Worksheet #25

Name:

Given the following Research Problem, formulate null and alternative hypotheses and
identify possible sources of errors.

1. Nutritional Status and Academic Performance of Grade School Students in

Marawi city.

H0: There is no significant relationship between the nutritional status and the
academic performance of grade school students in Marawi City.

H1: There is a significant relationship between the nutritional status and the
academic performance of grade school students in Marawi City. For identifying
possible sources of errors, consider factors such as:
 Measurement errors in assessing nutritional status or academic
performance.

 Sampling bias if the sample of students is not representative of the entire

population.

 External variables that may impact academic performance but are not
related to nutrition, such as family background, socioeconomic status, or
school resources.

2. School-related Practices of Parents of Grade VI Pupils at Pantar Central

Elementary school as perceived by the Teachers and Parents Themselves
during the Academic Year 2021-2022.

H0: There is no significant difference in the perception of school-related practices

between teachers and parents of Grade VI pupils at Pantar Central Elementary
School.

H1: There is a significant difference in the perception of school-related practices

between teachers and parents of Grade VI pupils at Pantar Central Elementary
School.

3. Culture and Climate at company XXX in Iligan City as Assessed by the Managers
and Rank-in-File Basis for more Efficient Production.

H0: There is no significant relationship between the culture and climate at

Company XXX and the efficiency of production as assessed by managers and
rank-in-file employees.

H1: There is a significant relationship between the culture and climate at

Company XXX and the efficiency of production as assessed by managers and
rank-in-file employees.
 Worksheet #25 (continued)

Name:

4. Philosophical Practices of College Education and Administrators in a certain

University as a Baseline Study to Enhance the Teaching-Learning Process.

H0: The philosophical practices of college education and administrators in the

university have no significant effect on enhancing the teaching-learning process.

H1: The philosophical practices of college education and administrators in the

university have a significant effect on enhancing the teaching learning process.
 Worksheet #29

Name:

Problem:

Students from the various colleges are classified as to their school organization
membership and their department. Is belonging to a school organization membership
independent of the department where they belong?

Belong to School Do not Belong to School

Department
Organization Organization
BSBA 19 16
AS 11 14
BSN 16 9
BSCE 19 6
EDUC 14 20
ITC 10 5
CS 17 12

Solution: Following the steps in hypothesis testing, we have

Step 1 Hypothesis

H0: Membership in a school organization is independent of the department.

H1:Membership in a school organization is dependent of the department.

Step 2 Significance Level: α = 0.05

Step 3 Test Statistic:

❑
(Οi−E i)²
x 2=∑
❑ Ei

where O i is the observes frequency and Ei is the expected frequency.

Step 4 Critical Regions:

Degrees of Freedom (df) = (number of rows - 1) x (number of columns - 1)

df = (7-1) x (2-1) = 6

The critical value is approximately 12.592.

Step 5 Computation: The actual value of the test statistic is

 (Row Total )x (Column Total)
Eij
Grand Total

Do not
Belong to Expected (O-E)2/E
Departmen Belong to Expected (O-E)2/E
School Do not Do not
t School Belong Belong
Organization Belong Belong
Organization
BSBA 19 16 19.74 15.26 0.0277 0.0456
AS 11 14 14.11 10.89 0.6864 0.9074
BSN 16 9 14.11 10.89 0.2413 0.3287
BSCE 19 6 14.11 10.89 1.6946 2.1988
EDUC 14 20 19.18 14.82 1.3960 1.8300
ITC 10 5 8.46 6.54 0.2756 0.3629
CS 17 12 16.35 12.65 0.0262 0.0335

x2 = 0.0277 + 0.0456 + 0.6864 + 0.9074 + 0.2413 + 0.3287 + 1.6946 + 2.1988 + 1.3960

+ 1.8300 + 0.2756 + 0.3629 + 0.0262 + 0.0335 = 10.0551

Step 6 Decision
Compare the computed chi-square value with the critical value.
 Calculated x2 value: 10.0551
 Critical value from the chi-square table at α=0.05 and df = 6: 12.592
Since the calculated x2 value (10.0551) is less than the critical value (12.592), we fail to
reject the null hypothesis.
Step 7 Conclusion

Since x2=10.02 is less than the critical value 12.59, and p > 0.05, we fail to reject the null
hypothesis. Belonging to a school organization is independent of the department.

Worksheet #30
Name:

Problem:

A consumer-research group asked group of women to use each kinds of lotion

for one month. After the trial period, each woman indicated the lotion he preferred. Using
the results below, determine whether there is a significant preference for any of the
brand of lotions.

Lotion Brand Number of Women Preferring

A 42
B 36
C 22
D 33
E 57
F 42
G 19
H 24
I 34

Solution: Following the steps in hypothesis testing, we have

Step 1 Hypothesis

H0: There is no preference among lotion brands (all are equally preferred).

H1: There is a preference among lotion brands.

Step 2 Significance Level: α = 0.05

Step 3 Test Statistic:

❑
(Οi−E i)²
x =∑
2

❑ Ei

Step 4 Critical Regions:

Degrees of Freedom (df) = Number of categories - 1 = 9 - 1 = 8

The critical value is approximately 15.51.

Step 5 Computation: The actual value of the test statistic is

Total Number of Women Preferring 309

Ei = = = 34.33
Number of Lotion Brands 9

Lotion Brand Number of Women Preferring Expected (O - E)2/E

 A 42 34.33 1.697
B 36 34.33 0.077
C 22 34.33 4.434
D 33 34.33 0.051
E 57 34.33 15.410
F 42 34.33 1.697
G 19 34.33 6.548
H 24 34.33 3.106
I 34 34.33 0.003

x2 = 1.697 + 0.077 + 4.434 + 0.051 + 15.410 + 1.697 + 6.548 + 3.106 + 0.003 = 32.023

Step 6 Decision

 Calculated x2 value: 32.023

 Critical value from the chi-square table at α = 0.05 and df = 8: 15.51

Since the calculated x2 value (32.023) is less than the critical value (15.51), we reject the
null hypothesis.

Step 7 Conclusion

Since x2=32.91 is greater than the critical value 15.51, and p > 0.05, we reject the null
hypothesis. There is a significant preference among the lotion brands.
 Worksheet #31

Name:

Problem:

A major airline is considering eliminating the first class section on its airplanes.
To determine how this move would be accepted, thee airline asked a number of people
across the country their opinion about eliminating the first class section. All people
sampled had previously booked a flight with the airline. These people were also asked
how many times they fly during the year. Using the data below, determine whether a
person’s opinion is independent of how frequently the person flies.

Flying Frequency
Opinion Frequent Moderate Little
Yes 206 167 181
No 198 151 230

Solution: Following the steps in hypothesis testing, we have

Step 1 Hypothesis

H0: Opinion about eliminating first-class is independent of flying frequency.

H1: Opinion about eliminating first-class is dependent on flying frequency.

Step 2 Significance Level: α = 0.01

Step 3 Test Statistic:

❑
(Οi−E i)²
x =∑
2

❑ Ei

Step 4 Critical Regions:

Degrees of Freedom (df) = (number of rows - 1) x (number of columns - 1)

df = (2-1) x (3-1) = 2

The critical value is approximately 9.21.

Step 5 Computation: The actual value of the test statistic is

(Row Total )x (Column Total)

Eij
Grand Total
 Opinion Frequent Moderate Little
554 x 404 554 x 318 554 x 411
Yes = 197.48 = 155.54 = 200.98
1133 1133 1133
579 x 404 579 x 318 579 x 411
No = 206.52 = 162.46 = 210.02
1133 1133 1133

 For Yes - Frequent:

(206−197.48)² (8.52)² 72.5504

x² = = = = 0.367
197..48 197.48 197.48

 For Yes - Moderate:

(167−155.54)² (11.46 )² 131.4116

x² = = = = 0.845
155.54 155.54 155.54

 For Yes - Little:

(181−200.98)² (−19.98)² 399.2004

x² = = = = 1.986
200.98 200.98 200.98

 For No - Frequent:

(198−206.52)² (−8.52)² 72.5504

x² = = = = 0.351
206.52 206.52 206.52

 For No - Moderate:

(151−162.46)² (−11.46)² 131.4116

x² = = = = 0.809
162.46 162.46 162.46

 For No - Little:

(230−210.02)² (19.98)² 399.2004

x² = = = = 1.900
210.02 210.02 210.02

x2 = 0.367 + 0.845 + 1.986 + 0.351 + 0.809 + 1.900 = 6.258

Step 6 Decision

 Calculated x2 value: 6.258

 Critical value from the chi-square table at α = 0.01 and df = 2: 9.21

Since the calculated x2 value (6.258) is less than the critical value (9.21), we fail to reject
the null hypothesis.

Step 7 Conclusion
There is not enough evidence to conclude that a person's opinion about eliminating the
first class section is dependent on how frequently they fly. Therefore, we can say that
the opinion is independent of the flying frequency.

Worksheet #32

Name: ,

Problem:

The researcher surveys 100 men and 100 women and determines the numbers
who are deemed healthy or unhealthy. The data is shown in the 2x2 contingency table
below.

Healthy Unhealthy Total

Men 55 45 100
Women 42 58 100
Total 97 103 200

Solution: Following the steps in hypothesis testing, we have

Step 1 Hypothesis

H0: Health status (healthy or unhealthy) is independent of gender (men or

women).

H1: Health status (healthy or unhealthy) is not independent of gender (men or

women).

Step 2 Significance Level: α = 0.01

Step 3 Test Statistic:

❑
(Οi−E i)²
x =∑
2

❑ Ei

Step 4 Critical Regions:

df = (2-1) x (2-1) = 1

The critical value is approximately 6.635.

Step 5 Computation: The actual value of the test statistic is

(Row Total )x (Column Total)

Eij
Grand Total
 Healthy Unhealthy Total
100 x 97 100 x 103
Men = 48.5 = 51.5 100
200 200
100 x 97 100 x 103
Women = 48.5 = 51.5 100
200 200
Total 97 103 200

 For Men - Healthy:

(55−48.5)² (6.5)² 42.25

x² = = = ≈ 0.871
48.5 48.5 48.5

 For Men - Unhealthy:

( 45−51.5)² (−6.5) ² 42.25

x² = = = ≈ 0.820
51.5 51.5 51.5

 For Women - Healthy:

( 42−48.5)² (−6.5) ² 42.25

x² = = = ≈ 0.871
48.5 48.5 48.5

 For Women - Unhealthy:

(58−51.5)² (6.5)² 42.25

x² = = = ≈ 0.820
51.5 51.5 51.5

Step 6 Decision

 Calculated x2 value: 3.382

 Critical value from the chi-square table at α = 0.01 and df = 1: 6.635

Since the calculated x2 value (3.382) is less than the critical value (6.635), we fail to
reject the null hypothesis.

Step 7 Conclusion

There is not enough evidence to conclude that health status is dependent on gender.
Therefore, we can say that health status is independent of gender.
 Worksheet #33

Name:

1. A random sample of 100 recorded deaths in the country during the past year showed
an average life span of 71.8 years, with a standard deviation of 8.9 years. Does this
indicate the average life span today is greater than 70 years? Use α = 0.05.

Step 1 Hypotheses

H0: Average lifespan is 70 years

H1: Average lifespan is > 70 years.

Step 2 Significance Level. α = 0.05

Step 3 Test Statistic

x−μ 71.8−70
z= = =2.02
σ 8.9
√n √100
Step 4 Critical Regions.

∝=0.05 ≈ 1.645

Step 5 Computation. Use another sheets of paper, if necessary

71.8−70 1.8
= ≈2.02
8.9 0.89
10

Step 6 Statistical Decision

2.02 > 1.645, Reject null hypotheses.

Step 7 Conclusion

Average lifespan is greater than 70 years

2. A random sample of 40 boys showed a mean weight of 120 lbs. with standard
deviation of 12 lbs. The standard weight for their age category is 130 lbs. Test the
hypothesis that the selected boys are significantly lighter than the standard weight at
0.01 level of significance.

Step 1 Hypotheses

H0: Mean weight of boys is equal to the standard weight.

H1: Mean weight of boys is less than to the standard weight.

Step 2 Significance Level. α = 0.01

Step 3 Test Statistic

x−μ −10
z= = =−5.27
σ 1.897
√n
Step 4 Critical Regions.

∝=0.01 ≈−2.33

Step 5 Computation. Use another sheets of paper, if necessary

120−130 −10
= ≈ 5.26
12 1.9
6.32

Step 6 Statistical Decision

2 < -2.33, Reject null hypotheses.

Step 7 Conclusion

Mean weight of boys is less than the standard weight as

there is a sufficient evidence.
3. The manufacturer of a new drug claims that it will lower blood pressure by 13 points
on average. When the drug was administered to 6 patients, the following drops in blood
pressure were registered: 12, 8, 15, 9, 10, and 16. is the claim sustained at the 0.05
level of significance?

Step 1 Hypotheses

H0: Average drop in blood pressure is 13 points.

H1: Average drop in blood pressure is greater or less than 13 points.

Step 2 Significance Level. α = 0.05

Step 3 Test Statistic

x−μ 11.67−13 −1.33

t= = = =1.00
δ 3.27 1.33
√n √6

Step 4 Critical Regions.

∝=0.01 ≈−2.33

Step 5 Computation. Use another sheets of paper, if necessary

11.67−13 −1.33 −1.33

= = =1.00
3.27 3.27 1.33
√6 2.45

Step 6 Statistical Decision

- 2.571 < -1.00 < .2.571, Don’t reject null hypotheses.

Step 7 Conclusion

No evidence to conclude that the drug’s effect can scientifically

lower blood pressure from 13 points.
 Worksheet #34

Name: ,

1. The mean weight of the baggage of 25 passengers from USA bound for Philippines is
31.8 kilos with a variance of 16. test the claim that the population mean baggage weight
is equal to 30 kilos at 0.02 level of significance.

Step 1 Hypotheses

H0: Population mean baggage is equal to 30 kilos.

H1: Population mean baggage is not equal to 30 kilos.

Step 2 Significance Level. α = 0.02

Step 3 Test Statistic

31.8−30 1.8
z= = =−2.25
4 0.8
√25

Step 4 Critical Regions.

∝=0.02 , z ≈ ± 2.33 , z←2.38∨z >2.33

Step 5 Computation. Use another sheets of paper, if necessary

31.8 1.8
= =2.25
0.8 0.8

Step 6 Statistical Decision

2.25 < 2.33, We don’t reject null hypotheses.

Step 7 Conclusion

Population mean baggage is equal to 30 kilos.

Worksheet #35

Name: ,

1. The mean body mass of 50 male students who showed above average participation in
college athletics was 68.2 kg with a standard deviation of 2.5 kg, while 50 male students
who showed no interest in such participation had mean mass of 67.5 kg with a standard
deviation of 2.8 kg. Test the hypothesis that male students who participate in college
athletics are more massive than other male students, at 0.01 level of significance.

Step 1 Hypotheses

H0: The body mass of male students < to non-athletes.

H1: The body mass of male students > to non-athletes.

Step 2 Significance Level. α = 0.01

Step 3 Test Statistic

68.2−67.5
z= 2 2
=1.32
25 2.8
+
√ 30 50
Step 4 Critical Regions.

≈ 2.33

Step 5 Computation. Use another sheets of paper, if necessary

68.2−67.5 0.7
z= = =1.318∨1.32
0.531 0.531

Step 6 Statistical Decision

1.32 < 2.33, We don’t reject null hypotheses.

Step 7 Conclusion
 No enough evidence to conclude male students who participate in
college athletics have a significant greater body mass than other
male students.

2. To test the effects of a new fertilizer on rice production, a tract of land was divided into
60 squares of equal areas, all portions having identical qualities as to soil, exposure to
sunlight, etc. The new fertilizer was applied to 30 squares and the old fertilizer was
applies to remaining squares. The mean number of sacks of rice harvested per square
of land using the new fertilizer was 18.2 with a standard deviation of 0.63. The
corresponding mean and standard deviation for squares using the old fertilizer were 17.8
and 0.54 respectively. Using a significance level of 0.01, test the hypothesis that the new
fertilizer is better than the old one.

Step 1 Hypotheses

H0: New fertilizer doesn’t increase rice production.

H1: New fertilizer increases rice production.

Step 2 Significance Level. α = 0.01

Step 3 Test Statistic

18.2−17.8
z= 2 2
=2.64
0.63 0.54
+
√ 30 30
Step 4 Critical Regions.

z = 2.33, z > 2.33

Step 5 Computation. Use another sheets of paper, if necessary

18.2−17.8
2 2
=2.64
0.63 0.54
+
30 30

Step 6 Statistical Decision

 2.64 > 2.33. Reject null hypotheses.

Step 7 Conclusion

New fertilizer is better for rice production than the old fertilizer.

Worksheet #36

Name: ,

1. The IQ of 16 students from one are of a city showed a mean of 107 with a standard
deviation of 10, while the IQs of 14 students from another area of the city showed a
mean of 112 with a standard deviation of 8. Is there a significant difference between IQs
of the two groups at 0.01 level of significance? Assume normality and equality of
population variances.

Step 1 Hypotheses

H0: IQs of the two groups are equal.

H1: IQs of the two groups are unequal.

Step 2 Significance Level. α = 0.01

Step 3 Test Statistic

x 1−x 2
z=

√
2
s
¿¿
1

Step 4 Critical Regions.

df =16+14−2=28=2.763

Step 5 Computation. Use another sheets of paper, if necessary

 107−112
z= =−1.50

√ 10 1 1
( + )
8 16 14

Step 6 Statistical Decision

-2.763 < + < 2.763. Don’t reject null hypotheses.

Step 7 Conclusion

No significant evidence to conclude that there is a difference

between IQs of the two groups.

2. Two leading brands of potato chips were tested to compare their sodium content. Ten
packs of brand A yielded a mean sodium content of 80 mg/pack with a standard
deviation of 5.4 mg while eight packs of brand B yielded an average content of 75
mg/pack with standard deviation of 6.1 mg. Is there a difference in the sodium content of
the two brands at the 0.05 level of significance? Assume normality with equal variances.

Step 1 Hypotheses

H0: Sodium content of two brands are equal.

H1: Sodium content of two brands are unequal.

Step 2 Significance Level. α = 0.05

Step 3 Test Statistic

80−75
t= =−1.84

√ 2 1 1
( + )
1 10 8

Step 4 Critical Regions.

df =10+8−2=16=2.170

Step 5 Computation. Use another sheets of paper, if necessary

80−75
t= =−1.84
1 1
√32.18 ( + )
10 8

Step 6 Statistical Decision

 -2.120 < + < 2.120. Don’t reject null hypotheses.

Step 7 Conclusion

No significant difference in a sodium content of the two potato

chips brands.

3. To determine whether having relationship with the opposite sex in college is

detrimental to one’s grade, following grade point averages of 10 students were.

With Relation 3.0 1.75 2.75 2.5 1.5 1.25 2.75 3.0 1.25 2.25
Without Relation 1.5 2.5 2.0 1.75 1.75 2.0 1.75 2.5 1.75 2.0

Assuming the population to be normally distributed, test at the 0.05 level of

significance whether having relationship with the opposite sex in college is detrimental to
one’s grades.

Step 1 Hypotheses

H0: No difference in grades of students with or without relationships.

H1: Relationship negatively affect grades, lower than those without relationships

Step 2 Significance Level. α = 0.05

Step 3 Test Statistic

x−x
t= =−1.016

√ 2 1 2
( + )
1 10 8

Step 4 Critical Regions.

df =18=1.732

Step 5 Computation. Use another sheets of paper, if necessary

 2.2−1.95
t= =1.016
1 1
√.303 ( + )
10 10

Step 6 Statistical Decision

1.016 < 1.734. Don’t reject the null hypotheses.

Step 7 Conclusion

No enough evidence to conclude that having a relationship

with opposite sex in college lowers a person’s grade.

Worksheet #37

Name: ,

1. Samples of copra delivered by comprador to the oil factory were tested for aflatoxin
content (ppb) yielded the following results:

Comprador 1 2.5 6.4 2.0 5.2 6.5 5.5 3.5 4.0

Comprador 2 1.5 2.2 1.6 3.0 4.5 3.0 1.75 3.75

Use the 0.05 level of significance to test whether the difference between the
sample means is significant, assuming the population to be normally distributed with
unequal variance. Do the same if the variances are equal.

Step 1 Hypotheses

H0: The means of the two sample are equal.

H1: The means of the two sample are unequal.

Step 2 Significance Level. α = 0.05

Step 3 Test Statistic

t=2.49

Step 4 Critical Regions.

 df =11.86=2.182

Step 5 Computation. Use another sheets of paper, if necessary

4.45−2.6625
=2.49
1 1
√11.86( + )
8 8

Step 6 Statistical Decision

2.49 > 2.182. Reject null hypotheses.

Step 7 Conclusion

Aflatoxin content differs between comprador 1 and

comprador 2.

2. To test the effect of a physical fitness course on one’s physical ability, the number of
sit-ups that a person could do in one minute, both before and after the course, was
recorded. Ten randomly selected participants scored as shown in the following table.
Can you conclude that a significant amount of improvement took place? Use α = 0.01.

Before 29 22 25 29 26 24 31 46 34 28
After 39 26 25 35 33 36 32 54 50 43

Step 1 Hypotheses

H0: No physical improvement in the number of sit-ups after the fitness course.

H1: Theres physical improvement in the number of sit-ups after the fitness
course.

Step 2 Significance Level. α = 0.01

Step 3 Test Statistic

d
t= =4.59
sd

Step 4 Critical Regions. df =9 ≈ 2.821

Step 5 Computation. Use another sheets of paper, if necessary

 7.9 7.9
= =4.59
5.45 1.724
√10

Step 6 Statistical Decision

4.59 > 2.821. Reject null hypotheses.

Step 7 Conclusion

The fitness course significantly improved the participants

ability to perform sit-ups.

3. Two researchers wish to know if they can conclude that high school seniors with a
high aptitude for a career in law have higher IQs than seniors with low aptitude for a
career in law. A random sample of 8 pairs of seniors matched on as many relevant
variables as possible, yielded the following IQ results:

Pairs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
High
Aptitud 118 123 129 110 126 103 115 122
e
Low
Aptitud 114 115 127 101 129 94 105 110
e

Do these data provide sufficient evidence to indicate that seniors with a high
aptitude for law have, on the average, higher IQs than thos who have low aptitude for it?
Let α = 0.05.

Step 1 Hypotheses

H0: No significant difference in IQs between the two groups.

H1: High aptitude seniors gave significantly has a higher IQs.

Step 2 Significance Level. α = 0.05

Step 3 Test Statistic

 (d −d )
sd= =3.618
h−1

Step 4 Critical Regions.

df =7 ≈ 1.895

Step 5 Computation. Use another sheets of paper, if necessary

6.375
=3.618
4.984
√8

Step 6 Statistical Decision

3.618 > 1.897. Reject null hypotheses.

Step 7 Conclusion

Highschool seniors with high aptitude significantly has a

higher IQs than those with low aptitude.

Worksheet #38

Name: ,

1. The weight in pounds of a random sample of 7 babies were recorded before and after
taking a certain vitamin syrup for a period of one month. Is there a significant difference
in their weights at 0.05 level?

Before 29 22 25 29 26 24 31
After 39 26 25 35 33 36 32

Step 1 Hypotheses

H0: No difference in weights before and after of the syrup.

H1: There is difference in weights before and after of the syrup.

Step 2 Significance Level. α = 0.05

Step 3 Test Statistic

 5.71 5.71
t= = =3.42
4.42 1.67
2.65

Step 4 Critical Regions.

d ≈ ± 2.45

Step 5 Computation. Use another sheets of paper, if necessary

5.71 5.71
t= = =3.42
4.42 1.67
2.65

Step 6 Statistical Decision

3.42 > 2.45. Reject null hypotheses.

Step 7 Conclusion

Vitamin syrup causes difference in weights of babies.

2. A study was conducted to determine the effects of organic fertilizer application on the
growth of pechay. Four types of fertilizer were applied to the three-week old pechay
seedlings plants in a 20-inch clay pot. On the fifth week, the pechay were harvested and
the following data shows the weight in kgs.

Type of Fertilizer Yield in kgs.

Compost 1.50 2.00 1.75
Horse Manure 0.85 1.10 1.20
Chicken Dung 1.00 1.25 1.50
Goat Manure 0.75 1.00 1.30

Test the hypothesis that the four types of fertilizer have the same effects on the
weight of pechay harvested. Use α = 0.05.

Step 1 Hypotheses

H0: Means of the yields are equal for the 4 fertilizers.

H1: One or more fertilizers is different.

Step 2 Significance Level. α = 0.05

Step 3 Test Statistic

MSB
f= =5.94
MSW

Step 4 Critical Regions.

df =3 ≈ 4.07

Step 5 Computation. Use another sheets of paper, if necessary

1.0404 0.4667 0.3468

MSB =0.3468 , MSW =0.05834= =5.94
3 8 0.05834

Step 6 Statistical Decision

5.94 > 4.07. Reject null hypotheses.

Step 7 Conclusion

The four types of fertilizer don’t have the same effects on the
weight of pechay. Harvested at least one type of fertilizer affects
growth of pechay differently from others

Worksheet #39

Name: ,

1. A goat farmer wants to test three different diets designed to maximize weight gain.
The farmer randomly selects 12 goats and divides them randomly into three groups, four
goats each. Each group is given one of the diets. The weight gains, in pounds, after a
three-week period are shown below. At α = 0.10, is there significant difference in the
mean weight gains of the goats in each diet?

Diet A Diet B Diet C

10.5 11.5 9.8
10.9 10.9 10.5
10.7 11.8 10.4
10.3 11.8 10.5

Step 1 Hypotheses

H0: No difference in weight gains among the three diets.

 H1: At least one diet has a different weight gain

Step 2 Significance Level. α = 0.05

Step 3 Test Statistic

MSB
f= =13.005
MSW

Step 4 Critical Regions.

≈ 3.02

Step 5 Computation. Use another sheets of paper, if necessary

1.5606
=13.005
0.12

Step 6 Statistical Decision

13.005 > 3.02. Reject null hypotheses.

Step 7 Conclusion

There is evidence that weight gains differ among the 3

diets.

2. A consumer group wants to compare four different brands of flashlight batteries. Each
brand is to be tested five times. Twenty flashlights are randomly selected and divided
into four group of five flashlights each. Then each group of flashlights uses a different
brand of batteries. At α = 0.05, does there appear to be a difference in the mean
lifetimes of the four brands of batteries?

Brand A Brand B Brand C Brand D

42 28 24 20
30 31 36 32
39 31 28 38
28 32 28 28
29 27 33 25

Step 1 Hypotheses

H0: The lifetime of the 4 batteries are the same.

H1: At least one battery has a different lifetime.

Step 2 Significance Level. α = 0.05

Step 3 Test Statistic

MSB
f= =0.82
MSW

Step 4 Critical Regions.

≈ 3.24

Step 5 Computation. Use another sheets of paper, if necessary

460
f= =28.75
16

Step 6 Statistical Decision

0.82 < 3.24. We don’t reject null hypotheses.

Step 7 Conclusion

No difference in the lifetime of the 4 flashlights batteries.

Worksheet #40

Name: ,

1. Manufacturer of golf balls seem to always be saying that their ball goes the farthest. A
sports magazine writer decides to conduct an impartial test. He randomly selects 20 golf
professionals and then randomly assigns four golfers to each of the five brands. Finally,
each golfer drives the assigned brand of ball. Here are the results, in yards

Brand 1 Brand 2 Brand 3 Brand 4 Brand 5

279 282 270 281 281
276 277 262 271 293
281 284 277 269 276
274 288 286 275 292

Do the data provide sufficient evidence to conclude that a difference exists in

mean driving distances for the five brands of golf balls? Use α = 0.05.

Step 1 Hypotheses
 H0: The driving distances of the 5 brands of golf balls are equal

H1: At least one golf ball brand has a different driving distance

Step 2 Significance Level. α = 0.05

Step 3 Test Statistic

MSB
f= =2.38
MSW

Step 4 Critical Regions.

≈ 3.06

Step 5 Computation. Use another sheets of paper, if necessary

110.675
f= =2.38
46.5

Step 6 Statistical Decision

2.38 < 3.06. Reject null hypotheses.

Step 7 Conclusion

Insufficient evidence to conclude that there is difference in the

driving distance of the fire brands of golf balls.

2. A detergent soap manufacturer wants to test the possible market effect of four
different designs for its boxes. Independent random samples of five markets each are
selected. Each design is tried in one of the five-market groups. The number of boxes
sold during the test period are given below. Use α = 0.05.

Design A Design B Design C Design D

41 51 44 58
51 65 58 37
52 35 37 24
50 66 75 54
43 57 54 65

Step 1 Hypotheses

H0: The number of boxes sold is equal to all designs.

H1: At least one design has a different number of boxes.

Step 2 Significance Level. α = 0.05

Step 3 Test Statistic

MSB
f= =34.741
MSW

Step 4 Critical Regions.

≈ 3.239

Step 5 Computation. Use another sheets of paper, if necessary

SSB = 228.15 SBW = 2,708.40

76.05
=0.449
169.27

Step 6 Statistical Decision

0.449 < 3.239. We don’t reject null hypotheses.

Step 7 Conclusion

No difference in the number of boxes sold between the four

designs.

Worksheet #41

Name: ,

1. Three groups of adult men were selected for an experiment designed to measure their
blood alcohol levels after consuming five drinks. Members of group A tested after one
hour, members of group B were tested after two hours, and members of group C were
tested after four hours, and the results are given below. At α = 0.05 level of significance,
test the claim that the groups have the same mean level.

Group A Group B Group C

0.11 0.08 0.04
0.10 0.09 0.04
0.09 0.07 0.05
0.09 0.07 0.05
0.10 0.06 0.06
0.04
0.05

Step 1 Hypotheses
 H0: The mean blood alcohol is same for the 3 groups.

H1: At least one blood alcohol is different in the 3 groups.

Step 2 Significance Level. α = 0.05

Step 3 Test Statistic

MSB
f= =34.741
MSW

Step 4 Critical Regions.

≈ 3.885

Step 5 Computation. Use another sheets of paper, if necessary

SSB = 0.00625 SBW = 0.00108

0.00313
=34.741
0.00009

Step 6 Statistical Decision

34.741 > 3.885. Reject null hypotheses.

Step 7 Conclusion

There is difference in the blood alcohol levels among the 3

groups.

MODULE 5 – 9
(Worksheet 25 – 41)

IN
GED23 – R

Submitted By:
,
BS – Accountancy
4rth Year