GENERAL

1.1 GENERAL NOTES AND TYPICAL STRUCTURAL DETAILS SHALL

APPLY TO ALL DRAWINGS UNLESS OTHERWISE SHOWN OR NOTED.
1.2 FEATURES OF CONSTRUCTION SHOWN ARE TYPICAL AND SHALL
APPLY GENERALLY THROUGHOUT FOR SIMILAR CONDITIONS. MODIFY
TYPICAL DETAILS AS REQUIRED TO MEET SPECIAL CONDITIONS.
1.3 THE CONTRACTOR SHALL EXAMINE THE DRAWINGS AND SHALL
NOTIFY THE ENGINEER / ARCHITECT OF ANY DISCREPANCIES HE MAY
FIND BEFORE PROCEEDING WITH THE WORK, OR DURING
CONSTRUCTION.
1.4 IT SHALL BE THE CONTRACTOR'S RESPONSIBILITY TO PROVIDE
ADEQUATE SHORING AND BRACING FOR THE STRUCTURE FOR ALL
LOADS THAT MAY BE IMPOSED DURING CONSTRUCTION.
1.5 ALL MATERIALS AND WORKMANSHIP SHALL CONFORM TO THE
LATEST APPLICABLE STANDARD OR SPECIFICATIONS. ALL WORKS
SHALL CONFORM WITH THE BEST PRACTICE PREVAILING IN THE
VARIOUS TRADES.
1.6 ALL CONSTRUCTION AND WORKMANSHIP SHALL BE SUBJECT TO
INSPECTION, EXAMINATION AND TESTING BY THE ENGINEER /
ARCHITECT. THE ENGINEER / ARCHITECT SHALL HAVE THE RIGHT TO
REJECT DEFECTIVE MATERIALS AND WORKMANSHIP IF REQUIRED AS
CORRECTION.
1.7 UNLESS SPECIFICALLY DETAILED ELSEWHERE, THE CONTRACTOR
SHALL FOLLOW TYPICAL DETAILS AS SHOWN IN THESE DRAWINGS.
1.8 THE CONTRACTOR WILL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE COORDINATION
OF WORK AMONG THE VARIOUS TRADES AS NECESSARY TO AVOID
CONFLICTS AND TO PROVIDE INSTALLATION OF ALL WORKS WITHIN THE
AVAILABLE SPACE.
1.9 DO NOT SCALE DRAWINGS AND CALLED-OUTDIMENSIONS.
STANDARD CODE REQUIREMENTS SHALL GOVERN OVER UNSCALED
DRAWINGS.
1.10 WHERE SCALES AND DIMENSIONS INDICATED ON THE STRUCTURAL
DRAWING SHALL BE COORDINATED WITH THE ARCHITECTURAL
DRAWINGS. ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS ARE BASED ON SITE DETAIL
CONFIGURATION, ELEVATIONS, OPENINGS, JOINTS, SLOPES, ETC.
1.11 MODIFICATION OF SECTIONS AND SIZES OF STRUCTURAL MEMBERS
SHALL NOT BE ALLOWED UNLESS OTHERWISE APPROVED BY THE
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER.
1.12 CONTRACTOR TO PROVIDE THE PREVENTATIVE/ULTRASONIC
TESTING RESULT TO CLIENT. THESE TESTS SHALL BE CONDUCTED BY
AN ACCREDITED AGENCY.
1.13 CASE STRUCTURAL MEMBERS SPECIFIED ARE NOT AVAILABLE,
SUBMIT TO CLIENT ENGINEER AVAILABLE LIST OF MEMBERS FOR
APPROVAL BEFORE PURCHASING.

1. CONCRETE
Unless indicated otherwise on plans, the concrete class
and strength shall be as follows:
1.1 Inform architect/engineers of other miscellaneous
concrete structural elements not shown above to
determine their respective compressive strength.

2. REINFORCING STEEL
a. Reinforcing steel shall conform to the latest edition of
ASTM A615 Grade 60, deformed, for 16mm dia. bars and
larger with minimum yield strength fy = 414 MPa (60,000 psi)
and ASTM A615 Grade 40,
deformed, for 12mm dia. bars and smaller with minimum yield
strength fy = 276 MPa (40,000 psi).
b. All reinforcing bars shall be deformed bars unless
otherwise specified in the plan.
c. All reinforcing bars shall be clean of rust, grease, or
other materials likely to impair bond.
d. All reinforcing bars shall be accurately and securely
placed before pouring of concrete or applying mortar
or grout.
GENERAL NOTES
CONSTRUCTION
1. SETTING OUT
THE SETTING OUT AND THE ELEVATIONS OF THE DIFFERENT
COMPONENTS OF THE STRUCTURE SHALL BE APPROVED BY THE
ENGINEER PRIOR TO THE START OF ANY CONSTRUCTION WORK.
2. REINFORCED CONCRETE
a. CONCRETE MIX AND PLACING
(1) DESIGN OF CONCRETE MIX SHALL MEET THE DESIGN CONCRETE
STRENGTH GIVEN UNDER ITEM 1 OF MATERIALS.
(2) CONCRETE SHALL BE DEPOSITED, VIBRATED AND CURED IN
ACCORDANCE WITH THE SPECIFICATIONS.
(3) FOR CONCRETE DEPOSITED AGAINST THE GROUND, LEAN
CONCRETE WITH A MINIMUM THICKNESS OF 50mm SHALL BE LAID FIRST
BEFORE INSTALLING THE REINFORCEMENT. THE LEAN CONCRETE
SHALL NOT BE CONSIDERED IN MEASURING THE STRUCTURAL DEPTH
OF CONCRETE SECTION.
(4) THE CONTRACTOR SHALL SUBMIT TO THE ENGINEER FOR
APPROVAL, THE POURING SEQUENCES FOR ALL CONCRETING WORK.
(5) THE CONTRACTOR SHALL NOTIFY THE ENGINEER 48 HOURS PRIOR
TO THE POURING OF ANY STRUCTURAL CONCRETE, SO AN INSPECTION
CAN BE MADE ON ALL FORMS AND REINFORCING.
(6) PREPARE AND SUBMIT CONCRETE MIX DESIGN INCLUDING
AGGREGATES GRADATION, WATER AND CEMENT CONTENTS, AND
CYLINDER STRENGTH TEST RESULT FOR REVIEW. CONCRETE MIX
DESIGN SHALL BE TESTED AT 7, 14 AND 28 DAY CURING PERIOD. THE
TEST SHALL FOLLOW THE REQUIREMENT OF ASTM.
(7) USE OF ADMIXTURES IS PERMITTED TO PRODUCE PROPER SLUMP
AND WORKABILITY BUT SUBJECT TO THE ENGINEER'S APPROVAL.
ADDITION OF WATER TO CONCRETE AT JOB SITE IS NOT ALLOWED.

(8) For concrete slab, all reinforcement shall be 0.02m

clear minimum from the top and bottom of the slab.
Temperature bars shall be generally placed near the
face in tension and shall not be less than 0.0018 Bt.
(9) For two or more layers of reinforcing bars, use
separators spaced @ 0.90m O.C. and in no case shall be
less than 2 separators. Clear distance between layers
should not be less than 25mm or bar diameter.
(10) Column ties shall be protected by a covering of
concrete cast monolithically with 0.05m thick and not less
than 1/2 times maximum size of coarse aggregates.
(11) Location of all construction or cold joints must be
approved by the engineer/architect.
(12) Pipes or ducts exceeding one-third of the slab or wall
thickness shall not be placed in structural concrete
unless specifically detailed. Pipes may pass
through structural concrete in sleeves but shall not be
embedded therein.
13) Reinforcing bars, anchor bolts, and other inserts shall
be secured in place before pouring concrete. Bar
placement and supports shall be in accordance with the
recommended ACI practice.
(14) All inserts, anchor bolts, etc. to be embedded in the
concrete shall be hot-dip galvanized unless noted
otherwise.
(15) In general, the latest edition of the Manual of Standard
Practice for Detailing Concrete Structures, ACI 315-99,
shall be adhered to, unless shown otherwise.

b. BAR BENDING, SPLICING, AND PLACING

1. The contractor shall submit to the engineer for
approval all shop drawings indicating the bending,
cutting, splicing, and installation of all reinforcing
bars.
2. Bars shall be bent cold. Bars partially embedded in
concrete shall not be field bent unless permitted by
the engineer.
3. Bar splicing not indicated on drawings shall be
subject to the approval of the engineer.
4. Welded splices, if approved by the engineer, shall
develop in tension at least 125% of the specified yield
strength of the bars.
5. Lapped splices shall be staggered where possible.
6. In general, bar splices shall be made at points of
minimum stress. Splices shall
be securely wired together, stagger splices at least
600mm. Where not possible in beams and slabs, splice top
bars at mid-span and bottom bars near support.
Splice of reinforcement shall be made only as
indicated or permitted on design drawings or as
allowed by the ACI Code or as authorized by the
engineers.
7. Bars noted as continuous shall have a minimum splice
length of 42 bar
diameters but not less than 600mm, unless otherwise
noted.
8. Reinforcements shall be spliced only as indicated on
the drawings.
9. Any welding to be performed must have prior written
approval of the engineer.
10. Welding of reinforcing steel is not permitted unless
otherwise shown on the drawing. Welding of reinforcing
steel shall conform to AWS D1.4-79 AWS Structural
Welding Code of the American Welding Society.
Reinforcing steel which is welded shall conform to
ASTM A 706. Reinforcing steel not conforming to ASTM
A 706 may be used if material properties of the
reinforcing steel conform to AWS D1.4-79.
11. Anchor bolts, dowels, and other embedded items are
to be securely tied in place before concrete is
poured.
12. Typical Hoops & Supplementary Tie Detail
13. Typical standard hook details
14. Typical standard stirrups and hook detais
15. If beam reinforcing bars in a wall the clear distance
from the bar to the farther fsce of the wall shall not
be less than 50mm minimum embedded length shall be
as shown as in table “a”
 Finished 180-degree hook 90-
bend degree
diameter, hook
Bar size D in (mm.) A or g J A or g
(mm) (mm) (mm)

10mmø 60 130 80 155

12mmø 85 155 105 205
16mmø 100 180 130 255
20mmø 115 205 155 305
25mmø 155 280 205 410
28mmø 245 285 300 485
32mmø 275 435 340 560
36mmø 305 485 375 610