Code No: R2032053 R20 SET -1

III B. Tech II Semester Supplementary Examinations, December -2023

CRYPTOGRAPHY AND NETWORK SECURITY
(Com. To CSE & IT)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****

UNIT-I
1. a) List and briefly define categories of Security Services and attacks. [7M]
b) Explain integer arithmetic operations in Cryptography. [7M]
(OR)
2. a) Describe the model for network security with a neat sketch. [7M]
b) Explain Extended Euclidean Algorithm. [7M]
UNIT-II
3. a) Explain in detail about Symmetric Cipher Model. [7M]
b) Discuss about DES algorithm. [7M]
(OR)
4. a) What is substitution ciphers and explain any two methods. [7M]
b) Explain about p-boxes in modern block cipher. [7M]
UNIT-III
5. a) Summarize the public key cryptographic principles. Explain RSA algorithm for [7M]
given example, where p = 3 and q = 11.
b) State and Describe Fermat’s theorem. [7M]
(OR)
6. a) Explain about MAN-in the Middle Attack (MITM). [7M]
b) Discuss ECC (Elliptical curve cryptography) in detail. [7M]
UNIT-IV
7. a) What is HMAC function? Summarize the design objectives of HMAC. [7M]
b) What is the symmetric key distribution? Explain in detail with a suitable [7M]
example.
(OR)
8. a) What is the role of message authentication in cryptography? Explain. [7M]
b) Discuss about RSA digital signature schemes. [7M]
UNIT-V
9. a) Explain in detail Transport Layer Security protocol. [7M]
b) What is SSL (Secure Socket Layer)? Explain in detail with a neat sketch. [7M]
(OR)
10. a) Enumerate the functionalities of Secure Shell protocol. [7M]
b) Discuss Tunnel Modes in IPSec with a neat sketch. [7M]

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 Code No: R2032053 R20 SET -1

III B. Tech II Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations, May/June-2024

CRYPTOGRAPHY AND NETWORK SECURITY
(Com. To CSE & IT)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****
UNIT-I
1. a) What is the need of security? Explain about various security threats. [7M]
b) Explain Simple substitution ciphers with an example. [7M]
(OR)
2. a) What is Cryptography? What are the main challenges and risks? [7M]
b) The coded message MXOQCY IFUDT YDWIE CKSXJ YCUED JXYI was [7M]
received. It is known that the code was a shift code with equation c = p − 10.
Decode the message. Be sure to put in appropriate spaces.
UNIT-II
3. a) What is symmetric encryption scheme? What are the Five elements of it? [7M]
Explain.
b) What are the mathematical concepts used in symmetric cryptographic [7M]
algorithms? Explain how is algebra used in cryptography?
(OR)
4. a) What is Cipher text? Explain with an example about Caesar cipher [7M]
b) What is an Algorithm? Discuss about any one Symmetric encryption [7M]
algorithm.
UNIT-III
5. a) What is Asymmetric encryption? What problems does it solve? [7M]
b) Explain MILLER-RABIN algorithm for testing a large number for primality [7M]
(OR)
6. a) Discuss RSA algorithm for Asymmetric Cryptography. [7M]
b) Given two prime numbers P = 17 and Q = 29, find out N E and D in a RSA [7M]
encryption process.
UNIT-IV
7. a) Describe the properties of digital signatures. [7M]
b) Write and explain the Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA). [7M]
(OR)
8. a) What is authentication? Explain the different types of authentication. [7M]
b) What are the characteristics of acceptable hash functions in Cryptography? [7M]
Justify?
UNIT-V
9. a) What is PGP? Draw and explain the general PGP packet structure. [7M]
b) What is SSL? Write short notes on the keys used in SSL. [7M]
(OR)
10. a) Give the architecture of e-mail system with a neat sketch. [7M]
b) Compare and contrast IPSec and SSL. [7M]

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 Code No: R2032053
R2031011
R2031351
R203135A
R203147A
R203147C
R203105O
P2031051 R20 SET
SET
RA--22

III B. Tech II Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations, May/June-2024

CRYPTOGRAPHY AND NETWORK SECURITY
(Com. To CSE & IT)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****

UNIT-I
1. a) What is a Cryptographic Attack? What are the different types of attacks? [7M]
b) Which Tools are used by attackers to attack web sites? Explain [7M]
(OR)
2. a) What are the mathematical methods used in cryptography? Give their [7M]
significance.
b) What is Fermat's theorem? Explain how it is used in security? [7M]
UNIT-II
3. a) What is Symmetric Encryption? How does it work & Why use it? [7M]
b) Explain DES algorithm with an example. [7M]
(OR)
4. a) What are the two basic ways of transforming a plain text into a cipher text? [7M]
Explain.
b) Use any method to decode the following encoded with a Caesar Cipher. [7M]
Adhziypsspn, hukaolzspaofavclz . Write the original Plain - Text
UNIT-III
5. a) What is Asymmetric- Key Cryptography? Discuss the advantages and [7M]
disadvantages of it.
b) What is Primality test? Explain how it is used in Asymmetric- Key [7M]
Cryptography.
(OR)
6. a) Discuss the 'Elliptical Wave Theory' algorithm for Asymmetric Cryptography. [7M]
What is the security?
b) If A wants to send a message securely to B, Explain What are the typical steps [7M]
involved?
UNIT-IV
7. a) What is Digital Signature? Explain the benefits of Digital signatures. [7M]
b) Describe with an example how the process involved in digital signatures. [7M]
(OR)
8. a) What is authentication? Explain how authentication is performed in Kerberos. [7M]
b) What is Hash Function? What are the applications of it in authentication? [7M]
UNIT-V
9. a) Explain how does PGP perform trust processing [7M]
b) Discuss how SSL provides secure communication [7M]
(OR)
10. a) Discuss about some application avenues of IPSec. [7M]
b) Compare and contrast IPSec and SSH. [7M]
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 Code No: R2032053 R20 SET -3

III B. Tech II Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations, May/June - 2024

CRYPTOGRAPHY AND NETWORK SECURITY
(Com. To CSE & IT)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****
UNIT-I
1. a) What is Network Security? What are the Four Goals of Network Security? [7M]
Explain with examples.
b) What tricks attackers use to hack online banking accounts? How to prevent them? [7M]
(OR)
2. a) Elaborate on attacks threatening confidentiality. [7M]
b) What are the two basic ways of transforming a plain text into a cipher text? [7M]
UNIT-II
3. a) What is symmetric and asymmetric encryption? Explain the various components [7M]
of the encryption.
b) Elaborate on components of a modern block cipher. [7M]
(OR)
4. a) What is Caesar cipher? Explain how Caesar cipher can be cracked? [7M]
b) A plaintext was encrypted with a Caesar cipher with a shift of 7. The resulting [7M]
cipher text is: Kvu'aqbknlhivvrifpazjvcly
What was the original plain-text?
UNIT-III
5. a) How does Fermat theorem is used in finding multiplicative inverses? Explain. [7M]
b) What are the different types of primality testing algorithms? Explain [7M]
(OR)
6. a) Discuss The 'Diffie-Hellman algorithm' for Asymmetric Cryptography. [7M]
b) In RSA, given N = 187 and the encryption key(E) as 17 find out the corresponding [7M]
private key D.
UNIT-IV
7. a) A cryptographic hash function must satisfy three criteria. What are they? Explain [10M
them. ]
b) What happens if a k value used in creating a DSA signature is compromised? [4M]
(OR)
8. a) What is authentication? Explain how authentication is performed in multiple [7M]
Kerberos.
b) What is hash Function? Explain HMAC algorithm. What is to be done to speed up [7M]
HMAC algorithm?
UNIT-V
9. a) Write short note on PGP Key Rings. [7M]
b) Explain the various SSL Protocols and their structure and use. [7M]
(OR)
10. a) What is IPSec? Explain why it is necessary in security of IP network. [7M]
b) Compare and contrast IPSec and TLS. [7M]
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 Code No: R2032053
R2031011
R2031351
R203135A
R203147A
R203147C
R203105O
P2031051 R20 SET
SET
RA--42

III B. Tech II Semester Regular/Supplementary Examinations, May/June-2024

CRYPTOGRAPHY AND NETWORK SECURITY
(Com. To CSE & IT)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****
UNIT-I
1. a) Elaborate on the security goals to be achieved. [7M]
b) Explain the operational security model with a block diagram. [7M]
(OR)
2. a) What is timing Attack? What are the possible defenses against timing attack? [7M]
b) What are the elements of information security? Explain each in brief. [7M]
UNIT-II
3. a) Write short notes on following: Commutative ring, operations on polynomials [7M]
b) Give the basic structure of Feistel cipher. [7M]
(OR)
4. a) Compare Linear cryptanalysis with differential cryptanalysis. [7M]
b) A plaintext was encrypted with a Caesar cipher, resulting in the [7M]
following: DOOV ZHOO WKDW HQGV ZHOO
Can you work out what the plaintext was?
UNIT-III
5. a) How fundamental theorem of factorization is used in finding GCD and LCM? [7M]
Explain.
b) What is key Wrapping? Explain how it is useful? [7M]
(OR)
6. a) Discuss RSA algorithm for Asymmetric- Key Cryptography [7M]
b) Consider a plain - text alphabet G. Using RSA algorithm and the values as E = 3 [7M]
and d = 11 and N = 15 then Find out what this plain - text alphabet encrypts to.
Verify that upon decryption it transforms back to G
UNIT-IV
7. a) What is Random Oracle Model? Focus on the attacks on Random Oracle Model. [7M]
b) Describe with an example the process involved in Digital Signature Algorithm [7M]
DSA
(OR)
8. a) Compare SSL authentication process with Kerberos [7M]
b) Explain Block Cipher based MAC scheme [7M]
UNIT-V
9. a) Discuss the various services offered by PGP to secure e-mails [7M]
b) IPSec operates on two different modes. Explain them. [7M]
(OR)
10. a) PGP uses certificates to authenticate public key. Explain them. [7M]
b) Compare and contrast IPSec and SSL [7M]
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 Code No: R2032053 R20 SET -1

III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, July -2023

CRYPTOGRAPHY AND NETWORK SECURITY
(Com. To CSE & IT)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****
UNIT-I
1. a) Explain the categories of security threats. [7M]
b) Explain active and passive attacks in detail. [7M]
(OR)
2. a) Differentiate policies, mechanisms and services in network security. [7M]
b) Differentiate between symmetric and asymmetric encryption. [7M]
UNIT-II
3. a) Explain about the essential ingredients of symmetric cipher. [7M]
b) Compare and contrast between stream cipher with block cipher. [7M]
(OR)
4. a) List and explain block cipher modes of operation. [7M]
b) Explain DES and different modes of operation in DES state its advantages and [7M]
disadvantages.
UNIT-III
5. a) Explain various mathematics used for asymmetric key crypotography. [7M]
b) Explain round functions of Advanced Encryption Standard Algorithm [7M]
(OR)
6. a) State the differences between diffusion and confusion . [7M]
b) Brief the strength of RSA algorithm and analyze its performance. [7M]
UNIT-IV
7. a) Explain HASH function and its properties in cryptography. [7M]
b) Explain the classes of message authentication function. [7M]
(OR)
8. a) Briefly explain the requirements of message authentication. [7M]
b) Differentiate between MAC and Hash function.. [7M]
UNIT-V
9. a) Explain the operational description of PGP. [7M]
b) Write a short note on S/MIME. [7M]
(OR)
10. a) Explain the architecture of IP security. [7M]
b) Write a short notes on Authentication header and ESP. [7M]

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 Code No: R2032053
R2031011
R2031351
R203135A
R203147A
R203147C
R203105O
P2031051 R20 SET
SET
RA--22

III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, July -2023

CRYPTOGRAPHY AND NETWORK SECURITY
(Com. To CSE & IT)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****

UNIT-I
1. a) Write a brief note on integrity and non-repudiation with an example. [7M]
b) Explain the network security model with neat sketch. [7M]
(OR)
2. a) Illustrate a brief note on security goals. [7M]
b) Define security attack, security mechanism and security services. [7M]
UNIT-II
3. a) Explain the techniques involved for each round in DES with neat sketch [7M]
b) Differentiate between cryptanalysis and brute force attack. [7M]
(OR)
4. a) Explain about symmetric key cryptography and public key cryptography. [7M]
b) Explain AES and various operations used in its round function. [7M]
UNIT-III
5. a) Perform encryption and decryption using RSA for p=17, q=11, e=7, M=88 [7M]
b) Write about elliptic curve cryptography. [7M]
(OR)
6. a) Explain substitute byte transformation in AES. [7M]
b) Explain the primitive operations of RC5. [7M]
UNIT-IV
7. a) Differentiate between internal and external error control. [7M]
b) Explain the role of compression function in hash function. [7M]
(OR)
8. a) Explain any one Hash algorithm. [7M]
b) Explain the requirements of digital signature scheme. [7M]
UNIT-V
9. a) Explain in detail the operation of SSL . [7M]
b) Write a short notes on E-mail security. [7M]
(OR)
10. a) Explain the services provided by PGP. [7M]
b) Differentiate between SSL version 3 and TLS. [7M]

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 R20 SET -3
Code No: R2032053

III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, July -2023

CRYPTOGRAPHY AND NETWORK SECURITY
(Com. To CSE & IT)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****
UNIT-I
1. a) Explain different types of security services [7M]
b) What are the basic mathematical concepts used in cryptography? Explain with [7M]
examples.
(OR)
2. a) Explain various types of cryptanalytic attacks and cryptanalysis and [7M]
cryptology.
b) What is steganography? explain the techniques in it, it from cryptography. [7M]
UNIT-II
3. a) Briefly explain AES with neat sketch. [7M]
b) Explain the transformation functions and key expansion for each round in AES. [7M]
(OR)
4. a) Write about different symmetric key ciphers. [7M]
b) Draw the general structure of DES and explain encryption and decryption [7M]
process.
UNIT-III
5. a) Explain the primitive operations of RC5. [7M]
b) Differentiate between private key and public key encryption. [7M]
(OR)
6. a) Perform decryption and encryption using RSA algorithm with [7M]
p=3,q=11,e=7,N=5
b) Justify your answer whether Diffie Hellman key exchange protocol is [7M]
vulnerable.
UNIT-IV
7. a) Differentiate between message authentication and one-way hash function. [7M]
b) Write the difference between MD5 and SHA. [7M]
(OR)
8. a) Explain secure hash algorithm in detail. [7M]
b) Explain different types of attacks that are addressed by message authentication. [7M]
UNIT-V
9. a) Give a brief note on IP security. [7M]
b) Explain internet key management in IPSEC. [7M]
(OR)
10. a) Explain SET with neat sketch. [7M]
b) Explain the features of SET. [7M]

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 Code No: R2032053 SET -4
R20
III B. Tech II Semester Regular Examinations, July -2023
CRYPTOGRAPHY AND NETWORK SECURITY
(Com. To CSE & IT)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****

UNIT-I
1. a) What kinds of services are provided for data security? Discuss in detail. [7M]
b) Define plain text, cipher text, enciphering, deciphering with an example. [7M]
(OR)
2. a) Explain the aspects required for network security model. [7M]
b) Write a short note on authentication and data integrity. [7M]
UNIT-II
3. a) Explain the block structures and S-Box design used in DES algorithm. [7M]
b) Describe about RC4 and RC5 algorithm. [7M]
(OR)
4. a) Explain the strength and weakness of DES algorithm. [7M]
b) Describe various mathematics used for symmetric key encryption algorithm. [7M]
UNIT-III
5. a) User A&B exchange the key using Diffie Hellman algorithm assume A=5, [7M]
q=11, XA=2,XB=3 find YA,YB,K
b) Explain the approaches to attack the RSA algorithm. [7M]
(OR)
6. a) State the difference between AES decryption algorithm and the equivalent [7M]
inverse cipher.
b) Explain RSA algorithm in detail. Identify the possible threats for RSA [7M]
algorithm and list their counter measures.
UNIT-IV
7. a) Give a brief note on digital signature algorithm. [7M]
b) Explain in detail about hash function. [7M]
(OR)
8. a) Discuss about the objectives of HMAC and its security features. [7M]
b) Explain MD5 with neat sketch. [7M]
UNIT-V
9. a) Write a short notes on web security. [7M]
b) Explain the steps involved in SET. [7M]
(OR)
10. a) Differentiate between SSL connection and SSL session. [7M]
b) Why is the segmentation and reassembly function in PGP needed explain? [7M]

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