Unit

95 1 Relative clauses 4: extra information clauses (1)

Type 7 Type 2
The woman who lives next door is a My brother Ben, who lives in Hong
doctor. Kong, is an architect.
Grace works for a company that makes Anna told me about her new job, which
furniture. she's enjoying a lot.
We stayed at the hotel (that) you We stayed at the Park Hotel, which a
recommended. friend of ours recommended.
In these examples, the relative clauses tell you In these examples, the relative clauses do not
which person or thing (or what kind of person telL you which person or thing the speaker
or thing) the speaker means: means. We already know which thing or
The woman who lives next door' tells us person is meant: ‘My brother Ben', Anna's new
which woman. job' and 'the Park Hotel'.
‘A company that makes furniture' tells us The relative clauses in these sentences give us
what kind of company. extra information about the person or thing.
The hotel (that) you recommended' tells
us which hotel.
We do not use commas (,) with these clauses: We use commas (,) with these clauses:
We know a lot of people who live in My brother Ben, who lives in Hong
London. Kong, is an architect.

In both types of relative clause we use who for people and which for things. But:

Type 1 Type 2
You can use that: You cannot use that:
Do you know anyone who/that speaks John, who (not that) speaks French and
French and Italian? Italian, works as a tour guide.
Grace works for a company which/that Anna told me about her new job, which
makes furniture. (not that) she's enjoying a lot.
You can leave out who/which/that when it is
the object (see Unit 93): You cannot leave out who or which:
We stayed at the hotel (that/which) you We stayed at the Park Hotel, which a
recommended. friend of ours recommended.
This morning I met somebody (who/ This morning I met Chris, who I hadn't
that) I hadn't seen for ages. seen for ages.
We do not often use whom in this type of You can use whom for people (when it is the
clause (see Unit 94B). object):
This morning I met Chris, whom I hadn't
seen for ages.

In both types of relative clause you can use whose and where:

We met some people whose car had Lisa, whose car had broken down, was
broken down. in a very bad mood.
What's the name of the place where Kate has just been to Sweden, where
you went on holiday? her daughter lives.

Relative clauses (Type 1) -4 Units 92-94 Relative clauses (Type 2) -*■ Unit 96
Exercises
Make one sentence from two. Use the sentence in brackets to make a relative clause (Type 2).
You will need to use who(m)/whose/which/where.
1 Catherine is very friendly. (She lives next door.)
Catherine,. who. lives-, next door, us very -friendly,.........................................................
2 We stayed at the Park Hotel. (A friend of ours recommended it.)
We 5toyed a t the Pork Hot^, which a -fuend c-f ours recommended ....................
3 We often go to visit our friends in Cambridge. (It is not far from London.)
We often go to visit our friends in Cambridge . .................. .....
4 I went to see the doctor. (She told me I needed to change my diet.)
I went to see ........................................... ..............................................................................
5 Steven is one of my closest friends. (I have known him for a very long time.)
Steven ....................................................................................................................................
6 Lisa is away from home a lot. (Her job involves a lot of travelling.)
Lisa................................................ ........................................................................................
7 The new stadium will be finished next month. (It can hold 90,000 people.)

8 Alaska is the largest state in the USA. (My brother lives there.)

9 Our teacher was very kind. (I have forgotten her name.)

Read the information and complete each sentence. Use a relative clause of Type 1 or Type 2.
Use commas where necessary.
1 There's a woman living next door to me. She’s a doctor.
The w om an who lives next door to me Is a doctor .........................................................
2 I've got a brother called Ben. He lives in Hong Kong. He's an architect
My brother Ben, who lives In Hong Kong, . ................................................
3 There was a strike at the factory. It began ten days ago. It is now over.
The strike at the factory ............... ............................................................................
4 I was looking for a book this morning. I've found it now.
I've found..................................................................................................................................
5 I've had my car for 15 years. It has never broken down.
My car.......................................................................................................................................
6 A job was advertised. A lot of people applied for it. Few of them had the necessary qualifications.
Few o f .....................................................................................................................................
7 Amy has a son. She showed me a picture of him. He's a police officer.
Amy showed me .................... ................................................................................

Some of these sentences are wrong. Correct them and put in commas where necessary. If the
sentence is correct, write 'OK'.
1 Anna told me about her new job that she's enjoying very much.
Anna told me- about her new job, whldi she’s e^oying very much ...............................
2 My office that is on the second floor is very small.

3 The office I'm using at the moment is very small.

4 Mark's father that used to be in the army now works for a TV company.

5 The doctor that examined me couldn't find anything wrong.

6 The sun that is one of millions of stars in the universe provides us with heat and light.

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