Tribhuvan University

Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

Online Doctor Appointment booking System

A Project Report

Submitted to
Department of Computer Application
Thames International College

In partial fulfillment of the requirements or the Bachelors in Computer Application

Submitted by
Sachin Singh Chaudhary
BCA 4th Semester
Registration No: 6-2-450-22-2020
August 2023

Under the Supervision of

Kishor Singh

I
 Tribhuvan University
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences

Thames International College

Supervisor’s Recommendation

I hereby recommend that this project prepared under by supervision by Sachin singh
Chaudhary entitled “Online doctor Appointment Booking System” in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor in Computer Application is
recommend for the final evaluation.

Project Supervisor
Kishor Singh
BCA Department
Thames International
College

II
 Tribhuvan University
Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences
Thames International College

LETTER OF APPROVAL

This is to certify that this project prepared by Sachin Singh Chaudhary entitled “Online
doctor appointment Booking System” in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of Bachelor in Computer Application has been evaluated.

SIGNATURE of Supervisor SIGNATURE of HOD/ Coordinator

Kishor Singh
Mr. Surendra Malla
Faculty at SOIT
Head of Department
School of Information Technology
(SOIT) School of Information Technology (SOIT)
Old Baneshwor, Kathmandu Old Baneshwor, Kathmandu

SIGNATURE of Internal SIGNATURE of External

Examiner Mr. Pesal Rai Examiner Er. Kumar Prasun

Assistant Professor
Faculty at SOIT

III
 Tribhuvan University

ABSTRACT

The Online Doctor Appointment Booking System is a dynamic and interactive website
that processes and stores data using PHP and MySQL and uses HTML, CSS, and
JavaScript for the user interface. It features a responsive UI, cross-browser
interoperability, and usability. These technologies work together to provide personalized
content, user identification, and effective data retrieval. In order to safeguard user
information, the system also offers features like registration, login, personalized profiles,
and interactive forms.

Keyword: PHP, HTML, CSS, JAVASCRIPT, MYSQL

IV
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to express our special thanks of gratitude to our supervisor Mr. Kishor
Singh who gave us the golden opportunity to do this wonderful project on the topic of
“Online doctor appointment booking system” which also helped us in doing a lot of
research and we came to know about so many new tools and technologies.

We would like to express our special thanks of gratitude to our Head of Department Mr.
Surendra Malla who gave us permission for doing this Project.

I am highly indebted to Thames International College for their guidance and constant
supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the Project and
support in the completion.

We would also like to express my gratitude towards library and member of Thames
International College for their kind co-operation and encouragement which help me in
completion of this Project

We would also like to thank our parents and friends who helped us a lot in finalizing this
project within the limited time frame.

In the end, we would also like to thank Tribhuvan University for giving us this
opportunity via the course of Computer Application to help us understand the project
ethics at this early stage and helped us to evaluate my knowledge and expand it a little
more.

Yours Sincerely,

Sachin Singh Chaudhary

V
 Contents

.......................................................................................................................................I
Supervisor’s Recommendation............................................................................................................II
LETTER OF APPROVAL..................................................................................................................III
ABSTRACT.........................................................................................................................................IV
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT....................................................................................................................V
List Of Figures..................................................................................................................................VIII
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.............................................................................................................IX
CHAPTER 1.........................................................................................................................................10
INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................................10
1.1 Introduction.............................................................................................................................10
1.2 Problem Statement..................................................................................................................10
1.3 Objectives.................................................................................................................................11
Scope and Limitation....................................................................................................................11
1.4 Scope.....................................................................................................................................11
1.5 Limitation of Existing System.............................................................................................12
Chapter 2..............................................................................................................................................15
Background Study and Literature Review........................................................................................15
2.1 Background Study.....................................................................................................................15
2.2 Literature Review......................................................................................................................16
2.2.4 Existing Online doctor appointment booking System.............................................................17
CHAPTER 3.........................................................................................................................................18
System Analysis and Design................................................................................................................18
3.1 System Analysis..................................................................................................................18
3.1.1 Requirement Analysis.............................................................................................................19
3.1.2 Feasibility Analysis................................................................................................................21

VI
 3.1.3 Data Modeling Diagram (E-R Diagram).............................................................................23
3.1.4. Data Flow Diagram.............................................................................................................25
3.2 System Design..........................................................................................................................26
3.2.1 Architectural Design...............................................................................................................26
3.2.2 System Flow chart..................................................................................................................27
3.2.3 Physical DFD...................................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
Data Flow Diagram..............................................................................................................................25
Chapter 4..............................................................................................................................................28
Implementation and Testing...............................................................................................................28
4.1 Implementation........................................................................................................................28
4.1.1. Tools Used (CASE tools, Programming language, Database platforms).........................28
4.1.2 Implementation Details of Modules (Description of procedures/functions).....................30
4.2 Testing......................................................................................................................................30
4.1.2. Test case of unit testing.......................................................................................................30
Patients Registration.....................................................................................................................31
4.2.2 Test case for system testing..................................................................................................32
Test Case for Appointment booking success...............................................................................33
CHAPTER: 5.......................................................................................................................................34
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE RECOMMENDATIONS..............................................................34
5.1. Conclusion...............................................................................................................................34
5.2. Future Recommendation........................................................................................................34
Bibliography.........................................................................................................................................35
References.............................................................................................................................................35
APPENDIX: SYSTEM SCREENSHOTS.........................................................................................36
Database Overview........................................................................................................................36
Frontend overview...............................................................................................................................39

VII
 List Of Figures

Figure 2.1: Traditional vs Modern doctor booking system……………………….……...6

Figure 3.1: Waterfall Methodology for Online doctor appointment booking system……9

Figure 3.2: Use case Diagram………….….……………………………………………11

Figure 3.3: Gantt chart table……………………………………………………………13

Figure 3.4: E-R Diagram……………………………………………………………….15

Figure 3.5: Data flow diagram 0 level…………………………………………..…..….16

Figure 3.4: Data flow diagram 1 level……………………………………………….…16

Figure 3.5: Architectural design of Online doctor appointment booking system………17

Figure 3.6: System Flow chart………………………………………………………….17

VIII
IX
 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

CSS Cascading Style Sheet

DFD Data Flow Diagram

ER E-R Diagram

GUI Graphical User Interface

HTML Hyper Text Markup Language

MySQL Structured Query Language

PHP Hyper Text Processor

CRUD Create, Read, Update and Delete

JS Java Script

UI User Interface

X
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

In our daily life, we are facing numerous problems. Sickness is one of the most
commonplace troubles in a person’s life. If anybody is ill and wants to visit a doctor for
checkup, he needs to go to the hospital and wait till the doctor is available.

Suppose the doctor cancels the appointment for some emergency reasons after getting the
appointment. In that case, the patient will not know about the cancellation of the
appointment until he goes to the clinic. So, it is crucial to have a session with the doctors
whenever we are infected with various diseases. As the internet is now available for every
person, anyone cause the online appointment system to overcome such problems and
inconvenience for the patients. The vision of this task is to create a doctor-patient
managing system to help patients book doctor appointments and fulfil their prospects. In
this system, doctors are allowed to control their booking slots, and patients can make their
appointment to book empty spaces, too. that is the reservation system for counselling
with the aid of patients’ names. This system manages different varieties of doctors
simultaneously, and patient scan choose their anticipated one for booking. This project
aims to develop a database application system with the aid of making use of the theories,
methodologies, tools, and technologies we learned.

1.2 Problem Statement

In context our daily lives, seeking medical attention is an essential aspect of maintaining
good health. However, the traditional process of booking doctor appointments can be
cumbersome, time-consuming, and inefficient. Patients often face challenges such as long
waiting times, difficulty in accessing medical services, and the possibility of appointment
cancellations without prior notice.

Another problem lies is the lack of an efficient and user-friendly system that allows
patients to schedule doctor appointments conveniently and securely. The existing manual
appointment booking systems in hospitals and clinics can lead to inefficiencies,
miscommunication, and potential delays in patient care.

11
1.3 Objectives

The main objective of the Project on Doctor Appointment System is to manage the details
of Doctor, Appointment, Patient, Booking, Doctor Schedule. It manages all the
information about Doctor, Doctor Fees, Doctor Schedule, Doctor. The project is totally
built at administrative end and thus only the administrator is guaranteed the access. The
purpose of the project is to build an application program to reduce the manual work for
managing the Doctor, Appointment, Doctor Fees, Patient. It tracks all the details about the
Patient, Booking, Doctor Schedule.

The major objectives of Online doctor appointment booking system are listed below:

 Provides the searching facilities based on various factors such as Doctor, Patient,
Booking, Doctor Schedule.
 Doctor Appointment System also manage the doctor fee details online for booking
details, Doctor schedule details, Doctor.
 It tracks all the information of appointment, doctor fee, booking etc.
 Manage the information of appointment.
 Show the information and description of the Doctor, Patient.
 To increase efficiency of managing the doctor, appointment.
 It deals with monitoring the information and transactions of booking.
 Manage the information of doctor.
 Editing, adding and updating of record is improved which results in proper
resources management of doctor data.
 Manage the information of booking.
 Integration of all records of doctor schedule.

Scope and Limitation

1.4 Scope
The scope of this project will focus on the patient, doctors and hospitals who will use the
system to make and manage the appointment via online services. This project will be
implemented and useful for all doctors and patient. The doctor and hospital to manage the
appointment for the patients those who would like to have the appointment for the doctor
in specific place date via online system anytime and anywhere. And this system does,

12
after the patient arrive hospital, nurse collects the patient’s information and sends it to the
doctor before the patient is diagnosed.

The system has been facing problems due to its paper-based appointment system. With
the increase in the number of patients visiting, it has become difficult to manage the
appointment system manually. Recording of appointments and creating registers by pen
and paper has become a tedious task. And also, it’s difficult to manage huge number of
patient database.

This online web application gives solution to the MH patients and employees. This
system which manages complete MH details in a single application and in a single
database. The users will use this system to handle all the functionalities easily. Doctors
will also use the system to keep track of the patients consulting to them. The intentions of
the system are to reduce over-time pay and increase the number of patients that can be
treated accurately

1.5 Limitation of Existing System

The current system, for booking doctor appointments has a drawback that should be
considered;
 Limited Availability; Sometimes the system may not provide access to a range of
doctors or medical specialists. This can lead to wait times or difficulties in finding
an appointment with your doctor.

 Lack of Real Time Updates; The system may not always have up to date
information on the availability of doctors’ appointments. As a result, patients may
end up booking appointments that have already been filled or canceled by the
doctor.

 Inefficient Booking Process; The process of booking appointments could be

cumbersome and time-consuming involving steps and form submissions that can
frustrate users.

13
  Lack of Customization; Patients might not have the option to specify their time
slots or specific medical requirements when using the system, which could result
in appointments that don't fully meet their needs.

 Limited Integration; Some systems may not integrate with patients’ electronic
health records or medical history making it challenging for doctors to have context
during the appointment.

 Security Concerns; Data security and privacy could be a concern with systems if
they don't implement strong encryption and protection measures, for patient
information.

 Issues; There's always a possibility of technical glitches or server downtimes

occurring, which can prevent patients from accessing the system or booking
appointments when they need them most.

There may be a lack of follow up options or reminders, from the system, which could
result in missed appointments or a disruption in the continuity of care. Patients who have
limited access, to the internet or technology might encounter challenges when trying to
use the online appointment booking system.

Introduction

This chapter deals with the introduction of the system with its
objectives and limitations along with the reason why the system
is made.

Background Study and Literature Review

This chapter summarizes the work that has been carried out in
the field of data mining and also describes the features about
some existing applications related to the sponsorship
management system.

System Analysis and Design

14
This chapter focuses on the different requirement of the
system, which describes about the functional, non-functional,
feasibility analysis, Entity Relational diagram, Data Flow
Diagram, design of the system with system architecture,
database schema, and interface design.
Implementation and Testing

This chapter emphasizes tools used in system development,

implementing details and result of test performed.

Conclusion and Future Recommendation

This chapter highlights brief summary of lesson learnt,

outcome and conclusion of the whole project and explain what
have been done and what further improvements could be

The first part of the report

done.

contains the summarized

introduction of the whole
report. It
includes the overview,
scope and limitation,
problem statement and
objectives of this
project.

15
The second chapter
includes background study
i.e. description of
fundamental theories,
general concepts and
terminology related to the
project. It also includes the
literature review
i.e. review of the similar
projects, research and
theories done by other
researchers.
The third chapter includes
the system analysis and
design phase in which the
report

16
of functional and non-
functional requirements of
the project is stated using use
case and
system diagrams. It also
includes the feasibility
study about the system
which explains
whether the system
development process is
affordable and within the
knowledge range of
the developers. It shows the
technical, operational and
economic feasibility of the
project

17
development phase. The
explanation of the designing
of the system is also done in
this
chapter. It includes data
modeling and process
modeling which is explained
by using ER
diagram and Data Flow
Diagram. The architectural
design, database design and
the user
interface design is also listed
in this chapter.
The fourth chapter includes
the implementation and

18
testing phase of the proposed
system.
In the implementation
phase, the tools like CASE
tools, programming
languages and
database platforms are
implemented.
The fifth chapter includes
conclusion and future
recommendation. This
contains the
final paragraphs of the
report and in this phase the
overall outcome and the
developer s‟

19
point of view is written. The
lesson that I learned through
all the phases can also be
included
in this phase.
1.6 Report Organization

Introduction

This chapter deals with the introduction of the system with its objectives and
limitations along with the reason why the system is made.

Background Study and Literature Review

This chapter summarizes the work that has been carried out in the field of data
mining and also describes the features about some existing applications related to
the sponsorship management system.

System Analysis and Design

This chapter focuses on the different requirement of the system, which describes
about the functional, non-functional, feasibility analysis, Entity Relational
diagram, Data Flow Diagram, design of the system with system architecture,
database schema, and interface design.

Implementation and Testing

This chapter emphasizes tools used in system development, implementing details

and result of test performed.

Conclusion and Future Recommendation

20
This chapter highlights brief summary of lesson learnt, outcome and conclusion of
the whole project and explain what have been done and what further improvements
could be done.

Chapter 2

Background Study and Literature Review

2.1 Background Study

The online doctor appointment booking system is an innovative solution that leverages
technology to streamline the process of scheduling and managing medical appointments.

21
It has become increasingly popular in recent years due to its numerous benefits for both
patients and healthcare providers.

online doctor appointment booking system has revolutionized the way healthcare
appointments are scheduled and managed. Its convenience, accessibility, and integration
with digital health technologies have significantly improved patient experiences and
healthcare efficiency. As technology continues to evolve, online appointment systems will
play a vital role in shaping the future of healthcare delivery.

Fig 2.1: Traditional vs Modern doctor booking system

2.2 Literature Review

The traditional method of scheduling doctor appointments involved patients making

phone calls or visiting the healthcare facility in person to book an appointment. This
process was often time-consuming and inefficient, leading to long wait times and
difficulties in securing appointments with preferred doctors.

22
The advent of the internet and advancements in technology have revolutionized the
healthcare industry, leading to the development of online doctor appointment booking
systems. These systems provide a user-friendly interface that allows patients to browse
through a list of available doctors, view their schedules, and book appointments based on
their preferences.

The first part of the report

contains the summarized
introduction of the whole
report. It
includes the overview,
scope and limitation,
problem statement and
objectives of this
project.
The second chapter
includes background study
i.e. description of
fundamental theories,

23
general concepts and
terminology related to the
project. It also includes the
literature review
i.e. review of the similar
projects, research and
theories done by other
researchers.
The third chapter includes
the system analysis and
design phase in which the
report
of functional and non-
functional requirements of
the project is stated using use
case and

24
system diagrams. It also
includes the feasibility
study about the system
which explains
whether the system
development process is
affordable and within the
knowledge range of
the developers. It shows the
technical, operational and
economic feasibility of the
project
development phase. The
explanation of the designing
of the system is also done in
this

25
chapter. It includes data
modeling and process
modeling which is explained
by using ER
diagram and Data Flow
Diagram. The architectural
design, database design and
the user
interface design is also listed
in this chapter.
The fourth chapter includes
the implementation and
testing phase of the proposed
system.
In the implementation
phase, the tools like CASE

26
tools, programming
languages and
database platforms are
implemented.
The fifth chapter includes
conclusion and future
recommendation. This
contains the
final paragraphs of the
report and in this phase the
overall outcome and the
developer s‟
point of view is written. The
lesson that I learned through
all the phases can also be
included

27
in this phase.
2.2.1 Waiting Time
To say that one must wait for a certain action to take place after a request or mandate has
been made for that action is to use the term "waiting time" (Fernandes et al., 1994). "The
amount of time between the time the patient attended the outpatient clinic to the time the
patient actually got his or her prescription" has been characterized as "patient waiting
time" (Jamaiah, 2003). It is defined as the time it takes to get a doctor's appointment after
registering. There were two stages of waiting: first, to see a doctor, and second, to get
medication (Suriani, 2003).

2.2.2 Online booking system

Web-based systems and online systems are both terms that describe the same thing.
Computer programmers running web servers allow access to a collection of connected
web pages, which are often known as "web pages" or "websites" (Alex, 2000). In a
system, each component works independently to accomplish a shared purpose. It is thus
possible to employ web-based systems to execute specialized operations through the

Internet for specific objectives. The system that links computers to other computers and
networks is known as the Internet. Users may access data on other computers from afar
thanks to this technology, which connects millions of networks worldwide.

2.2.3 Appointment Delay

For every day a patient seeks an appointment, there is a greater probability that he/she
may cancel or not show up for that appointment. There were 31 percent of the 5901
samples who cancelled or did not show up for their doctor's appointment, according to
(Gallucci, G., n. d. 2005). The majority of these appointments are arranged within a few
days of the appointment being made. In this case, the best course of action is to encourage
patients to arrive as soon as possible or to arrange an appointment at a time that works for
them (Idowu, A. P., 2014).

2.2.4 Existing Online doctor appointment booking System

28
 The use of online doctor appointment booking systems has become increasingly popular
due to advancements in technology and the internet. These systems offer convenience and
accessibility to patients for scheduling appointments. The nature of appointment
scheduling, especially in healthcare, is often unpredictable, making it challenging to
model call arrivals accurately. However, this has limited impact on measures related to
the time between the call and the appointment. Various studies and research have been
conducted to design suitable appointment systems based on the healthcare procedure
environment. Different methods, such as multiple schedule appointments and varying
appointment combinations, are explored to optimize system performance.

Some appointment systems have specific rules or policies for scheduling, such as limiting
the number of clients in a given time slot or spreading appointments consistently over a
period based on average service times. Some systems allow registered patients to access
physicians' profiles and working calendars to make appointments. Patients can view
available time slots and receive confirmation emails for their appointments. The operating
hours of healthcare centers and the priority given to appointed patients over walk-ins
influence the patient consultation process. Some existing appointment systems have
limitations, such as lack of real-time confirmation for appointments or extended waiting
times for walk-in patients. The system developed in the research aims to address these
limitations by sending confirmation emails to patients and allowing them to view and
monitor their medical records online.

CHAPTER 3

System Analysis and Design

3.1 System Analysis

This system is designed with the series of processes starting with requirement
analysis,
design, implementation, testing and maintenance. During requirement analysis, all the
functional and nonfunctional requirement are analyzed and system is developed

29
 according to the requirement then designing of the system is carried out. After the
design process, coding and development part is started then after integrating the
system there is testing of the system. If the testing is positive then system is
implemented otherwise some maintenance is done and system come in operation.

Figure 3.1: Waterfall Methodology for Online doctor appointment booking system

3.1.1 Requirement Analysis

The requirements are to be collected before starting projects’ development life
cycle. To design and develop system, functional as well as non-functional requirement of
the system has been studied.

Functional Requirement
Different functional requirement of the system has been identified and are listed below:

30
For Administration
 The system should allow the system administrator to login and logout from the
system.
 The system should allow the system administrator to add, delete and updates
details and information of doctors and patients.
 The system should allow the system administrators to monitor the system user’s
data

For Doctors
 The system should be able to see appointments and update the patient’s details.
 The system should be able to prescription to patients
 The system should the doctors to login and logout from the system

For Patients
 The system should create and manage applicant’s username and password
 The system should enable applicants to book appointment and register.
 The system should display in which category and chose doctors applicants are
going to book appointment

USECASE DIAGRAM
In Online doctor appointment booking system, there are their modules such as Admin,
doctors and patients where admin can login, manage doctors and patients, add doctors and
view Appointments and logout from admin panel. Likewise, doctors can login, view
appointments and give prescription and logout from the system. Lastly patients can
register, login, book an appointment, select doctors and logout from the system.

31
 Fig: Use case Diagram

ii. Non-Functional requirement

The key non-functional requirement that has been focused on during this project are as
follows:
 Security: The system is secure from outside attack as authorized user and admin
are allowed to access the data. Admin representative on duty can log int the
system and have access to the online doctor appointment booking system but
access to have various subsystem is protected by the user login screen that
requires usernames and password.

 Performance: the performance of the system is fast and accurate as in this system
database is normalized so it provides fast operations.

32
3.1.2 Feasibility Analysis

For the feasibility study of this app, all the relevant factors are taken into account. The
goal is to ascertain the likelihood of completing the project successfully within the
specified time. Three major sectors are taken into consideration: economic, technical and
operational. This study has further aided to discern the pros and cons of the app before.
Following are the feasibility that are studied before building the website.

i. Technical
The system is technically feasible as the requirement for the development of the system is
easily accessible. The necessary hardware and software required for the development and
implementation of the system is available. The basic programming language which is
suitable for project is available and the libraries required for project is capable of
achieving the result that we are aiming for. All the existing resources can be used for the
development and maintenance system.

ii. Economic Feasibility Study

The system is economically feasible and cost effective. As all the tools and resources
required are either open sources or free. After the completion of the system organization
didn’t need to deploy any new hardware and software as the required software and
hardware. The existing resource of the system can be used.

iii. Operational Feasibility Study

The website has a very user-friendly interface and booking the appointments will be very
easy.

iv. Schedule Feasibility Study

The system is completed within scheduled and do not exceed the scheduled time.

33
Fig: Gantt chart table

34
3.1.3 Data Modeling Diagram (E-R Diagram)
ER diagram is a graphical representation of entities and their relationship to each other,
typically used in computing regarding the organization of data within database or
information systems. Entity is a piece of data, object or concept which described which
data should store. Relationship is how data is shared between entities.

Entity
Which are represented by rectangle. An entity is an object or concept that has its existence
in the real world. It includes all those things about which data is collected. A weak entity
is an entity that must defined by a foreign key relationship with another entity as it cannot
be uniquely identified by its own attributes alone.

Attributes
Which are represented by ovals. A key attribute is the unique, distinguishing characteristic
of the entity. For example, an employee's social security number might be the employee's
key attribute.

An Entity Set
It is a set of entities of the same type that share the same properties, or attributes.

Process
A process shows a transformation or manipulation of data flows within the system.

Actions
Which are represented by diamond shapes, show how two entities share information in
the database.

35
Fig: E-R Diagram

36
3.1.4. Data Flow Diagram

Data Flow Diagram

It is used for showing the flow of data that is generated while using the system
procedures in text format.

Fig: Data flow diagram 0 level

37
 Fig: Data flow diagram 1 level

3.2 System Design

To realize the different functional requirement of the system in graphical form, different
design diagram of the system has been prepared which are as follows:

3.2.1 Architectural Design

For this system, three tier architecture is used which includes user interface, web server
and
database. In architectural design, basic structure of the system is shown.

Fig: Architectural design of Online doctor appointment booking system

38
3.2.2 System Flow chart

Fig

Fig: System Flow chart

39
 Chapter 4

Implementation and Testing

4.1 Implementation
4.1.1. Tools Used (CASE tools, Programming language, Database platforms)
Following are the tools and framework used for the accomplishment of this project
Front end Tools
 HTML
In Online doctor appointment booking System, html is used for creating different
webpage and sites. It is used to create and structure sections, headings, links,
paragraphs using various tags and elements. We also define headers, paragraphs,
links, and images of Online doctor appointment booking System by using html.

 CSS
In Online doctor appointment booking system, CSS is used for designing different
tags of html. It is also used to design different component by the help of class and
id. Different CSS are used such as inline CSS, internal CSS, and external CSS to
design this system. It is used for defining the styles for web pages. By using CSS,
we can control the text color, font style, the spacing between paragraphs, sizing of
columns, layout designs, and many more

 Bootstrap
Bootstrap is a popular open-source front-end framework that provides a collection
of pre-designed HTML, CSS, and JavaScript components for building responsive
and visually appealing websites and web applications. It was originally created by
Twitter and is now maintained by a community of developers.

40
  JavaScript
In Online doctor appointment booking system, JavaScript is used for client-side
validation and to make dynamic, interactive and responsive web pages. It is used
to add dynamic behavior to the webpage and add special effects to the webpage.
Backend Tools
 PHP
In Online doctor appointment booking system, PHP is used for the backend
purpose and for making dynamic web pages. It is used for server-side scripting
purpose to add connectivity to the database and also used to encrypt the data,
validate the user data,

Server
 APACHE SERVER
In Online doctor appointment booking system, Apache server is used to run php
files and creating fast and dynamic web pages.

Database
 MYSQL
MySQL is use for storing all the information required to the database in Online
doctor appointment booking system. It is used for performing CRUD operation
such as create, delete and update data from the database as requested by the user.

Documentation Tools
 MS Office
This is used for writing and editing the documentation of Online doctor
appointment booking system

 Draw.io
This is used to generate diagrams for system analysis and design of Online doctor
appointment booking system. Diagrams were created using this tool in order to
save time since all components are available with drag and drop functions

41
4.1.2 Implementation Details of Modules (Description of
procedures/functions)
A module implementation consists in a sequence of implementation phrases. An
implementation phrase either opens a module, is a type definition or is a sequence of
definitions. The instruction modifies the list of opened modules by adding the module
name to the list of opened modules, in first position.

4.2 Testing
System testing is done by giving different training and testing datasets. This test is done
to evaluate whether the system is providing accurate summary or not. During the phase of
the development of the system, our system is tested time and again. The series of testing
conducted are as follow:

4.1.2. Test case of unit testing

In unit testing, we designed the entire system in modularized pattern and each module is
tested. Until we get the accurate output from the individual module, we work on the same
module. The input forms is tested so that they do not accept invalid input.

42
 Patients Registration
Test case for patient registration
S. Test Input Expecte Actual Te
no Name d Output st
Output res
ult
1. Open http://localhost/ Register Register Pa
Applica Onlinedoctor/ Page Page ss
tion
2. Enter First name: Last Registra Pa
Invalid Aishwarya Name tion ss
First Last name: Failed
name, Email: Aishwarya
Last @gmail.com
name Password:
email, Aishwariya123
passwo Phone: 8683619153
rd, Gender: Female
phone,
gender
and
click
register
button
3 Enter First name: Registra Registra Pa
valid Aishwarya tion tion ss
First Last name: Rai successf successf
name, Bachchan ul ul
Last Email: Aishwarya
name @gmail.com
email, Password:

43
 passwo Aishwariya123
rd, Phone: 8683619153
phone, Gender: Female
gender
and
click
register
button

4.2.2 Test case for system testing

In system testing, whole system is tested as below:

Test Case for Appointment booking success

Table 4. 3: Test Case for Appointment booking Success of Online doctor
appointment booking system
Test Case 1 Successful Appointment Booking

Test Data Specialization: general surgery

Doctors: Salman khan
Consultancy fees: 600
Appointment date: 08/18/2023
Appointment time: 10A.M.
Expected Result A message should be displayed saying “Your
appointment successfully booked”
Test Result Appointment booking Successful

Test Case for Appointment booking success

Table 4. 3: Test Case for Appointment booking Success of Online doctor
Test Case 1 Successful Appointment Booking

Test Data Specialization: general surgery

Doctors:

44
 Consultancy fees: 600
Appointment date: 08/18/2023
Appointment time: 10A.M.
Expected Result A message should be displayed saying “Please select an
item in the list”
Test Result A message “Please select an item in the list” is displayed

CHAPTER: 5

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1. Conclusion
The online doctor appointment booking system has emerged as a valuable solution to
streamline and enhance the process of scheduling medical appointments. This system
offers numerous benefits for both patients and healthcare providers, including
convenience, efficiency, and improved patient care. Throughout this study, we have
explored various aspects of the online doctor appointment booking system, including its
architecture, functionalities, challenges, and user experiences.

45
5.2. Future Recommendation
Research and development are continuous processes; this is the same in computer and
software development. However, this work is recommended for Medical Industries whose
processes are still manually done. The system can contribute greatly to ease both patients
who don't have time to go to clinics or hospitals to book appointments for checkup and
also for medical institutions where it eases the load of handling appointments and helps
manage appointments in a more efficient and organized manner.

Bibliography

References

[1] Thomas A. Powell, “Web Design: The Complete Reference 2ED”, Tata McGraw-
Hill.

[2] L. B. Jeffery Whitten, “Systems analysis and design methods”, McGraw Hill India.

[3] J. G. J. V. Jeffrey A. Hoffer, “Modern system analysis and design”, McGraw Hill
India

46
[3] R. Lafore, "Data Structures and Algorithms", Sams Publishing.

[4] Ian Sommerville, “Software Engineering”, 9th Addison – Wesley, 2010.

[5] R. Robin Nixon, “Learning PHP MySQL JavaScript and CSS”, 2nd Edition, O Reilly
Media 2012.

[6] D. s. McFarland, “JavaScript and jQuery: The missing manual”, 2nd Edition Pogue
press, 2011.

[7] A. Abraham Silber Catz, “Database system concept”, 6th edition, McGraw Hill.

[8] R. Robert Vieira, “Microsoft SQL server 2008 Programming”, Wiley India.

[9] M. B. Hearn Donald, “Computer Graphics”, 2E Prentice Hall of India private

Limited, New Delhi.

APPENDIX: SYSTEM SCREENSHOTS

Database Overview
Administration Database

47
Appointment table database

Contact database

48
Doctor table database

Patients’ registration Table

49
Prescription table database

Frontend overview
Home Page

50
Login page for Admin

Patients’ registration page

51
Patients Login Page

Doctor Login Page

52
About us Page

Front end Dashboard Admin-Panel

53
54