BIT2225_BNCS314_CSE324_DIT1215

- CLOUD COMPUTING

INTRODUCTION-2

By: Mr.KENNETH H MALE.

BSCAIT 5, BSCNS 5, BSECE 6, DIT 3

 Overview

 Introduction to Cloud Computing

 Essential Characteristics

 Cloud Networks

 Cloud Deployment Models

 Service Models
 Business Drivers for Cloud Adoption
 Cloud Computing Risks

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 Service Models Overview
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• What if you want to have an IT department ?

 Similar to build a new house in previous analogy
• You can rent some virtualized infrastructure and build up your own IT
system among those resources, which may be fully controlled.
• Technical speaking, use the Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) solution.
 Similar to buy an empty house in previous analogy
• You can directly develop your IT system through one cloud platform, and
do not care about any lower level resource management.
• Technical speaking, use the Platform as a Service (PaaS) solution.
 Similar to live in a hotel in previous analogy
• You can directly use some existed IT system solutions, which were
provided by some cloud application service provider, without knowing
any detail technique about how these service was achieved.
• Technical speaking, use the Software as a Service (SaaS) solution.

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Service Models
 Service Models are the reference models on which the Cloud
Computing is based. These can be categorized into three basic
service models as listed below:
 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
 Platform as a Service (PaaS)
 Software as a Service (SaaS)
 There are many other service models all of which can take the
form like XaaS, i.e., Anything as a Service. This can be Network
as a Service, Business as a Service, Identity as a Service,
Database as a Service or Strategy as a Service.
 The Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) is the most basic level of
service. Each of the service models make use of the underlying
service model, i.e., each inherits the security and management
mechanism from the underlying model:

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 Service Model Overview
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 Infrastructure as a Service
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• Infrastructure as a Service - IaaS

 The capability provided to the consumer is to provision
processing, storage, networks, and other fundamental computing
resources where the consumer is able to deploy and run arbitrary
software, which can include operating systems and applications.
 The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud
infrastructure but has control over operating systems, storage,
deployed applications, and possibly limited control of select
networking components .
• Examples :
 Amazon EC2
 Eucalyputs
 OpenNebula
 … etc
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 Infrastructure as a Service
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• System architecture :

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 Infrastructure as a Service
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• Enabling technique - Virtualization

 Virtualization is an abstraction of logical resources away from
underlying physical resources.
• Virtualization technique shift OS onto hypervisor.
• Multiple OS share the physical hardware and provide different services.
• Improve utilization, availability, security and convenience.
VM1 VM2 VM3

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Infrastructure as a Service
• Properties supported by virtualization technique :
 Manageability and Interoperability
 Availability and Reliability
 Scalability and Elasticity

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Infrastructure as a Service
• Provide service –Resource Management Interface
 Several types of virtualized resource :
• Virtual Machine – As an IaaS provider, they are able to provide the basic
virtual machine operations, such as creation, suspension, resumption and
termination, …etc.
• Virtual Storage – As an IaaS provider, they are able to provide the basic
virtual storage operations, such as space allocation, space release, data
writing and data reading, …etc.
• Virtual Network – As an IaaS provider, they are able to provide the basic
virtual network operations, such as IP address allocation, domain name
register, connection establishment and bandwidth provision, …etc.

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Infrastructure as a Service
• Provide service – System Monitoring Interface
 Several types of monitoring metrics :
• Virtual Machine – As an IaaS provider, they are able to monitor some
system states of each virtual machine, such as CPU loading, memory
utilization, IO loading and internal network loading, …etc.
• Virtual Storage – As an IaaS provider, they are able to monitor some
storage states of each virtual storage, such as virtual space utilization,
data duplication and storage device access bandwidth, …etc.
• Virtual Network – As an IaaS provider, they are able to monitor some
network states of each virtual network, such as virtual network
bandwidth, network connectivity and network load balancing, …etc.

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IaaS - Summary
• IaaS is the deployment platform that abstract the infrastructure.

• IaaS enabling technique

 Virtualization
• Server Virtualization
• Storage Virtualization
• Network Virtualization

• IaaS provided services

 Resource Management Interface
 System Monitoring Interface

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Platform as a Service
• Platform as a Service - PaaS
 The capability provided to the consumer is to deploy onto the cloud
infrastructure consumer-created or acquired applications created
using programming languages and tools supported by the provider.
 The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud
infrastructure including network, servers, operating systems, or
storage, but has control over the deployed applications and
possibly application hosting environment configurations.
• Examples :
 Microsoft Windows Azure
 Google App Engine
 Hadoop
 … etc
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 Platform as a Service
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• System architecture :

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Platform as a Service
• Enabling technique – Runtime Environment Design
 Runtime environment refers to collection of software services
available. Usually implemented by a collection of program libraries.
• Common properties in Runtime Environment :
 Manageability and Interoperability
 Performance and Optimization
 Availability and Reliability
 Scalability and Elasticity

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Platform as a Service
• Provide service – Programming IDE
 Users make use of programming IDE to develop their service
among PaaS.
• This IDE should integrate the full functionalities which supported from the
underling runtime environment.
• This IDE should also provide some development tools, such as profiler,
debugger and testing environment.
 The programming APIs supported from runtime environment may
be various between different cloud providers, but there are still
some common operating functions.
• Computation, storage and communication resource operation

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Platform as a Service
• Provide service – System Control Interface
 Police-Based Control
• Typically described as a principle or rule to guide decisions and achieve
rational outcome(s)
• Make the decision according to some requirements
 Workflow Control
• Describe the flow of installation and configuration of resources
• Workflow processing daemon delivers speedy and efficient construction
and management of cloud resources

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PaaS - Summary
• PaaS is the development platform that abstract the infrastructure,
OS, and middleware to drive developer productivity.

• PaaS enabling technique

 Runtime Environment

• PaaS provide services

 Programming IDE
• Programming APIs
• Development tools
 System Control Interface
• Policy based approach
• Workflow based approach

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Software as a Service
• Software as a Service - SaaS
 The capability provided to the consumer is to use the provider’s
applications running on a cloud infrastructure. The applications are
accessible from various client devices through a thin client
interface such as a web browser (e.g., web-based email).
 The consumer does not manage or control the underlying cloud
infrastructure including network, servers, operating systems,
storage, or even individual application capabilities, with the
possible exception of limited user-specific application
configuration settings.
• Examples :
 Google Apps (e.g., Gmail, Google Docs, Google sites, …etc)
 SalesForce.com
 EyeOS
 … etc
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Software as a Service

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Software as a Service
• Enabling Technique – Web Service
 Web 2.0 is the trend of using the full potential of the web
• Viewing the Internet as a computing platform
• Running interactive applications through a web browser
• Leveraging interconnectivity and mobility of devices
• Enhanced effectiveness with greater human participation
• Properties provided by Internet :
 Accessibility and Portability

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Software as a Service
• Provide service – Web-based Applications
 Conventional applications should translate their access interface
onto web-based platform.
 Applications in different domains
• General Applications – Applications which are designed for general
propose, such as office suit, multimedia and instant message, …etc.
• Business Applications – Application which are designed for business
propose, such as ERP, CRM and market trading system, …etc.
• Scientific Applications – Application which are designed for scientific
propose, such as aerospace simulation and biochemistry simulation, …etc.
• Government Applications – Applications which are designed for
government propose, such as national medical system and public
transportation system service, …etc.

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Software as a Service
• Provide service – Web Portal
 Apart from the standard search engine feature, web portals offer
other services such as e-mail, news, stock prices, information,
databases and entertainment.
 Portals provide a way for enterprises to provide a consistent look
and feel with access control and procedures for multiple
applications and databases, which otherwise would have been
different entities altogether.
 Some examples :
• iGoogle
• MSNBC
• Netvibes
• Yahoo!

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SaaS - Summary
• SaaS is the finished applications that you rent and customize.

• SaaS enabling technique

 Web Service

• SaaS provide services

 Web-based Applications
• General applications
• Business applications
• Scientific applications
• Government applications
 Web Portal

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 Benefits of cloud
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 Cloud Computing has numerous advantages. Some of them are listed

below:
 One can access applications as utilities, over the Internet.
 Manipulate and configure the application online at any time.
 It does not require to install a specific piece of software to access or
manipulate cloud application.
 Cloud Computing offers online development and deployment tools,
programming runtime environment through Platform as a Service model.
 Cloud resources are available over the network in a manner that
provides platform independent access to any type of clients.
 Cloud Computing offers on-demand self-service. The resources can be
used without interaction with cloud service provider.
 Cloud Computing is highly cost effective because it operates at higher
efficiencies with greater utilization. It just requires an Internet connection.
 Cloud Computing offers load balancing that makes it more reliable.

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 Risks of cloud Computing
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 Although Cloud Computing is a great innovation in the world of computing,

there also exist downsides of cloud computing. Some of them are
discussed below:
 SECURITY & PRIVACY
 It is the biggest concern about cloud computing. Since data management and infrastructure
management in cloud is provided by third-party, it is always a risk to handover the sensitive information
to such providers.
 Although the cloud computing vendors ensure more secure password protected accounts, any sign of
security breach would result in loss of clients and businesses.
 LOCK-IN
 It is very difficult for the customers to switch from one Cloud Service Provider (CSP) to another. It
results in dependency on a particular CSP for service.
 ISOLATION FAILURE
 This risk involves the failure of isolation mechanism that separates storage, memory, routing between the
different tenants.
 MANAGEMENT INTERFACE COMPROMISE
 In case of public cloud provider, the customer management interfaces are accessible through the
Internet.
 INSECURE OR INCOMPLETE DATA DELETION
 It is possible that the data requested for deletion may not get deleted. It happens either because extra
copies of data are stored but are not available or disk destroyed also stores data from other tenants.

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 Characteristics of Cloud Computing
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 There are five key characteristics of cloud computing. They are shown in
the following diagram:

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 ON DEMAND SELF-SERVICE
 Cloud Computing allows the users to use web services and resources on demand.
One can logon to a website at any time and use them.
 BROAD NETWORK ACCESS
 Since Cloud Computing is completely web based, it can be accessed from anywhere
and at any time.
 RESOURCE POOLING
 Cloud Computing allows multiple tenants to share a pool of resources. One can share
single physical instance of hardware, database and basic infrastructure.
 RAPID ELASTICITY
 It is very easy to scale up or down the resources at any time. Resources used by the
customers or currently assigned to customers are automatically monitored
 MEASURED SERVICE
 Service Models & Deployment Models are described in above section.

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Thank you

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