mobile Phone is upon the cell phone market. Just
around the corner, the newest 5G Technologies will hit the mobile market with phones used in
China being able to Access and call locally phones in Germany.
Truly innovative technology changing the way mobile phones will be used. With the emergence of
cell phones, which are similar to a PDA, you can now have Your whole office within the phone. Cell
phones will give tough competitions to Laptop manufacturers and normal computer designers. Even
today there are phones With gigabytes of memory storage and the latest operating systems .Thus
one can Say that with the current trends, the industry has a real bright future if it can Handle the
best technologies and can produce affordable handsets for its Customers. Thus you will get all your
desires unleashed in the near future when These smart phones take over the market. 5G Network’s
router and switch Technology delivers Last Yard Connectivity between the Internet access Provider
and building occupants. 5G’s technology intelligently distributes Internet access to individual nodes
within the building.
 THE 5G- TECHNOLOGY

5G Technology stands for 5th Generation Mobile technology. 5G technology has Changed
the means to use cell phones within very high bandwidth. User never Experienced ever
before such a high value technology. The 5G technologies include All type of advanced
features which makes 5G technology most powerful and in Huge demand in near future.
The gigantic array of innovative technology being built into new cell phones is Stunning.
5G technologies which are on hand held phone offering more power and Features than at
least 1000 lunar modules. A user can also hook their 5G Technology cell phone with their
Laptop to get broadband internet access. 5G Technology including camera, MP3 recording,
video player, large phone memory, Dialling speed, audio player and much more you never
imagine. For children Rocking fun Bluetooth technology and Pico nets has become in
market.

WHAT 5G- TECHNOLOGY OFFERS ?

WHAT 5G TECHNOLOGY OFFERS?

5G technology going to be a new mobile revolution in mobile market. Through 5G
technology now you can use worldwide cellular phones and this technology Also strike the
china mobile market and a user being proficient to get access to Germany phone as a local
phone. With the coming out of cell phone alike to PDA Now your whole office in your
finger tips or in your phone. 5G technology has Extraordinary data capabilities and has
ability to tie together unrestricted call Volumes and infinite data broadcast within latest
mobile operating system. 5G Technology has a bright future because it can handle best
technologies and offer Priceless handset to their customers. May be in coming days 5G
technology takes Over the world market. 5G Technologies have an extraordinary capability
to Support Software and Consultancy. The Router and switch technology used in 5G
Network providing high connectivity. The 5G technology distributes internet access To
nodes within the building and can be deployed with union of wired or wireless Network
connections. The current trend of 5G technology has a glowing future.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 4G AND 5G :

4G 5G
 Uses lower reading frequency of 700  Uses much higher radio frequencies
MHz to 2500 MHz of 28 GHz

 Low speed with less data transfer  Faster speeds with more data transfer

 Latency: the delay before a transfer of  Has lower latency which is predicted
data begins following an instruction. to below 10 milliseconds and in best
Higher latency as compare to 5G that cases around 1 millisecond.
is about 20-30 milliseconds.

 Support lesser number of devices (  Uses a millimetre-wave spectrum

about 4000 devices per square which enables more devices to be
kilometre) used within the same geographic area
supporting arround one million per
square kilometre

 Has led to more congestion and lesser  It uses a new digital technology that
coverage. improves coverage, speed, and
capacity.
HISTORY OF 5G :
 First 5G technology :
The hardware for 5G also saw a large number of developments and firsts. From the user
perspective, the 5G phones were of major interest, but there was a lot of discussion over the
network equipment as well. In many ways, this was a much bigger issue that the phones
themselves.

 5G phones: Motorola was reputed to be the first company to sell a 5G phone.

However, what they sold was a Moto Z3 which was a handset from 2018 and this was
paired with a 5G Moto Mod which provided 5G connectivity.
Samsung was another of the early adopters of 5G for their phones. Samsung’s
first 5G handset was the Galaxy S10 5G. Not only did this have 5G connectivity, but it
also boasted a 6.7-inch QHD+ screen, a 4,500mAh battery, a high-end chipset, 8GB of
RAM, and four rear cameras, consisting of a 16MP ultra-wide lens, a 12MP variable
aperture lens, a 12MP telephoto lens and a 3D depth-sensing camera.
Mobile World Congress 2020 then saw a large number of offerings from all the
major mobile phone manufacturers.

 5G network hardware: In line with the development of the user mobiles, there aaas
obviously the need to develop and install the new 5G network hardware.
In 2019 a controversy broke out with the USA saying that the use of Huawei
equipment would pose serious security threat. The issue had been in existence for some
while because the US banned companies from using Huawei networking equipment in
2012. It was added to the US Department of Commerce’s Bureau of Industry and
Security Entity List in May 2019. This followed an executive order from President Trump
banning Huawei from US communications networks.
A number of countries have adopted not to use Huawei equipment, preferring
other manufacturers like Ericsson.

 5G network deployments :

There had been a lot of talk about the first deployments of 5G mobile
communications networks. Demonstrators had been seen for a number of years at
conferences like Mobile World Congress, and the hardware was becoming more widely
available.
 The first 5G commercial services were launched in South Korea in December
2018. LG U+, KT and SK Telecom all launched services using 100 MHz bandwidth (LG U+
only had 80 MHz) in band n78 at 3.5 GHz, and 800 MHz in n257 at 28 GHz.
Whilst there had been a number of pre-deployment networks installed for
testing and demonstration (Russia, Qatar, Poland to mention a few), the S Korea
networks were the first commercial ones.

Other networks soon followed: One of the first was Vodafone in Italy that launched in
December 2018. In the UK – EE launched in May 2019, Vodafone in July 2019, 3 in August 2019
and O2 in October 2019, although all of these networks used band n78 at 3.5 GHz, but there
were no mmWave deployments. Germany saw launches with Vodafone in July 2019 and
Telekom in September 2019. In the USA, Sprint launched in band n41 at 2.5GHz, and there were
other mmWave deployments.
In fact, in 2019, globally more than 50 operators launched 5G services 5G, and over 200,000
new 5G Sub-6GHz base stations were deployed. Obviously new 5G services were launched with
a great fanfare, but generally the coverage areas were relatively small – typically providing 5G
service to the centre of major city centres where their usage would be greatest.

 5G useful life timescale :

It is generally estimated that the timescale for the first 5G networks will be
around 2020, although there is pressure for some operators to launch much earlier.

the useful lifetime for 5G is likely to be long. As it is aimed at providing general

connectivity, and for IoT and M2M communications many of these applications will
need to remain in place for many years. Utility meters, for example remain in place for
many years, and the utility companies will not take kindly to having to replace their
meters more frequently to follow the cellular technologies. Accordingly the useful life
timescale for 5G is anticipated to remain in use until at least 2040.
PRIME MINISTER SPEECH ON 5G LAUNCH IN INDIA :

Prime minister Narendra Modi inaugurated India mobile congress ( IMC ) in Delhi and
announced the launch of 5G services in the country. During the rollout , PM spoke about
the importance of 5G for the country and the role being played by the country in
development and implementation of 5G technology.
At the event Mukesh Ambani and Sunil Mittal announced the rollout of 5G services for
reliance jio and Airtel, respectively.

 This is an example of India’s ability and capability:

Prime minister Narendra Modi begin his speech by highlighting that the launch
of 5G service in the country is an example of India’s ability and capability.

 5G brings the dawn of new era :

5G brings the dawn of new era to the country. 5G is the beginning of immense
opportunities for the country.

 Rural schools, villages , and poor labourers will also benefit from 5G :
The PM also highlighted that 5G would benefit not only urban areas but also
students in rural schools, villages and even poor labourers in the country.

 New India is not just a consumer:

Narendra Modi also spoke about how India is playing a key role in developing
new technologies and is not just a consumer anymore.
New India will not just be a consumer of technology anymore. Instead, India will
play a hugely active role in developing and implementing technologies . India will
have a large role in the designing and manufacturing future wireless technology.

 India makes history with 5G :

Narender Modi also said that India was dependent on other countries for 2G , 3G
and 4G technologies . However the country is not dependent on other countries
for 5G technology.

 Four pillars of focus for digital India :

Speaking about the government’s focus on the success of digital India
initiative. He mentioned the four pillars where the government focused –
 Digital first thinking
 Device prices
 Digital connectivity
 Data prices.
KEY CONCEPTS OF 5G TECHNOLOGY

 Real wireless world with no more limitations

 Wearable device with AI capabilities
 Internet protocol version
6 ( IPv6 ) , where a visiting care of mobile IP address is assigned according to
location and connected network.

 One unified global location

 Pervasive network providing ubiquitous computing : The user can simultaneously be
connected to several wireless access technology and seamlessly move between them
( see media independent handover or vertical handover , IEEE 802.21 , also expected
to be provided by future 4G release )
This access technology can be a 2.5G , 3G , 4G , or 5G mobile networks , Wi-Fi ,
WPAN , or any other future access technology . In 5G , the concept may be further
developed into multiple concurrent data transfer paths.

 Cognitive radio technology , also known as smart radio : allowing different radio
Technologies to share the same spectrum efficiently by adaptively finding unused
spectrum and adapting the transmission scheme to the requirement of the
Technologies currently sharing the spectrum. This dynamic radio resource
management is achieved in a distributed fashion, and relies on software defined radio

 High altitude stratospheric platform station ( HAPS ) system . The radio interface of
5-G communication system is suggested in a Korean research and development
program to be based on beam division multiple access ( BDMA ) and group
cooperative relay technique .
FEATURES OF 5-G TECHNOLOGY

 5G technology offers high resolution for crazy cell phone users and bi-directional large
hand width shaping.

 The advanced billing interface of 5-G technology makes it more attractive and effective

 5-G technology also providing subscriber supervision tools for fast action .

 The high quality service of 5-G technology based on policy to avoid error.

 5-G technology is providing large broadcasting of data in gigabit which supporting

almost 65,000 connection.

 5-G technology offer transporter class gateway with unparalleled consistency .

 The traffic statistics by 5-G technology makes it more accurate.

 Through remote management offered by 5-G technology a user can get fast and better
solution.

 The remote diagnostic also a great feature of 5-G technology .

 The 5-G technology is providing up to 25 Mbps connectivity speed.

 The 5-G technology also support virtual private network.

 The new 5-G technology will take all delivery service out of business prospects .

 The uploading and downloading speed of 5-G technology touching the peak. The 5-G
technology network offering enhanced and available connectivity just about the world.
5G sectors and use cases

The economic value that 5G can create can be identified through potential industrial advancement areas and subsequent
major commercial opportunities across industry sectors:

Figure 1: Maturity of use cases enabled across industry sectors by evolving features of 5G

AR = augmented reality; VR = virtual reality; IoT = internet of things.

Source: PwC Strategy& and World Economic Forum, “5G for the Fourth Industrial Revolution

different industry sectors, as are the specific defining

features and the level of 5G maturity required.
5G use case analysis 1. Industry advancement: How are they improving and
advancing their specific industry-related key
Approach and performance indicators: cost-cutting, enhanced safety,
methodology better decision-making, etc.
2. Social impact: What are the corresponding Sustainable
cases across various industries. Forty use cases Development Goals (SDGs) these use cases contribute
covering diverse geographies and technology specialty to achieving? This information helps to assess the
areas were collected to extract key learnings pertaining extent of and expected social impact areas.
to their potential impact and pathways to realize this
potential. Transport and manufacturing were the most
Figure 2 : Use case illustrative impact pathways
represented industry sectors with 15 and 11 use cases,
respectively, representing 65% of the total. A series of 3. Functional drivers: What 5G functional features enable
this use case to exist? What is the timeline to realize its
multistakeholder workshops and interviews were also
• conducted to gather insights on the potential effects
full potential? These defining features help to recognize
across a variety of industry sectors. the economic and social value and potential.
These use cases were then analysed across three key
Based on the analyses, illustrative impact pathways were
dimensions:
identified for each case (Figure 2).

1
 What are the direct
consequences of
What activities are these activities?
performed with these
inputs to achieve
What inputs Measure
outputs? Impact
(resources) are
needed to enable this Outcome
use case?
Output How can the impact
What is the overall be measured?
direct impact of this
What has changed
Activities outcome?
as a result of these
outputs?
Input
Source: World Economic Forum and PwC project team.

Finally, the level of maturity required for the 5G to realize its full potential was assessed for the current state, short term
and long term. Selected functional drivers were used as a reference of the 5G networks’ maturity level across all use
cases for consistency, regardless of whether the analysed use case would benefit from those functional drivers.
Current state Short term (1-3 years) Long term (3+ years)

Speed: 1-5 Gbps | Latency: <20 ms Reliability: 99.99% | Latency: <5 ms Reliability: 99.999% | Latency: <1 ms
Industrial advances
The three most significant ways 5G will contribute to industrial advances are by: 1) enabling faster and effective
inspections through predictive intelligence; 2) improving workplace and worker safety; and 3) enhancing operational
effectiveness. Additionally, 5G has the potential to impact industry by managing the carbon footprint and bridging the
digital divide, which together apply to 63% of the use cases identified.

Primary industry sector (10) Secondary industry sector (10) Technology specialty area (11)
Manufacturing Machinery and equipment Internet of things

Transportation Automotive Mixed reality

Public services Logistics Autonomous driving

Health and social work Railways Drones

Agriculture Education Robotics

Energy Info and communications Advanced communication systems

Logistics Semiconductors Artificial intelligence

Media and entertainment Urban infrastructure Cloud

Mining and quarrying Consumer goods Digital twin

Professional services Sports Gamification

Simulation/imaging

1. The manufacturing industry is expected to advance rapidly through faster and effective inspections due to
predictive intelligence enabled by 5G.

Almost two-thirds (63%) of the use cases include an aspect of predictive intelligence, particularly applied to the
manufacturing industry, which will generate significant economic value.

Case study: Bright Machines

Bright Machines manages a cloud-based software for the design, simulation and deployment of the configuration and
instructions used to set up, reconfigure and run any number of physical production lines for assembly, allowing
enhanced operations. This software replaces traditional assembly processes. The key benefits realized through this
software, applied in a North American factory, are:

– Defect rates reduced parts per million (PPM) by 88%.

 – Unit production increased 33% per hour.
– Assembly-line staff could be reduced by 50%.
2. Workplace and worker safety may be significantly enhanced due to technologies enabled by 5G.

Half of the use cases identified lead to improved worker safety and reduced fatalities, through the use of such
technologies as drones, the internet of things and mixed reality.

Case study: Delair

Delair Aerial Intelligence is a reality modelling platform for physical asset management, addressing business
requirements in various industry sectors. It harnesses the computing power of the cloud to turn aerial and ground
imagery data into key actionable insights for operational and corporate asset management. The value this solution
generates includes:

– Maximized staff safety in sensitive (remote and dangerous) areas with real-time video surveillance and automatic
hazard detection
– Savings for the clients due to reduced operating expenses to undertake surveys (eliminating the need to send
workers to high altitudes or hire expensive airplanes for flyovers) – Productivity enhancement and immediate
returns on investment.
3. Enhanced operational effectiveness is another key industrial advancement area that 5G can enable
particularly related to logistics and machinery/equipment.

Almost half (45%) of the use cases identified lead to enhanced operational effectiveness, such as reduced operating
costs.

Case study: Nokia in cooperation with Omron

Traditionally, the Nokia factory in Oulu has managed machine and device telecommunications through Ethernet
cables adding significant costs in rewiring work. Using Omron LD Autonomous Intelligent Vehicles, material flow is
automated. It delivers material from storage to the production line, without any human interference. As product cycles
become shorter due to fast-changing consumer demands, manufacturing sites are under increasing pressure to
rearrange production lines at short notice. By taking advantage of 5G's high speed, large capacity, low latency and
ability to connect multiple devices, autonomous mobile robots automatically convey components to the exact spot
required based on communication with production line equipment.

Social impact
5G can deliver social value across 11 key areas in the context of the UN SDGs, mainly through contributing to good
health and well-being, in addition to enhancing infrastructure, promoting sustainable industrialization and fostering
innovation. Other key areas in which social value can be created through 5G include contributing to responsible
consumption, enabling sustainable cities and communities, and promoting decent work and economic growth.

4. 5G has the ability to contribute significantly to societal well-being through reduced potential injuries and
fatalities.
Over half (55%) of use cases contribute to key performance indicators related to SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being,
particularly in the transportation (eight use cases) and manufacturing (five use cases) industries.

Case study: Starsky Robotics

Starsky Robotics is developing self-driving trucks with remote driving capabilities. It uses teleoperation to remotely
drive the truck between freight depots and the freeway where a highway-only automated driving system takes over.
This has the following benefits:

– Solving the issue of driver shortages by allowing human drivers to work in office environments while making
trucks autonomous on the highways
– Reducing the number of driver fatalities during long-haul journeys by using well-trained, well-rested teleoperators
and exit-to-exit highway automation.
5. 5G is a key enabler to enhance infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovation.

As many as 40% of use cases contribute to SDG 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure. This SDG has a particularly
strong correlation with the transportation and manufacturing industries. As such, given 5G’s strong contribution to the

3
advancement of those industry sectors, the key performance targets stipulated in SDG 9 can be achieved through
various 5G applications.

Case study: Airobotics

Airobotics has developed an unmanned drone solution (total market value by 2025 will reach an estimated $13 billion). It
is an end-to-end, fully automatic solution for collecting aerial data and gaining insights to inform decisions. The industrial
grade platform is available on-site and on-demand, enabling industrial facilities to access premium aerial data in a
faster, safer, more efficient way. The commercial impact this can achieve is:

– Identifying and analysing data for haul road optimization

– Surveying and mapping solutions: collecting and analysing data for better decision-making and enhanced risk
management and planning
– Inspecting chemical plants, refineries and manufacturing sites, reducing budgets for disaster management.

Functional drivers
The five key functional drivers of 5G support certain technological applications. The key drivers identified from the use
case analysis are ultra-reliable low latency communication and enhanced mobile broadband. Massive machine-type
communications and security are also important, each contributing to 45% of the use cases analysed. It is important to
note that 5G could be the ideal technology for certain solutions, but others might be sufficiently served with WiFi, 4G or
even earlier generations.

6. Ultra-reliable low latency communication is the key defining driver of 5G that will realize socio-economic
value.

Of the 40 use cases, 96% rely on the functional driver of ultra-reliable low latency communication. This feature reduces the
time for data from a device to be uploaded and reach its target, enabling use cases that rely on fast response times.

Case study: Schneider Electric

Schneider Electric plans to leverage 5G to simplify factory IT operations, improve support to manufacturing and
accelerate factory digitization. At its Le Vaudreuil factory, 5G demonstrations leverage low latency and high throughput,
and secure indoor coverage to validate a range of use cases along various aspects. These include:

– Enhancing the operational efficiency of field maintenance technicians through content delivery and seamless
assistance from remote experts
– Enabling Schneider customers to remotely tour the factory with a telepresence robot
– Enabling Automated Guided Vehicles (AGV) in the factory to send video streams and sensors and receive real-time
instructions to perform tasks not programmed in AGVs.

7. The second-most defining driver of 5G is enhanced mobile broadband, mainly related to artificial
intelligence, mixed reality and drone-based applications.

Almost four-fifths (78%) of the use cases rely on enhanced mobile broadband, which will help enable the cases that
require a large amount of data to be processed. Ten use cases are related to artificial-intelligence-based applications,
while drones and mixed reality account for four use cases each.

Case study: DataProphet

DataProphet provides technology solutions based in artificial intelligence that embed unique adaptations and advances
of deep learning, enabling artificial intelligence to have a significant and practical impact on the factory floor.
DataProphet’s product PRESCRIBE accurately predicts the presence of defects by recognizing patterns that have
previously been associated with one or more known defects, such as subsurface defects, latent defects (particularly
important where warranty claims could be significant), uncaught quality violations and hidden scrap. Predicting engine
block defects and identifying high-yield operating regions have resulted in:

– A 0% external scrap rate, ensuring cost savings and an overall increase in customer satisfaction
– Monthly cost savings of between $120,000 and $140,000 due to weld quality in automotive assembly lines.
5G maturity
 5G deployment will occur in phases with certain functional drivers improving over time. However, not all use cases
identified require these functional drivers at full maturity. The key features in the current state and in the short term that
have the highest potential to disrupt are low latency and enhanced mobile broadband.

8. Enhanced mobile broadband is a key functional driver mainly related to artificial intelligence, mixed
reality and drone-based applications.

In the short term (within 1-3 years), it will be possible to realize the economic value that 5G can bring to the use cases
that depend on connected units for enhanced data analysis and ultimately, decision-making.

Case study: Volocopter

The company specializes in the design of electric multirotor helicopters in the form of ready-to-fly aircraft, designed
for air taxi use. Its key features include remote control, GPS point tracking, possible sense and avoid integration,
possible autonomous subfeature integration, additional battery capacity to extend range and flight time, air traffic
management (including unmanned traffic management) to coordinate autonomous Volocopter fleets. The benefits
enabled by 5G that could be realized are:

– Reduced number of accidents/crashes

– Reduction in fuel consumption
– Increase in logistical capacity, resulting in GDP contribution

9. Driven by enhanced mobile broadband combined with low latency, faster image/video processing is a
key added value from 5G that can be realized in the short term.

One-fourth of the use cases yield faster image/video processing in the short term across many industry sectors.

Case study: Ericsson

In June 2018, Ericsson partnered with AT&T, FOX Sports, Fox Innovation Lab and Intel in a 5G trial at the 118th US
Open at Shinnecock Hills Golf Club on Long Island, New York, to bring ultra-high-definition images of the event to
FOX Sports viewers. Throughout the event, the 5G network demonstrated sustained uplink speeds of over 300
Mbps, meeting the 60-80 Mbps encoded video transmission requirements. The volumetric video market is expected
to grow from $578.3 million in 2018 to $2,780.0 million by 2023, demonstrating the economic value 5G can create by
enabling faster image/video processing.

10. Low latency is key to enabling opportunities dependent on real-time machine learning, a feature that will
fully mature in the long term.

A latency of <1 ms will only be realized in the long term (in three or more years). Thus, many applications that can truly
be empowered by this feature will have delayed deployment.
Case study: Pymetrics
Pymetrics provides recruitment solutions in the form of gamified assessments and video interviews that collect
objective, behavioural data that is unbiased, unlike résumé data or self-report data. Through a customized and
machine learning algorithm, it maximizes prediction efficiency. Unilever used Pymetrics to recruit 280,000
candidates, which yielded several benefits:

– 100% increase in hire yield – 75% reduction in time to hire –

25% decrease in recruiting costs.

5G potential for economic and social value across industry

sectors
In addition to the socio-economic value identified in the use cases, specific industry sectors that will be significantly
impacted by 5G were explored, focusing on several key areas:

5
 Quantifica Mappin
Identificati Evaluation of
impact are ollection Ma ping of socioeco connectivi y promisin crossindustry
selected quireme imp act o trends o perspectives and
indust ases by 5G conne cases ac area and u area collaboration
featu sectors (bot case opportunities
approa (top-down a

The UN SDGs have been used as a framework to classify societal impact across several areas.10 The results of this
analysis by industry are summarized in the following table:

SDG
Industry sector Key industry trends Sample use cases impacted Transformation enabled
– Hypercompetition with no –
sustainable competitive
advantages
– Increasing volatility from Advanced predictive
business cycles and – maintenance can lead to
enhanced equipment
product life cycles availability and throughput.
– Smart factory floor
– Smart factory advances – Remote maintenance can
– Human-to-robot lead to lower operational
due to developments in
collaboration SDG 7 costs.
the internet of things and
– Predictive Digital performance
automation SDG 8
– The need to securely maintenance management and digital
Manufacturing SDG 9
connect systems on a – Digital twins standard operating
– Augmented reality SDG 12 procedures result in
common infrastructure – enhanced operational
– Increasing consumer – Virtual reality SDG 13 efficiency.
demand for customized – Digital performance Factories of the future
and personalized management have smart, automated
products manufacturing.
– Demand for products that
are more complex to
build and deliver

– Autonomous driving and –

a connected traveller with
telematics
– Car sharing and changing
commuter habits – Digital twin (predictive –
– Electric mobility with the maintenance)
green agenda – High-density
– Digital vehicle ecosystem platooning and Autonomous mobility as a
– Infotainment on the move automation (C-V2X) SDG 3 reality leads to enhanced
– Urbanization and – Smart traffic control individual productivity (less
with prioritization SDG 7
Mobility intermodality time spent on driving).
– Environmental – Remote vehicle health SDG 9 Green and sustainable
awareness and public monitoring SDG 11 mobility reduces
spaces – Massive media car environmental impacts.
– Urban lifestyle and infotainment
growing expectations on – Airborne taxis
public transport – Vehicle-to-vehicle
 – Increasing consumer – Remote patient DG 3 – m-Health (mobile health)
attention on well-being monitoring DG 4 and the wider
– Increasing cost to meet – Internet of medical introduction of
socio-demographic skills/remote surgery
DG 5
DG 8 telemedicine result in
changes – Image transfer AR/VR- increased accessibility to
– Increasing demand on – enabled healthcare DG 9 quality healthcare.
quality, patient safety and Disease management – Preventive healthcare
Healthcare data storage – Wearables and measures (wearables
– Changing consumer – ingestibles
behaviour, freedom of and ingestibles) lead to
Drone-enabled decreased long-term
choice and alternative – medical service
service providers healthcare costs.
delivery
– Mobile banking:
centre of all
– Disruption fro
banking
fintech (technolog SDG 4 – Shorter settlement
transactions
used to suppo SDG 5 cycles in capital markets
– Wearables for
financial service SDG 8 lead to enhanced
payment
due to onlin SDG 9 economic activity.
– Virtual
payments, e wallet SDG 13 – Virtual personalized
personalized
etc. services and all-in-one
financial advisory
– Challenging custome mobile wallets enhance
– Internet of
Financial relations with onlin the customer
mobile transaction moving things
services experience.
and customize – Digital deposits,
financial solutions payments and
peerto-peer
– Structural change
lending
state involvement,
protectionism and – Mobile as a
fiscal digital wallet
measures – Remote teller

– Omni-channel retail – Consumer 3D calls/

strategies holograms
– Personalized retail – Consumer AR/MR
experience – Automated checkout
– Growing culture of – Layout optimizations
immediacy – Try-before-you-buy using
– Smart customer SDG 2 AR/VR results in an
– Increasing relevance of relationship
digital mobile wallets SDG 3 enhanced consumer
management SDG 8 experience.
Retail – Faster e-commerce – In-store
shipping
SDG 12 – Customized in-store
personalized SDG 13 advertisements lead to
– Rising subscription promotions increased sales.
ecommerce – Inventory shrinking
prevention

7
 – Smaller plants
– Electrification and
dependent on
renewable energy
renewable energy and
generation
– Smart grid smart grids enhance
– New decentralized
– Drone monitoring reliability and
business models
capabilities availability.
– Structural shifts with
– Smart energy – Demand-side
increasingly retiring integration with
assets management SDG 7
suppliers unlocks
– Political and societal – Hazard and SDG 8
Energy commercial
push for sustainable maintenance SDG 9
opportunities for
energy systems sensing SDG 13
suppliers.
– Production and – Electric vehicles
– The digitization of gas
transmission assets – Residential smart
networks leads to faster
often located in remote meters
decision-making,
locations – Smart street lighting
minimizing potential
– Need for improved losses.
customer engagement

– Immersive media – Consumers of content applic tions acting as content (ultrahigh-definition,

cocreators AR, – Content-fuelled

– Increasingly VR) iteractions igniting

interactive and – Live i -stadium emotional connections immersive forms of experiences
Entertainment/
lead to increased entert inment – Connected hap tic SDG 3 customer expenditure.
media
– A new sensory s ites SDG 4 – The cons mer as dime nsion to – 3D
holographic SDG 5 c ntent co-creator
entertainment displays results in increased

– Expansion of digital – Gaming (AR and consumer engagement content through new cloud
gaming) – Gamificationis induced platforms and market – Home in other industries.
players entertainment
– Ecosystem complexity subscription for car

– In-venue media AR = augmented reality; VR = virtual reality; M R = mixed reality.

In addition to the direct economic impacts, indirect socio-economic value is also created in four environments:11
Non-urban
Benefits Smart cities environments Smart homes Smart workplaces

Social benefits – Greater access to – Increased – Enhanced medical – Greater assistance

information and educational support/assisted to ageing and
interconnection opportunities living disabled
between citizens through massive – Improved privacy/ populations
– Ability to reduce online open security/safety – Overall improved
traffic congestion, courses – Superior access quality of life
identify traffic black – Better healthcare control
spots and reduce through faster,
accidents remote access to
healthcare services
– Greater access to
information through
improved
connectivity

– Environme – Lower pollution – Lower pollution and – Reduced waste – Cleaner

ntal and CO2 reductions – Reduced energy environments
benefits CO2 reductions consumption and
– Improved natural CO2 emissions
resource – Better and more
management informed electronic
waste
NEEDs OF 5G :

The spectrum used for mobile communications is becoming

congested. Current networks cannot always meet consumer demands
for data. During periods of heavy use, consumers may experience
slow speeds, unstable connections, delays, or loss of service. The
effects can range from annoyances like a streaming movie freezing to
life-threatening transmission delays between first responders in an
emergency.The demand for data will continue to grow as the number
of devices connected to the internet grows. The number of smartphone
users in the United States has increased from nearly 63 million in
2010 to an estimated 238 million in 2018. In 2018 there were 17.8
billion connected devices globally, 7 billion of which were connected
devices such as smart home equipment. By 2025 the total number of
connected devices is projected to exceed 34 billion.

Industries and consumers will rely on 5G networks to power the

devices and transmit the data that drive their daily activities. They will
need networks that can provide constant connections, minimal lag
times, increased bandwidth to access and share data, and the ability to
quickly compile and compute data.

In the health care sector, 5G could enable services such as remote

patient monitoring, consultation, and even remote surgery. In
transportation, 5G will be the backbone that autonomous vehicles rely
on. A 2017 study from Deloitte estimated, “self-driving cars enabled
by wireless connectivity could reduce emissions by 40-90%, travel
times by nearly 40% and delays by 20%.”
THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF 5G ON INDUSTRIES:
Industrial 5G networks have the full capability to cope with the increasing demand for company
data and generation. Such networks can be used to implement several key use cases in the
manufacturing sector with industrial automation and robotic control to provide intelligent
factory solutions.

Companies can employ industrial 5G technologies for end-to-end tracking of goods and
materials and simulation of factory processes. They can also be actively used for immersive
remote operations related to service, maintenance, or assembly. They can also be used for real-
time machine-to-machine communication, augmented reality applications, and monitoring
products and asset data.
5G networks are fully capable of creating socio-economic value. At the same time, the impact
of 5G technology will be significant on specific industry sectors. 5G networks are expected to
create $13.2 trillion in revenue in global sales activity by the year 2035.

The top 5 industries which are expected to gain maximum profit are:

Rank Type of Industry. Sales ($B ) Share of Industry Sales (%)

1 Manufacturing 4,687 5.4
2 Information & Communication 1,569 10.7
3 Wholesale & Retail Sales 1,198 5.1
4 Public Services. 985. 6.3
5 Construction. 731 4.3

For example, the manufacturing industry will witness smart factory advancements due to IoT
and automated manufacturing.

Similarly, the mobility sector will benefit from autonomous driving, massive car infotainment,
and connected travel with telematics. Smart traffic control and remote vehicle health
monitoring will be possible.
With an increasing demand for data storage and patient safety, the healthcare industry will
benefit from 5G services. The role of 5G in remote patient monitoring, remote surgery, and
AR/VR-enabled healthcare will be massive. Some of the advantages offered by 5G to the
healthcare industry are:

 Easy and fast transfer of large imaging files (ex: MRI, PET, etc.)
 Expansion of telemedicine
 Enhanced AR, VR & spatial computing
 Dependable and real-time remote monitoring of patients.
The Fintech sector can finally incorporate wearables for payment and smartphones as remote
tellers. Widespread peer-to-peer lending, digital deposits, and virtual personalized financial
advisory services will now become possible.

Energy sector industries can now have enhanced smart grid and drone monitoring capabilities
with smart energy management and hazard sensing.

Some of the research related to the impact of 5G on the economy may lead to the following
outcomes in the future:

One billion users are estimated to have access to 5G technology by 2023. It is set to take data
transfer capabilities to an entirely different level, with speeds as high as 1 Gbps.

Qualcomm surveys state that 5G-related services will see an investment of around $12 trillion
worth by 2035. These will include enhanced mobile broadband services, mission-critical
services, and significant IoT advancements in retail, healthcare, transportation, education, and
entertainment.

Qualcomm estimates that the 5G value chain in a digital economy will generate revenues of up
to $13.2 trillion by 2035 and provide as many as 22 million jobs.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT OF 5G IN INDIA:

India is expected to assign mmWave spectrum to operators to enable 5G. Over the
period 2025–2040, we estimate that mmWave-enabled 5G will deliver $150 billion in
additional GDP for India.

The manufacturing sector will account for the largest contribution, reflecting its prominence in the Indian economy and
readiness to adopt new technologies to improve productivity levels. By 2040, this sector will account for 20% of the total
contribution from 5G , followed by ICT (12%) and retail (11%). mmWave bands are also expected to provide benefits to
the healthcare1 sector, amounting to approximately $4 billion between 2025 and 2040.

5G : contribution to Indian economy by sector (2025–2040)

1
CASE STUDIES :

mmWave spectrum will be key to delivering additional capacity and high throughput in
5G networks. These capabilities will support the data-intensive and low-latency
applications expected of 5G. While in some cases the applications could be supported
by lower spectrum bands, the potential of mmWave really comes into play when
considering the massive scale of connected devices to be supported in specific areas,
such as those described in the two industry case studies below.

In manufacturing, widespread implementation of industrial automation will benefit

from added capacity due to the higher bandwidth available with mmWave spectrum.
In healthcare, maintaining a high-speed, low-latency connection will be critical to
enabling the most technologically advanced applications such as remote surgery and
telemedicine; these will ultimately help reduce the burden on medical infrastructure
through the decentralisation of patient treatment.

Manufacturing
The manufacturing sector in India is preparing to adopt new, disruptive technologies to drive improvements in productivity.
The Confederation of Indian Industry has tracked 37 Industry 4.0 case studies across the country, in markets including
automotive, industrial equipment, food processing and pharmaceuticals. 2
The government’s Make In India and Aatmanirbhar Bharat3 initiatives are laying the groundwork to enable both small and
large companies to develop Industry 4.0 capabilities.4 Several mmWave-enabled 5G applications can help realise the
potential of 5G for Industry 4.0. These include remote control systems, industrial robotics, remote monitoring and quality
control, and autonomous factory transport.
Such industrial applications will result in a large amount high-capacity, low-latency connectivity of mmWave of data
being transmitted by a vast number of connected spectrum. The relatively small coverage area of a factory devices. The
sheer volume of data, along with the critical floor, compared to a wider setting, is also well-suited to the nature of
some of the applications, will require the reliable, propagation characteristics of mmWave spectrum.

2
 We expect healthcare applications to focus on decentralised
Healthcare patient treatment, bringing healthcare professionals to
rural areas through remote communication technologies,
thus reducing the burden on urban facilities and minimising
the need for rural populations to travel to cities for
Mobile broadband is already transforming the healthcare
industry by integrating remote communications into treatment. Medical data collected by massive IoT devices
patient-doctor relationships. Adoption of mmWave 5G will will contribute to advancing scientific knowledge in the
enable new use cases, due to its low latency and high field, enabling health professionals to better monitor the
speeds. health status of their patients and diagnose their
conditions.

In India, there is a significant urban/rural divide in access to We forecast mmWave 5G applications in the Indian
healthcare, with 80% of the doctors located in urban areas healthcare sector to provide a socioeconomic benefit
serving only 28% of the population.7 According to the amounting to $4 billion over the period from 2025 to 2040.
The applications considered in this forecast include
OECD, India has only 0.5 hospital beds per 1,000 precision medicine, telemedicine, remote surgery and VR
inhabitants, compared to 1.0 in Indonesia, 1.1 in Mexico training in surgical procedures. The mission-critical nature
and 2.1 in Chile. With the recent Ayushman Bharat plan,8 of these applications will require the low-latency and high-
India has sought to leverage digital technologies to help speed connectivity of 5-G spectrum to ensure dataflows are
the poor and isolated access healthcare, laying the in real-time and are not interrupted.
foundations for a more digital-intensive public health Accordingly, we expect URLLC applications to be the largest
sector and ultimately delivering the “Healthcare for all” contributors to the overall 5G benefit in healthcare.
Digital India objective. However, 5-G spectrum bands are likely to be more
relevant to eMBB and FWA applications.
POLICIES TO DELIVER SOCIO-ECONOMIC BENEFITS FROM 5G:
The Indian government has already laid out its 5G ambitions. It has launched a 5G High
Level Forum to ensure that 5G can contribute in delivering government initiatives such as
the Digital India, Smart Cities and Smart Village missions, and Aatmanirbhar Bharat. It
has furthered these ambitions by launching the programme “Building an End-to-End 5G
Test Bed” to advance innovation and research into 5G.
More recently, in its 2020 digital infrastructure plan, it has • The Indian government should initiate the process of
acknowledged the potential of 5G in fuelling industry growth including the new 5-G bands as part of the National
and innovation in India, harnessing the power of emerging Frequency Allocation Plan (NFAP) and make the spectrum
technologies such as IoT, cloud computing, AI and big data. In release timeline available to industry stakeholders as
its National Broadband Plan9, it highlighted the importance of soon as possible.
extending broadband access across the country and • India should consider assigning 5-G spectrum bands to
facilitating the rollout of 5G networks. The government has operators as soon as possible, in sufficiently large blocks,
set out its plans to connect 70% of telecoms towers using to ensure they are able to deliver the low-latency, high-
fibre in five years. The NDCP envisages overall investment of speed and high-capacity capabilities of 5G. In 5-G bands,
$100 billion to enhance India’s digital infrastructure and the GSMA recommends making available around 1 GHz of
reach the $1 trillion digital economy milestone. contiguous spectrum per operator.
As per media reports, operators and vendors are already • Spectrum set-asides need to be carefully considered, as
planning a significant number of 5G trials: they could jeopardise the success of public 5G services
and may make for an inefficient use of spectrum. Sharing
• Reliance Jio has developed its own 5G network solution in approaches such as leasing are better options where
India and has recently applied to the DoT for the verticals require access to spectrum.
assignment of 800 MHz in the 5-G spectrum bands to test
its solution. • Indian regulators should avoid inflating 5-G spectrum
prices as it risks limiting network investment and driving
• Bharti Airtel and Huawei have successfully conducted up the cost of services. This includes excessive reserve
India’s first 5G network trial under a test setup at prices or annual fees, excessive obligations and poor
Airtel’s network experience centre in Manesar, auction design.
Gurgaon, achieving user throughput of more than 3
Gbps. Bharti Airtel has signed a memorandum of – Cost associated with obligations, if any, should be
understanding (MoU) with Nokia and Ericsson to deducted from the final price.
support the company in its preparations for 5G rollout. - A recent study by GSMA Intelligence has shown that
• Vodafone Idea has proposed 5G trials with multiple high spectrum costs lead to negative consumer
vendors including Huawei and Ericsson. outcomes by restricting operators’ financial ability for
network investment. High reserve prices can also
• Samsung is expected to conduct 5G field trials in New result in spectrum going unsold.
Delhi and is working closely with the Department of
Telecommunications (DoT). Samsung is also likely to be - Countries such as Japan and Hong Kong have taken a
one of Jio’s partners for 5G field trials. novel approach to spectrum pricing to promote
investment in mobile technologies by assigning 5-G
• BSNL has signed an MoU with Ciena to conduct field
spectrum at no cost to operators. The Indian
trials, with the goal of a commercial launch by 2020.
government should consider assigning 5-G spectrum
Ciena and BSNL intend to jointly evaluate fronthaul,
with no fees, to entice interest among operators and
midhaul and backhaul transport-based use cases to
help realise the benefit that can be achieved in this
address resilience requirements and latency concerns.
band.
BNSL has also applied to the DoT to carry out 5G trials
with ZTE. • The Indian government and regulators can encourage
high levels of investment by adopting exclusive,
In order for India to realise the socioeconomic benefits
technology neutral and long-term mobile licences to
highlighted above and foster the adoption of the most
speed up wide-area 5G rollouts and encourage improved
technologically advanced 5G use cases, stakeholders in the
spectrum efficiency.
country should focus on the following areas:
5G socioeconomic benefits: model overview

Economic impact of 5G on GDP

To predict the macroeconomic impact of 5G technology on The benefit at the country level is calculated as a function
GDP, we assume that the transition from existing network of the 5G penetration rate, as follows: technologies in India
(primarily 4G) to 5G will deliver an t = time economic impact of a similar magnitude to that delivered i = country
by previous technology transitions. α = 5G penetration rate
β = 5G productivity impact
A recent econometric study5 by GSMA Intelligence, based on the most comprehensive dataset used to date and covering
the rollouts of 2G, 3G and 4G globally, found that, on
average, a 10% increase in mobile adoption increased GDP by
1%. Moreover, it found that the economic impact of mobile
adoption increases by approximately 15% when connections In the case of India, the model foresees β = 0.01%, which are
upgraded from 2G to 3G; and by approximately 15% translates to a GDP increase of 0.1% every 10% increase in when
connections transition from 3G to 4G. 5G penetration rate.

The assumption underpinning the overall 5G benefit is that the

transition to 5G in India will deliver macroeconomic impacts
on GDP of a similar magnitude to those delivered by the
transition from 3G to 4G.

5
5G long-term forecast The weight of each sector in the economy is measured in
value-added terms according to the ISIC Rev. 4
classification. The sources used are the United Nations
Modelling 5G economic benefits requires forecasting 5G Data Portal14 and the OECD.15
connections over the long term. GSMA Intelligence
forecasts for the period 2020–2025 were therefore Each economic sector in India is attributed a score based
extended to 2040 based on a stylised trend of historical on their readiness to adopt technology, with 0 the lowest
patterns of new network technology adoption. readiness and 5 the highest readiness and aptitude to
benefit from mobile technology adoption. For example, the
GDP long-term forecast agricultural sector has the lowest score, indicating that the
sector is generally not well placed to adopt new
technology. Conversely, technology-intensive sectors, such
For the period 2020–2024, the GDP forecast by the IMF as financial services and ICT, are characterised by higher
was used. For 2025–2040, real GDP growth is based on the

Technology readiness by sector

OECD long-term GDP forecast.6, 7 scores.
Each economic sector in India is attributed an overall
benefit according to its importance in the economy and For this aspect of the model we use the results of the OECD
its readiness to adopt new technologies. For example, the Science, Technology and Industry Scoreboard studies, and
agricultural sector has the lowest technology readiness, in particular the recent paper (2018) A taxonomy of digital
indicating that the sector is generally not well placed to intensive sectors16, to identify which sectors are the most
adopt new technologies. prone to technological innovation, with particular
reference to mobile.
In the model, the socioeconomic benefit assigned to a
given sector is a function of three aspects:
• the importance of each sector in the economy
• its digital intensity score
• the average relevance of use cases considered in the
sector, as defined by GSMA technology experts.

The latter two are approximations of the technology

readiness of each sector in the economy. The digital
intensity score is a proxy of technology adoption readiness,
while the average relevance score gives the relevance that
use cases are expected to have in each industry vertical.
Technology readiness score by sector
SECTOR TECHNOLOGY READINESS SCORE

Agriculture, forestry and fishing 1.3

Construction and real estate 1.6

Accommodation and food service activities 2.0

Utilities 2.0

Transportation and storage 2.3

Mining and quarrying 2.3

Education 2.4

Public administration and defence; compulsory social security 2.6

Human health and social work activities 2.8

Arts, entertainment and recreation 3.0

Manufacturing 3.1

Retail 3.2

Services 3.3

Financial and insurance activities 3.6

Information and communication 3.8

ADVANTAGES AND BENEFITS OF 5G TECHNOLOGY:
The new generation mobile network has the transformative potential to provide a
wide range of benefits to the Indian economy, which when combined with artificial
intelligence provides a new face to a connected and autonomous system.

5G networks could improve the accessibility of services such as mobile banking and
healthcare, and enable exponential growth in opportunities for unemployed or
underemployed people to engage in fulfilling and productive work.The Indian policy-
makers can educate and empower citizens and businesses, and transform existing
cities into smart and innovative cities.

Socio-economic Benefits: This may allow citizens and communities to get socio-
economic benefits and comforts delivered by a well-advanced, more data-intensive,
digital economy.

 Broadly speaking, the uses of 5G in India may encompass enhanced

outdoor and indoor broadband, the Internet of things (IoT), smart cities
and smart agriculture, energy monitoring, remote monitoring, smart grids,
telehealth, industrial automation, remote patient monitoring, and
industrial automation to name some of the areas.
 5G technology can be used for agriculture and smart farming in the
future. Using smart RFID sensors and GPS technology, farmers can
track the location of livestock and manage them easily. Smart sensors
can be used for irrigation control, access control, and energy
management.
 It will support medical practitioners to perform advanced medical
procedures with a reliable wireless network connected to another side of
the globe. Doctors can connect with patients from anywhere anytime and
advise them when necessary. Scientists are working on smart medical
devices which can perform remote surgery. Smart medical devices like
wearables will continuously monitor a patient’s condition and activate
alerts during an emergency.

BENEFITS:
 EDUCATION:

 Holographic telepresence – A teacher can be

virtually beamed to a classroom in a remote
location.
 Immersive lesson and trainings with AR and VR .
 Smart class rooms
 HEALTH CARE:

 5G enabled to tele medicine improve access to care and

quality of care.
 Remove tele surgery
 5G enables health care centers – Connect various
applications, people, devices , and processes for
holistic digital experience for patients .
 IMMERSIVE CONTENT:

 AR/VR immersive content

 UHD / 4K / 8K content
 Gaming – cloud gaming and immersive gaming
 AGRICULTURE :

 Autonomous drones – monitoring crops, pesticides

optimization
 Precision agriculture – smart sensor on field to get round
the clock data on social conditions.
 FWA HIGH SPEED INTERNET:

 Utilizing BharatNet infrastructure to offer 5G

services using fixed wireless access (FWA)
 FWA provide a flexible and cost effective solution to
connect sparsely populated areas.
CHALLENGES FOR ROLLING OUT 5G :
 Critical infrastructures: 5G will require a fundamental change to the core architecture of
the communication system. Since the major flaw of data transfer using 5G is that it can’t
carry data over longer distances, the 5G technology needs to be augmented to existing
infrastructure.

 Financial liability: For the transition from 4G to 5G technology, one has to upgrade to
the latest cellular technology, thereby creating financial liability on consumers.

 Capital inadequacy: Lack of adequate capital with suitable telecom companies (like
Bharti Airtel and Vodafone Idea) is delaying the 5G spectrum allocation.

 Late adoption: Countries in the Asia-Pacific region, including India, Bangladesh, and
Indonesia are late in adopting 5G technology, hence, may get decreased revenue from
the service.

 Government subsidies: The likelihood of government subsidies is low, because of the

history of high reserve prices set by the governments for spectrum auctions amid
ongoing fiscal deficits.

 Digital divide: 5G will not bridge the digital divide between rural and urban in the short
term, rather this may increase it.

 Niche service: 5G will be a niche service unlike 3G and 4G which were distributive
services. It will get intensified over a comparatively longer period and concentrated to
particular sectors.

 Previous technology: Consumers are still struggling with basic network issues like call
drops and interrupted data services. 4G networks still cause frequent disruptions in
internet services.

 Interference: There are concerns that the rollout of 5G mobile service could potentially
interfere with aircraft navigation systems. Air India cancelled eight flights on US routes
in January 2022.
Hence it is important to elevate the quality of service of existing 4G networks before embarking
on a new 5G platform.
FUTURE PROSPECTS AND POSSIBILITIES OF 5G :
 India to be an innovation hub for 5G :

5G ecosystem to benefit from increased technology play, Focus on R&D and

involvement of SMEs/start-ups Today, India stands at the cusp of a technology
Revolution. The country is transitioning to become An innovation partner for the world.
This is largely Possible through large scale digital transformation Initiatives underway,
building intelligent platforms and Products, and embracing emerging technologies such
As analytics and Artificial Intelligence (AI), robotics And automation, block chain, IoT,
edge computing and AR/VR. 5G is expected to be a catalyst to bring all New technology
together and propel India on the path Of high-tech innovation. India’s mature
technology Infrastructure is likely to provide the foundation for Boosting innovation in
the 5G era. Success in the 5G Era will require a co-innovation approach between all
Stakeholders – enterprises, telcos, technology players, Start-ups, academia, and the
government. At the same Time, a razor-sharp focus on enhancing R&D capabilities Will
bolster 5G adaptability. The government is setting-up Large-scale 5G test beds to whet
the appetite for localized 5G innovation.
India’s ability to innovate will depend on the participation Of SMEs/start-ups in the 5G
ecosystem. Their greater Agility and adaptability of new emerging technologies Makes
them an important component in developing, Piloting, and deploying 5G. SMEs/start-
ups can Conceptualize and bring innovative 5G solutions in the Market and cater to the
needs of specific verticals. Building an ecosystem with SMEs/start-ups in the center Is
key to identifying future 5G use cases. India has The third largest start-up space globally.
Utilizing local Expertise will be instrumental in realizing a self-reliant 5G Ecosystem in
India.

 5G to accelerate SMEs digital transformation journey:

Currently, there are about 63 million Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in
India accounting for Approximately 29% of India’s GDP. The MSME sector Is pivotal to
fostering entrepreneurship development Especially in semi-urban and rural areas of
India.4 5G is Expected to be a game changer for Indian MSMEs helping Them to increase
productivity and efficiency, enhance Scalability, and open-up new opportunities across
the Value chain. 5G’s biggest value addition to the MSME Sector in India will be in
integrating the entire ecosystem Together, like a marketplace construct. All
stakeholders Can come together to offer a bouquet of services to MSMEs and create
significant value. Serving local Businesses – in areas such as manufacturing, outdoor
Recreation, green energy production, and farming – and Creating new revenue
 opportunities should be the key Focus area. 5G presents a big opportunity for MSMEs to
Enhance their value proposition and influence the lives of All Indians.

 Potential benefits of 5G to the MSME sector

Create business
Create business online intelligence
Protect intellectual
and enhance stability property

Enhance business Improve employee Complete digital

communication and productivity and efficiency transformation
collaboration

 Accelerate 5G equipment manufacturing and generate IPRs :

Innovative 5G applications and indigenous manufacturing of 5G devices would help to

develop globally recognized Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) in India. For India, a head-
start in 5G will enable the country to become an export hub for the 5G device
ecosystem including handsets, IoT sensors, etc. This is in line with the government’s
vision envisaged in National Digital Communications Policy (NDCP) that aims to
maximize India’s contribution to global value chain by focusing on domestic production
and increasing exports. Development of Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) is a must to
promote meaningful manufacturing and increase value addition in India. The
Government may consider providing additional incentives where the IPRs are registered
in India. The Government’s move to launch a design-led manufacturing scheme as part
of PLI will help to position India as a hub for 5G equipment manufacturing and exports.
With the evolving technology, the network is also expected to evolve, and the next-gen
wireless devices would operate on Open Radio Access Networks (O-RAN). Software
would be a major element for O-RAN. Adoption of O-RAN would help operators to
reduce network-related capex and opex and bring in disaggregation and increased
flexibility. India can look to capitalize on manufacturing O-RAN products under the
‘Make in India’ program to cost-effectively deploy 5G networks and launch innovative
 5G use cases. In India, there is clear interest in the adoption of O-RAN among operators,
which is likely to gather pace in coming years.
Therefore, it is important for the government to consider incentivizing the companies in
such domain, specifically for the telecom products, as this may motivate large
companies to invest further in these future technologies.

 Leading to raise in employment and widespread prosperity:

The advent of 5G is expected to create several new job Opportunities in the country.
This would be possible Through continuous upskilling and reskilling of the Workforce. It
is important for the wider population to Take advantage of the numerous opportunities
that 5G Technology presents for widespread economic growth and Prosperity. The
manufacturing sector is expected to lead Job creation owing to impact of 5G, followed
by transport, ICT, healthcare, and retail. In the telecommunications sector alone,
employment Opportunities are expected to grow by 20% year-over-year In 2021, as
telcos start preparing for commercial launch of 5G services in 2022. The
telecommunications sector has The potential to add approximately 100,000 to 150,000
Jobs during 2021-25.5 The IT sector is expected to be one Of the biggest beneficiaries of
5G services from a jobs Creation perspective. 5G will open-up a vast number of Skillsets
in the IT sector including development, IT infra, Quality assurance, production support
for 5G technologies. Between June to November 2021, IT organizations leading 5G
projects have witnessed a 35% growth in demand for Specialized 5G jobs.
CONCLUSION:

 We have proposed 5G mobile phone concept, designed as

An open platform on different layers, from physical layer up
To the application.

 A new revolution of 5G technology is going to give tough

Completion to normal computer and laptops whose
Marketplace value will be effected.

 applications 5G technology is available in the market in

Affordable rates, high peak future and much reliability than
Its preceding technologies