SCORE 50+ MARKS IN

PHYSICS- 2ND PUC BOARD

Complete EXAM
Roadmap
 2ND PUC PHYSICS BLUEPRINT-2025

QP PART QUESTION TYPE NO.OF MARKS NO.OF MARKS

QUESTIONS ALLOTED QUESTIONS TO ALLOTED
TO BE SET BE ANSWERED
A MCQ 15 15 15 15

FIB 5 5 5 5

B SA (2 MARKS) 8 16 5 10

C SA (3 MARKS) 8 24 5 15

D LA (5 MARKS) 5 25 3 15

NUMERICAL 4 20 2 10
PROBLEMS(5 MARKS)
TOTAL TOTAL 45 105 35 70
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Must do chapters

CHAPTER NAME MARKS

ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FIELDS 10-11

ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIAL AND 10-11

CAPACITANCE
CURRENT ELECTRICITY 13

MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM 11

RAY OPTICS AND OPTICAL INSTRUMENTS 9-10

SEMICONDUCTOR ELECTRONICS 8
 Numerical problems ANALYSIS

5 Marks Numerical Problems 3 Marks Numerical Problems 2 Marks Numerical Problems

Electric charges and fields Electro Magnetic Induction Moving Charges and
Magnetism
Electric potential and Ray optics Electro Magnetic Induction
capacitance
Current electricity Nuclei

Alternating current
Ray optics
Dual Nature of radiation and
matter
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5MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Electric charges and fields

1. Two point charges of +4 nC and +8 nC are placed at the points A and B respectively
separated by a distance 0.2 m in air. Find the magnitude of the resultant electric field
at the midpoint ‘O’ of the line joining A and B. What will be the magnitude of
resultant electric field at ‘O’ if +4 nC is replaced by another +8 nC charge?

2. A pendulum bob of mass 80 mg and carrying charge 2 × 10-8 C is at rest at a certain

angle with the vertical in a horizontal uniform electric field of 20,000 Vm-1. Find the
tension in the thread of the pendulum and the angle it makes with the vertical.

3. Two positive charges of 0.2 μC and 0.8 μC are placed at a distance 0.15m apart. At
what point on the line joining them the electric field zero?
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5MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Electric charges and fields

4. Two oppositely charged identical metallic spheres placed 0.5 m apart attract each
other with a force of 0.108 N, when they are connected to each other by a copper wire
for a short while, they begin to repel with a force of 0.036 N. Calculate the initial
charges on the spheres.

5. Four charges +Q, +2Q, +3Q and +4Q are placed at the corners of a square ABCD
of side 0.1 m respectively. The electric field is at the center of the square is 5.1 × 103
NC-1. Find Q

6. Charges of +10 nC, – 20 nC, – 10 nC and +20 nC are placed at the corners A, B, C
and D respectively of a square ABCD of side 0.05 m calculate the resultant force on the
charge at D.
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5MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Electric potential and capacitance

1. a) Calculate the potential at point P due to a charge of 400nC located 9 cm away. b)
Obtain the work done in moving a charge of 2nC from infinity to the point P. Does
the answer depend on the path along which the charge is moved?

2. Three capacitors of capacitances 2 𝜇F, 3 𝜇F, 6 𝜇F are connected in series. (a)

Determine the effective capacitance of the combination. (b) Find the potential
difference across 6𝜇F capacitor if the combination is connected to a 60 V supply

3. Two charges 5 × 10-8C and –3 × 10-8C are located 16 cm apart. Find the positions
along line joining the two charges at which the electric potential zero?
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5MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Electric potential and capacitance

4. Charges +2 nC, +4 nC, and +8 nC are placed at the corners ABC respectively of a
square of side 0.2 m. Calculate the work done to transfer a charge of +2 nC from the
corner D to the center of the square

5. An 800 pF capacitor is charged by a 100 V battery. How much energy is stored by the
capacitor? The capacitor is disconnected from the battery and connected to another 800
pF capacitor. What is the electrostatic energy of the system?

6. Two capacitors of capacitances 2 μF and 8 μF are connected in series and the

resulting combination is connected across a 300 V battery. Calculate the charge,
potential difference and the energy stored in each capacitor.
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5MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Electric potential and capacitance

7. In a parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates, each plate has an area of 6 ×
10–3 m2 and the distance between the plates is 3 mm. Calculate the capacitance of the
capacitor. If charge on each plate is 1.8 × 10-9 C, find the energy stored in the capacitor.
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5MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Current Electricity
1. For copper, the number density of free electrons is 8.5 × 1028 𝑚−3 and resistivity is
1.7 × 10−8 Ω m. Calculate the conductivity of copper and relaxation time of free
electrons in copper. Take the mass of electron = 9.1 × 10−31 kg and e =
1.6 × 10−19 𝐶.

2. .
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5MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Current Electricity

3.
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5MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Current Electricity

4. A batter of internal resistance 3 Ω is connected 20 Ω resistor and potential difference

across the resistors is 10 V. If another resistor of 30 Ω is connected in series with the
first resistor and battery is again connected to the combination. Calculate the emf and
terminal p.d across the combination.

5. 100 mg mass of nichrome metal is drawn into a wire of area of cross-section

0.05 𝑚𝑚2 . Calculate the resistance of this wire, Given density of nichrome
8.4 × 103 𝑘𝑔𝑚−3 and resistivity of the material as 1.2 × 10−6 Ω m
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5MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Current Electricity

6. A wire having length 2.0 m diameter 1.0 mm and resistivity 1.963 × 10−8 Ω m is
connected in series with a battery of emf 3V and internal resistance 1Ω. Calculate the
resistance of the wire and current in the circuit.

7. Two identical cells either in series or in parallel combination, gives the same current
of 0.5 A through external resistance of 4Ω. Find the emf and internal resistance of each
cell.

8. In a Wheatstone bridge, resistances R1, R2, R3 and R4 are 10 Ω, 20 Ω, 30 Ω and 50

Ω respectively. Is the network balanced? If not, how do you vary (i) the arm R3 and (ii)
the arm R4 to balance the network?
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5MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Alternating current

1. A resistor of 50 Ω, a pure inductor of 250mH and a capacitor are in series in a

circuit containing an AC source of 220 V, 50 Hz. In the circuit, current leads the
voltage by 600 . Find the capacitance of the capacitor
2. A series LCR circuit contains a pure inductor of inductance 5 H, a capacitor of
capacitance 20 µF and resistor of resistance 40 Ω. If the AC source of 200 V, 50 Hz
is present in the circuit, find the impedance. Also find the resonant frequency of the
circuit.
3. An AC source of frequency 50Hz is connected in series with an inductor of 1H, a
capacitor of 90µF and a resistor of 100Ω. Does the current leads or lags the voltage?
Calculate the phase difference between the current and the voltage.
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5MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Alternating current

4. A resistor of 200 W and a capacitor of 15.0 mF are connected in series to a 220 V,

50 Hz ac source. (a) Calculate the current in the circuit; (b) Calculate the voltage
(rms) across the resistor and the capacitor

5. A sinusoidal voltage of peak value 283 V and frequency 50 Hz is applied to a series

LCR circuit in which R = 3 Ω, L = 25.48 mH, and C = 796 mF. Find (a) the impedance
of the circuit; (b) the phase difference between the voltage across the source and the
current; (c) the power dissipated in the circuit; and (d) the power factor.
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5MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Alternating current
6. A LCR circuit connected is to a variable frequency 230 V source. L = 5.0 H, C = 80 μF,
R = 40 Ω.
(a) Determine the source frequency that drives the circuit in resonance. (b) Obtain the
impedance of the circuit and the amplitude of current at the resonating frequency. (c) Determine
the rms potential drops across the three elements of the circuit
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5MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Ray optics and optical instruments

1. An equilateral prism is made of glass of unknown refractive index. A parallel beam
of light is incident on a face of the prism. The angle of minimum deviation is 40º.
Find the refractive index of the material of the prism. If the prism is placed in water
of refractive index 1.33, find the new angle of minimum deviation of a parallel
beam of light.

2. An object is placed at a distance 0.3 m from a convex lens of focal length 0.2 m.
Find the position and nature of the image formed. Also find the distance through
which the object should be moved to get an image of linear magnification ‘-1’.

3. A prism of angle 60˚ produces angle of minimum deviation of 40˚. What is its
refractive index? Calculate the angle of incidence.
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5MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Ray optics and optical instruments

4. Two lenses of focal length 0.2 m and 0.3 m are kept in contact. Find the focal length
of the combination, Calculate powers of two lenses and combination.

5. Double convex lens is to be manufactured from a glass of refractive index 1.52, with
both faces of same radius of curvature. What is the radius of curvature required if the
focal length is 25 cm. What will be new focal length when the lens is immersed in water
of refractive index 1.33.

6. The radii of curvature of two surfaces of a convex lens is 0.2 m and 0.22 m. Find the
focal length of the lens if refractive index of the material of the lens is 1.5. Also find the
change in focal length, if it is immersed in water of refractive index 1.33.
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3MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Electro Magnet Induction

1. A horizontal straight wire 10 m long is falling with a speed of 5.0 m s–1, at right angles to a
magnetic field, 0.30 × 10–4 Wbm–2. Find the instantaneous value of the emf induced in the wire.

2. The magnetic flux through a coil of 10 turns changes with time as 𝜙𝐵(𝑡) = 𝑡2 − 2𝑡 + 4 Wb. Find the
magnitude of the induced emf at t = 3 s.

3. A square loop of side 10 cm and resistance 0.5 Ω is placed vertically in the east-west plane. A
uniform magnetic field of 0.10 T is set up across the plane in the north-east direction. The magnetic
field is decreased to zero in 0.70 s at a steady rate. Determine the magnitudes of induced emf and
current during this time-interval.

4. The magnetic field inside a coil of length 0.5 m and area of cross section 100 cm2 is 1.585 × 10-3 T.
What is the magnetic energy density inside the coil? Also, calculate the magnetic energy stored by
the coil
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3MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Ray optics and optical instruments

1. A small candle is placed at a distance of 20 cm in front of a concave mirror of
radius of curvature 30 cm. At what distance from the mirror should a screen be
placed in order to obtain a sharp image? What is the nature of the image?

2. A small telescope has an objective lens of focal length 144cm and an eye piece of
focal length 6 cm. What is the magnifying power of the telescope?

3. An object is placed at a distance of 40 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 15

cm. If the object is displaced through a distance of 20 cm towards the mirror, by
how much distance is the image displaced?
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3MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Nuclei
1. Find the energy equivalent of one atomic mass unit, first in joule and then in MeV.
Given: 1𝑢 = 1.6605 × 10−27 𝑘𝑔, 𝑒 = 1.602 × 10−19 𝐶 and 𝑐 = 2.9979 × 108 𝑚/𝑠 .

2. Two nuclei have mass numbers in the ratio 8 : 125. What is the ratio of their nuclear
radii?

3. Calculate the mass defect of oxygen nucleus (16𝑂)using the following data in Mev:
Mass of proton = 1.007825 u; Mass of neutron =1.008665 u; Mass of oxygen
nucleus = 15.995,

4. Mass defect of chlorine ( 35𝐶𝑙) nucleus is 0.31092 u. Calculate binding energy and
binding energy per nucleon of an chlorine nucleus
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2MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Moving Charges and Magnetism

1. A moving coil galvanometer gives a deflection of 10 divisions when 200 µA of
current is passed through it. Find the current sensitivity of the galvanometer.

2. A long air-core solenoid of 1000 turns per unit length carries a current of 2 A.
Calculate the magnetic field at the mid-point on its axis.

3. A proton is moving with a velocity of 5 × 106 ms-1 in a direction perpendicular to a

magnetic field of strength 0.1 T. Find the force on the proton. Charge on proton =
1.6 × 10-19 C.

4. A moving coil galvanometer has various particulars as n = 30, B = 0.25 T, A = 1.5

× 10-3 m² and k=10-3 N-m/deg. Determine the current sensitivity of the
galvanometer
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2MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Electromagnetic Induction
1. A boy peddles a stationary bicycle. The pedals of the bicycle are attached to a coil
of 100 turns, each turn of area 0.20 m2 . The coil rotates at 6 rotations per second
and it is placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.01 T perpendicular to the axis of
rotation of the coil.
2. The magnetic flux linked with a coil changes from 5 × 10-3 Wb to 3 × 10-3 Wb in
0.01 second. Calculate the magnitude of the induced emf in the coil.
3. A wheel with 10 metallic spokes each 0.5 m long is rotated with a speed of 120
revolutions per minute in a plane normal to the horizontal component of earth’s
magnetic field 0.4 × 10-4 T. What is the induced emf between the axle and the rim of
the wheel?
4. The electric current in a coil of self-inductance 0.05 H changes from + 2 A to – 2 A in
a time interval of 0.1 s. Find the magnitude of the induced emf in the coil.
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2MARKS -IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

Electromagnetic Induction
5. Current in a circuit falls from 5.0 A to 0.0 A in 0.1 s. If an average emf of 200 V
induced, give an estimate of the self-inductance of the circuit.

6. A pair of adjacent coils has a mutual inductance of 1.5 H. If the current in one coil
changes from 0 to 20 A in 0.5 s, what is the change of flux linkage with the other coil?
Assume no leakage of magnetic flux.

7. A coil of self-inductance stores an energy of 3.75 J when it carries a current of 5 A.

Find the self- inductance of the coil.
 5,3,2 MARKS ANALYSIS

5 Marks 3 Marks 2 Marks

Electric charges and fields Electric charges and fields Electric charges and fields

Electric potential and Electric potential and capacitance Electric potential and capacitance
capacitance(STQ)
Current electricity Moving charges and magnetism Current electricity

Moving charges and magnetism Magnetism and matter Moving charges and magnetism

Ray optics Electromagnetic Induction Magnetism and matter

Wave optics(STQ) Ray optics and wave optics EMW and Electromagnetic
Induction
Semiconductor electronics Dual nature of radiation and matter Ray optics and Atom

Atoms and nuclei Semiconductor electronics

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5MARKS -QUESTIONS

Electric charges and fields

1. State Gauss’s law in electrostatics. Derive an expression for the electric field at a
point due to an infinitely long thin uniformly charged straight wire using Gauss's
law.
2. Derive the expression for the electric field at a point on the axis of an electric
dipole.
3. Derive the expression for electric field at a point on the equatorial plane of an
electric dipole.
4. Using Gauss law, derive the expression for the electric field due to an infinitely long
straight uniformly charged wire
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5MARKS -QUESTIONS

Electric potential and capacitance

1. a) Obtain an expression for potential energy of an electric dipole placed in a uniform
electric field. (3) b) Define energy density of a charged capacitor. How is the energy
density related to electric field present between the plates of capacitor?
2. Derive an expression for the electric potential due to an electric dipole.
3. Define capacitance of a capacitor. Arrive at the expression for the capacitance of
a parallel plate capacitor.
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5MARKS -QUESTIONS

Current Electricity
1. Arrive at the balance condition of Wheatstone bridge using Kirchhoff’s rules
2. Derive an expression for electric current in terms of drift velocity and number
density of free electrons.
3. Two cells of different emfs and different internal resistances are connected in series.
Derive the expression for effective emf and effective internal resistance of the
combination
4. Obtain the expression for the effective capacitance of a parallel combination of two
different capacitors
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5MARKS -QUESTIONS

Moving charges and magnetism

1. What is the principle behind the working of a moving coil galvanometer? With the
help of a neat labelled diagram, obtain the expression for the angular deflection
produced in moving coil galvanometer.
2. Derive an expression for force per unit length on two infinitely long thin parallel
straight conductors carrying currents and hence define ‘ampere’.
3. Derive the expression for the magnetic field at a point on the axis of a circular
current loop.
4. Obtain the expression for the torque acting on a rectangular current loop placed in a
uniform magnetic field.
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5MARKS -QUESTIONS

Ray optics
1. Derive the expression for refractive index of the material of the prism in terms of
angle of minimum deviation and angle of the prism.
2. Derive the mirror equation
3. Derive the relation connecting n, u, v and R for refraction through a spherical
surface.
4. Derive Lens maker’s formula
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5MARKS -QUESTIONS

Wave Optics
1. a) What is a wavefront? (1) b) Explain the refraction of a parallel plane wave
through a thin prism with a neat diagram. (2) b) Give any two differences between
constructive and destructive interferences of light.
2. a) Two coherent waves of a constant phase difference undergo interference. Obtain
the expression for the resultant displacement. b) Write the conditions for
constructive and destructive interference in terms of phase difference
3. Give the theory of interference and hence arrive the conditions of constructive and
destructive interference pattern. OR Derive the expression for resultant amplitude
when two coherent waves are superpose on each other. Write conditions of
constructive and destructive interference pattern
4. With a schematic diagram, explain the Young’s double slit experiment
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5MARKS -QUESTIONS

Semiconductor Electronics
1. (a) Write three differences between intrinsic semiconductor and extrinsic
semiconductor. (b) Draw the energy band diagrams of (i) n-type and (ii) p-type
semiconductors at temperature T > 0 K
2. What is a half-wave rectifier? Explain the working of a half-wave rectifier using
neat circuit diagram. Also draw input-output waveforms corresponding to it.
3. What is a rectifier? Explain the working of a full-wave rectifier using a neat circuit
diagram. Draw its input-output waveforms.
4. Explain the construction and formation of a p-n junction.
5. Draw the I-V characteristics of p-n junction diode and hence discuss the resistance
of the junction in both forward bias and reverse bias conditions.
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3 and 2 MARKS QUESTIONS

Electric charges and fields

1. Derive the expression for the torque on an electric dipole placed in a uniform
electric field
2. What is an electric dipole? Define electric dipole moment. Give its direction
3. Write any three properties of electric field lines.
4. State and explain Gauss’s law in electrostatics.
5. ‘The charges are additive in nature’. Explain
6. State and explain Coulomb’s law. Write Coulomb’s law in vector form and explain
the terms
7. Sketch the electric field lines due to (i) an electric dipole and (ii) a pair of positive
charges and (iii) positive charge and (iv) negative charge
8. Write the three basic properties of electric charge.
9. When does an electric dipole placed in a uniform electric field experience (a)
maximum and(b) minimum torque?
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3 and 2 MARKS QUESTIONS

Electrostatic potential capacitance

1. Give three results of electrostatics of conductors
2. What is an equipotential surface? What will be the shape of equipotential surfaces
corresponding to a single point charge?
3. What is a capacitor? Mention any two factors on which the capacitance of a parallel
plate capacitor depends.
4. Obtain the expression for the effective capacitance of two capacitors connected in
parallel.
5. Derive an expression for potential energy stored in an electric dipole placed in a
uniform electric field.
6. Obtain the expression for the relation between electric field and electric potential
7. Distinguish between polar and non-polar dielectrics. Give an example for each.
8. Mention the properties of equipotential surface
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3 and 2 MARKS QUESTIONS

Current Electricity
1. Name the two factors on which the resistance of a metallic wire depends.
2. Give any two differences between current and current density.
3. Define drift velocity and mobility of free electrons in conductors
4. State and explain Ohm’s law
5. Write any two differences between resistance and resistivity.
6. Write any two limitations of Ohm’s law.
7. What are ohmic and non-ohmic devices? Give an example for each.
8. Obtain an expression for current drawn by an external resistance using Ohm’s law.
Or. Arrive at the relation between terminal potential difference and emf of a cell
using ohm’s law.
9. Arrive at J = σ̅E, where symbols have their usual meaning or derive the expression
for current density in terms of electric field and conductivity of the material using
ohm’s law.
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3 and 2 MARKS QUESTIONS

Moving Charges and magnetism

1. When does a current carrying conductor placed in a uniform magnetic field
experience (i) maximum force and (ii) minimum force?
2. State and explain Biot-Savart’s law with a suitable diagram.
3. Derive an expression for angular frequency of revolution for a charged particle
moving perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field.
4. What is Lorentz force? Write its expression and explain the terms.
5. On what factors the force experienced by a charged particle moving in a magnetic
field depends?
6. What is the nature of trajectory of a charged particle in a uniform magnetic field
with initial velocity at an angle (i) 0° (ii) 90° and (iii) in between 0° and 90°, with
the direction of the magnetic field?
7. Obtain the expression for radius of circular path described by a charged particle in a
uniform magnetic field.
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3 and 2 MARKS QUESTIONS

Moving Charges and magnetism

8. State and explain of Biot-Savart’s law.
9. Write the expression for magnetic force acting on a charged particle moving in a
uniform magnetic field and explain the terms.
10. What is Lorentz force? Write the expression representing this force.
11. When is the force on a conductor carrying current in a magnetic field (a) maximum
and (b) minimum?
12. Write the expression for radius of circular path described by a charged particle in a
uniform magnetic field and explain the terms.
13. State and explain Ampere’s circuital law.
14. Write the expression for the force between two long straight parallel conductors
carrying currents and explain the terms.
15. Define ‘ampere’ the S.I unit of current by writing the expression for force between
two parallel currents
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3 and 2 MARKS QUESTIONS

Moving Charges and magnetism

16. When is the torque on a current loop in magnetic field (i) maximum and (ii)
minimum?
17. Write an expression for angular deflection produced by a coil in moving coil
galvanometer and explain the terms.
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3 and 2 MARKS QUESTIONS

Magnetism and matter

1. Write the three differences between diamagnetic and ferromagnetic materials
2. Define “magnetisation of a sample”. How is it related to magnetic intensity?
3. Mention any three properties of magnetic field lines.
4. Write any three differences between diamagnetic and paramagnetic materials.
5. Mention the two differences between Gauss law in magnetism and Gauss law in
electrostatics.
6. Define susceptibility of a substance. How are susceptibility and relative
permeability related to each other?
7. When is the potential energy of a dipole in placed in a uniform magnetic field (i)
minimum (ii) maximum?
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3 and 2 MARKS QUESTIONS

Electromagnetic Induction
1. Derive the expression for motional emf induced in a straight conductor moving
perpendicular to uniform magnetic field.
2. State Faraday’s law and Lenz’s law of electromagnetic induction.
3. Describe an experiment to demonstrate the phenomenon of electromagnetic
induction using a bar magnet and a coil.
4. Derive the expression for motional emf in a conducting rod moving in uniform
magnetic field.
5. Mention any three factors on which the self-inductance of a coil depends.
6. Obtain the expression for energy stored in an inductor.
7. State and explain Lenz’s law in electromagnetic induction
8. Give the expression for mutual inductance induced between two co-axial solenoids
and explain the terms.
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3 and 2 MARKS QUESTIONS

Electromagnetic Induction
9. Give the principle of AC generator. Why is a current induced in an AC generator
called alternating current?
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3 and 2 MARKS QUESTIONS

Electromagnetic Waves
1. What is displacement current? Give the expression for it.
2. Name the electromagnetic waves used for the following applications. a) The radar
systems used in aircraft navigation. b) The remote switches of household electronic
systems such as TV.
3. Write any two uses of ultraviolet radiations.
4. What is displacement current? Write the expression for speed of light in vacuum in
terms of permittivity and permeability
5. Give any two properties of electromagnetic waves
6. Mention any two uses of radio waves.
7. Name the electromagnetic waves used for the following applications.
(a) The radar systems used in aircraft navigation.
(b) The remote switches of household electronic systems such as TV.
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3 and 2 MARKS QUESTIONS

Ray optics and optical instruments

1. Derive the relation between radius of curvature and focal length in case of a
concave mirror.
2. Name the objective used in a) refracting type telescope and b) reflecting type
telescope.
3. Write the two conditions for the total internal reflection to occur.
4. Give the sign conventions used in geometric optics.
5. Give the conditions for total internal reflection.
6. Mention the factors on which focal length of a lens depends.
7. Draw the ray diagram of image formation in compound microscope
8. Give any three applications of optical fibres.
9. Mention the factors on which focal length of a lens depends.
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3 and 2 MARKS QUESTIONS

Wave optics
1. Mention three uses of polaroids
2. Using Huygen’s principle, show that the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of
incidence when a plane wavefront is reflected by a plane surface.
3. Write any three differences between interference and diffraction of light.
4. What is interference of light? Write the conditions for constructive interference
and destructive interference in terms of path difference
5. State and explain Malus’ law of polarization of light.
6. What is a wavefront? Name the wavefront emitted by a point source.
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3 and 2 MARKS QUESTIONS

Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

1. Give Einstein’s explanation of photoelectric effect and write Einstein’s photoelectric
equation.
2. Give any three results of experimental study of photoelectric effect .
3. Explain briefly the Hallwach’s experimental observation on photoelectric effect.
4. Write any three properties of photon.
5. Explain briefly the Lenard’s experimental observations on photoelectric effect.
6. Define the terms: i) Photoelectric saturation current ii) Threshold frequency
iii) Stopping potential
7. Using Einstein’s photoelectric equation, explain the experimental results of
photoelectric effect
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3 and 2 MARKS QUESTIONS

Atoms
1. Write two limitations of Bohr’s atom model.
2. How is total energy of an electron revolving in an orbit of hydrogen atom related to
the principal quantum number of the orbit? What is the significance of the negative
sign in the expression for total energy of electron in a hydrogen atom?
3. Write the three postulates of Bohr’s atom model.
4. Mention the expression for energy of the nth stationary orbit of hydrogen atom.
Explain its terms.
5. What is Bohr radius? Write its formula.
6. Give De-Broglie’s explanation of Bohr’s second postulate of quantization of angular
momentum
7. Define impact parameter. What are the angle of scattering for a) minimum impact
parameter; b) larger impact parameter
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3 and 2 MARKS QUESTIONS

Nuclei
1. Write the three features of nuclear force.
2. Define ‘binding energy’ and ‘mass defect’. Write the relation between them.
3. What are isotopes? Give an example.
4. Write the expression for mass defect. Explain the terms.
5. Explain Einstein’s mass-energy relation.
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3 and 2 MARKS QUESTIONS

Semiconductor Electronics
1. How can a semiconductor diode be forward biased? What happens to the width of
the depletion region when forward bias voltage is increased?
2. How can a semiconductor diode be forward biased? What happens to the width of
the depletion region when forward bias voltage is increased?
3. What are intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors?
4. Name the majority and the minority charge carriers in n-type semiconductor.
5. Under what condition does a p-n junction diode work as (i) a closed switch and (ii)
an open switch
6. What happens to the width of depletion layer of a p-n junction diode when it is
(i) forward biased and (ii) reverse biased?
7. Classify conductors, semiconductors and insulators on the basis of energy gap.
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3 and 2 MARKS QUESTIONS

Semiconductor Electronics
8. Distinguish between intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductor
9. Distinguish between n-type and p-type type semiconductor
10. Define the terms (i) cut in voltage (ii) breakdown voltage and (iii) reverse saturation
current
DIS Connections
Excessive use of social media during

exams can lead to distractions,

affecting concentration and overall

academic performance.
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