REVIEWER IN SCIENCE 3RD GRADING

Directions: Read and analyze each item. Write the letter of the best answer.

1.​ You are organizing your study desk and notice examples of matter, such as books, a lamp, and a
glass of water. Which of the following statements best describes matter?
A.​ It has weight.​ ​ ​ ​ ​ C. It has a definite shape.
B.​ It is a form of energy.​ ​ ​ ​ D. It occupies space and has mass.

2.​ You are preparing for a science experiment. On the table, you have a candle, a beaker of liquid, and
a ringing alarm clock. Which is NOT an example of matter?
A.​ table​ ​ B. candle​ ​ C. beaker of liquid​ D. sound of the alarm
clock

3.​ You see smoke from a fire filling an entire room. Which state of matter fills the entire space of its
container?
A.​ solid​ ​ B. liquid​ ​ C. gas​ ​ ​ D. plasma

4.​ You see steam rising from a hot pot, air filling a balloon, and ice melting on a sunny day. Which of
the following statements is TRUE regarding the particle nature of matter?
A.​ Matter is not made of tiny particles.​ ​ C. Particles of matter do not attract each
other.
B.​ Particles of matter are moving all the time.​ D. Spaces between the particles are filled
with air.

5.​ A student is observing three different substances: one is ice, another is water, and the third is steam.
The student wants to know which diagram shows the arrangement of particles in a solid state.
Which particle diagram best represents a substance in the solid state?

6.​ A steel ball remains hard and does not deform easily. Which arrangement of particles is found in
solids?
A.​ Moving at high speeds​ ​ ​ ​ C. Closely packed with strong bonds
B.​ Freely flowing and far apart​ ​ ​ D. Randomly scattered with large gaps

7.​ Water takes the shape of its container when poured into different-shaped glasses. Which explains
why water takes the shape of its container?
A.​ It cannot change shape.​ ​ ​ ​ C. Its particles are held tightly together.
B.​ Its particles are fixed in a pattern.​ ​ ​ D. Its particles flow and are less tightly held.

8.​ The smell of popcorn spreads from the kitchen to the living room. Which example also
demonstrates diffusion in gases?
A.​ Dye spreading in water​ ​ ​ ​ C. Spilled milk spreading on a table
B.​ Perfume spreading in a room​ ​ ​ D. Steam rising from a cup of coffee
9.​ While inflating a basketball, students notice that air compresses easily. Which characteristic of
gases makes them easier to compress than liquids and solids?
A.​ They are heavier.​ ​ ​ ​ ​ C. Their particles are far apart.
B.​ They occupy less space.​ ​ ​ ​ D. Their particles are tightly packed.
10.​During a science experiment, students place a liquid in a freezer. What happens to the attractive
forces between the liquid particles as the temperature drops?
A.​ Remain the same​ ​ ​ ​ ​ C. Become weaker between the particles
B.​ Decrease between particles ​ ​ ​ D. Become stronger between the particles

11.​During a science experiment, students pour water into containers of different shapes. The water
takes the shape of the container while its volume remains the same. Which characteristic of liquids
does this describe?
A.​ Definite shape and definite volume​ ​ C. Indefinite shape and definite volume
B.​ Definite shape and indefinite volume​ ​ D. Indefinite shape and indefinite volume

12.​A sponge regains its shape after being squeezed. Which property explains why the sponge returns
to its original shape?
A.​ rigidity​ ​ B. elasticity​ ​ C. flexibility​ ​ D. compressibility

13.​During a science class, students are given several objects and asked to identify which are solids.
Which set of samples are solids?
A.​ stone, nail, pen​ B. ice, water, crayon​ C. radio, car, gasoline D. oxygen, stone, ice
cream

14.​During a classroom demonstration, you inflate a balloon with air, and it fills the shape and volume
of the container. Why do gases, like air, do NOT have definite shape and volume?
A.​ Gases cannot be compressed.​ ​ ​
B.​ Gases have particles that are tightly packed.
C.​ Gases are less dense than liquids and solids.
D.​ Gases have widely spaced, moving particles.​

15.​You heat a gas in a sealed container, and the pressure increases. Which property of gases explains
this increase in pressure?
A.​ Particles move slower when heated.​ C. Particles collide more often as they move faster.
B.​ Particles are tightly packed together.​ D. Particles have a stronger attraction to each other.

16.​Wet clothes dry faster under the sun. Which process is responsible for this phenomenon?
A.​ condensation​ ​ B. deposition​ ​ C. evaporation​ D. sublimation

17.​Which phase change explains the formation of frost on a cold windowpane?

A.​ condensation​ ​ B. deposition​ ​ C. evaporation​​ D. sublimation

18.​Imagine you are observing solid carbon dioxide, commonly known as dry ice, disappearing without
leaving a liquid behind. Which phase change happens as it turns directly into gas?
A.​ condensation​ ​ B. deposition​ ​ C. evaporation​​ D. sublimation

19.​As you observe a candle burning, the wax near the flame changes its form. Which phase change
occurs in the wax during this process?
A.​ condensation​ ​ B. evaporation​​ C. freezing​ ​ D. melting

20.​Which phase change happens in the formation of ice cubes from water?
A.​ condensation​ ​ B. evaporation ​ C. freezing​ ​ D. melting
21.​On a warm day, you notice your ice cream starting to melt. What happens to the particles of ice
cream during this process?
A.​ They come closer.​ ​ ​ ​ C. They turn into a gas.
B.​ They stay the same.​ ​ ​ D. They move farther apart.

22.​Which of the following demonstrates deposition?

A.​ Dew forming on grass​ ​ ​ C. Steam turning into droplets
B.​ Water boiling in a kettle​ ​ ​ D. Ice forming directly from water vapor

23.​As you place water in the freezer, you notice it turning into ice. What happens to the kinetic energy
of the particles during this process?
A.​ It increases.​ B. It decreases.​ ​ C. It fluctuates.​ D. It remains the same.

24.​As you heat a substance, you observe it changing from solid to liquid and then to gas. What
happens to the arrangement of the particles as the temperature increases?
A.​ The particles move farther apart.​ ​ C. There is no change in the arrangement.
B.​ The particles move closer together.​ D. It becomes disordered and then reorders.

25.​As you heat a substance and observe its changes, you notice the particles move more rapidly.
Which of the following processes increases the movement of the particles?
A.​ Melting → Freezing​ ​ ​ C. Condensation → Freezing
B.​ Melting → Evaporation​ ​ ​ D. Evaporation → Deposition

26.​While observing different materials, you notice one changing from solid to another form. Which of
the following examples turns a solid into a different state of matter?
A.​ Ice melting in the sun​ ​ ​ C. Cutting a piece of wood
B.​ Breaking a glass bottle​ ​ ​ D. Shredding a piece of paper

27.​As you eat ice cream, you notice it feeling cold as it melts on your tongue. Why does ice cream feel
cold when it melts?
A.​ It undergoes deposition.​ ​ ​ ​ C. It releases heat to your tongue.
B.​ It undergoes sublimation.​ ​ ​ ​ D. It absorbs heat from your tongue.

28.​Which phase change explains the use of solid air fresheners?

A.​ condensation ​ ​ B. evaporation​​ C. melting​ ​ d. Sublimation

29.​A student wonders how temperature and kinetic energy change during phase transitions. Which of
the following phase changes involves an increase in both temperature and kinetic energy?
A.​ gas to solid​ B. gas to liquid​ ​ C. solid to liquid​ D. liquid to solid

30.​Imagine you are watching steam turn into water as it cools down. What temperature and kinetic
energy conditions favor the condensation process?
A.​ There is no change in either temperature or kinetic energy.
B.​ There is a decrease in both temperature and kinetic energy.
C.​ There is an increase in both temperature and kinetic energy.
D.​ There is an increase in temperature and a decrease in kinetic energy.

31.​While studying atomic models, your teacher explains that certain particles move in regions outside
the nucleus. Which particle(s) is/are found in this area?
A.​ electron​ ​ B. proton​ ​ C. proton and neutron​​ D. electron and neutron
32.​During a laboratory activity, you and your classmates are tasked with identifying unknown
elements based on their subatomic particles. Which subatomic particle determines the identity of
the element?
A.​ electron​ ​ B. proton​ ​ C. neutron​ ​ D. nucleus

33.​Which atomic model compares an atom to a "raisin bread"?

A.​ Nuclear Model​ ​ ​ ​ ​ C. Plum Pudding Model
B.​ Planetary Model​ ​ ​ ​ ​ D. Quantum Mechanical Model

34.​While working on atomic models, you are asked how the atomic number relates to an element's
subatomic particles. Which statement is CORRECT?
A.​ It equals the mass number.​​ ​ C. It equals the number of neutrons.
B.​ It equals the number of protons.​ ​ D. It equals the number of electrons.

35.​In a lab, you examine isotopes, which are different forms of the same element. Which statement
about isotopes is TRUE?
A.​ They have the same number of protons, electrons, and neutrons.
B.​ They have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
C.​ They have the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons.
D.​ They have the same number of electrons but different numbers of neutrons.

36.​Which subatomic particles contribute to an atom’s mass number?

A.​ electrons only​ B. protons and electrons C. protons and neutrons​ D. neutrons and
electrons

37.​During Rutherford’s gold foil experiment, most alpha particles passed through the foil. What did
this observation indicate?
A.​ Electrons orbit the nucleus.​ ​ C. Protons are evenly distributed.
B.​ Atoms have a dense nucleus.​ ​ D. Atoms are mostly empty space.

38.​In shorthand notation, how is the mass number written for an ion?
A.​ As a subscript after the symbol​ ​ ​ C. As a superscript after the symbol
B.​ As a subscript before the symbol​ ​ ​ D. As a superscript before the symbol

39.​While working with atomic models in your lab, you come across an atom with different particle
counts. Which one represents a neutral atom?
A.​ 12 protons and 10 neutrons​ ​ ​ C. 12 protons and 12 electrons
B.​ 12 protons and 10 electrons​ ​ ​ D. 12 protons and 14 electrons

40.​While examining ions in a science activity, you find an aluminum ion with a +3 charge. If the
atomic number of aluminum is 13, how many electrons does the ion contain?
A.​ 7​ ​ B. 10​ ​ ​ C. 13​ ​ ​ D.16

41.​As part of an experiment, you are given a lithium atom with a mass number of 7 and an atomic
number of 3. How many neutrons are present in the atom?
A.​ 4​ ​ B. 7​ ​ ​ C. 10​ ​ ​ D. 13

42.​You rub a balloon on your hair, and it gains electrons. What happens to the charge of the balloon?
A.​ It becomes positive.​ ​ ​ C. It becomes neutral.
B.​ It becomes negative.​ ​ ​ D. It remains the same.

43.​During a nuclear physics experiment, you are asked to calculate the number of neutrons in a
Uranium-235 atom, which has 92 protons. How many neutrons does it have?
A.​ 92​ ​ B. 143​​ ​ C. 235​​ ​ D. 327
44.​How many protons, neutrons and electrons are in the neutral atom of 1735𝐶𝑙?
A.​ 17 protons, 15 neutrons and 17 electrons​ ​ C. 17 protons, 17 neutrons and 18 electrons
B.​ 17 protons, 17 neutrons and 17 electrons​ ​ D. 17 protons, 18 neutrons and 17 electrons

45.​A nitrogen atom forms an ion with a -3 charge. How many protons and electrons does it have?
A.​ 7 protons, 7 electrons​ ​ ​ ​ C. 10 protons, 7 electrons
B.​ 7 protons, 10 electrons​ ​ ​ ​ D. 10 protons, 10 electrons

46.​You are organizing a chart for elements and notice that some columns share similar properties.
Which term is used to describe the vertical columns of the periodic table?
A.​ Row​ B. Block​ ​ ​ C. Group​ ​ D. Period

47.​You are handling different metal objects, such as a copper wire, aluminum foil, and a steel rod.
They all share a common characteristic. Which property is common to all metals?
A.​ dull B. brittle​ ​ C. poor heat conductor​ D. good conductor of
electricity

48.​You observe that elements in the same column of the periodic table exhibit similar chemical
reactivity. Which characteristic is shared by elements in the same group?
A.​ Same number of protons​ ​ ​ ​ C. Same number of electrons
B.​ Same number of neutrons​ ​ ​ ​ D. Same number of valence electrons

49.​You are tasked to categorize elements based on their properties. You come across sodium, sulfur,
iron, and magnesium. One of these elements is a nonmetal. Which of the following is a nonmetal?
A.​ Iron​ B. Sulfur​​ ​ C. Sodium​ ​ D. Magnesium

50.​You are studying the periodic table and notice that elements like lithium, carbon, and fluorine are
arranged in the same horizontal line. What is the horizontal row in the periodic table called?
A.​ Block​ B. Column​ ​ C. Group​ ​ D. Period

51.​Which group of elements on the Periodic Table is known for being inert?
A.​ Halogens​ B. Noble gases​ ​ C. Alkali metals​ D. Alkaline earth metals

52.​While reviewing the periodic table, you find that elements in Group 17 are known for their high
reactivity and their ability to combine with many other elements. Why are Group 17 elements
called halogens?
A.​ They are very reactive.​ ​ ​ ​ C. They are found in all three states of matter.
B.​ They are gases at room temperature.​ ​ D. They form salts when combined with
metals.

53.​While studying the periodic table, you notice the elements in the first column, such as sodium and
potassium. What are Group 1 elements known as?
A.​ Alkali metals​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ C. Representative elements​
B.​ Transition metals​​ ​ ​ ​ ​ D. Inner transition elements

54.​You are tasked to locate an element in period 6, group 4 of the periodic table for a science
experiment. Which element is found in this location?
A.​ Cr​ B. Hf​ ​ ​ C. Pb​ ​ ​ D. Ti

55.​Your teacher asks you to find Silver (Ag) on the periodic table. You locate it and need to describe
its position. In which period and group is Silver (Ag) located?
A.​ Period 2, Group 1​ ​ ​ ​ C. Period 4, Group 2
 B.​ Period 3, Group 8​ ​ ​ ​ D. Period 5, Group 11

56.​You are studying the periodic table and notice that reactivity changes as you move in different
directions. In which arrangement will reactivity generally become greater?
A.​ Left to right​ ​ ​ ​ ​ C. Top to bottom​
B.​ Bottom to top​ ​ ​ ​ ​ D. Both A and C

57.​While studying the periodic table, you notice that elements in certain positions require more energy
to remove an electron, while others require less. How does the position of an element in the
periodic table determine its ionization energy?
A.​ Ionization energy decreases down a group.
B.​ Ionization energy decreases across a period.
C.​ Elements at the top have lower ionization energy.
D.​ Higher ionization energy is found on the left side.

58.​Imagine you are working in a laboratory where you need to choose a metal for an experiment
involving water. You want to avoid a metal that reacts too quickly with water. Which one of the
following transition metals would be the safest choice for your experiment?
A.​ Ag​ B. Au​ ​ ​ C. Cu​ ​ ​ D. Pt

59.​You are conducting an experiment with Copper (II) chloride and need to determine which metal
will replace copper in the compound. Which metal will most likely replace copper in Copper (II)
chloride?
A.​ Ag​ B. Al​ ​ ​ C. Fe​ ​ ​ D. Pt

60.​ During a lab experiment, you arrange metals based on their reactivity. Which of the following is
arranged in order of increasing reactivity?
A.​ K, Li, Na, Rb​ ​ ​ ​ ​ C. Li, Na, K, Rb
B.​ Li, K, Na, Rb​ ​ ​ ​ ​ D. Na, Li, K, Rb

PERIODIC TRENDS:
PLUM PUDDING MODEL:

CHEMICAL SYMBOL: