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Color Mode

Color modes are settings used by designers to ensure consistent color representation across various devices and materials, with common modes including LAB, RGB, CMYK, index, grayscale, and bitmap. Each mode has its specific applications and characteristics, affecting image quality and file size, and is chosen based on the medium of presentation. Understanding the differences between additive and subtractive color processes is essential for achieving color consistency in both digital and print formats.

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29 views8 pages

Color Mode

Color modes are settings used by designers to ensure consistent color representation across various devices and materials, with common modes including LAB, RGB, CMYK, index, grayscale, and bitmap. Each mode has its specific applications and characteristics, affecting image quality and file size, and is chosen based on the medium of presentation. Understanding the differences between additive and subtractive color processes is essential for achieving color consistency in both digital and print formats.

Uploaded by

goovatech
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Color Modes

What are Color Modes?


Color modes are the settings designers use to show colors consistently across devices
and materials. Commonly used modes are LAB, RGB, CMYK, index, grayscale and
bitmap, which differ in quality and file size. Designers pick modes to optimize images
and ensure these appear identically across media for brand consistency.

“The main function of color should be to serve expression.”

How to Achieve Color Consistency and More in Screen and


Print

The designs we create appear on many devices and materials, and how we manipulate
color greatly depends on the medium we use. This is due to differences in color
spaces (i.e., the specific organization of colors), and the two processes for producing
color, namely:

 Additive: Involves the blending of light. We “create” white by mixing all the colors at
full intensity; black is the total absence of color.
 Subtractive: Involves mixing physical substances (e.g., ink, paint). Each dot/splotch
covers the medium (e.g., paper). A classic example of mixing all paint colors is that
curious dark grey-brown hue.
You may have seen how printed-out colors can look different from those on-screen.
This phenomenon happens because the printer’s colors (using the subtractive process)
didn’t replicate the screen’s (using the additive). Such inconsistencies can be easy to
correct if you choose the suitable color mode. The illustration below depicts the
difference between LAB, RGB, CMYK, Index, Greyscale and Bitmap color modes.
You’ll notice how the quality from left (LAB) to right (Bitmap) decreases as the
amount of color decreases.

How to Pick the Right Mode for the Context


LAB: Also called CIELab, LAB is based on how humans perceive color. It comprises
one channel for lightness (L, ranging from the values 0–100) and two for color (A—
the Green-Red Axis channel—and B, the Blue-Yellow Axis channel, ranging from
+127 to -128).
LAB color is device-independent, making it easy to achieve precisely the same color
across different types of media so your (e.g.) digital logo appears identically on a
mug, banner, etc. However, LAB’s large file sizes can delay load times.

Uses:

 Branded Products (e.g., T-shirts, banners).


 Color Reference.
 Photography.
 Improving images with a natural and vibrant look.
RGB: This color mode uses the additive process. It comprises Red, Green and Blue
hues that combine to create extensive color variations.
RGB exists exclusively in digital formats (e.g., mobile screens). Although RGB is
present across most electronic devices, the color elements vary across systems and
models. So, an image can display differently on-screen from brand to brand.

Uses:

 Web & App Design.


 Digital Design.
 Social Media.
 Online Advertisements.
CMYK: This subtractive color mode comprises Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Key
(Black), which combine to produce a range of hues. This four-color process works for
most printers.
Printed images are a series of layered four-color dots (measured in dots per inch) that
create different hues and gradations. Although CMYK is a standard color model, the
exact range of colors represented can vary depending on the press and printing
conditions.

Uses:

 Stationery (e.g., business cards).


 Advertising (e.g., posters, flyers, brochures).
 Product Packaging.
Tip—Use CMYK mode when preparing an image to be printed with process colors, as
image conversion from RGB to CMYK creates a color separation. If you start with an
RGB image, it’s best to edit first in RGB and then convert to CMYK afterward.

Index: This mode produces 8-bit image files with up to 256 colors. Like RGB, this
color mode is exclusively for digital formats, on-screen. When you convert an image
to index color, a color table gets built to store and index the image’s colors.
If a color in the original image doesn’t appear in the table, the software chooses the
closest one or uses a dither effect to simulate the color.

Uses:

 Websites.
 Digital Presentations.
 Mobile Applications.
While its color palette is limited, index color can reduce file size yet maintain the
desired visual quality for digital presentations, websites and mobile applications. So,
this mode is ideal for image optimization. For extensive editing, it’s best to convert
temporarily to RGB mode.

Greyscale: This black-and-white-looking mode comprises various shades of grey


within an image.
You can use it in print and digital formats. In digital, each image pixel has a value
ranging from 0 (black) to 255 (white). In print, the values range from 0% (white) to
100% (black), representing the amount of black ink used.

Uses:

 Digital formats to express a specific tone in your designs.


 Print formats to lower costs and minimize ink usage.
Bitmap (a.k.a. line art): This mode comprises black and white pixels, with no colors
or shades of grey.
In digital formats, black and white values represent an image’s pixels, while black ink
dots and the white of the paper represent the overall image in print formats.

Uses:

 Print and digital formats to create a line drawing or hand-drawn sketch or make
vintage effects.
While jagged-edged on-screen, bitmap images usually print smoothly with high
resolution.

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