Curriculum in Accordance to

National Education Policy - 2020

Programme Name : B.A./B.Sc.

Subject : GEOGRAPHY

Department of Geography
Jananayak Chandrashekhar University, Ballia
Shaheed Smarak, Near Surha Taal, Basantpur, Ballia, - 277301, Uttar Pradesh, India
 Structure for Four Years Undergraduate Programme in accordance with National Education
Policy - 2020 and Common Minimum Syllabus

GEOGRAPHY

Semester-wise Title of the Paper

Year Sem. Course Code Paper Theory/ Credi Total Marks

Practical t Credit
1st I A110101T Physical Geography Theory 4 6 25 50
I A100102P Elements of Map and Surveying Practical 2 25

II A110201T Human Geography Theory 4 6 25 50

II A110202P Thematic Mapping and Surveying Practical 2 25
2nd III A110301T Environment, Disaster Management Theory 4 6 25 50
and Climate Change
III A110302P Statistical Techniques and Surveying Practical 2 25
IV A110401T Economic Geography Theory 4 6 25 50
IV A110402P Weather Maps, Geological Maps, Practical 2 25
Surveying
3rd V A110501T Regional Geography Theory 4 10 25 50
V A110502T Basics of Remote Sensing and GIS Theory 4 25 50
V A110503P Tour and Tour Report Practical 2 50
VI A110601T Geography of India Theory 4 10 25 50
VI A110602T Evolution of Geographical Thoughts Theory 4 25 50
VI A110603P Remote Sensing and GIS Practical 2 50
4th VII A110701T Geomorphology Theory 4 20 25 50
VII A110702T Advanced Geography of India Theory 4 25 50
VII A110703T Environmental Geography Theory 4 25 50
VII A110704T Cartography Theory 4 25 50
VII A110705P Practical - (Field Cum-Lab Work) Practical 4 100
VIII A110801T Climatology Theory 4 20 25 50
VIII A110802T Basics of Remote Sensing Theory 4 25 50
VIII A110803T Economic Geography Theory 4 25 50
VIII A110804T Cartography Theory 4 25 50
VIII A110805P Practical (Field Cum-Lab Work) Practical 4 100

Note :

 The Student shall prepare a Minor Research Project (MRP) in the 5th and 6th Semester
(3rd Year) of Graduation. The MRP shall be submitted and evaluated in the 6th Semester.
 The Student Shall prepare a Research Project in the 7th and 8th Semesters (4th Year) of
Graduation. The RP shall be submitted and evaluated in the 8th Semester.
Programme : B.A./B.Sc.
Subject : Geography
Syllabus

Semester 1st
Course Code A110101T
Course Title Physical Geography
Credit 4
Course Objective
a) This Coure provides the basic ideas and concepts of Physical & Human aspect of
Geography.
b) This course intends to orient the learner with the Approaches to the broader discipline
of Geography.
c) It will help in developing analytical and critical thinking based on the themes and issues
of Geography.
d) It eventually prepares the students to understand the development of the subject and
delve around issues suited to the needs of the contemporary world.
e) It will help in exhaustive understanding of the basic concepts of Geography and an
awarness of the emerging areas of the field.

Learning Outcomes :
a) Acquisition of in-depth understanding of the applied aspects of Geography as well as
interdisciplinary subjects in everyday life.
b) Improvement of critical thinking and skills facilitating.
c) The application of knowledge gained in the field of Geography in the classrom to the
practical solving of societal problems
d)The programme orients students with tradition geographical knowledge along with
advance comtemprary skills like remote sensing and GIS.
 BA/B.Sc. 1st Year Sem. 1
Course I
(Theory)

Programmes/Class Year : First Semester : First

Subject : Geography - 100 (25 + 50 + 25)

Course Code : Course Title : Physical Geography

A110101T

Course outcomes : Students will be able to understand

 The Earth geomorphic transition from beginning to present day.
 Plate tectonics and related movements
 Landforms carved by various agents of erosion
 Earth's climate and that factors that influence it
 Oceans system and biogeography of the world.

Credits : 4 Core Compulsory

Max Marks : 50 Min. Passing Marks : 20

Total No. of Lecturers - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week) : L-4/w

Unit Topics No. of

Lectures

I Nature and Scope of Physical Geography, Origin of Universe, 16

Solar System and Earth.
Origin of Continents and Oceans, Isostacy, Earthquakes and
Volcanoes.

II Rocks, Folding, Faulting, Weathering, Erosion, Cycle of Erosion 16

by Davis and Penck, Drainage Pattern.
Fluvial, Karst

III Composition and Structure of atmosphere : Insolation, 15

Atmospheric pressure and winds.
Humidity, Precipitation and rainfall types.
 IV Ocean Bottoms, Composition of marine water temperature and 13
salinity. Circulation of Ocean water-Waves, Currents and Tides,
Ocean deposits, Corals and atolls.
Biosphere, Biotic succession, Biome, Zoo-geographical regions of
the world

Suggested Readings :
1- Singh, Savinda (2018), Physical Geography (Eng./Hindi) Allahabad, India : Prayag
Pustak.
2- Huggett, R.J. (2007) : Fundamentals of Geomrphology, New York, U.S.A. : Routledge.
3- Khullar. D.R. (2012). Physical Geography. New Delhi. India : Kalyani Publishers.
4- Strahler, A.H. and Strahler, A N. (2001) : Modern Physical Geography (4/E). New York.
U.S.A. : John Wiley and Sons. Inc.
5- Thrnbury. W.D. (2004) : Principal of Geomorphology. New York, U.S.A.: Wiley.
6- Bloom, A.L. (2003). Geomorphology : A Systematic Analysis of Late Cenozoic
Landforms, New Delhi, India : Prentice - Hall of India.

This course can be opted as an elective by the students of following subjects : Open for all

Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods :

Assignment/Test/Quiz (MCQ)/Seminar/Presentations

Suggeted equivalent online courses :

https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/cec21_hs03/preview
https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/nos20_sc25/preview
 BA/B.Sc. 1st Year Sem. 1
Course II
(Practical)

Programmes/Class Year : First Semester : First

Certificate/BA/B.Sc.
Subject : Geography - Practical
Course Code : Course Title : Elements of Map and Surveying
A110102P
Course Learing Outcomes
On completion of this course, learners will be able to :
 Understand the basic idea of Map, Scale and Topographic sheets.
Credits : 2 Core Compulsory
Max Marks : 25 Min. Passing Marks : 10
Total No. of Lecturers - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week) : P-2/w
Unit Topics No. of
Lectures
I Cartography : Nature and Scope 7
Scales - Concept and application; Graphical Construction of
Plain, Comparative, Diagonal Scales and Vernier scale.
II Map Projections : Classification, Properties and Uses; Graphical 7
Construction of Polar Zenithal, Stereographic, Bonne's and
Mercator's projections, and reference to Universal Transverse
Mercator (UTM) Projection.
III Topographical Map : Coverage, Scale and Topo Symbol, 8
Interpretation of Survey of India Toposheets, Representation of
landforms by Contours. Slope Analysis - Wentworth's method.
IV Basics of Surveying : Surveying : meaning, classification, merits 8
and demerits. Plane Table Surveying.
Suggested Reading :
1- Monkhouse, F.J. and Wilkinson, F.J. (1985): Maps and Diagrams. Methuen, London.
2- Raisz, E. (1962) : General Cartography. Hohn Wiley and Sons, New York. 5th edition.
3- Sarkar, A.K. (1997): Practical Geography: A Systematic Approach. Orient Longman,
Kolkata.
4- Sharma, J.P. (2001) : Prayogik Bhugol., Rastogi Publication, Meerut 3rd edition.
5- Singh, R.L. and Singh, Rana P.B. (1993): Elements of Practical Geography. (Hindi and
English Editions). Kalyani Pblishers, new Delhi.
6- Singh, L.R. (2006) : Fundamentals of Practical Geography, Shards Pustak Bhawan,
Allahabad.
This course can be opted as an elective by the students of following subjects : Open for all

Note : In Final Examination Student shall be examined by external and internal

examiners.

Marks Distribution : Written Exam, Viva, Practical File, Map Preparation, Topo Sheet
interpretation.
 BA/B.Sc. 1st Year Sem. II
Course I
(Theory)

Programmes/Class Year : First Semester : Second

Certificate/BA/B.Sc.
Subject : Geography - 100 (25 + 50 + 25)
Course Code : Course Title : Human Geography
A110201T
Course Learing Outcomes
On completion of this course, learners will be able to :
 To understand the Concept, Nature, Meaning and Scope of Human Geography
 To understand the natural and Cultural Changes in and around the Human
Environs and their interrelationship.
Credits : 4 Core Compulsory
Max Marks : 50 Min. Passing Marks : 20
Total No. of Lecturers - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week) : L-4/w
Unit Topics No. of
Lectures
I Concept and Nature, Meaning and Scope of Human Geography. 14
Development of Geographical understanding in India with
special reference to Puranas.
man and Environment relationship - Determinism, Possibilism
and Neo-determinism.
II Distribution of populatino and world pattern, global migration - 14
causes and consequences
Human Settlements : Origin, types (Rural-urban)
characteristics.
III Primitive Economics-Food gathering, Hunting, Primitive 16
agriculture.
Cultural Regions, Race, Religion andLanguage.
IV World Tribes : Eskimos, Kirghiz, Bushman, Pygmies. 16
Indian Tribes : Gaddis, Tharus, Santhal, Nagas.
Suggested Reading :
1- Monkhouse, F.J. and Wilkinson, F.J. (1985): Maps and Diagrams. Methuen, London.
2- Raisz, E. (1962) : General Cartography. Hohn Wiley and Sons, New York. 5th edition.
3- Sarkar, A.K. (1997): Practical Geography: A Systematic Approach. Orient Longman,
Kolkata.
4- Sharma, J.P. (2001) : Prayogik Bhugol., Rastogi Publication, Meerut 3rd edition.
5- Singh, R.L. and Singh, Rana P.B. (1993): Elements of Practical Geography. (Hindi and
English Editions). Kalyani Pblishers, new Delhi.
6- Singh, L.R. (2006) : Fundamentals of Practical Geography, Shards Pustak Bhawan,
Allahabad.
Suggested Reading :
1- Chisholm, M. (1985) : Human Geography, 2nd edition, Penguin Books, London.
2- B.N. Singh (2019) Manav Bhugol Ka Swaroop, Pravalika Publication, Allahabad.
3- De Blij. H.J. (1996) : Human Geography : Culture, society and Space. 2nd edition John
 Wiley and Sons. New York.
4- Haggett. P. (2004) : Geography : A Modern Synthesis. 8th edition, Harper and Row, New
York.
5- Hussain, M. (1994) : Human Geography, Rawat Publications, Jaipur.
6. B N Singh (2021) manav evam Arthik Bhugol, Pravalika Publication, Allahabad.
7- Kaushik, S.D. and Sharma, A.K. (1996) : Principles of Human Geography (in Hindi),
Rastogi Publication, Meertu.
8- Norton. W. (2008) : Human Geography, Oxford University Press, new York, 5th ed.
9. Singh, K.N. and Singh, J. (2001) : Manav Bhugol, Gyanodaya Prakashan, Gorakhpur. 2nd
edition.
10. Singh, L.R. (2005) : Fundamentals of Human Geography, Sharda Pustak Bhawan,
Allahabad.
11. Smith, D. M. (1977) : Human Geography - A Welfare Approach, Edward Arnold
(Publishers) Ltd., London.
12. Stoddard, R.H., Wishart, D.J. and Blouet, B.W. (1986): Human Geography. Prentice-Hall,
Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.
13. B N Singh (2020) Samajik uar Sanskritik Bhugol, Pravalika Publication, Allahabad
14. Johnston, R. J., Gregory, D., Pratt, G and Watts, M. (2009) : The Dictionary of Human
Geography. 5th edition, Basil Blackwell Publishers, Oxford.
15- Ali, S. Muzafer (1966). Geography of the Puranas. New Delhi, People's Pub. House.
Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods :
Assignment/Test/Quiz (MCQ)/Seminar/Presentations.
Course prerequisites : 12th Standard Pass/Open to all
Suggested equivalent online courses:
Courses on Swayam/MOOCs
https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/nou20_hs18/preview
 BA/B.Sc. 1st Year Sem. II
Course I
(Practical)

Programmes/Class Year : First Semester : Second

Certificate/BA/B.Sc.
Subject : Geography - Practical
Course Code : Course Title : Thematic Mapping and Surveying
A110202P
Course Learing Outcomes
On completion of this course, learners will be able to :
 To understand the Concept, Nature, Meaning and Scope of Human Geography
 To understand the natural and Cultural Changes in and around the Human
Environs and their interrelationship.
Credits : 2 Core Compulsory
Max Marks : 25 Min. Passing Marks : 10
Total No. of Lecturers - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week) : P-2/w
Unit Topics No. of
Lectures
I Maps- Classification and Types, Principles of Map Design. 7
Diagrammatic Data Presentation - Line, bar and Circle
II Thematic Mapping Techniques - Properties, Uses and 7
Limitation; Areal Data - Choropleth, Dot, Proportional Circles;
Point Data - Isopleths.
III Cartographic Overlays - Point, Line and Areal Data, Thematic 8
Maps - Preparation and Interpretation.
IV Instrumental Survey : Prismatic Compass 8
Suggested Reading :
1- Monkhouse, F.J. and Wilkinson, F.J. (1985): Maps and Diagrams. Methuen, London.
2- Raisz, E. (1962) : General Cartography. Hohn Wiley and Sons, New York. 5th edition.
3- Sharma, J.P. (2001) : Prayogik Bhugol., Rastogi Publication, Meerut 3rd edition.
4- Singh, R.L. and Singh, Rana P.B. (1993): Elements of Practical Geography. (Hindi and
English Editions). Kalyani Pblishers, new Delhi.
5- Singh, L.R. (2006) : Fundamentals of Practical Geography, Shards Pustak Bhawan,
Allahabad.
6- Sharma J.P. (2008) : Prayogatmak Bhugol Ki Rooprekha, Rastogi Publication Meerut.
Note : In Final Examination Student shall be examined by external and internal examiners.
Marks Distribution : Written Exam, Viva, Practival File, Map Prepration.
 BA/B.Sc. 2nd Year Sem. III
Course I
(Theory)

Programmes/Class Year : Second Semester : Third

Certificate/BA/B.Sc.
Subject : Geography - 100 (25+50+25)
Course Code : Course Title : Environment, Disaster Management and Climate
A110301T Change
Course outcomes : Students will be able to understand.
 The course aim is to give basic understanding of concept Environment, Climate
Change and Disaster Management.
 Understanding of the concept of appraisal and conservation of Environment and
Natural Resources.
 It will help in developing understanding about various Impacts of Climate Change.
 This course shall introduce the basic concepts related to disaster Management.
 This paper shall help in understanding Global effort in field of disaster
Management.
Credits : 4 Core Compulsory
Max Marks : 50 Min. Passing Marks : 20
Total No. of Lecturers - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week) : L-4/w
Unit Topics No. of
Lectures
I Concepts & components of evironment, Ecology and ecosystem. 16
Indian traditional knowledge in Environment and disaster
manangement.
Bio-diversity and its conservation, sustainable development.
II Deforestation, soil erosion, Desertification, Air pollution, water 16
pollution Disposal of solid waste.
Tehri dam & Narmada Valley project
III Science of climate change : Understanding Climate Change; 15
Green House Gases sna Global Warming.
National Action Plan on Climate Change
IV Disasters, Hazads, Type of Disasters, Disaster Management. 13
Flood, Drought, Cyclone, Earthquake, Tsunami, Landslide,
Chemical and Nuclear Disasters.
Suggested Readings :
1- 1- Casper J.K. (2010), Changing Ecosystems : Effecs of Global Warming. New York USA :
Infobase Pub.
2- Hudson, T. (2011). Living with Earth: An Introduction to Environmental Geology, Delhi,
India : PHI Learning Private Limited.
3- Miller, G.T. (2007). Living in the Environment : Principal, Connections, and Solutions.
Belmont, Australia : Brooks/Cole Cengage Learning.
4- Singh, R.B. (1993) Environmental Geography. Delhi, India : Heritage Publishers.
5- UNEP. (2007). Global Environment Outlook : GEO4 : Environment for Development,
United Nations Environment Programme. UK : University Press, Cambridge.
6- Government of India. (2011). Diaster Management in India. Delhi, India : Ministry of
 Home Affairs.
7- Singh, Savendra (2019) Pryavaran Bhugol, Pravalika Publication, Allahabad.
8- Kapur, A. (2010). Vulnerable India. A Geographical Study of Disasters. Delhi, India
9- Singh, Savendra (2019) Apada Prabandhan, Pravalika Publication, Allahabad.
10- Ramkumar, M. (2009). Geological Hazards : Causes, Consequences and Methods of
Continment, New Delhi, India : New India Publishing Agency.
11- Climate Change : Understanding Climate Change : Green House Gases and Global
Warming : Global Climatic Assessment - IPCC
12- Climate Change and Vulnerability : Physical Vulnerability : Economic Vulnerability;
Social Vulnerability.
13- Impact of Climate Change : Agriculture and Water; Flora and Fauna; Human Health.
14- Adaptation and Mitigation : Global Initiatives with Particular Reference to South Asia.
15- The Climate Change Policy Framework : Global Initiatives UNFCCC and COPs; national
and Local Action Plan on Climate Change.
16- Government of India. (2008). Vulnerability Atlas of India. New Delhi, India : Building
Materials & Technology Promotion Council, Ministry of Urban Development,
Government of India.
17- Modh, S. (2010). Managing Natural Disaster : Hydrological, marine and Geological
Disasters: Delhi, India: Macmillan.
18- Bansal SC. (2020) Jalvayu Vigyan Evam Samudra Vigyan, Meenakshi Publication,
Meerut.
19- Bansal SC, (2019) Prayavarn ek adhyan, meenakshi Publication, Meerut.
This course can be opted as an elective by the students of following subjects : Open for all
Suggested Continous Evaluation Methods :
Assignment/test/Quiz (MCQ)/Seminar/Presentations
Suggested equivalent online courses:
https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/aic19_ge05/preview
htps://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/nou21_bt03/preview
 BA/B.Sc. 2nd Year Sem. III
Course II
(Practical)

Programmes/Class Year : Second Semester : Third

Certificate/BA/B.Sc.
Subject : Geography - Practical
Course Code : Course Title : Statistical Techniques and Surveying
A110302P
Course outcomes : Students will be able to understand.
 To differentiate between qualitative and quantitative information.
 To understand the nature of various data.
 To understand sampling methods for data collection.
 To present data through graphical and diagrammatic formats.
 To use the concept of probability mainly the normal distribution.
Credits : 2 Core Compulsory
Max Marks : 25 Min. Passing Marks : 10
Total No. of Lecturers - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week) : P-2//w
Unit Topics No. of
Lectures
I Use of Data in Geography : Significance of Statistical Methods in 8
Geography; Sources of Data, Scales of Measurement (Nominal,
Ordinal, Interval, Ratio)
II Tabulation and Descriptive Statistics: Frequency Distribution 8
Table, Cross Tabulation, Graphical Presentation of Data (bar
diagram, Histograms, Frequency Curve and Cumulative
Frequency Curves), Measurement of Central Tendencies (Mean,
Median and Mode), Measurement of Partitions (Deciles,
Quartiles and Percentiles), Dispersion (Standard Deviation,
Variance and Coefficient of Variation).
III Sampling : Probability sampling Non-probability sampling. 7
Correlation : Rank Correlation and Product Moment Correlation
IV Instrumental Sruvey : Sextant 7
Suggested Readings :
1- Berry B.J. L. and Marble D.F. (eds.): Spatial Analysis - A Reader in Geography.
2- Ebdon D., 1977 : Statistics in Geography : A Practical Approach.
3- Davis, R.E. and Foote, F.S. (1953) : Surveying, 4th edition. McGraw Hill Publication, New
York.
4- Sharma. J.P. (2001) Prayogik Bhugol, Rastogi Publication, Meerut.
5- Hammond P. and McCullagh P.S., '1978' : Quantitative Techniques in Geography : An
Introduction, Oxford University Press.
6- Sharma. PM, (2009) Bhugol Me sankhkiya Vidhyan, Rajasthan Granth Accademy, Jaipur.
7- Bansal SC, (2020) Shodh Vidhitantra va sankhikiya Vishyan, RK Books Publication, New
Delhi.
8- King L.S., 1969 : Statistical Analysis in Geography, Prentice-Hall.
9- Mahmmod A., 1977 : Statistical Methods in Geographical Studies, Concept.
10- Pal S.K., 1998 : Statistics for Geoscientists, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.
11- Sarkar, A. (2013) Quantitative geography : techniques and presentations. Orient Black
Swan Private Ltd., New Delhi.
12- Silk J., 1979 : Statistical Concepts in Geography, Allen and Unwin, Landon.
13- Spiegel M.R. : Statistics, Schaum's Outline Series.
14- Yeats M., 1974 : An Introduction to Quantitative Analysis in Human Geograpy, McGraw
Hill, New York.

This course can be opted as an elective by the students of following subjects : Open for all
Note : In Final Examination Student shall be examined by external and internal examiners.
Marks Distribution : Written Exam, Viva, Practical File, Instrumental Surveys.
 BA/B.Sc. 2nd Year Sem. IV
Course I
(Theory)

Programmes/Class Year : Second Semester : Fourth

Certificate/BA/B.Sc.
Subject : Geography - 100 (25+50+25)
Course Code : Course Title : Economic Geography
A110401T
Course Learning Outcomes
On completion of this course, learners will be able to:
 Define Meaning, concepts and approaches of Economic Geography.
 Understand the nature of Economic activities, Resource Distribution
 Understand the Effect of globalization on developing countries.
Credits : 4 Core Compulsory
Max Marks : 50 Min. Passing Marks : 20
Total No. of Lecturers - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week) : L-4/w
Unit Topics No. of
Lectures
I Meaning, concepts and approaches of Economic Geography : 16
Resource : meaning, concept and classification.
II Economic organization of space, Forestry, fishing and mining 14
activities.
Agricultural typologies, agricultural land use model (J.H. Von
Thunen)
III Types of industries ; Factors of location on industries; iron and 16
steel industry, cotton textiles and sugar; Theory of industrial
location (Alfred Weber)
World transportation : Sea routes and major transcontinental
railways.
IV WTO and International trade : patterns and trends 14
Effect of globalization on developing countries
Suggested Readings :
1- B N Singh (2021) Manav Evam Arthik Bhugol, Pravalika Publication, Allahabad.
2- Bryson, J., Henry, N., Keeble, D. and Martin, R (eds.) (1999): The Economic Geography
Reader : Producing and Consuming Global Capitalism. John Wiley and Sons, Inc, New
York.
3- Clark, G.L. Gertler, M.S. and Feldman, M.P. (eds.) (2000) : The Oxford Handbook of
Economic Geography. Oxford University Press, USA.
4- Coe, N. (2007) : Economic Geography A contemporary Introduction. Black well
Publishers, Inc., Massachusetts.
5- Gautam A. (2006) : Aarthik Bhugol Ke Mool Tattava, Sharda Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad.
6- Guha, J.S. and Chattoraj, P.R. (2002) : A New Approach to Economic Geography : A Study
of Resources. The World Press Private Limited, Kolkata.
7- Hanink, D.M. (1997) : Principles and Applications of Economic Geography : Economy,
Policy. Environment. John Wiley and Sons, Inc, New York.
8- Hartshorne, T.A. and Alexander, J.W. (1988) : Economic Geography (3rd revised edition)
 Englewood Cliff, New Jersey, Prentice Hall.
9- Hudson, R. (2005) : Economic Geographies : Circuits, Flows and Spaces. Sage
Publications, London.
10- Knowles, R, Wareing. J. (2000) : Economic and Social Geography made Simple, Rupa
and Compnay, New Delhi.
11- Sokal, Martin 2011. Economic Geographics of Globalisation : A short Introduction.
Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar.
12- Alexander, J.W. (1988) : Economic Geography. Prentice-Hall, New Delhi.
Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods :
Assignment/test/Quiz (MCQ)/Seminar/Presentations
Suggested equivalent online courses :
Courses on Swayam/MOOCs
https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc21_hs50/preview
 BA/B.Sc. 2nd Year Sem. IV
Course II
(Practical)

Programmes/Class Year : Second Semester : Fourth

Certificate/BA/B.Sc.
Subject : Geography - Practical
Course Code : Course Title : Weather Maps, Geological Maps and Surveying
A110402P
Course Learning Outcomes
On completion of this course, learners will be able to:
 Identify the various Survey Operations and Survey Instruments
 To understand the idea of Basic and applied Instrumental surveying
Credits : 2 Core Compulsory
Max Marks : 25 Min. Passing Marks : 10
Total No. of Lecturers - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week) : P-2/w
Unit Topics No. of
Lectures
I Weather Maps, Study and Interpretation of Weather Map, 7
Weather Forecasting.
II Geological Maps : Types, Signs, Bed and Bedding plane, Rock 7
Outgrops, Dip, Strike etc. Construction of Geological Sections.
III Instrumental Survey : Indian Clinometer 8
IV Instrumental Survey : Theodolite 8
Suggested Readings :
1- Sharma, JP (2001) Prayogik Bhugol, Rastogi Publication, Meerut
2- Jones, P.A. (1968) : Fieldwork in Geography, Longmans, Green and Company Ltd., First
Publication, ondon.
3- Kanetker, T.P. and Kulkarni, S.V. (1967) : Sruveying and Levelling, Vol I and II V.G.
Prakashan. Poona.
4- Natrajan, V. (1976) : Advanced Surveying, B.I. Publications., Mumbai.
5- Pungh, J.C. (1975) : Surveying for Field Scientists, Methuen and Company Ltd., London,
First Publication.
6- Punmia, B.C. (1994) : Surveying, Vol I, Laxmi Publications Private Ltd, New Delhi.
7- Shephard, F.A. (1968) : Surveying Problems and Solutions, Edward Arnold (Publishers)
Ltd. London.
8- Singh, R.L. and Singh, Rana P.B. (1993) : Elements of Practical Geography. (Hindi and
English editins), Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana and New Delhi.
9- Venkatramaiah. C. (1997) : A Text Book of Surveying, Universities Press, Hyderabad.
10- Davis, R.E. and Foote, F.S. (1953) : Surveying, 4th edition. McGraw Hill Publication, New
York.
Note : In final Examination Student shall be examined by external and internal examiners.
marks Distribution : Written Exam, Viva, Practical File. Instrumental Surveys.
 BA/B.Sc. 3rd Year Sem. V
Course I
(Theory)

Programmes/Class Year : Third Semester : Fifth

Certificate/BA/B.Sc.
Subject : Geography -
Course Code : Course Title : Regional Geography
A110501T
On completion of this course, learners will be able to:
 To understand the concept of Region and Regional Planning.
 To farmiliarize the students with Theories and Models for Regional Planning.
 To develop understanding about concept of Development, Sustainable
Development and Multi level planning.
Credits : 4 Core Compulsory
Max Marks : 75 Min. Passing Marks : 30
Total No. of Lecturers - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week) : L-4/w
Unit Topics No. of
Lectures
I Definition of Region, Evolution and objectives of regional 16
planning. Planning practices in Ancient India.
Types of Regional planning, Formal, Functional and planning
regions.
II Delimitations of Region and Regional Planning. 16
Theories and Models for Regionla Planning : Growth Pole Model
of Perroux ; Myrdal, Hischman, Rostow and Friedmann.
III Sustainable Development, Concept of Development and 15
Underdevelopment.
Efficiency-Equity Debate : Definition, Components and
Sustainability for Development.
IV Indicators (Economic, Social and Environmental) 13
Need for regional planning in India. Five Year Plans and
Regional Planning, Multi-level planning in India.
Suggested Readings :
1- Agyeman, Julian, Robert, D. Bullard and Bob, Evans. (Eds.) (2003). Just Sustainabilities :
Development in an Unequal World. London : Earthscan. (Introduction and conclusion).
2- Anand, Subhash., (2011) Ecodevelopment : Glocal Perspectives. New Delhi, India :
Research India Press.
3- Misra, R.P. Sundaram. K.V. and Rao, V.L.S. (1974). Regional Development planning in
India. Delhi, India : Vikas Publishing House.
4- Singh, MB () Pradeshik Vikas Niyogan, Tara Book Agency, Varanasi.
5- Peet. R. (1999) . Theories of Development. New Yorl, USA : The Guilford Press.
6- Berry, B.J.L. and Horton. F.F. (1970) : Geographic Perspectives on Urban Systems.
Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
7- Bhat L.S. (1972) : Regional Planning In India, Statistical Publishing Society.
8- Blij H.J. De, 1971 : Geography : Regions and Concepts, john Wiley and Sons.
9- Kulshetra, S.K. (2012) : Urban and Regional Planning in India : A hand book for
 Professional Practioners, Sage Publication, New Delhi.
10- Kundu, A. (1992) : Urban Development Urban Research in India, Khanna Publ. New
Delhi.
11- Misra, R.P. Sundaram K.V. Prakash Rao, VLS (1974) : Regional Development Planning
in India, VikashPublication, New Delhi.
12- Misra, R.P. (1992) : Regional Planning : Concepts, techniques, Policies and Case
Studies, Concept, New Delhi.
13- Friedmann, J. and Alonso W. (1975). Regional Policy - Readings in Theory and
Applications. Massachusetts, USA : MIT Press.

This course can be opted as an elective by the students of follwing subjects : Open for all
Suggested Continous Evaluation Methods :
Assignemtn/test/Quiz (MCQ)/Seminar/Presentations
Suggested equivalent online coures :
https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/aic19_ge05/preview.
 BA/B.Sc. 3rd Year Sem. V
Course II
(Theory)

Programmes/Class Year : Third Semester : Fifth

Certificate/BA/B.Sc.

Subject : Geography - Practical

Course Code : Course Title : Basics of Remote Sensing and GIS

A110501T

On completion of this course, learners will be able to:

 To understand the concept of Region and Regional Planning.
 To farmiliarize the students with Theories and Models for Regional Planning.
 To develop understanding about concept of Development, Sustainable
Development and Multi level planning.

Credits : 2 Core Compulsory

Max Marks : 50 Min. Passing Marks : 20

Total No. of Lecturers - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week) : L-4/w

Unit Topics No. of

Lectures

I Remote Sensing : Definition, Type, Scope and Historical 14

Development. Types of Satellites.

Electro-magnetic radiation : Characteristics, Spectral regions

and bands, Stages or Process of Remote Sensing.

II Remote sensng satellites : Platform and sensors. Resoultion : 16

Spatial, Spectral, Temporal, Radiometric Resolution.

Remote Sensing data processing and applications : Visual and

digital image processing techniques.

III Remote sensing applications in Urban Planning, Agriculture, 14

Forestry, Land use/Land cover Mapping, Oceanic Studies and
Disaster management.

Introductin to GIS : Definition, concept and history of GIS.

IV Computer fundamentals for GIS, GIS Packages like ARC GIS, 16

ERDAS, QGI etc.
 Coordinate system, Datum, Raster and vector data.

Suggested Readings :
1-Choniyal, D D, (2016) Sudur Samvaden Evam Bhogolic Suchna Pranali Ke Sighant,
Sharda Pustak Bhavan, Allahabad.
2- Lillesand, T.M. and Kiefer, R.W. (2000) : Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation 4th
edition. John Wiley and Sons. New York
3- Campbell, J.B. (2002) : Introduction to Remote Sensing. 5th edition, Taylor and Francis,
London.
4- Bhatta, b. (2010) : Remote Sensing and GIS, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
5- Nag Prithvish and Kudrat M. (1998) : Digital Remote Sensing, Concept Publishing
Company, new Delhi.
6- Curran, P.J. (1985) : Principles of Remote Sensing, Longman, London.

Suggested Continous Evaluation Methods.

Assignment/test/Quiz (MCQ)/Seminar/Presenatations.

Suggested equivalent online courses : Courses on Swayam/MOOCs

https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/aic20_ge05/preview.
 BA/B.Sc. 3rd Year Sem. V
Course III
(Practical)

Programmes/Class Year : Third Semester : Fifth

Certificate/BA/B.Sc.
Subject : Geography - Practical
Course Code : Course Title : Tour and Tour Report
A110503R
On completion of this course, learners will be able to:
 The Variatin among geographical locations.
 Interaction with people with different natural and cultural settings.
 Study physical and human geography of area being visited.
 Learn to prepare tour report.
Credits : 2 Core Compulsory
Max Marks : 50 Min. Passing Marks : 20
Total No. of Lecturers - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week) : P-2/w
Unit Topics No. of
Lectures
I Hot to prepareField Book steps and methods for preparing 30
Tour report, Methodology for Research in Field Trip, Various
aspects of study in Field Trip, Preparation of Surveying in Field
Trip. (30 lectures shall be taken before and during field trip)
Suggested Readings :
This course can be opted as an elective by the students of following subjects : Open for all
........................................................................................................................................................................................
Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods :
The following shall be the guidelines and structure of educational tour:
Geographical Excursion Committee
1- All faculty members shall organize geographical excursion as 'tour in-charge' in
rotation according to departmental seniority list.
2- There shall be Geographical Excursion Committee headed by HOD in University and
Principal in colleges. Tour in-charge shall act as convener of committee and shall
convene a meeting at the beginning of session or semester. All other teachers of
department shall be member of committee. Four/Five meritorious students based on
last available examination result shall be invited by the tour in-charge to participate in
meeting as members of committee.
3- Committee Shall :
a) Review the tour plan.
b) Confirm that all arrangements shall be made in advance before tour departure.
c) Listen to the opinion of students and give recommendations to tour in-charge
accordingly.
d) Review academic nature of tour and evaluate day wise tour plan and academic acitivty
as submitted by Tour in-charge.
Structure of the tour party
1. For 20 or less than 20 students one faculty member with one non teaching staff shall
accompany the Tour party. For 21 to 50 students two faculty members with one non
teaching staff shall accompany the Tour party. if two faculty members with one non
teaching staff shall accompany the Tour party. If two faculty members are required for
tour, second faculty member shall be selected on the recommendation of tour in-
charge. If students are more than 50 then a separate tour batch shall be constituted in
same manner.
2. If female students are also participating in tour and tour in-charge, accompany other
faculty member or Non teaching staff none are female then one female attended
(Female faculty member from Geography or any other departments/female non
teaching staff) shall accompany with tour party.
Responsibility of tour in-charge
1. Tour shall at least of 6 days stay at location with nter region variation.
2. Tour in-charge shall submit tentative day wise activity report in advance to HOD in
University and Principal in colleges.
3. Tour in-charge shall coordinate with Institutes./Colleges/Universities/Research
institutes etc in location where tour is being planned for following activities like;
a) Interaction of students
b) Lectures on various local physical and cultural attributes of the area by the experts.
c) Local visit with faculty members having academic understanding of the area.
4. Lectures by tour in-charge on physical and human characteristics of area being visited
for educational tour.
5. Survey with students with at least one nstrument like Dumpy level, Sextant, Theodolite,
GPS etc.
6. Questionnaire survey on various socio-cultural or any other aspects. Questionnaire
must be prepared in advance and shall be shared during Geographical Excursion
Committee meeting.
7. Tour in-charge shall collect undertaking from all students which shall be counter signed
by their guardian.
8. Tour in-charge will prepare list of students accompanying the tour with their
information like mobile number, address, guardian contact information and one recent
color photo. One copy will also be submitted to the head in universities and Principal in
colleges.
9. Teacher shall always try to minimize tour expenditure of students by;
a) Using concession train reservation and avoiding buses if possible.
b) Making stay arrangements of students in advance in youth hostels/lodges/guest house
etc.
c) Try to visit few important locations only with objective of spot study and avoiding
unnecessary travel for sightseeing.
10. After the completion of tour there shall be presentation by students regarding learning
outcomes and experiences under the supervision of tour in-charge. Presentation shall
be attended by Geographical Excursion Committee members along with other faculty
members, staff, students etc
11. All students shall submit tour report under supervision of Tour in-charge for
evaluation. Tour report shall portray all activities conducted and places visited for the
purposes of study.
12. In case of any incident/injury where one or more than one student can't join tour
party in returnb journey. One teaching/non teaching staff membr shall stay with
student until student's guardian arrives or alterntive arrangement is not made by the
college. In case tour in-charge stays the other teacher/staff member shall act as tour in-
charge for remaining tour period according to seniority.
Exemption of Students from Tour
1. Tour can be exempted n very special circumstances on recommendation of tour in-
charge and head (in University) or Principal (in Colleges). Exempted students will
prepare local tour report based on his/her own local tour visits. Report shall be
prepared under supervision of tour in-charge.
TA, DA and other expenses
1. The TA, DA and other expenses of teachers and attendants shall be met out by college as
admissible to their cadre as per government rules.
Suggested equivalent online courses.
 BA/B.Sc. 3rd Year Sem. V
Course III
(Practical)

Programmes/Class Year : Third Semester : Fifth

Certificate/BA/B.Sc.
Subject : Geography - Practical
Course Code : Course Title : Project Report-1
A110504R
Course outcome : Students will be able to understand
 In depth knowledge or research methodology.
 Learn to prepare Project Report.
Credits : 2 Core Compulsory
Max Marks : 50 Min. Passing Marks : 20
Total No. of Lecturers - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week) : P-2/w
Unit Topics No. of
Lectures
I Meaning , types and significance of Research, Literature review 30
and formulation of research design, research problem,
objectives, hypothesis, Research materials and methods,
sampling etc. Techniques of writing scientific reports :
Preparing notes, references, bibliography, abstract and
keywords etc.
1. Each faculty member shall teach these topics of research to
his/her Group of students independently.
2. Student shall choose supervisor according to his/her
research interest and specialisation of Faculty member.
Suggested Readings :
This course can be opted as an elective by the students of following subjects :
Open for all ...........................................................................................................................................................
Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods :
Seminar, Presentationns, VIVA
Suggest equivalent online courses
 BA/B.Sc. 3rd Year Sem. VI
Course I
(Theory)

Programmes/Class Year : Third Semester : Sixth

Certificate/BA/B.Sc.
Subject : Geography - 25+50
Course Code : Course Title : Ceography of India
A110601T
Course outcome : Students will be able to understand
 Understand the importance of "Ek Bharat Shreshtha Bharat"
 Understand the wider aspects of Geography of India.
Credits : 4 Core Compulsory
Max Marks : 50 Min. Passing Marks : 30
Total No. of Lecturers - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week) : L-4/w
Unit Topics No. of
Lectures
I Space relatonshp of India with neighbouring coutries : 16
Structure and relief; Drainage system and watersheds;
Physiographic regions; Ex Bharat Shrestha Bharat: A
Geographical Prospective.
Mechanism of Indian monsoons and rainfall patterns, Tropical
cyclones, and western disturbance; Floods and droughts;
Climatic egions; Natural vegetation; Soil types and their
distributions.
II Resources : Land, surface and grundwater, energy, minerals, 14
biotic and marine resources; Forest and wildlife resources and
their conservation; Energy crisis.
Industry : Evolutio of industries; Locational factors of
industries; Industrial houses and complexes including public
sector undertakings; Industrial regionalization; New industrial
policies; Special Economic Zones; Tourism including eco-
tourism.
III Cultural Setting: Historical Perspective of Indian Society; Racial, 16
lingustic and ethnic diversities; religious minoriities; major
tribes, tribal areas, and their problems; cultural regions.
Population: Growth, distribution, and density of populatin;
Demographic attributes: Sex-ratio, age structure, literacy rate,
work-force, dependency ratio, longevity; migration (inter-
regional, intraregional and international) and associated
problems; Population problems and policies; Health indicators.
 IV Agriculture, Infrastructure: Irrigation, seeds, fertilizers power; 14
Institutional factors: landholdings, land tenure and land
reforms; Cropping pattern, agricultural productivity,
agricultural intensity, crop combination, land capability; agro
and social-forestry; Green revoluton and its socio-economic
and ecological implications.
Settelemnts : Types, patterns, and morphology of rural
settlements; Urban developments; Morphology of Indian cities;
Functionla classification of Indian cities; Conurbations and
metropolitan regions; urban sprawl; Slums and associated
problems; town planning; Problems of urbanization and
remedies.
Suggested Readings :
1. Chauhan, P.R. and Prasad, M. (2003): Bharat Ka Vrihad Bhugol, Vasundhara Prakashan,
Gorakhpur.
2. Farmer, B.H. (1983): An Introduction to South Asia. Methuerr, London
3- Gautam, A (2006): Advanced Geography of India, Sharda Pustak Bhawan, Allahabd.
4. Johnson, B.L.C. (1963) : Development in South Asia. Penguin Books, harmondsworth
5. Krishnan, M.S. (1982): Geology of India and Burma, CAS Publishers and Distributors,
Delhi.
6. Bansal SC, (2018) Bharat Ka Bhugol, Meenakshi Publication, New Delhi, Meert.
7. Nag, P. and Gupta, S.S. (1982) : Geography of India, Concept Publishing Company, New
Delhi.
8. Rao, B.P. (2007): Bharat kee Bhaugolik Sameeksha, Vasundhara Prakashan Gorakhpur.
9. Sharma T.C. and Coutinho, O. (2003) : Economic and Commercial Geography of India,
Vikas Publishing House Private Ltd. New Delhi.
10. Singh, J. (2003) : India : A Comprehensive Systematic Geography. Gyanodaya
Prakashan, Gorakhpur.
11. Singh, J. (2001) : Bharat : Bhougolik Aadhar Avam Ayam, Gyanodaya Pakashan
Gorakhpur. (Hindi)
12. Singh, R.L. (ed.) (1971) : India : A Regional Geography. National Geographical Society
of India, Varanasi.
13. Spate, O.H.K., Learmonth A. T.A. and Farmer, B.H. (1996) : India, Pakistand and Sri
Lanka, Methuen, Londaon, 7th editon.
14. Sukhwal, B.L. (1987) : India : Economic Resource Base and Contemporary Political
Patterns. Sterling Publication, New Delhi.
15. Tiwari, R.C. (2007) : Geography of India, Prayag Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad.
16. Wadia, D.N. (1959) : Geology of India. Mac-Mllian and Company, London and student
edition, Madras.
17. Khullar, D.R. (2007): India : A Comprehensive Geography, Kalyani Publishers, New
Delhi.

Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods :

Assignment/test/Quiz (MCQ)/Seminar/Paresentations
Suggested equivalent online courses : Courses on Swayam/MOOCs
https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/nou20_ag10/preview
 BA/B.Sc. 3rd Year Sem. VI

Course II
(Theory)

Programmes/Class Year : Third Semester : Sixth

Certificate/BA/B.Sc.
Subject : Geography - 25+50
Course Code : Course Title : Evolution of Geographical Thought
A10602T
Course Learning Outcomes
On completion of this course, learners will be able to :
 Understand the contribution of Indian and other renowned Geographers
 Understand the concept of evoluton of Geographical Thought.
Credits : 4 Core Compulsory
Max Marks : 50 Min. Passing Marks : 20
Total No. of Lecturers - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week) : L-4/w
Unit Topics No. of
Lectures
I Contributin of Indian Geographers in Ancient India. 14
Early Origins of Geographical Thinking, Concepts of
distributions; relationships, interactions, area differentiation
and spatial organization in Geography
II Dualisms in geography; systematic & Regional geography, 15
physical & human geography, Systematic and with rgionla
geography. The myth and reality about dualisms.
Contributionof Greek & Roman geographers in ancient world.
III Contribution of Arab geographers in Middle ages, Renaissance 16
period in Europe, Renowned travelers and their geographical
discoveries.
German school of thought - Kant, Humboldt, Ritter, Richthofen,
Ratzel, Hettner French School of thought - Contribution of
Blache & Brunches.
IV Soviet geographers, American school - Contribution of Sample, 15
Hunthington & Carl Sauer, Brithis school - Contributioof
Mackinder, herbertson & L.D. Stamp.
Paradigms in Geography, Thomas Kuhn theory about the
growth and development of science. Application of Kuhn Model
in Geography.
Suggested Readings :
1. Ali, S.M. (1960) : Arab Geography, Institute of Islamic Studies, Aligarh Muslim
University, Aligarh, First Edition.
2- Daniel, P., Bradshaw, M., Shaw, D. and Sidaway, J. (2000): Human Geography. Issues for
the 21st Century Prentice Hall, London.
3. Diddee, J. (ed.) (1990) : Indian Geography, Institute of Indian Geographers, Pune, first
 edition.
4. Dikshit, R.D. (2003) : Geographical Thought. A Critical History of Ideas, Prentice-all of
India, New Delhi. ((in English and Hindi).
5. Dube. B. (1967) : Geographical Concepts in Ancient India. National Geographical Society
of India, Varanasi.
6. Getice, A., Getis, J. and Fellman, J.D. (2007): Introduction to Geography, 10th edition.
McGraw Hill, New York.
7. hartshorne, R. (1959) : Perspective on the Nature of Geography, John Murray, London.
8. Harvey, D. (1969) : Explanations in Geography. Arnold, London.
9. Holt-Jensen, A. (1980) : Geography : Its History and Concepts, harper and Row
Publishers, London.
10. Husain, Majid, (2002) : Evolution of Geographical Thought, Rawat Publications, Jaipur.
11. Johnston, R., Gregory, D., Pratt, G., Watts, M. and Whatmore, S. (2003) : The Dictionary
of Human Geography. Blackwell Publishers, Oxfor, 5th edition.
12. Johnston, R. and Sidaway, J.D. (2004) : Geography and Geographers : Anglo-American
Human Geography Since 1945, Arnold Publishers, London.
13. Rawling, E. and Daugherty, R. (eds.) (2005) : Geography into the Twenty-first Century.
2nd edition. John Wiley and Sons, Chichester.
14. Taylor, G (ed.) (1953): Geography in the Twentieth Century. Methuen and Company,
London.
Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods :
Assignment/test/Quiz (MCQ)/Seminar/Paresentations
Suggested equivalent online courses :
Courses on Swayam/MOOCs
https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/nou21_lg06/preview
 BA/B.Sc. 3rd Year Sem. VI

Course III
(Practical)

Programmes/Class Year : Third Semester : Sixth

Certificate/BA/B.Sc.
Subject : Geography - Practical
Course Code : Course Title : Remote Sensing and GIS
A110603P
Course Learning Outcomes
On completion of this course, learners will be able to :
 Understand and Conceptualize Remote Sensing and GIS Technique
 Understand the use of various image processing Softwae
 basic idea of Geographical Information System.
Credits : 2 Core Compulsory
Max Marks : 50 Min. Passing Marks : 20
Total No. of Lecturers - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week) : P-2/w
Unit Topics No. of
Lectures
I Overview of image processing & GIS Packages (Including open 5
source software's).- ARC GIS, ERDAS, MAP INFO, ILWIS,
GEOMEDIA, IDRISI, GRASS, SAGA, QGIS
II Creation of Shape File in GIS Software's. Coordinate system and 5
projections in GIS Software's.
GIS Data Structures : Types (spatial and Non-spatial), Raster
and Vector Data Structure.
III Geo-Referencing of Maps. Creation of Point, Line and Polygon 10
Files and features. Preparation of Maps with Legend, Scale,
North Arrow etc and Export of Map in various Formats.
IV Downloading of Remote sensing Images from various online 10
platforms (like Bhuvan, USGS, ASF, Copernicus etc). Land use
Classificatino (Supervised and Un-supervised) using
downloaded images and GIS Packages.
Suggested Readings :
1. Curran, P.J. (1985) : Principles of Remote Sensing, Longman, London.
2. Chaunial, D. D. (2004) : Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (in
Hindi), Sharda Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad.
3. Cracknell, A. and Ladson, H. (1990): Remote Sensing Year Book. Taylor and Francis,
London.
4. Curran, P.J. (1985) : Principles of Remote Sensing. Longman, London.
5. Deekshatulu, B.L. and Rajan, Y.S. (ed.) (1984) : Remote Sensing. Indian Academy of
Science, Bangalore.
6. Floyd, F. and Sabins, Jr. (1986) : Remote Sensing : Principles and Interpretation. W.H.
 Freeman, New York.
7. Gautam, N.C. and Raghavswamy, V. (2004) , Land Use/land Cover and Management
Practices in India. B.S. Publication., Hyderabad.
8. Jensen, J.R. (2004) : Remote Sensing of the Environment : An Earth Resource
Prespective. Prentice Hall. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, Indian reprint available.
9. Lillesand, T.M. and Kiefer, R.W. (2000) : Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation John
Wley and Sons, New York.
10. Nag. P. (ed.) (1992) : Thematic Cartography and Remote Sensing. Concept Publishing
Company, New Delhi.
11. Rampal, K.K. (1999) : Handbook of Aerial Photography and Interpretation, Comcept
Publishing. Company, New Delhi.
12. Campell, J.B. (2003) : Introduction to Remote Sensing. 4th edition. Taylor and Francis,
London.
Note : In final Examination Student shall be examined by external and internal examiners.
Marks Distribution : Written Exam, Viva, Practical File, Map Preparation using open
source GIS, Image processing Software Use.
 BA/B.Sc. 3rd Year Sem. VI

Course III
(Practical)

Programmes/Class Year : Third Semester : Sixth

Certificate/BA/B.Sc.
Subject : Geography - Practical
Course Code : Course Title : Project Report-2
A100604R
Course Learning Outcomes
Student will be able to understand
 In-dephh knowlede and application of RS and GIS technology in research.
 Learn to prepare Project Report.
Credits : 2 Core Compulsory
Max Marks : 50 Min. Passing Marks : 20
Total No. of Lecturers - Tutorials - Practical (in hours per week) : P-2/w
Unit Topics No. of
Lectures
I Project report shall be on any topic of interest of students. 30
It must include Remote sensing and GIS technology directly or
indirectly. Link project can be based on investigation of any
issue using above techonology or these technology must be
used in data analysis or representation.
Note :
1- Each faculty member shall teach and guide to his/her Group
of students independently.
2- Student interest and specialisation of Faculty member.
Suggested Readings :
This course can be opted as an elective by the students of following subjects : Open for all
.....................................................................................................................................................................................
Suggested Continuous Evaluation Methods :
Seminar, Presentations, VIVA
Suggested equivalent online courses.
 BA/B.Sc. 4th Year Sem. VII

Course I
(Theory)
VIIth Semester
Paper A11070IT 25+50=75
501 : Geomorphology
Objectives -
 Detailed exposure of concepts of Geomorphology.
 Students will be able to understand landforms and other Geomorphological
features.
 Students will be able to apply knowldge for logical explanation of landform
development.
 Students will be able to identify and calculate rate of various process working in
landform development.
 Students will be able to compute landform development of entire region by
studying Geomorphological features.
 Students will be able to evaluate Geomorphological process working in area
being studied.
Unit-I
Meaning and scope of geomorphogy, Fundamental Concepts, Modem
Geomorphologists - Hutton, Strahler, King. Concept of Cycle of Erosion - Davis and
Penck.
Unit-II
Endogenetic process - Plate tectonic, Mountain, Building, Volcancity, Seismicity,
Earthquakes, tsunami, Isostasy
Unit-III :
Geomorphometric Analysis - Drainage density, Drainage Frequency, Bifurcation
ratio, Drainage Frequency, Bifurcation ratio, Slope types and analysis.
Unit-IV:
Development of Geomorphology in India, Recent trends in Geomorphology
Applied Geomorphology, Regional geomorphology of Indo-Gangetic plain, Rajasthan
Desert & Chhota Nagapur Plateau.
Methods of Teaching - Chalk & Talk, Assignment Method, Project Method, Books
Recommended.
 Ahmed, E. (1985) : Geomorphology, Kalyani Publishers New Delhi
 Students will be able to understand various aspect of Geography of India.
 Students will be able to make conclusion regarding various physical and human
issues.
 Students will be able to analyse caue of various physical and human aspects of
Geography of India.
  Studnets will be able ot make plans and strategies for addressing various issue
related subject.
 Students will be able to evaluate physical structures and human aspects of Indian
Geography.
Unit - I :
Making of India through geological times, Structure and Relief regions, Drainage,
physiographic division soil types.
Unit-II
Climatic characteristics, Mechanism of Indian Monsoon, Climatic Regions, Natural
Vegetation & wild life, vegetation regions.
Unit-III :
Agricultural Characteristics and Trends, Crop Combination regions, Green, White,
Blue and Yellow revolutions.
Unit -IV :
Industrial region Transport - Rail, Road, Air. Population growth trends and
patterns, distribution density & national population policy.
Methods of Teaching - Chalk & Talk, Assignment Method, Project Method, Group
Discussion and cartographic methods.

Books Recommended :
1- Chapman, G. and Baker, K.M. (eds.) (1992) : The Changing Geography of Asia.
Routledge, London.
2- Farmer, B.H. (1983) : Introduction to South Asia. Methuen and Company Ltd. and
Company Ltd. London.
3- Ganguly, S. and neil, De Votta (eds.) (1992) : The changing Geography of Asia.
Routledge, London.
4. Gole, P.N. (2001) : Nature Conservation and Sustainable Development in India.
Rawat Publications, Jaipur and New Delhi.
5- Johnson, B.L.C. (ed.) (2001) : Geographical Dictionary of India. Vision Books, New
Delhi.
6. Johnson, B.L.C. (1983) : Development in South Asia. Penguin Books, Harmonsworth.
7. Khullar, D.R. (2006) : India. A Comprehensive Geography, Kalyani Publishers., New
Delhi.
8. Krishnan, M.S. (1968) : Geology of India and Burma. 4th edition. Higgin Bothams
Private Ltd. Madras.
9. Nag, P. and Gupta, S.S. (1992) : Geography of India. Concept Publishing. Company,
new Delhi.
10. Sharma. T.C. (2003) : India : Economic and Commercial Geography. Vikas
Publication., New Delhi.
11. Singh, J. (2003) : India : A Comprehensive and Systematic Geography. Gyanodaya
Prakashan, Gorakhpur.
12. Singh, R.L (ed.) (1971) : India. A Regional Geography. National Geographical Society
of India, Varanasi.
13. Spate, O.H.K.., Learmonth, A.T.A. and Farmr, B.H. (1979) : India and Pakistan.
Methuen and Company Ltd. and Company Ltd., London.
14. Subbarao, b. (1959) : The Personality of India. University of Baroda Press, baroda.
15. Sukhwal, B.L. (1987) India. Economic Resource Base and Contemporary Political
Patterns. Sterling Publication, New Delhi.
16. Tirtha, R. (2002) : Geography of India, Prayag Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad.
18. Wadia, D.N. (1959) : Geology of India. MacMillan and Company, London and
Madras. Student edition.
 BA/B.Sc. 4th Year Sem. VII

Course III
(Theory)

A110703T : Environmental Geography 25 +50 =75

Objectives -
 The course aim is to give advance understanding of concept of Environment
Geography.
 It will help in understanding about various concept of Environmental Geography.
 Studnets will be able to apply knowledge gained from Environmental Geography
for addressing various environmental issues.
 Students will be able to analyse environmental process working in local and
global level.
 Students will be able to evaluate present condition of environment.
Unit-I
Meaning Scope crept approaches of environmental geography, Types of
environment, environmental perception. Environment & society, environment and
development.
Unit-II
Concept of ecology and ecosystem, Biosphere as an ecosystem, Abiotic and biotic
components of biosphere and ecosystem, Ecological production and energy flow-tropic
level, food chain and food web. Ecological pyramids, Bio-geochemical cycles-nitrogen,
Hydrological cycle, carbon cycle.
Unit-III :
Environmental hazards, natural Hazard - Flood, Drought, Landslide, Soil erosion
earthquake, desertification. man-made hazards - urbanization Industrialization,
technological hazard, global climatic changes, global warming, green house effect, ozone
depletion.
Unit-IV:
Environmental pollution, pollutants, Sources and types of pollution-water sail, air
and noise pollution, solid waste disposal, environmental pollution and health,
Environmental education, Envoronmental monitoring. Environmental impact analysis,
Enviromental policies and legislation, Envoronmental management.
Methods of Teaching - Chalk & Talk, Assignment Method, Project Method, Mothod,
Group Discussion and cartographic methods.
Books Recommended :
1- Anjuneyulu, Y. (2002) : Environmental Impact Assessment Methodologies. B.S.
Publications. Hyderabad.
2. Anjuneyulu, Y. (2004) : Introduction to Environmental Science. B. S. Publications,
Hyderabad.
3. Athavale, R.N. (2003) : Water Harvesting and Sustainable Supply in India. Rawat
Publications., Jaipur.
4. Bilas. R. (1988) : Rural Water Resource Utilization and Planning. Concept
Publishing Company, New Delhi.
5. Blaikie, P. Cannon, T. and Davis, I. (eds.) (2004) : At Risk : Natural Hazards, Peoples
Vulnerability and Disasters. Routledge, London.
6. Clarke, J.I. Curson, P., Kayastha, S.L. and Nag, P. (eds.) (1991) : Population and
Disaster. Basil Blackwell, USA.
7. Gautam, A. (2007) : Environmental Geography, Sharda Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad.
8. Huggeft, R.J. (1998) : Fundamental of Biogeography. Routledge, London.
9. Kayastha, S.L. and Kumra, V.K. (1986) : Environmental Studies. Tara Book Agency,
Varanasi.
10. Khoshoo, T.N. (1981) : Environmental Concerns and Strategies. Ashish Publishing
Houe, New Delhi.
11. Kumra, V.K. (1982) : Kanpur City. A Study in Environmental Pollution. Tara Book
Agency, Varanasi.
12. Mathur, H.S. (2003) : Essentials of Biogeography. Pointer Publication, Jaipur.
13. Nag, p., Kumra, V.K. and Singh, J. (1990) : Geography and Environmental Issues at
Local, Regional and National Levels. (in 3 vols.), Concept Publishing Company, New
Delhi.
14. Odum, E.P. (1975) : Ecology. Rowman and Littlefield, Lanham USA.
15. Rajagropaln, R. (2005) : Environmental Studies : From Crisis to Cure, Oxford
University Press, New Delhi.
16. Reddy, M.A. (2004) : Geoinformatics for Environmental Management. B.S.
Publishers., Hyderabad.
17. Sexena, K.K. (2004) : Envoronmental Studies. University Book House Private Ltd.,
Jaipur.
18. Saxena, H.M. (1999) : Environmental Geography. Rawat Publications., Jaipur and
New Delhi.
19. Saxena, H.M. (2000) : Environmental Management. Rawat Publications. ; Jaipur and
New Delhi.
20. Singh, A.K., Kumra, V.K. and Singh, J. (1986) : Forest Resource, Economy and
Environment. Concept Publishing. Compnay, New Delhi.
21. Singh, D.N. Singh, J. and Raju, K.N.P. (eds.) (2003) : Water Crisis and Sustainable
Management, Tara Book Agency, Varanasi.
22. Singh, J. (2001) : Paryavaran Evam Samvikas. Gyanodaya Prakashan, Gorakhpur.
23. Singh, O, Nag, P., Kumra, V.K. and Singh, J. (eds.) (1993) : Frontier in Environmental
Geography. Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi.
24. Singh, O., Kumra, V.K. and Singh, J. (1988) : India's Urban Environment. Pollution,
Perception and Management. Tara Book Agency, Varanasi.
25. Singh, R.B. (ed.) (1990) : Environmental Geography. Heritage Publication, New
Delhi.
26. Singh, R.B. (ed.) (1995) : Studies in Environment and Development. Rakesh
Prakashan, Varanasi.
27. Singh, Rana P.B. (ed.) (1993) : Environmental Ethics : Discourses and Cultural
Traditions. National Geographical Society of India, BHU, Varanasi.
28. Singh, S. (2006) : Environmental Geography. Prayag Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad.
29. Singh, S. (2007) : Paryavaran Bhoogol. Prayag Pustak Bhawan, Allahabad.
30. Singh, S.N. (1993) : Elements of Environmental Geography and Ecology (in Hindi),
Tara Book Agency, Varanasi.
31. Wrigley, N. (1985) : Categorical data Analysis for Geographers and Environmental
Scientists. Longman, Londaon.

BA/B.Sc. 4th Year Sem. VII

Course IV
(Theory)

A110704T : Cartography 25+50=75

Objectives -
The differentiate between qualitative and quantitative information,
Topographical Sheets and Understand the idea of Map & Projection.
Part A : Cartographic Work
Unit-I
Measures of cental tendency-Mean, median and mode, Mean deviation, Quartile
deviation. 20
Unit-II
Measures of dispersion, Standard Deviation, Co-efficient of variation, Co-efficient of
Correlation, Rank Correlation, Chi square test. 20
Unit-III :
Geological maps and cross section Horizontal, Inclined, Unconformable, Folded and
Folded strata. 35
 BA/B.Sc. 4th Year Sem. VII

Course V
(Practical)

A110705-P Practical 100

Unit-I
Collection of data : Methods, Sources and Types, Classification and Tabulation Data
processing (With special reference to village/Ward/Town area). 30
Unit-II
Locl excursio and report (Maximum 2 days) 30
Unit-III :
Practical record 20
Viva -Voice examination 20
Methods of Teaching - Chalk & Talk, Assignment Method, Project Method, Mothod,
Group Discussion and cartographic methods.
Books Recommended :
1- Monkhouse, F.J. Maps & Diagrams.
2- Robinson, A.H. Elements of Cartography.
3- Singh, R.L., Elements of Practical Geography.
4- Singh, L.R. & Singh, R.N. Map Work and Practical Geography (Eng./Hindi)
5- Sharma, J.P. Prayogatmak Bhoogol Ki Rooprekha (Hindi)
6- Hira Lal, Prayogatmak Bhoogol Ke Adhar (Hindi)
7- Lal, Hira, Matratmak Bhoogol (Hindi)
8- Tiwari, R.C. and Tiwari, Sudha, Abhinav Prayogic Bhoogol.
VI- GR506 : Project - 1

BA/B.Sc. 4th Year Sem. VIII

Course I
(Theory)

Paper - 1
A110801T : Climatology 25 + 50 =75
Objective -
 The course aim is to give advance understanding of concept of Climatology.
 Students will be able to understand various aspects of Climatology.
 Students will be able to understand its local climate and can comprehend global
climatic patterns.
 Students will be able to analyse cause of climatic trends and patters.
  Students will be able to understand and comprehend pattern of climatic
phenomenon.
 Student will be able to evaluate climatic patters.

Unit-I
Definition, Scope, Significance and evolution of climatology; Elements of weather
and climate; Relation with meteoology.
Composition and structure of Atmosphere; Insolation, process of heating and
colling; heat balance of the earth and atmosphere, Greenhouse effect.
Unit-II
Air Pressure and pressure belts; Atmospheric motion, Force controlling motion of
air, vertical motion and vorticity, Jet stream. Permanent, Seasonal and Local wind
cyclone and anticyclone.
Concepts, classification, characteristics of air mass and front, Ocean atmospheric
interaction-El Nino,. Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and La-Nina.
Unit-III :
Climatic Classification of Koppen, Thrnthwait, and G.T. Trewartha and World
climatic region, climatic changes, evidences and possible causes, Global Warming.
Unit-IV :
Applied climatology and weather forecasting, Impact of Human civilization on
health, food, clothing, agriculture, Mining, Industry, trade and development;
manclimate interrelationship.
Methods of Teaching - Chalk & Talk, Assignment Method, Project Method, Group
Discussion and Cartographic methods.
Suggested Reading :
1- Barry R.G. and Chorley R.J. : Atmosphere, weather and climate, Routledge, London
and New York, 1998.
2- Critchfield, J.J. : General Climatology, Prentice Hall, New Delhi, 1993.
3- Lal, D.S. : Climatology, Chaitanya Publications, Allahabad, 1986.
4- Lydolph, P.E. : The Climate of the Earth, Rowman, 1985.
5- Robinson P.J. and Henderson S; Contemporary Climatology, Henlow, 1999.
6- Upadhyaya D.P. and Singh R.A. : Climatology and Hydrology, Vasundhara
Publication, Gond : 111:w. 2000 (Hindi).
7- Addison H.: Land, water and Flood, Chapman and Hall, London, 1961.
8- Chorley R.J, Water, Earth and Man, Methuen, London, 1967.
9- Jones J.A.A. : Global Hydrology : Process Resources and Environmental
Management, Longman, London, 1997.
10- Todd, D.K.: Ground Water Hydrology, John Wiley, New York, 1959.
Pedagogy :
1- Weather and climatic maps and charts are to be made available to the students.
Audio-Visual aids to be used for effective teaching.
2- Students to be taken on a field visit to nearby reservior. Data pertaining to water
table in the local wells in different seasons has to be collected.

BA/B.Sc. 4th Year Sem. VIII

Course II
(Theory)

Paper - II
A110802T : Basics of Remote Sensing 25 + 50 =75
Objective -
 The course aim is to give basic contemporary skills to understand the of concept
of Remote Sensing.
 Students will be able to understand process and application of Remote Sensing.
 Students will be able to use oftware's to do various image processing tasks with
software related to Remote Sensing.
 Students will be able run various tasks for remote Sensing analysis.
 Students will be able to find out inferences form various image processing
techniques.
 Students will be able to evaluate functions related to Remote Sensing.
Unit-I
Remote Sensing definition and scope, electro-magnetic radiation, characteristics :
interaction with matter, type of remote sensing and remote sensing platfrom.
Unit-II
Aerial Photos : Types, Scale, resolution, geometric properties of aerial photos,
Stereoscopic parallax, Relief displacement.

Unit-III :
General orbital characteristic of remote sensing satellites, general characteristic of
remote sensing sensors, characcteristics of raw remote sensing data.
Unit-IV :
Elements of image interpretation, image processing techniques, visual and digital,
Remote sensing in resource mapping and environmental monitoring. Land use and
land cover mapping : a cover study.
Methods of Teaching - Chalk & Talk, Assignment Method, Project Method, Group
Discussion and cartographic methods.
Books Recommended :
1- Campbell, J.B. (2002) : Introduction to Remote Sensing Year Book, Taylor and
Francis, London.
2. Cracknell, A. and Hayes, L. (1990) : Remote Sensing Year Book, Taylor and Franci,
London.
3- Curran, P.J. (1985) : Principles of Remote Sensing, Longman, London.
4- Deekshatulu, B.L. and Rajan, Y.S. (ed.) (1984) : Remote Sensing. Indian Academy of
Science, bangalore.
5- Floyd, F. and Sabins, Jr. (1986) : Remote Sensing : Principles and Interpretation
W.H. Freeman, new York.
6- Guham, P.K. (2003) : Remote for Beginners. Affilated East-West Press Private Ltd.
New Delhi.
7- Hallert, B. (1960) : Photogrammetry, Mc. Graw Hill Book Company Inc., New York.
8- Harry, C.A. (ed.) (1978) : Digital Image Processing, IEEE Computer Society,
California.
Pedagogy :
1- Weather and climatic maps and charts are to be made available to the students.
Audio-Visual aids to be used for effective teaching.
2- Students to be taken on a field visit to nearby reservior. Data pertaining to water
table in the local wells in different seasons has to be collected.
3- Curran, P.J. (1985) : Principles of Remote Sensing, Longman, London.
4- Deekshatulu, B.I. and Rajan, Y.S. (ed.) (1984) : Remote Sensing. Indian Academy of
Science, Bangalore.
5- Floyd, F. and Sabins, Jr. (1986) : Remote Sensing : Principles and Interpretation,
W.H. Freeman, new York.
6- Guham, P.K. (2003) : Remote Sensing for Beginners. Affiliate East-West press
Private ltd. New Delhi.
7- Hallert, B. (1960) : Photogrammetry McGraw Hill Book Company Inc., New York.
8- Harry, C.A. (ed.) (1978) : Digital Image Processing, IEEE Computer Society,
California.
9- Hord, R.M. (1982) : Digital Image processing of Remotely Sensed Data Academic
Press, new York.
10- Leuder, D.R. (1959) : Aerial Photographic Interpretation : Principles and
Application. McGraw Hill, new York.
11- Lillesand, T.M. and Kiefer, R.W. (2000) : Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation.
4th edition. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
12- Nag, P. (ed.) 1992 : Thematic Cartograhy and Remote Sensing, Concept Publishing.
Company, New Delhi.
13- Reeves, R.G. (ed.) (1983) : Manual of Remote Sensing, Vols. I and 2, American
Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Falls Church, Virgina.
14- Siegel, B.S. and Gillespie, R. (1985) : Remote Sensing in Geology, John Wiley and
Sons, New York.
15- Silver, M. and Balmori, D. (eds.) (2003) : Mapping in an Age of Digital Media. Wiley-
Academy, new York and Chichester.
 BA/B.Sc. 4th Year Sem. VIII

Course III
(Theory)

Paper iii : Economic Geography 25+50=75

A110803T
Objectives -
 Detailed exposure economics and economics Geography of India.
 Students will be able to understand various economic activities and its role in
Indian Economy.
 Students will be able to apply knowledge gained form Economics Geography and
Economic models to solve problem like least transport cost, industrial location
etc.
 Students will be able to analyse trends and prospects of economic growth of
region.
 Students will be able to make plans for sustainable economic growth.
 Students will be able to evaluate cause of economic activities and future.

Unit-I
Meaning, scope, evolution and recent trends of economic geography,
Fundamental concepts. Relation of Economic geography with economics and other
branches of social sciences.
Unit-II
Classification of industries : Iron & Steel, textile, sugar & Petro-chemicals.
Elements and. Theories of Industrial location - Weber, Losch, Isard & Hoover.
Unit-III :
Case studeies of selected industries - Iron & steel, textile, sugar & Petro-
chemicals. Industrial regions - delimitation and structural factors; Industrial regions of
world.
Unit-IV :
Theories of transport development, Economic regions and their salient features. Impact
of WTO, globalization, Liberalization, Economy of developing world.
Methods of Teaching - Chalk & Talk, Assignment Method, Group Discussion and
cartographic methods.
Books Recommended :
1. Alexander, J.W., Economic Geography, Prentice-hall, New Delhi.
2- Robinson A.H., Jones C.F. and darkenwarld. G.G. Principles of Economic Geography.
3- Boesh Hans, A Geography of World Economy, Von Nostrand, new York.
4- Bengston and Royen, Fundamentals of Economic Geography.
5- Zimmerman, E.W. Inroduction to World Resources.
6- Chisholm M., Modern World Development - A Geographical Perspective.
7- Singh K.N. & Singh J., Arthik Bhoogol Ke moo! Tatva (Hindi), Gyanodaya Prakash,
Gorakhpur.
8- Jain, P. Arthik Bhoogol Ki Samiksha (Hindi).
9- Srivastava V.K. & Rao B.P.., Arthik Bhoogol.
10- Wheeler, J.O. et al: Economic Geography, John Wiley, New York 1995.
11- Robertson, D. (ed) Globalization and Environment, E. Elgas Co. U.K., 2001.
development prospects of region.

BA/B.Sc. 4th Year Sem. VIII

Course IV
(Theory)

Paper IV : Cartography 25+50=75

A110804T
Objectives - The teaching of many type of projection and central tendency of data.
The present data through graphical and diagramatic formats.

Unit-I
Map Projection : Classification, Properties, Choice, merits and demerits of map
rojection.
Drawing of the following map projections by using mathematical methods,
Bonne's, Polyconic, Gall's, Equatorial cases of Gnomonic, Stereographic and
Orthographic projections, Mollwied's and Interrupted Mollweide's Sinusoidal and
Interrupted Sinusoidal and International Projections.
Unit-II
Cartographic Representation of Statistical Data :
Water Surplus Graph, Rainfall Dispersion diagram, Elypsographic curve, Water
Balance graph, Locational Quotient, Coefficient of Localizaion and Localzation curve.
Unit-III
Block Diagrams.
 BA/B.Sc. 4th Year Sem. VIII

Course V
(Practical)
Paper V - Practical (Field-cum-lab work) 100
A110805-P
Unit-I
Aerial Photo Interpretation - 25
Unit-II
Computer : Components and Characteristics, Application in Map Making Unit 25
Practical Record 25

Viva-voce 25

Methods of Taching - Chalk & Talk, Assignment Method, Project Method, Group
Discussion and cartographic methods.