XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.

4
Radio Frequency (RF) Module

User Guide
 Revision history—90001500

Revision Date Description

K May 2019 Added FCC publication 996369 related information.
L July 2019 Added the NP command. Added RS-485 support.

M July 2021 Added safety instructions and UKCA labeling requirements.

N September 2021 Updated Mexican certifications.
P March 2022 Added translated safety instructions.

Trademarks and copyright

Digi, Digi International, and the Digi logo are trademarks or registered trademarks in the United States
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their respective owners.
© 2022 Digi International Inc. All rights reserved.

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merchantability for a particular purpose. Digi may make improvements and/or changes in this manual
or in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this manual at any time.

Warranty
To view product warranty information, go to the following website:
www.digi.com/howtobuy/terms

Customer support
Gather support information: Before contacting Digi technical support for help, gather the following
information:
Product name and model
Product serial number (s)
Firmware version
Operating system/browser (if applicable)
Logs (from time of reported issue)
Trace (if possible)
Description of issue
Steps to reproduce

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 2

 Contact Digi technical support: Digi offers multiple technical support plans and service packages.
Contact us at +1 952.912.3444 or visit us at www.digi.com/support.

Feedback
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Include the document title and part number (XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide,
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XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 3

 Contents

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide

Applicable firmware and hardware 12

Safety instructions
Safety instructions 14
XBee modules 14
Инструкции за безопасност 14
XBee модули 14
Sigurnosne upute 15
XBee moduli 15
Bezpečnostní instrukce 15
moduly XBee 15
Sikkerhedsinstruktioner 16
XBee moduler 16
Veiligheidsinstructies 16
XBee-modules 16
Ohutusjuhised 17
XBee moodulid 17
Turvallisuusohjeet 17
XBee moduulit 17
Consignes de sécurité 18
Modules XBee 18
Sicherheitshinweise 19
XBee-Module 19
Οδηγίες ασφ αλείας 19
Biztonsági utasítások 20
XBee modulok 20
Istruzioni di sicurezza 20
Drošības instrukcijas 21
Saugos instrukcijos 21
XBee moduliai 21
Sikkerhetsinstruksjoner 22
XBee-moduler 22
Instrukcje bezpieczeństwa 22
Moduły XBee 22
Instruções de segurança 23
Módulos XBee 23
Instructiuni de siguranta 24
module XBee 24

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 4

 Bezpečnostné inštrukcie 24
moduly XBee 24
Varnostna navodila 25
XBee moduli 25
Módulos XBee 25
Säkerhets instruktioner 26
XBee-moduler 26

Technical specifications
Performance specifications 28
Power requirements 28
General specifications 29
Regulatory conformity summary 29
Serial communication specifications 30
UART pin assignments 30
SPI pin assignments 30
GPIO specifications 31

Hardware
Antenna options 33
Mechanical drawings 33
Mounting considerations 34
Pin signals 35
Notes 38
Design notes 38
Power supply design 38
Board layout 38
Antenna performance 39
Keepout area 39
RF pad version 41

Configure the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module

Software libraries 45
Configure the device using XCTU 45
Over-the-air (OTA) firmware update 45
XBee Network Assistant 45
XBee Multi Programmer 46

Modes
Serial modes 48
Transparent operating mode 48
API operating mode 48
Command mode 49
Transceiver modes 51
Idle mode 51
Transmit mode 51
Receive mode 51

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 5

 Operation
Addressing 53
Send packets to a specific device 53
Addressing modes 53
Encryption 53
Maximum payload 55
Maximum payload rules 55
Maximum payload summary tables 56
Work with Legacy devices 56
Networking 57
MAC Mode configuration 57
XBee retries configuration 58
Transmit status based on MAC mode and XBee retries configurations 58
Peer-to-peer networks 59
Master/slave networks 59
Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) 63
CCA operations 63
Serial interface 64
Select a serial port 64
UART data flow 65
Flow control 65
SPI operation 67
SPI signals 67
SPI parameters 68
SPI and API mode 68
Full duplex operation 68
Slave mode characteristics 68
I/O support 69
Digital I/O line support 70
Analog input 70
On demand I/O sampling 70
Periodic I/O sampling 72
Change Detect I/O sampling 73
Wakeup I/O sampling 74
Sample rate (interval) 74
I/O line passing 74
Output control 75
Sleep support 75
Sleep modes 75
Sleep parameters 76
Sleep current 77
Sleep pins 77
Direct and indirect transmission 77
Node discovery 78
Node discovery 78
Node discovery in compatibility mode 79
Directed node discovery 79
Directed node discovery in compatibility mode 79
Destination Node 79
Remote configuration commands 80
Send a remote command 80
Apply changes on remote devices 80
Remote command responses 80

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 6

 AT commands
Special commands 82
WR (Write) 82
RE (Restore Defaults) 82
FR (Software Reset) 82
Networking and security commands 82
C8 (802.15.4 Compatibility) 83
CH (Operating Channel) 84
ID (Network ID) 84
DH (Destination Address High) 85
DL (Destination Address Low) 85
MY (Source Address) 85
SH (Serial Number High) 85
SL (Serial Number Low) 86
MM (MAC Mode) 86
RR (XBee Retries) 87
RN (Random Delay Slots) 87
ND (Network Discovery) 88
NT (Node Discover Timeout) 89
NO (Node Discovery Options) 89
DN (Discover Node) 89
CE (Coordinator Enable) 90
SC (Scan Channels) 90
SD (Scan Duration) 91
A1 (End Device Association) 92
A2 (Coordinator Association) 93
AI (Association Indication) 93
DA (Force Disassociation) 94
FP (Force Poll) 94
AS (Active Scan) 95
ED (Energy Detect) 96
EE (Encryption Enable) 96
KY (AES Encryption Key) 96
NI (Node Identifier) 97
NP (Maximum Packet Payload Bytes) 97
RF interfacing commands 98
PL (TX Power Level) 98
PM (Power Mode) 99
CA (CCA Threshold) 99
Sleep commands 100
SM (Sleep Mode) 100
ST (Time before Sleep) 100
SP (Cyclic Sleep Period) 100
DP (Disassociated Cyclic Sleep Period) 101
SO (Sleep Options) 101
Serial interfacing commands 102
BD (Interface Data Rate) 102
NB (Parity) 103
RO (Packetization Timeout) 103
D7 (DIO7/CTS) 104
D6 (DIO6/RTS) 104
AP (API Enable) 105
I/O settings commands 105
D0 (DIO0/AD0) 105

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 7

 D1 (DIO1/AD1) 106
D2 (DIO2/AD2) 106
D3 (DIO3/AD3) 107
D4 (DIO4) 107
D5 (DIO5/ASSOCIATED_INDICATOR) 108
D8 (DIO8/SLEEP_REQUEST) 108
P0 (RSSI/PWM0 Configuration) 109
P1 (PWM1 Configuration) 109
P2 (SPI_MISO) 110
M0 (PWM0 Duty Cycle) 110
M1 (PWM1 Duty Cycle) 111
P5 (SPI_MISO) 111
P6 (SPI_MOSI Configuration) 111
P7 (SPI_SSEL ) 112
P8 (SPI_SCLK) 112
P9 (SPI_ATTN) 112
PR (Pull-up/Down Resistor Enable) 113
PD (Pull Up/Down Direction) 114
IU (I/O Output Enable) 114
IT (Samples before TX) 114
IS (Force Sample) 114
IO (Digital Output Level) 115
IC (DIO Change Detect) 115
IR (Sample Rate) 115
RP (RSSI PWM Timer) 116
I/O line passing commands 116
IA (I/O Input Address) 116
T0 (D0 Timeout) 117
T1 (D1 Output Timeout) 117
T2 (D2 Output Timeout) 117
T3 (D3 Output Timeout) 118
T4 (D4 Output Timeout) 118
T5 (D5 Output Timeout) 118
T6 (D6 Output Timeout) 118
T7 (D7 Output Timeout) 119
PT (PWM Output Timeout) 119
Diagnostic commands 119
VR (Firmware Version) 119
VL (Version Long) 119
HV (Hardware Version) 120
DB (Last Packet RSSI) 120
EC (CCA Failures) 120
EA (ACK Failures) 120
DD (Device Type Identifier) 121
Command mode options 121
CT (Command mode Timeout) 121
CN (Exit Command mode) 121
AC (Apply Changes) 122
GT (Guard Times) 122
CC (Command Character) 122

Operate in API mode

API mode overview 124
API frame specifications 124

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 8

 API operation (AP parameter = 1) 124
API operation-with escaped characters (AP parameter = 2) 124
Start delimiter 125
Length 125
Frame data 125
Checksum 126
Calculate and verify checksums 126
Escaped characters in API frames 127
Frame descriptions 128
64-bit Transmit Request - 0x00 129
16-bit Transmit Request - 0x01 131
Local AT Command Request - 0x08 133
Queue Local AT Command Request - 0x09 135
Remote AT Command Request - 0x17 137
64-bit Receive Packet - 0x80 140
16-bit Receive Packet - 0x81 142
64-bit I/O Sample Indicator - 0x82 144
16-bit I/O Sample Indicator - 0x83 146
Local AT Command Response - 0x88 148
Transmit Status - 0x89 150
Modem Status - 0x8A 153
Modem status codes 154
Remote AT Command Response- 0x97 155

Regulatory information
United States (FCC) 159
OEM labeling requirements 159
FCC notices 159
FCC-approved antennas (2.4 GHz) 161
RF exposure 173
FCC publication 996369 related information 173
Europe (CE) 174
Maximum power and frequency specifications 174
CE and UKCA OEM labeling requirements 174
Listen Before Talk requirement 176
Declarations of conformity 176
Antennas 176
ISED (Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada) 176
Labeling requirements 176
For XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module 177
For XBee S2C surface-mount 177
For XBee-PRO S2C surface-mount 177
For XBee S2C through-hole 177
For XBee-PRO S2C through-hole 177
Transmitters for detachable antennas 177
Detachable antenna 177
Firmware Version Identification number (FVIN) 178
Australia (RCM) 178
South Korea 178
IFETEL (Mexico) 182
OEM labeling requirements 183

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 9

 Load 802.15.4 firmware on ZB devices
Background 186
Load 802.15.4 firmware 186

Migrate from XBee through-hole to surface-mount devices

Pin mapping 189
Mount the devices 190

PCB design and manufacturing

Recommended solder reflow cycle 193
Recommended footprint and keepout 193
Flux and cleaning 195
Rework 195

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 10

 XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide
XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Modules are embedded solutions providing wireless end-point
connectivity to devices. These devices use the IEEE 802.15.4 networking protocol for fast point-to-
multipoint or peer-to-peer networking. They are designed for high-throughput applications requiring
low latency and predictable communication timing.
There are two footprints for the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module hardware: through-hole (TH)
and surface-mount (SMT). TH devices include a 20-pin header and require the placement of two 1x10
sockets on the carrier board for mounting the device. SMT devices include 37 pads. They are placed
directly on the carrier board, which means they do not require holes or sockets for mounting.
The TH version may be useful for prototyping and production, but we recommend SMT for high-
volume applications, as the component can be placed automatically by a pick-and-place machine and
you save the cost of a socket on each board.
The XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module supports the needs of low-cost, low-power wireless
sensor networks. The devices require minimal power and provide reliable delivery of data between
devices. The devices operate within the ISM 2.4 GHz frequency band.
The XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module uses S2C hardware and the Silicon Labs EM357 chipset.
As the name suggests, the 802.15.4 module is over-the-air compatible with our Legacy 802.15.4
module (S1 hardware), and the TH versions of the new product are also form factor compatible with
designs that use the Legacy module.

Note OTA capability is only available when MM (Mac Mode) = 0 or 3

Applicable firmware and hardware 12

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 11

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide Applicable firmware and hardware

Applicable firmware and hardware

This manual supports the following firmware:
n 802.15.4 version 20xx
It supports the following hardware:
n XB24C TH
n XB24C SMT
n XBP24C TH
n XBP24C SMT

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 12

 Safety instructions

Safety instructions 14
Инструкции за безопасност 14
Sigurnosne upute 15
Bezpečnostní instrukce 15
Sikkerhedsinstruktioner 16
Veiligheidsinstructies 16
Ohutusjuhised 17
Turvallisuusohjeet 17
Consignes de sécurité 18
Sicherheitshinweise 19
Οδηγίες ασφ αλείας 19
Biztonsági utasítások 20
Istruzioni di sicurezza 20
Drošības instrukcijas 21
Saugos instrukcijos 21
Sikkerhetsinstruksjoner 22
Instrukcje bezpieczeństwa 22
Instruções de segurança 23
Instructiuni de siguranta 24
Bezpečnostné inštrukcie 24
Varnostna navodila 25
Módulos XBee 25
Säkerhets instruktioner 26

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 13

Safety instructions Safety instructions

Safety instructions

XBee modules
n The XBee radio module cannot be guaranteed operation due to the radio link and so should
not be used for interlocks in safety critical devices such as machines or automotive
applications.
n The XBee radio module have not been approved for use in (this list is not exhaustive):
l medical devices
l nuclear applications
l explosive or flammable atmospheres
n There are no user serviceable components inside the XBee radio module. Do not remove the
shield or modify the XBee in any way. Modifications may exclude the module from any
warranty and can cause the XBee radio to operate outside of regulatory compliance for a given
country, leading to the possible illegal operation of the radio.
n Use industry standard ESD protection when handling the XBee module.
n Take care while handling to avoid electrical damage to the PCB and components.
n Do not expose XBee radio modules to water or moisture.
n Use this product with the antennas specified in the XBee module user guides.
n The end user must be told how to remove power from the XBee radio module or to locate the
antennas 20 cm from humans or animals.

Инструкции за безопасност

XBee модули
n Радио модулът XBee не може да бъде гарантиран за работа поради радиовръзката и
затова не трябва да се използва за блокировки в критични за безопасността устройства
като машини или автомобилни приложения.
n Радио модулът XBee не е одобрен за използване в (този списък не е изчерпателен):
l медицински изделия
l ядрени приложения
l експлозивна или запалима атмосфера
n В радиомодула XBee няма компоненти, които могат да се обслужват от потребителя. Не
премахвайте щита и не модифицирайте XBee по никакъв начин. Модификациите могат
да изключат модула от всякаква гаранция и да накарат радиото XBee да работи извън
регулаторното съответствие за дадена държава, което води до възможна незаконна
работа на радиото.
n Използвайте стандартна ESD защита при работа с XBee модула.
n Внимавайте, докато боравите, за да избегнете електрически повреди на печатната
платка и компонентите.
n Не излагайте радиомодулите XBee на вода или влага.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 14

Safety instructions Sigurnosne upute

n Използвайте този продукт с антените, посочени в ръководствата за потребителя на

модула XBee.
n Крайният потребител трябва да бъде казано как да премахне захранването от
радиомодула XBee или да разположи антените на 20 см от хора или животни.

Sigurnosne upute

XBee moduli
n Radio modulu XBee ne može se jamčiti rad zbog radio veze i stoga se ne smije koristiti za
blokade u sigurnosnim kritičnim uređajima kao što su strojevi ili automobilske aplikacije.
n XBee radio modul nije odobren za upotrebu u (ovaj popis nije konačan):
l medicinskih uređaja
l nuklearne primjene
l eksplozivne ili zapaljive atmosfere
n Unutar XBee radio modula nema komponenti koje može servisirati korisnik. Nemojte uklanjati
štit i ni na koji način modificirati XBee. Izmjene mogu isključiti modul iz bilo kakvog jamstva i
mogu uzrokovati rad XBee radija izvan usklađenosti s propisima za određenu zemlju, što može
dovesti do mogućeg nezakonitog rada radija.
n Koristite standardnu ESD zaštitu pri rukovanju XBee modulom.
n Budite oprezni tijekom rukovanja kako biste izbjegli električna oštećenja PCB-a i komponenti.
n Ne izlažite XBee radio module vodi ili vlazi.
n Koristite ovaj proizvod s antenama navedenim u korisničkim vodičima za XBee modul.
n Krajnjem korisniku se mora reći kako da isključi napajanje iz XBee radio modula ili da locira
antene 20 cm od ljudi ili životinja.

Bezpečnostní instrukce

moduly XBee
n Rádiový modul XBee nemůže zaručit provoz kvůli rádiovému spojení, a proto by neměl být
používán pro blokování v zařízeních kritických z hlediska bezpečnosti, jako jsou stroje nebo
automobilové aplikace.
n Rádiový modul XBee nebyl schválen pro použití v (tento seznam není vyčerpávající):
l zdravotnické prostředky
l jaderné aplikace
l výbušné nebo hořlavé atmosféry
n Uvnitř rádiového modulu XBee nejsou žádné uživatelsky opravitelné součásti. Neodstraňujte
štít ani nijak neupravujte XBee. Úpravy mohou vyjmout modul z jakékoli záruky a mohou
způsobit, že rádio XBee bude fungovat mimo zákonnou shodu pro danou zemi, což povede k
možnému nezákonnému provozu rádia.
n Při manipulaci s modulem XBee používejte standardní ochranu ESD.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 15

Safety instructions Sikkerhedsinstruktioner

n Při manipulaci buďte opatrní, aby nedošlo k elektrickému poškození desky plošných spojů a
součástí.
n Nevystavujte rádiové moduly XBee vodě nebo vlhkosti.
n Používejte tento produkt s anténami uvedenými v uživatelských příručkách modulu XBee.
n Koncový uživatel musí být informován, jak odpojit napájení rádiového modulu XBee nebo jak
umístit antény 20 cm od lidí nebo zvířat.

Sikkerhedsinstruktioner

XBee moduler
n XBee-radiomodulet kan ikke garanteres drift på grund af radioforbindelsen og bør derfor ikke
bruges til aflåsninger i sikkerhedskritiske enheder såsom maskiner eller bilapplikationer.
n XBee-radiomodulet er ikke godkendt til brug i (denne liste er ikke udtømmende):
l medicinsk udstyr
l nukleare applikationer
l eksplosive eller brandfarlige atmosfærer
n Der er ingen komponenter, der kan repareres af brugeren, inde i XBee-radiomodulet. Fjern ikke
skjoldet eller modificer XBee på nogen måde. Ændringer kan udelukke modulet fra enhver
garanti og kan få XBee-radioen til at fungere uden for lovgivningsoverholdelse for et givet land,
hvilket kan føre til den mulige ulovlige drift af radioen.
n Brug industristandard ESD-beskyttelse, når du håndterer XBee-modulet.
n Vær forsigtig under håndteringen for at undgå elektrisk beskadigelse af printet og
komponenterne.
n Udsæt ikke XBee-radiomoduler for vand eller fugt.
n Brug dette produkt med de antenner, der er specificeret i XBee-modulets brugervejledninger.
n Slutbrugeren skal fortælles, hvordan man fjerner strømmen fra XBee-radiomodulet eller
placerer antennerne 20 cm fra mennesker eller dyr.

Veiligheidsinstructies

XBee-modules
n De werking van de XBee-radiomodule kan niet worden gegarandeerd vanwege de
radioverbinding en mag daarom niet worden gebruikt voor vergrendelingen in
veiligheidskritieke apparaten zoals machines of autotoepassingen.
n De XBee-radiomodule is niet goedgekeurd voor gebruik in (deze lijst is niet uitputtend):
l o medische apparaten
l o nucleaire toepassingen
l o explosieve of ontvlambare atmosferen

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 16

Safety instructions Ohutusjuhised

n Er zijn geen door de gebruiker te onderhouden componenten in de XBee-radiomodule.

Verwijder het schild niet en wijzig de XBee op geen enkele manier. Modificaties kunnen de
module uitsluiten van enige garantie en kunnen ertoe leiden dat de XBee-radio werkt buiten de
regelgeving voor een bepaald land, wat kan leiden tot de mogelijke illegale werking van de
radio.
n Gebruik industriestandaard ESD-bescherming bij het hanteren van de XBee-module.
n Wees voorzichtig bij het hanteren om elektrische schade aan de printplaat en componenten te
voorkomen.
n Stel XBee-radiomodules niet bloot aan water of vocht.
n Gebruik dit product met de antennes die zijn gespecificeerd in de gebruikershandleidingen van
de XBee-module.
n De eindgebruiker moet worden verteld hoe de voeding van de XBee-radiomodule moet worden
losgekoppeld of hoe de antennes op 20 cm van mensen of dieren moeten worden geplaatst.

Ohutusjuhised

XBee moodulid
n XBee raadiomooduli tööd ei saa raadiolingi tõttu garanteerida ja seetõttu ei tohiks seda
kasutada ohutuse seisukohalt oluliste seadmete (nt masinad või autorakendused)
blokeerimiseks.
n XBee raadiomoodulit ei ole heaks kiidetud kasutamiseks (see loetelu ei ole ammendav):
l meditsiiniseadmed
l tuumarakendused
l plahvatusohtlik või tuleohtlik keskkond
n XBee raadiomoodulis ei ole kasutaja poolt hooldatavaid komponente. Ärge eemaldage kaitset
ega muutke XBee mingil viisil. Muudatused võivad mooduli garantiist välja jätta ja XBee raadio
töötab väljaspool antud riigi regulatiivseid vastavusi, põhjustades raadio võimaliku
ebaseadusliku kasutamise.
n Kasutage XBee mooduli käsitsemisel tööstusharu standardset ESD-kaitset.
n Olge käsitsemisel ettevaatlik, et vältida PCB ja komponentide elektrikahjustusi.
n Ärge jätke XBee raadiomooduleid vee või niiskuse kätte.
n Kasutage seda toodet XBee mooduli kasutusjuhendis kirjeldatud antennidega.
n Lõppkasutajale tuleb öelda, kuidas XBee raadiomoodulilt toide eemaldada või antennid
inimestest või loomadest 20 cm kaugusele paigutada.

Turvallisuusohjeet

XBee moduulit
n XBee-radiomoduulin toimintaa ei voida taata radiolinkin vuoksi, joten sitä ei tule käyttää
turvallisuuden kannalta kriittisten laitteiden, kuten koneiden tai autosovellusten,

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 17

Safety instructions Consignes de sécurité

lukitsemiseen.
n XBee-radiomoduulia ei ole hyväksytty käytettäväksi (tämä luettelo ei ole tyhjentävä):
l lääketieteelliset laitteet
l ydinvoimasovellukset
l räjähdysvaarallisiin tai syttyviin tiloihin
n XBee-radiomoduulin sisällä ei ole käyttäjän huollettavia osia. Älä poista suojusta tai muokkaa
XBeetä millään tavalla. Muutokset voivat sulkea moduulin takuun ulkopuolelle ja aiheuttaa
sen, että XBee-radio toimii tietyn maan säädöstenmukaisuuden ulkopuolella, mikä johtaa
radion mahdolliseen laittomaan käyttöön.
n Käytä alan standardia ESD-suojausta käsitellessäsi XBee-moduulia.
n Ole varovainen käsitellessäsi, jotta vältät piirilevyn ja komponenttien sähkövauriot.
n Älä altista XBee-radiomoduuleja vedelle tai kosteudelle.
n Käytä tätä tuotetta XBee-moduulin käyttöoppaissa määriteltyjen antennien kanssa.
n Loppukäyttäjälle on kerrottava, kuinka XBee-radiomoduulin virta katkaistaan tai antennit
sijoitetaan 20 cm:n etäisyydelle ihmisistä tai eläimistä.

Consignes de sécurité

Modules XBee
n Le fonctionnement du module radio XBee ne peut pas être garanti en raison de la liaison radio
et ne doit donc pas être utilisé pour les verrouillages dans des dispositifs critiques pour la
sécurité tels que des machines ou des applications automobiles.
n Le module radio XBee n'a pas été approuvé pour une utilisation dans (cette liste n'est pas
exhaustive) :
l dispositifs médicaux
l applications nucléaires
l atmosphères explosives ou inflammables
n Il n'y a aucun composant réparable par l'utilisateur à l'intérieur du module radio XBee. Ne
retirez pas la protection et ne modifiez en aucune façon le XBee. Les modifications peuvent
exclure le module de toute garantie et peuvent entraîner le fonctionnement de la radio XBee
en dehors de la conformité réglementaire pour un pays donné, ce qui peut entraîner un
fonctionnement illégal de la radio.
n Utilisez la protection ESD standard de l'industrie lors de la manipulation du module XBee.
n Soyez prudent lors de la manipulation afin d'éviter des dommages électriques au circuit
imprimé et aux composants.
n N'exposez pas les modules radio XBee à l'eau ou à l'humidité.
n Utilisez ce produit avec les antennes spécifiées dans les guides d'utilisation du module XBee.
n L'utilisateur final doit savoir comment couper l'alimentation du module radio XBee ou placer
les antennes à 20 cm des humains ou des animaux.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 18

Safety instructions Sicherheitshinweise

Sicherheitshinweise

XBee-Module
n Der Betrieb des XBee-Funkmoduls kann aufgrund der Funkverbindung nicht garantiert werden
und sollte daher nicht für Verriegelungen in sicherheitskritischen Geräten wie Maschinen oder
Automobilanwendungen verwendet werden.
n Das XBee-Funkmodul ist nicht zugelassen für den Einsatz in (diese Liste ist nicht vollständig):
l Medizinprodukte
l nukleare Anwendungen
l explosive oder brennbare Atmosphären
n Das XBee-Funkmodul enthält keine vom Benutzer zu wartenden Komponenten. Entfernen Sie
nicht die Abschirmung oder modifizieren Sie das XBee in irgendeiner Weise. Modifikationen
können das Modul von jeglicher Garantie ausschließen und dazu führen, dass das XBee-
Funkgerät außerhalb der gesetzlichen Vorschriften für ein bestimmtes Land betrieben wird,
was zu einem möglichen illegalen Betrieb des Funkgeräts führen kann.
n Verwenden Sie beim Umgang mit dem XBee-Modul ESD-Schutz nach Industriestandard.
n Seien Sie vorsichtig bei der Handhabung, um elektrische Schäden an der Leiterplatte und den
Komponenten zu vermeiden.
n XBee-Funkmodule nicht Wasser oder Feuchtigkeit aussetzen.
n Verwenden Sie dieses Produkt mit den in den Benutzerhandbüchern des XBee-Moduls
angegebenen Antennen.
n Dem Endbenutzer muss mitgeteilt werden, wie er das XBee-Funkmodul von der
Stromversorgung trennt oder die Antennen 20 cm von Menschen oder Tieren entfernt aufstellt.

Οδηγίες ασφ αλείας

Μονάδες XBee
n Η μονάδα ραδιοφ ώνου XBee δεν μπορεί να εγγυηθεί τη λειτουργία της λόγω της ραδιοζεύξης
και επομένως δεν πρέπει να χρησιμοποιείται για ασφ άλειες σε κρίσιμες για την ασφ άλεια
συσκευές, όπως μηχανήματα ή εφ αρμογές αυτοκινήτου.
n Η μονάδα ραδιοφ ώνου XBee δεν έχει εγκριθεί για χρήση σε (αυτή η λίστα δεν είναι
εξαντλητική):
l ιατροτεχνολογικά προϊόντα
l πυρηνικές εφ αρμογές
l εκρηκτικές ή εύφ λεκτες ατμόσφ αιρες
n Δεν υπάρχουν εξαρτήματα που να μπορούν να επισκευαστούν από το χρήστη μέσα στη
μονάδα ραδιοφ ώνου XBee. Μην αφ αιρείτε την ασπίδα και μην τροποποιείτε το XBee με
κανέναν τρόπο. Οι τροποποιήσεις ενδέχεται να αποκλείουν τη μονάδα από οποιαδήποτε
εγγύηση και μπορεί να προκαλέσουν τη λειτουργία του ραδιοφ ώνου XBee εκτός της
συμμόρφ ωσης με τους κανονισμούς για μια δεδομένη χώρα, οδηγώντας σε πιθανή παράνομη
λειτουργία του ραδιοφ ώνου.
n Χρησιμοποιήστε βιομηχανική προστασία ESD κατά το χειρισμό της μονάδας XBee.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 19

Safety instructions Biztonsági utasítások

n Προσέχετε κατά το χειρισμό για να αποφ ύγετε ηλεκτρική βλάβη στο PCB και στα εξαρτήματα.
n Μην εκθέτετε τις μονάδες ραδιοφ ώνου XBee σε νερό ή υγρασία.
n Χρησιμοποιήστε αυτό το προϊόν με τις κεραίες που καθορίζονται στους οδηγούς χρήσης της
μονάδας XBee.
n Πρέπει να ενημερωθεί ο τελικός χρήστης πώς να αφ αιρέσει την τροφ οδοσία από τη μονάδα
ραδιοφ ώνου XBee ή να εντοπίσει τις κεραίες σε απόσταση 20 cm από ανθρώπους ή ζώα.

Biztonsági utasítások

XBee modulok
• Az XBee rádiómodul működése nem garantálható a rádiókapcsolat miatt, ezért nem használható
biztonsági szempontból kritikus eszközök, például gépek vagy autóipari alkalmazások reteszelésére.
• Az XBee rádiómodul nem engedélyezett a következő területeken való használatra (ez a lista nem
teljes):
o orvosi eszközök
o nukleáris alkalmazások
o robbanásveszélyes vagy gyúlékony légkör
• Az XBee rádiómodulban nincsenek felhasználó által javítható alkatrészek. Ne távolítsa el a pajzsot, és
semmilyen módon ne módosítsa az XBee-t. A módosítások kizárhatják a modult a jótállásból, és az
XBee rádió működését az adott ország jogszabályi előírásaitól eltérően okozhatják, ami a rádió
esetleges illegális működéséhez vezethet.
• Az XBee modul kezelésekor használjon ipari szabványos ESD védelmet.
• A kezelés során ügyeljen arra, hogy elkerülje a PCB és az alkatrészek elektromos károsodását.
• Ne tegye ki az XBee rádiómodulokat víznek vagy nedvességnek.
• Használja ezt a terméket az XBee modul használati útmutatójában meghatározott antennákkal.
• A végfelhasználót tájékoztatni kell arról, hogyan távolítsa el az XBee rádiómodul áramellátását, vagy
hogyan helyezze el az antennákat az emberektől vagy állatoktól 20 cm-re.

Istruzioni di sicurezza
Moduli XBee
n Il funzionamento del modulo radio XBee non può essere garantito a causa del collegamento
radio e quindi non deve essere utilizzato per gli interblocchi in dispositivi critici per la sicurezza
come macchine o applicazioni automobilistiche.
n Il modulo radio XBee non è stato approvato per l'uso in (questo elenco non è esaustivo):
l dispositivi medici
l applicazioni nucleari
l atmosfere esplosive o infiammabili
n Non ci sono componenti riparabili dall'utente all'interno del modulo radio XBee. Non
rimuovere lo scudo o modificare in alcun modo l'XBee. Le modifiche possono escludere il
modulo da qualsiasi garanzia e possono causare il funzionamento della radio XBee al di fuori
della conformità normativa per un determinato paese, portando al possibile funzionamento

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 20

Safety instructions Drošības instrukcijas

illegale della radio.

n Utilizzare la protezione ESD standard del settore durante la manipolazione del modulo XBee.
n Prestare attenzione durante la manipolazione per evitare danni elettrici al PCB e ai
componenti.
n Non esporre i moduli radio XBee all'acqua o all'umidità.
n Utilizzare questo prodotto con le antenne specificate nelle guide per l'utente del modulo XBee.
n L'utente finale deve sapere come togliere l'alimentazione al modulo radio XBee o come
posizionare le antenne a 20 cm da persone o animali.

Drošības instrukcijas

XBee moduļi
n Radio moduļa XBee darbība nevar tikt garantēta radio savienojuma dēļ, tāpēc to nevajadzētu
izmantot bloķēšanai drošības ziņā kritiskās ierīcēs, piemēram, mašīnās vai automobiļos.
n XBee radio modulis nav apstiprināts lietošanai (šis saraksts nav pilnīgs):
l medicīniskās ierīces
l kodolprogrammas
l sprādzienbīstamā vai uzliesmojošā vidē
n XBee radio moduļa iekšpusē nav neviena komponenta, ko lietotājs varētu apkopt. Nenoņemiet
vairogu un nekādā veidā nepārveidojiet XBee. Modifikācijas rezultātā modulis var tikt izslēgts
no jebkādas garantijas un var izraisīt XBee radio darbību, kas neatbilst noteiktās valsts
normatīvajiem aktiem, izraisot iespējamu nelegālu radio darbību.
n Strādājot ar XBee moduli, izmantojiet nozares standarta ESD aizsardzību.
n Rīkojoties, rīkojieties uzmanīgi, lai izvairītos no PCB un komponentu elektriskiem bojājumiem.
n Nepakļaujiet XBee radio moduļus ūdens vai mitruma iedarbībai.
n Izmantojiet šo izstrādājumu ar antenām, kas norādītas XBee moduļa lietotāja rokasgrāmatās.
n Galalietotājam ir jāpaskaidro, kā atvienot XBee radio moduļa strāvu vai novietot antenas 20 cm
attālumā no cilvēkiem vai dzīvniekiem.

Saugos instrukcijos

XBee moduliai
n Negalima garantuoti, kad „XBee“ radijo modulis veiks dėl radijo ryšio, todėl jo neturėtų būti
naudojamas blokuoti saugai svarbiuose įrenginiuose, pvz., mašinose ar automobiliuose.
n XBee radijo modulis nebuvo patvirtintas naudoti (šis sąrašas nėra baigtinis):
l medicinos prietaisai
l branduolinės programos
l sprogioje ar degioje aplinkoje

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 21

Safety instructions Sikkerhetsinstruksjoner

n XBee radijo modulio viduje nėra komponentų, kuriuos vartotojas galėtų prižiūrėti. Jokiu būdu
nenuimkite skydo ir nekeiskite XBee. Dėl modifikacijų moduliui gali būti netaikoma jokia
garantija, o „XBee“ radijas gali veikti ne pagal tam tikros šalies norminius reikalavimus, o tai
gali sukelti neteisėtą radijo naudojimą.
n Dirbdami su XBee moduliu naudokite pramonės standartinę ESD apsaugą.
n Dirbdami būkite atsargūs, kad nepažeistumėte PCB ir komponentų.
n Saugokite XBee radijo modulius nuo vandens ar drėgmės.
n Naudokite šį gaminį su antenomis, nurodytomis XBee modulio vartotojo vadove.
n Galutiniam vartotojui turi būti paaiškinta, kaip atjungti XBee radijo modulio maitinimą arba
nustatyti antenas 20 cm atstumu nuo žmonių ar gyvūnų.

Sikkerhetsinstruksjoner

XBee-moduler
n XBee-radiomodulen kan ikke garanteres drift på grunn av radiolinken, og bør derfor ikke
brukes til forriglinger i sikkerhetskritiske enheter som maskiner eller bilapplikasjoner.
n XBee-radiomodulen er ikke godkjent for bruk i (denne listen er ikke uttømmende):
l medisinsk utstyr
l kjernefysiske applikasjoner
l eksplosive eller brennbare atmosfærer
n Det er ingen komponenter som kan repareres av brukeren inne i XBee-radiomodulen. Ikke fjern
skjoldet eller modifiser XBee på noen måte. Endringer kan ekskludere modulen fra enhver
garanti og kan føre til at XBee-radioen fungerer utenfor regelverket for et gitt land, noe som
kan føre til ulovlig drift av radioen.
n Bruk industristandard ESD-beskyttelse når du håndterer XBee-modulen.
n Vær forsiktig ved håndtering for å unngå elektrisk skade på PCB og komponenter.
n Ikke utsett XBee radiomoduler for vann eller fuktighet.
n Bruk dette produktet med antennene spesifisert i XBee-modulens brukerveiledninger.
n Sluttbrukeren må bli fortalt hvordan man fjerner strømmen fra XBee-radiomodulen eller
plasserer antennene 20 cm fra mennesker eller dyr.

Instrukcje bezpieczeństwa

Moduły XBee
n Moduł radiowy XBee nie może zagwarantować działania ze względu na łącze radiowe, dlatego
nie należy go używać do blokad w urządzeniach o krytycznym znaczeniu dla bezpieczeństwa,
takich jak maszyny lub aplikacje motoryzacyjne.
n Moduł radiowy XBee nie został dopuszczony do użytku w (lista ta nie jest wyczerpująca):

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 22

Safety instructions Instruções de segurança

l wyroby medyczne
l zastosowania nuklearne
l atmosferach wybuchowych lub łatwopalnych
n Wewnątrz modułu radiowego XBee nie ma żadnych elementów, które mogłyby być
serwisowane przez użytkownika. Nie zdejmuj osłony ani nie modyfikuj XBee w żaden sposób.
Modyfikacje mogą wykluczyć moduł z jakiejkolwiek gwarancji i spowodować, że radio XBee
będzie działać niezgodnie z przepisami obowiązującymi w danym kraju, co może prowadzić do
nielegalnego działania radia.
n Podczas obsługi modułu XBee należy stosować standardową ochronę ESD.
n Podczas obsługi należy zachować ostrożność, aby uniknąć uszkodzeń elektrycznych PCB i
komponentów.
n Nie wystawiaj modułów radiowych XBee na działanie wody lub wilgoci.
n Używaj tego produktu z antenami określonymi w podręcznikach użytkownika modułu XBee.
n Użytkownik końcowy musi zostać poinformowany, jak odłączyć zasilanie modułu radiowego
XBee lub zlokalizować anteny w odległości 20 cm od ludzi lub zwierząt.

Instruções de segurança

Módulos XBee
n • O módulo de rádio XBee não pode ter operação garantida devido ao link de rádio e, portanto,
não deve ser usado para intertravamentos em dispositivos críticos de segurança, como
máquinas ou aplicações automotivas.
n • O módulo de rádio XBee não foi aprovado para uso em (esta lista não é exaustiva):
l o dispositivos médicos
l o aplicações nucleares
l o atmosferas explosivas ou inflamáveis
n • Não há componentes que possam ser reparados pelo usuário dentro do módulo de rádio
XBee. Não remova a blindagem nem modifique o XBee de forma alguma. As modificações
podem excluir o módulo de qualquer garantia e fazer com que o rádio XBee opere fora da
conformidade regulatória de um determinado país, levando à possível operação ilegal do
rádio.
n • Use proteção ESD padrão da indústria ao manusear o módulo XBee.
n • Tome cuidado ao manusear para evitar danos elétricos à PCB e aos componentes.
n • Não exponha os módulos de rádio XBee à água ou umidade.
n • Use este produto com as antenas especificadas nos guias do usuário do módulo XBee.
n • O usuário final deve ser informado sobre como remover a energia do módulo de rádio XBee
ou localizar as antenas a 20 cm de humanos ou animais.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 23

Safety instructions Instructiuni de siguranta

Instructiuni de siguranta

module XBee
n Nu se poate garanta funcționarea modulului radio XBee din cauza conexiunii radio și, prin
urmare, nu trebuie utilizat pentru interblocări în dispozitive critice pentru siguranță, cum ar fi
mașini sau aplicații auto.
n Modulul radio XBee nu a fost aprobat pentru utilizare în (această listă nu este exhaustivă):
l dispozitive medicale
l aplicații nucleare
l atmosfere explozive sau inflamabile
n Nu există componente care să poată fi reparate de utilizator în interiorul modulului radio XBee.
Nu îndepărtați scutul și nu modificați XBee în niciun fel. Modificările pot exclude modulul din
orice garanție și pot face ca radioul XBee să funcționeze în afara conformității cu
reglementările pentru o anumită țară, ceea ce duce la o posibilă funcționare ilegală a radioului.
n Folosiți protecția ESD standard în industrie când manipulați modulul XBee.
n Aveți grijă în timpul manipulării pentru a evita deteriorarea electrică a PCB-ului și a
componentelor.
n Nu expuneți modulele radio XBee la apă sau umezeală.
n Utilizați acest produs cu antenele specificate în ghidurile utilizatorului modulului XBee.
n Utilizatorului final trebuie să i se spună cum să scoată alimentarea de la modulul radio XBee
sau să găsească antenele la 20 cm de oameni sau animale.

Bezpečnostné inštrukcie

moduly XBee
n Rádiový modul XBee nemôže byť zaručený kvôli rádiovému spojeniu, a preto by sa nemal
používať na blokovanie v zariadeniach kritických z hľadiska bezpečnosti, ako sú stroje alebo
automobilové aplikácie.
n Rádiový modul XBee nebol schválený na použitie v (tento zoznam nie je úplný):
l zdravotnícke pomôcky
l jadrové aplikácie
l výbušné alebo horľavé atmosféry
n Vo vnútri rádiového modulu XBee sa nenachádzajú žiadne používateľsky opraviteľné
komponenty. Neodstraňujte štít ani žiadnym spôsobom neupravujte XBee. Úpravy môžu vyňať
modul zo záruky a môžu spôsobiť, že rádio XBee bude fungovať mimo zhody s predpismi pre
danú krajinu, čo vedie k možnej nezákonnej prevádzke rádia.
n Pri manipulácii s modulom XBee používajte štandardnú ochranu pred ESD.
n Pri manipulácii buďte opatrní, aby ste predišli elektrickému poškodeniu dosky plošných spojov
a komponentov.
n Rádiové moduly XBee nevystavujte vode ani vlhkosti.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 24

Safety instructions Varnostna navodila

n Tento produkt používajte s anténami špecifikovanými v používateľských príručkách modulu

XBee.
n Koncový používateľ musí byť informovaný o tom, ako odpojiť napájanie rádiového modulu
XBee alebo ako umiestniť antény 20 cm od ľudí alebo zvierat.

Varnostna navodila

XBee moduli
n Radijskega modula XBee ni mogoče zagotoviti delovanja zaradi radijske povezave in ga zato ne
smete uporabljati za zaklepanje v varnostno kritičnih napravah, kot so stroji ali avtomobilske
aplikacije.
n Radijski modul XBee ni bil odobren za uporabo v (ta seznam ni izčrpen):
l medicinskih pripomočkov
l jedrske aplikacije
l eksplozivne ali vnetljive atmosfere
n V radijskem modulu XBee ni komponent, ki bi jih lahko popravil uporabnik. Ne odstranjujte
ščita in na noben način ne spreminjajte XBee. Spremembe lahko modul izključijo iz kakršne
koli garancije in lahko povzročijo, da radio XBee deluje zunaj zakonske skladnosti za dano
državo, kar vodi do možnega nezakonitega delovanja radia.
n Pri ravnanju z modulom XBee uporabite standardno industrijsko zaščito pred ESD.
n Pri rokovanju pazite, da se izognete električnim poškodbam tiskanega vezja in komponent.
n Radijskih modulov XBee ne izpostavljajte vodi ali vlagi.
n Ta izdelek uporabljajte z antenami, navedenimi v uporabniških priročnikih modula XBee.
n Končnemu uporabniku je treba povedati, kako odstraniti napajanje z radijskega modula XBee
ali naj locira antene 20 cm od ljudi ali živali.

Módulos XBee
n No se puede garantizar el funcionamiento del módulo de radio XBee debido al enlace de radio
y, por lo tanto, no debe usarse para enclavamientos en dispositivos críticos para la seguridad,
como máquinas o aplicaciones automotrices.
n El módulo de radio XBee no ha sido aprobado para su uso en (esta lista no es exhaustiva):
l dispositivos médicos
l aplicaciones nucleares
l atmósferas explosivas o inflamables
n No hay componentes reparables por el usuario dentro del módulo de radio XBee. No quite el
escudo ni modifique el XBee de ninguna manera. Las modificaciones pueden excluir el módulo
de cualquier garantía y pueden hacer que la radio XBee funcione fuera del cumplimiento
normativo de un país determinado, lo que puede provocar una operación ilegal de la radio.
n Utilice la protección ESD estándar de la industria al manipular el módulo XBee.
n Tenga cuidado al manipularlo para evitar daños eléctricos en la PCB y los componentes.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 25

Safety instructions Säkerhets instruktioner

n No exponga los módulos de radio XBee al agua ni a la humedad.

n Utilice este producto con las antenas especificadas en las guías de usuario del módulo XBee.
n Se debe indicar al usuario final cómo desconectar la alimentación del módulo de radio XBee o
ubicar las antenas a 20 cm de personas o animales.

Säkerhets instruktioner

XBee-moduler
n XBee-radiomodulen kan inte garanteras funktion på grund av radiolänken och bör därför inte
användas för förreglingar i säkerhetskritiska enheter som maskiner eller biltillämpningar.
n XBee-radiomodulen har inte godkänts för användning i (denna lista är inte uttömmande):
l medicinsk utrustning
l kärnkraftstillämpningar
l explosiv eller brandfarlig atmosfär
n Det finns inga komponenter som användaren kan reparera inuti XBee-radiomodulen. Ta inte
bort skölden eller modifiera XBee på något sätt. Ändringar kan utesluta modulen från alla
garantier och kan göra att XBee-radion fungerar utanför bestämmelserna för ett visst land,
vilket kan leda till att radion kan användas olagligt.
n Använd industristandard ESD-skydd när du hanterar XBee-modulen.
n Var försiktig vid hanteringen för att undvika elektriska skador på kretskortet och
komponenterna.
n Utsätt inte XBee radiomoduler för vatten eller fukt.
n Använd den här produkten med antennerna som specificeras i XBee-modulens
användarguider.
n Slutanvändaren måste informeras om hur man kopplar bort strömmen från XBee-
radiomodulen eller för att placera antennerna 20 cm från människor eller djur.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 26

 Technical specifications

Performance specifications 28
Power requirements 28
General specifications 29
Regulatory conformity summary 29
Serial communication specifications 30
GPIO specifications 31

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 27

Technical specifications Performance specifications

Performance specifications
The following table describes the performance specifications for the devices.

Note Range figure estimates are based on free-air terrain with limited sources of interference. Actual
range will vary based on transmitting power, orientation of transmitter and receiver, height of
transmitting antenna, height of receiving antenna, weather conditions, interference sources in the
area, and terrain between receiver and transmitter, including indoor and outdoor structures such as
walls, trees, buildings, hills, and mountains.

Specification XBee value XBee-PRO value

Indoor / urban range Up to 200 ft (60 m) Up to 300 ft. (90 m)
Outdoor RF line-of-sight range Up to 4000 ft (1200 m) Up to 2 miles (3200
m)
Transmit power output (software 6.3 mW (8 dBm), Boost mode1 63 mW (18 dBm)2
selectable) 3.1 mW (5 dBm), Normal mode
Channel 26 max power is 0.3 mW (-5
dBm)

RF data rate 250,000 b/s 250,000 b/s

Maximum data throughput Up to 96,000 b/s Up to 96,000 b/s
UART interface data rate 1200 b/s to 250,000 b/s 1200 b/s to 250,000
b/s
SPI data rate Up to 5 Mb/s (burst) Up to 5 Mb/s (burst)
Receiver sensitivity -102 dBm, Boost mode -101 dBm
-100 dBm, Normal mode

Power requirements
The following table describes the power requirements for the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.

Specification XBee XBee-PRO

Supply voltage 2.1 - 3.6 V 2.7 - 3.6 V
Transmit current (typical, VCC = 3.3 V) 45 mA (8 dBm, Boost mode) 120 mA (18 dBm)
33 mA (5 dBm, Normal mode)

Idle / receive current (typical, VCC = 3.3 V) 31 mA (Boost mode) 31 mA

28 mA (Normal mode)

Power-down current <1 uA @ 25C <1 uA @ 25C

1Boost mode enabled by default; see PM (Power Mode).

2See Regulatory information for region-specific certification requirements.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 28

Technical specifications General specifications

General specifications
The following table describes the general specifications for the devices.

Specification XBee-PRO
Operating frequency ISM 2.4 GHz
Supported channels 12 - 23
Form factor TH: 2.438 x 3.294 cm (0.960 x 1.297 in)
SMT: 2.199 x 3.4 x 0.305 cm (0.866 x 1.33 x 0.120 in)

Operating temperature -40 to 85 ºC (industrial)

Antenna options SMT: RF pad, PCB antenna, or U.FL connector

Specification XBee XBee-PRO

Operating ISM 2.4 GHz
frequency
Supported 11 - 26 12 - 23
channels
Form factor TH: 2.438 x 2.761 cm (0.960 x 1.087 in) TH: 2.438 x 3.294 cm (0.960 x 1.297 in)
SMT: 2.199 x 3.4 x 0.305 cm (0.866 x SMT: 2.199 x 3.4 x 0.305 cm (0.866 x
1.33 x 0.120 in) 1.33 x 0.120 in)

Operating -40 to 85 ºC (industrial)

temperature
Antenna options TH: PCB antenna, U.FL connector, RPSMA connector, or integrated wire
SMT: RF pad, PCB antenna, or U.FL connector

Regulatory conformity summary

This table describes the agency approvals for the devices.

XBee-PRO XBee XBee-PRO

XBee (surface- (through- (through-
Country (surface-mount) mount) hole) hole)
United States (FCC Part 15.247) FCC ID: FCC ID: FCC ID: FCC ID:
MCQ-XBS2C MCQ- MCQ-S2CTH MCQ-PS2CTH
PS2CSM

Innovation, Science and Economic IC: IC: IC: IC:

Development Canada (ISED) 1846A-XBS2C 1846A- 1846A-S2CTH 1846A-
PS2CSM PS2CTH

FCC/IC test transmit power output -26 to +8 dBm -0.7 to -26 to +8 dBm +1 to +19
range +19.4 dBm dBm

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 29

Technical specifications Serial communication specifications

XBee-PRO XBee XBee-PRO

XBee (surface- (through- (through-
Country (surface-mount) mount) hole) hole)
Europe (CE) Yes - Yes -
Australia RCM RCM RCM RCM
Japan R201WW10215369 R210- 105563
South Korea MSIP-CRM-DIG- MSIP-CRM-
XBee-S2C DIG-XBee-
S2C-TH
RoHS Compliant

Serial communication specifications

The XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module supports both Universal Asynchronous Receiver /
Transmitter (UART) and Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) serial connections.

UART pin assignments

The SC1 (Serial Communication Port 1) of the Ember 357 is connected to the UART port. The following
table provides the UART pin assignments.

Specifications Module pin number

UART pins XBee (surface-mount) XBee (through-hole)
DOUT 3 2
DIN / CONFIG 4 3
CTS / DIO7 25 12
RTS / DIO6 29 16

SPI pin assignments

The SC2 (Serial Communication Port 2) of the Ember 357 is connected to the SPI port.

Specifications Module pin number

SPI pins XBee (surface-mount) XBee (through-hole)
SPI_SCLK 14 18
SPI_SSEL 15 17
SPI_MOSI 16 11
SPI_MISO 17 4
SPI_ATTN 12 19

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 30

Technical specifications GPIO specifications

GPIO specifications
XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Modules have 15 General Purpose Input / Output (GPIO) ports
available. The exact list depends on the device configuration, as some GPIO pads are used for
purposes such as serial communication.

GPIO Electrical Specification Value

Low Schmitt switching threshold 0.42 - 0.5 x VCC
High Schmitt switching threshold 0.62 - 0.8 x VCC
Input current for logic 0 -0.5 µA
Input current for logic 1 0.5 µA
Input pull-up resistor value 29 kΩ
Input pull-down resistor value 29 kΩ
Output voltage for logic 0 0.18 x VCC
(maximum)
Output voltage for logic 1 0.82 x VCC
(minimum)
Output source/sink current for pad numbers 3, 4, 5, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 17, 25, 26, 28, 4 mA
29, 30, and 32 on the SMT modules
Output source/sink current for pin numbers 2, 3, 4, 9, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, and 19 on 4 mA
the TH modules
Output source/sink current for pad numbers 7, 8, 24, 31, and 33 on the SMT 8 mA
modules
Output source/sink current for pin numbers 6, 7, 11, 18, and 20 on the TH modules 8 mA
Total output current (for GPIO pads) 40 mA

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 31

 Hardware

Antenna options 33
Mechanical drawings 33
Mounting considerations 34
Pin signals 35
Design notes 38

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 32

Hardware Antenna options

Antenna options
The ranges specified are typical for the integrated whip—1.5 dBi—and dipole—2.1 dBi—antennas. The
printed circuit board (PCB) antenna option provides advantages in its form factor; however, it typically
yields shorter range than the whip and dipole antenna options when transmitting outdoors. For more
information, see XBee and XBee-PRO OEM RF Module Antenna Considerations Application Note.

Mechanical drawings
The following mechanical drawings of the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module show all
dimensions in inches. The first drawing shows the surface-mount device (antenna options not shown).

The following drawings show the standard (non-PRO) through-hole device.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 33

Hardware Mounting considerations

The following drawings show the XBee-PRO through-hole device.

Mounting considerations
We design the through-hole module to mount into a receptacle so that you do not have to solder the
module when you mount it to a board. The development kits may contain RS-232 and USB interface
boards that use two 20-pin receptacles to receive modules.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 34

Hardware Pin signals

The following illustration shows the module mounting into the receptacle on the RS-232 interface
board.

Century Interconnect and Samtec manufacture the 2 x 10 pin 2 mm spacing receptacles on Digi
development boards. Several other manufacturers provide comparable mounting solutions; we
currently use the following receptacles:
n Through-hole single-row receptacles: Samtec part number: MMS-110-01-L-SV (or equivalent)
n Surface-mount double-row receptacles: Century Interconnect part number: CPRMSL20-D-0-1
(or equivalent)
n Surface-mount single-row receptacles: Samtec part number: SMM-110-02-SM-S

Note We recommend that you print an outline of the module on the board to indicate the
correct orientation for mounting the module.

Pin signals
The following image shows the pin numbers; it shows the device's top sides, the shields are on the
bottom.

The following table shows the pin assignments for the through-hole device. In the table, low-asserted
signals have a horizontal line above signal name.

Pin Name Direction Description

1 VCC - Power supply

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 35

Hardware Pin signals

Pin Name Direction Description

2 DOUT Output UART data out
3 DIN/CONFIG Input UART data In
4 SPI_MISO Output Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) Data Out
5 RESET Input Module reset (reset pulse must be at least 200 ns). This
must be driven as an open drain/collector. The device
drives this line low when a reset occurs. Never drive this
line high.
6 PWM0/RSSI PWM Output PWM output 0 / RX signal strength indicator
7 PWM1 Output PWM output 1
8 [Reserved] - Do not connect
9 DI8/SLEEP_ Input Pin sleep control line or digital input 8
RQ/DTR
10 GND - Ground
11 DIO4/SPI_MOSI Both Digital I/O 4 / SPI Data In
12 DIO7/CTS Both Digital I/O 7 / Clear-to-send flow control
13 ON/SLEEP Output Device sleep status indicator
14 VREF - Feature not supported on this device. Used on other XBee
devices for analog voltage reference.
15 DIO5/ASSOC Both Digital I/O 5 / Associated indicator
16 DIO6/RTS Both Digital I/O 6 / Request-to-send flow control
17 DIO3/AD3/SPI_ Both Digital I/O 3 / Analog input 3 / SPI select
SSEL
18 DIO2/AD2/SPI_ Both Digital I/O 2 / Analog input 2 / SPI clock
CLK
19 DIO1/AD1/SPI_ Both Digital I/O 1 / Analog input 1 / SPI Attention
ATTN
20 DIO0/AD0 Both Digital I/O 0 / Analog input 0

The following table shows the pin assignments for the surface-mount device.

Pin Name Direction Function

1 GND - Ground
2 VCC - Power supply
3 DOUT Output UART data out
4 DIN/CONFIG Input UART data in

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 36

Hardware Pin signals

Pin Name Direction Function

5 [Reserved] Output Do not connect
6 RESET Input Module reset (reset pulse must be at least 200 ns).
This must be driven as an open drain/collector. The
device drives this line low when a reset occurs.
Never drive this line high.
7 PWM0/RSSI PWM Output PWM output 0 / RX signal strength indicator
8 PWM1 Output PWM output 1
9 [Reserved] - Do not connect
10 DI8/SLEEP_RQ/DTR Input Pin sleep control line or digital input 8
11 GND - Ground
12 SPI_ Output SPI Attention. Do not tie low on reset.
ATTN/BOOTMODE
13 GND - Ground
14 SPI_CLK Input SPI clock
15 SPI_SSEL Input SPI select
16 SPI_MOSI Input SPI Data In
17 SPI_MISO Output SPI Data Out
18 [Reserved] - Do not connect
19 [Reserved] - Do not connect
20 [Reserved] - Do not connect
21 [Reserved] - Do not connect
22 GND - Ground
23 [Reserved] - Do not connect
24 DIO4 Both Digital I/O 4
25 DIO7/CTS Both Digital I/O 7 / Clear-to-send flow control
26 ON/SLEEP Output Device sleep status indicator
27 VREF - Feature not supported on this device. Used on other
XBee devices for analog voltage reference.
28 DIO5/ASSOC Both Digital I/O 5 / Associated indicator
29 DIO6/RTS Both Digital I/O 6 / Request-to-send flow control
30 DIO3/AD3 Both Digital I/O 3 / Analog input 3

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 37

Hardware Design notes

Pin Name Direction Function

31 DIO2/AD2 Both Digital I/O 2 / Analog input 2
32 DIO1/AD1 Both Digital I/O 1 / Analog input 1
33 DIO0/AD0 Both Digital I/O 0 / Analog input 0
34 [Reserved] - Do not connect
35 GND - Ground
36 RF Both RF connection
37 [Reserved] - Do not connect

Notes
Minimum connections: VCC, GND, DOUT and DIN.
Minimum connections for updating firmware: VCC, GND, DIN, DOUT, RTS and DTR.
The table specifies signal direction with respect to the device.
The device includes a 50 kΩ pull-up resistor attached to RESET.
Use the PR (Pull-up/Down Resistor Enable) command to configure several of the input pull-ups.
You can connect other pins to external circuitry for convenience of operation including the Associate
LED pin (pin 15). The Associate LED flashes differently depending on the state of the device.
Leave any unused pins disconnected.

Design notes
The following guidelines help to ensure a robust design.
The XBee modules do not specifically require any external circuitry specific connections for proper
operation. However, there are some general design guidelines that we recommend for help in
troubleshooting and building a robust design.

Power supply design

A poor power supply can lead to poor device performance, especially if you do not keep the supply
voltage within tolerance or if it is excessively noisy. To help reduce noise, place a 1.0 μF and 8.2 pF
capacitor as near as possible to pin 1 on the PCB. If you are using a switching regulator for the power
supply, switch the frequencies above 500 kHz. Limit the power supply ripple to a maximum 100 mV
peak to peak.

Board layout
We design XBee devices to be self sufficient and have minimal sensitivity to nearby processors,
crystals or other printed circuit board (PCB) components. Keep power and ground traces thicker than
signal traces and make sure that they are able to comfortably support the maximum current
specifications. There are no other special PCB design considerations to integrate XBee devices, with
the exception of antennas.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 38

Hardware Design notes

Antenna performance
Antenna location is important for optimal performance. The following suggestions help you achieve
optimal antenna performance. Point the antenna up vertically (upright). Antennas radiate and receive
the best signal perpendicular to the direction they point, so a vertical antenna's omnidirectional
radiation pattern is strongest across the horizon.
Position the antennas away from metal objects whenever possible. Metal objects between the
transmitter and receiver can block the radiation path or reduce the transmission distance. Objects
that are often overlooked include:
n metal poles
n metal studs
n structure beams
n concrete, which is usually reinforced with metal rods
If you place the device inside a metal enclosure, use an external antenna. Common objects that have
metal enclosures include:
n vehicles
n elevators
n ventilation ducts
n refrigerators
n microwave ovens
n batteries
n tall electrolytic capacitors
Do not place XBee devices with the chip or integrated PCB antenna inside a metal enclosure.
Do not place any ground planes or metal objects above or below the antenna.
For the best results, mount the device at the edge of the host PCB. Ensure that the ground, power,
and signal planes are vacant immediately below the antenna section.

Keepout area
We recommend that you allow a “keepout” area, which the following drawings show.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 39

Hardware Design notes

Through-hole keepout

Notes

1. We recommend non-metal enclosures. For metal enclosures, use an external antenna.

2. Keep metal chassis or mounting structures in the keepout area at least 2.54 cm (1 in) from the
antenna.
3. Maximize the distance between the antenna and metal objects that might be mounted in the
keepout area.
4. These keepout area guidelines do not apply for wire whip antennas or external RF connectors.
Wire whip antennas radiate best over the center of a ground plane.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 40

Hardware Design notes

Surface-mount keepout

RF pad version
The RF pad is a soldered antenna connection on the surface-mount device. The RF signal travels from
pin 36 on the module to the antenna through a single ended RF transmission line on the PCB. This line
should have a controlled impedance of 50 Ω.
For the transmission line, we recommend either a microstrip or coplanar waveguide trace on the PCB.
We provide a microstrip example below, because it is simpler to design and generally requires less
area on the host PCB than coplanar waveguide.
We do not recommend using a stripline RF trace because that requires routing the RF trace to an inner
PCB layer, and via transitions can introduce matching and performance problems.
The following figure shows a layout example of a microstrip connecting an RF pad module to a
through-hole RPSMA RF connector.
n The top two layers of the PCB have a controlled thickness dielectric material in between. The
second layer has a ground plane which runs underneath the entire RF pad area. This ground
plane is a distance d, the thickness of the dielectric, below the top layer.
n The top layer has an RF trace running from pin 36 of the device to the RF pin of the RPSMA
connector. The RF trace's width determines the impedance of the transmission line with

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 41

Hardware Design notes

relation to the ground plane. Many online tools can estimate this value, although you should
consult the PCB manufacturer for the exact width. Assuming d = 0.025 in, and that the
dielectric has a relative permittivity of 4.4, the width in this example will be approximately
0.045 in for a 50 Ω trace. This trace width is a good fit with the module footprint's 0.060 in pad
width.
We do not recommend using a trace wider than the pad width, and using a very narrow trace can
cause unwanted RF loss. You can minimize the length of the trace by placing the RPSMA jack close to
the module. All of the grounds on the jack and the module are connected to the ground planes
directly or through closely placed vias. Space any ground fill on the top layer at least twice the
distance d (in this case, at least 0.050 in) from the microstrip to minimize their interaction.

Number Description
1 XBee surface-mount pin 36

2 50 Ω microstrip trace
3 Back off ground fill at least twice the distance between layers 1 and 2
4 RF connector
5 Stitch vias near the edges of the ground plane
6 Pour a solid ground plane under the RF trace on the reference layer

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 42

Hardware Design notes

Implementing these design suggestions helps ensure that the RF pad device performs to
specifications.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 43

 Configure the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF
Module

Software libraries 45
Configure the device using XCTU 45
Over-the-air (OTA) firmware update 45
XBee Network Assistant 45
XBee Multi Programmer 46

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 44

Configure the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module Software libraries

Software libraries
One way to communicate with the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module is by using a software
library. The libraries available for use with the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module include:
n XBee Java library
n XBee Python library
The XBee Java Library is a Java API. The package includes the XBee library, its source code and a
collection of samples that help you develop Java applications to communicate with your XBee
devices.
The XBee Python Library is a Python API that dramatically reduces the time to market of XBee projects
developed in Python and facilitates the development of these types of applications, making it an easy
process.

Configure the device using XCTU

XBee Configuration and Test Utility (XCTU) is a multi-platform program that enables users to interact
with Digi radio frequency (RF) devices through a graphical interface. The application includes built-in
tools that make it easy to set up, configure, and test Digi RF devices.
For instructions on downloading and using XCTU, see the XCTU User Guide.
Click Discover devices and follow the instructions. XCTU should discover the connected XBee/XBee-
PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Modules using the provided settings.
Click Add selected devices. The devices appear in the Radio Modules list. You can click a module to
view and configure its individual settings. For more information on these items, see AT commands.

Over-the-air (OTA) firmware update

The XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module supports OTA firmware updates using XCTU version 6.3.0
or higher. For instructions on performing an OTA firmware update with XCTU, see How to update the
firmware of your modules in the XCTU User Guide.
OTA capability is only available when MM (Mac Mode) = 0 or 3

XBee Network Assistant

The XBee Network Assistant is an application designed to inspect and manage RF networks created by
Digi XBee devices. Features include:
n Join and inspect any nearby XBee network to get detailed information about all the nodes it
contains.
n Update the configuration of all the nodes of the network, specific groups, or single devices
based on configuration profiles.
n Geo-locate your network devices or place them in custom maps and get information about the
connections between them.
n Export the network you are inspecting and import it later to continue working or work offline.
n Use automatic application updates to keep you up to date with the latest version of the tool.
See the XBee Network Assistant User Guide for more information.
To install the XBee Network Assistant:

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 45

Configure the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module XBee Multi Programmer

1. Navigate to digi.com/xbeenetworkassistant.
2. Click General Diagnostics, Utilities and MIBs.
3. Click the XBee Network Assistant - Windows x86 link.
4. When the file finishes downloading, run the executable file and follow the steps in the XBee
Network Assistant Setup Wizard.

XBee Multi Programmer

The XBee Multi Programmer is a combination of hardware and software that enables partners and
distributors to program multiple Digi Radio frequency (RF) devices simultaneously. It provides a fast
and easy way to prepare devices for distribution or large networks deployment.
The XBee Multi Programmer board is an enclosed hardware component that allows you to program up
to six RF modules thanks to its six external XBee sockets. The XBee Multi Programmer application
communicates with the boards and allows you to set up and execute programming sessions. Some of
the features include:
n Each XBee Multi Programmer board allows you to program up to six devices simultaneously.
Connect more boards to increase the programming concurrency.
n Different board variants cover all the XBee form factors to program almost any Digi RF device.
Download the XBee Multi Programmer application from: Digi XBee Multi Programmer
See the XBee Multi Programmer User Guide for more information.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 46

 Modes

Serial modes 48
Transceiver modes 51

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 47

Modes Serial modes

Serial modes
The firmware operates in several different modes. Two top-level modes establish how the device
communicates with other devices through its serial interface: Transparent operating mode and API
operating mode. Use the AP command to choose Serial mode. XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF
Modules use Transparent operation as the default serial mode.
The following modes describe how the serial port sends and receives data.

Transparent operating mode

Devices operate in this mode by default. The device acts as a serial line replacement when it is in
Transparent operating mode. The device queues all UART data it receives through the DIN pin for RF
transmission. When a device receives RF data, it sends the data out through the DOUT pin. You can set
the configuration parameters using Command mode.

Note Transparent operating mode is not available when using the SPI interface; see SPI operation.

Serial-to-RF packetization
The device buffers data in the serial receive buffer until one of the following causes the data to be
packetized and transmitted:
n The device receives no serial characters for the amount of time determined by RO
(Packetization Timeout). If RO = 0, packetization begins when a character is received.
n The device receives the Command Mode Sequence (GT + CC + GT). Any character buffered in
the serial receive buffer before the sequence is transmitted.
n The device receives the maximum number of characters that fits in an RF packet (100 bytes).

Serial-to-RF packetization
Data is buffered in the DI buffer until one of the following causes the data to be packetized and
transmitted:

1. No serial characters are received for the amount of time determined by the RO (Packetization
Timeout) parameter. If RO = 0, packetization begins when a character is received.
2. The maximum number of characters that will fit in an RF packet (100) is received. The
maximum payload depends on whether you use Compatibility mode or not. If you use it, the
maximum payload is 100 characters, but if you do not use it, depending on encryption, the App
header and addressing, the payload can be larger.
3. The Command Mode Sequence (GT + CC + GT) is received. Any character buffered in the DI
buffer before the sequence is transmitted.
If the device cannot immediately transmit (for instance, if it is already receiving RF data), the serial
data is stored in the DI Buffer. The data is packetized and sent at any RO timeout or when 100 bytes
(maximum packet size without Compatibility mode) are received.
If the DI buffer becomes full, hardware flow control must be implemented in order to prevent overflow
(loss of data between the host and device).

API operating mode

Application programming interface (API) operating mode is an alternative to Transparent mode. It is
helpful in managing larger networks and is more appropriate for performing tasks such as collecting

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 48

Modes Serial modes

data from multiple locations or controlling multiple devices remotely. API mode is a frame-based
protocol that allows you to direct data on a packet basis. It can be particularly useful in large
networks where you need control over the operation of the radio network or when you need to know
which node a data packet is from. The device communicates UART or SPI data in packets, also known
as API frames. This mode allows for structured communications with serial devices.
For more information, see API mode overview.

Command mode
Command mode is a state in which the firmware interprets incoming characters as commands. It
allows you to modify the device’s configuration using parameters you can set using AT
commands. When you want to read or set any parameter of the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF
Module using this mode, you have to send an AT command. Every AT command starts with the
letters AT followed by the two characters that identify the command and then by some optional
configuration values.
The operating modes of the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module are controlled by the AP (API
Enable) setting, but Command mode is always available as a mode the device can enter while
configured for any of the operating modes.
Command mode is available on the UART interface for all operating modes. You cannot use the SPI
interface to enter Command mode.

Enter Command mode

To get a device to switch into Command mode, you must issue the following sequence: +++ within
one second. There must be at least one second preceding and following the +++ sequence. Both the
command character (CC) and the silence before and after the sequence (GT) are configurable. When
the entrance criteria are met the device responds with OK\r on UART signifying that it has entered
Command mode successfully and is ready to start processing AT commands.
If configured to operate in Transparent operating mode, when entering Command mode the
XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module knows to stop sending data and start accepting commands
locally.

Note Do not press Return or Enter after typing +++ because it interrupts the guard time silence and
prevents you from entering Command mode.

When the device is in Command mode, it listens for user input and is able to receive AT commands on
the UART. If CT time (default is 10 seconds) passes without any user input, the device drops out of
Command mode and returns to the previous operating mode. You can force the device to leave
Command mode by sending CN (Exit Command mode).
You can customize the command character, the guard times and the timeout in the device’s
configuration settings. For more information, see CC (Command Character), CT (Command mode
Timeout) and GT (Guard Times).

Troubleshooting
Failure to enter Command mode is often due to baud rate mismatch. Ensure that the baud rate of the
connection matches the baud rate of the device. By default, BD (Interface Data Rate) = 3 (9600 b/s).
There are two alternative ways to enter Command mode:
n A serial break for six seconds enters Command mode. You can issue the "break" command
from a serial console, it is often a button or menu item.

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Modes Serial modes

n Asserting DIN (serial break) upon power up or reset enters Command mode. XCTU guides you
through a reset and automatically issues the break when needed.
Both of these methods temporarily set the device's baud rate to 9600 and return an OK on the UART
to indicate that Command mode is active. When Command mode exits, the device returns to normal
operation at the baud rate that BD is set to.

Send AT commands
Once the device enters Command mode, use the syntax in the following figure to send AT commands.
Every AT command starts with the letters AT, which stands for "attention." The AT is followed by two
characters that indicate which command is being issued, then by some optional configuration values.
To read a parameter value stored in the device’s register, omit the parameter field.

The preceding example changes NI (Node Identifier) to My XBee.

Multiple AT commands
You can send multiple AT commands at a time when they are separated by a comma in Command
mode; for example, ATNIMy XBee,AC<cr>.
The preceding example changes the NI (Node Identifier) to My XBee and makes the setting active
through AC (Apply Changes).

Parameter format
Refer to the list of AT commands for the format of individual AT command parameters. Valid formats
for hexidecimal values include with or without a leading 0x for example FFFF or 0xFFFF.

Response to AT commands
When using AT commands to set parameters the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module responds
with OK<cr> if successful and ERROR<cr> if not.

Apply command changes

Any changes you make to the configuration command registers using AT commands do not take effect
until you apply the changes. For example, if you send the BD command to change the baud rate, the
actual baud rate does not change until you apply the changes. To apply changes:

1. Send AC (Apply Changes).

2. Send WR (Write).
or:
3. Exit Command mode.

Make command changes permanent

Send a WR (Write) command to save the changes. WR writes parameter values to non-volatile memory
so that parameter modifications persist through subsequent resets.

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Modes Transceiver modes

Send as RE (Restore Defaults) to wipe settings saved using WR back to their factory defaults.

Note You still have to use WR to save the changes enacted with RE.

Exit Command mode

1. Send CN (Exit Command mode) followed by a carriage return.
or:
2. If the device does not receive any valid AT commands within the time specified by CT
(Command mode Timeout), it returns to Transparent or API mode. The default Command
mode timeout is 10 seconds.
For an example of programming the device using AT Commands and descriptions of each configurable
parameter, see AT commands.

Transceiver modes
The following modes describe how the transceiver sends and receives over-the-air (OTA) data.

Idle mode
When not receiving or transmitting data, the device is in Idle mode. During Idle mode, the device
listens for valid data on both the RF and serial ports.

Transmit mode
Transmit mode is the mode in which the device is transmitting data. This typically happens when data
is received from the serial port.

Receive mode
This is the default mode for the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module. The device is in Receive
mode when it is not transmitting data. If a destination node receives a valid RF packet, the destination
node transfers the data to its serial transmit buffer.

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 Operation

Addressing 53
Encryption 53
Maximum payload 55
Networking 57
Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) 63
Serial interface 64
SPI operation 67
I/O support 69
Sleep support 75
Node discovery 78
Remote configuration commands 80

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Operation Addressing

Addressing
Every RF data packet sent over-the-air contains a Source Address and Destination Address field in its
header. The XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module conforms to the 802.15.4 specification and
supports both short 16-bit addresses and long 64-bit addresses. A unique 64-bit IEEE source address is
assigned at the factory and can be read with the SL (Serial Number Low) and SH (Serial Number High)
commands. You must manually configure short addressing. A device uses its unique 64-bit address as
its Source Address if its MY (16-bit Source Address) value is 0xFFFF or 0xFFFE.

Send packets to a specific device

To send a packet to a specific device using 64-bit addressing:
n Set the Destination Address (DL + DH) of the sender to match the Source Address (SL + SH) of
the intended destination device.
To send a packet to a specific device using 16-bit addressing:

1. Set the DL parameter to equal the MY parameter of the intended destination device.
2. Set the DH parameter to 0.

Addressing modes
802.15.4 frames have a source address, a destination address, and a destination PAN ID in the over-
the-air (OTA) frame. The source and destination addresses may be either long or short and the
destination address may be either a unicast or a broadcast. The destination PAN ID is short and it may
also be the broadcast PAN ID.
In Transparent mode, the destination address is set by the DH and DL parameters, but, in API mode, it
is set by the TX Request: 64-bit address (0x00) or TX Request: 16-bit Address (0x01) frames. In either
Transparent mode or API mode, the destination PAN ID is set with the ID parameter, and the source
address is set with the MY parameter.

Broadcasts and unicasts

Broadcasts are identified by the 16-bit short address of 0xFFFF. Any other destination address is
considered a unicast and is a candidate for acknowledgments, if enabled.

Broadcast PAN ID
The Broadcast PAN ID is also 0xFFFF. Its effect is to traverse all PANs in the vicinity. Typically, this only
makes sense during association time when sending beacon requests to find PAN IDs.

Short and long addresses

A short address is 16 bits and a long address is 64 bits. The short address is set with the MY
parameter. If the short address is 0xFFFE or 0xFFFF, then the address of the device is long and it is the
serial number of the device as read by the SH and SL parameters.

Note When an end device associates to a coordinator, it is assigned the short address of 0xFFFE.

Encryption
The XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module supports AES 128-bit encryption. 128-bit encryption
refers to the length of the encryption key entered with the KY command (128 bits = 16 bytes). The

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Operation Encryption

802.15.4 protocol specifies eight security modes, enumerated as shown in the following table.

Length of message integrity Packet length

Level Name Encrypted? check overhead
0 N/A No 0 (no check) 0
1 MIC-32 No 4 9
2 MIC-64 No 8 13
3 MIC-128 No 16 21
4 ENC Yes 0 (no check) 5
5 ENC-MIC-32 Yes 4 9
6 ENC-MIC-64 Yes 8 13
7 ENC-MIC-128 Yes 16 21

The XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module only supports security levels 0 and 4. It does not support
message integrity checks. EE 0 selects security level 0 and EE 1 selects security level 4. When using
encryption, all devices in the network must use the same 16-byte encryption key for valid data to get
through. Mismatched keys will corrupt the data output on the receiving device. Mismatched EE
parameters will prevent the receiving device from outputting received data.
Working from a maximum packet size of 116 bytes, encryption affects the maximum payload as shown
in the following table.

Effect on
maximum
Factor payload Comment
Compatibility Force to 95 If C8 bit 0 is set, all packets are limited to 95 bytes, regardless of
mode other factors listed below. This is how the Legacy 802.15.4 module
(S1 hardware) functions.
Packet Reduce by 5 This penalty for enabling encryption is unavoidable due to the
overhead 802.15.4 protocol.
Source address Reduce by 6 This penalty is unavoidable because the 802.15.4 requires encrypted
packets to be sent with a long source address, even if a short
address would otherwise be used.
Destination Reduce by 6 This penalty only applies if sending to a long address rather than a
address short address.
App header Reduce by 4 The app header for encryption is 4 bytes long. This penalty only
applies if MM = 0 or 3.

Because of the two mandatory reductions when using encryption, no packet can exceed 116 - (5+6)
=105 bytes. The other options may further reduce the maximum payload to 101 bytes, 99 bytes, or 95
bytes.
When operating in API mode and not using encryption, if the source address is long, the receiving
device outputs an RX Indicator (0x80) frame for received data. But, if the source address is short, the

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Operation Maximum payload

receiving device outputs a Receive Packet (0x81) frame for received data. These same rules apply for
encryption if MM is 0 or 3. This is possible because the four-byte encryption App header includes the
short address of the sender and the long received address is not used for API output. If encryption is
enabled with MM of 1 or 2, then no App header exists, the source address is always long, and the
receiving device in API mode always outputs a 64-bit Receive Packet - 0x80.

Maximum payload
There is a maximum payload that you can send at one time, depending on the device's configuration.
These maximums only apply in API mode. If you attempt to send an API packet with a larger payload
than specified, the device responds with a Transmit Status frame (0x89) with the Status field set to 74
(Data payload too large).
In Transparent mode, the firmware splits the data as necessary to cope with maximum payloads.

Maximum payload rules

Note Refer to NP (Maximum Packet Payload Bytes) which can provide maximum packet size, it always
assumes a long destination address. This means that if you select a short destination address, you will
be able to send up to NP + 6 bytes in a single packet.

1. If you enable transmit compatibility with the Legacy 802.15.4 module (S1 hardware):
l There is a fixed maximum payload of 100 bytes if not using encryption
l There is a fixed maximum payload of 95 bytes if using encryption
l The rest of the rules do not apply. They apply only when you disable transmit
compatibility with the Legacy 802.15.4 module.
2. The maximum achievable payload is 116 bytes. This is achieved when:
n Not using encryption.
n Not using the application header.
n Using the short source address.
n Using the short destination address.
3. If you are using the application header—MM (MAC Mode) set to 0 or 3—the maximum
achievable payload is reduced by:
n 2 bytes if not using encryption.
n 4 bytes if using encryption.
4. If you are using the long source address, the maximum achievable payload is reduced by 6
bytes (size of long address (8) - size of short address (2) = 6).
5. If you are using encryption, the short source addresses are promoted to long source addresses,
so the maximum achievable payload is reduced by 6 bytes.
6. If you are using the long destination address, the maximum achievable payload is reduced by 6
bytes (the difference between the 8 bytes required for a long address and the 2 bytes required
for a short address).
7. if you are using encryption, the maximum achievable payload is reduced by 5 bytes.

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Operation Maximum payload

Maximum payload summary tables

The following table indicates the maximum payload when using transmit compatibility with the
Legacy 802.15.4 module (S1 hardware).

Encryption
Enabled Disabled
95 B 100 B

The following table indicates the maximum payload when using the application header and not using
encryption. Increment the maximum payload in 2 bytes if you are not using the application header.

Destination Address
Source Address Short Long
Short 114 B 108 B
Long 108 B 102 B

The following table indicates the maximum payload when using the application header and using
encryption. Increment the maximum payload in 4 bytes if you are not using the application header.

Destination Address
Source Address Short Long
Short 101 B 95 B
Long 101 B 95 B

Work with Legacy devices

The Legacy 802.15.4 module (S1 hardware) transmits packets one by one. It does not transmit a
packet until it receives all expected acknowledgments of the previous packet or the timeout expires.
The new XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Modules enhance transmission by implementing a
transmission queue that allows the device to transmit to several devices at the same time. Broadcast
transmissions are performed in parallel with the unicast transmissions.
This enhancement in the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module can produce problematic
behavior under certain conditions if the receiver is a Legacy 802.15.4 module (S1 hardware).
The conditions are:
n The sender is a XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module, and the receiver is a Legacy 802.15.4
module.
n The sender has the Digi Header enabled (MM = 0 or 3) and RR (XBee Retries) > 0.
n The sender sends broadcast and unicast messages at the same time to the Legacy 802.15.4
module without waiting for the transmission status of the previous packet.
The effect is:

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Operation Networking

n The receiver may display duplicate packets.

The solution is:
n Set bit 0 of the C8 (802.15.4 Compatibility) parameter to 1 to enable TX compatibility mode in the
XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module. This eliminates the transmission queue to avoid sending
to multiple addresses simultaneously. It also limits the packet size to the levels of the Legacy
802.15.4 module.

Networking
The following table describes some common terms we use when discussing networks.

Term Definition
Association Establishing membership between end devices and a coordinator.
Coordinator A full-function device (FFD) that provides network synchronization by polling nodes.
End device When in the same network as a coordinator. Devices that rely on a coordinator for
synchronization and can be put into states of sleep for low-power applications.
PAN Personal Area Network. A data communication network that includes one or more
end devices and optionally a coordinator.

MAC Mode configuration

Medium Access Control (MAC) Mode configures two functions:

1. Enables or disables the use of a Digi header in the 802.15.4 RF packet.

When the Digi header is enabled (MM = 0 or 3), duplicate packet detection is enabled as well as
certain AT commands.
Modes 1 and 2 do not include a Digi header, which disables many features of the device. All
data is strictly pass through.
2. Enables or disables MAC acknowledgment request for unicast packets.
When MAC ACK is enabled (MM = 0 or 2), transmitting devices send packets with an ACK
request so receiving devices send an ACK back (acknowledgment of RF packet reception) to the
transmitter. If the transmitting device does not receive the ACK, it re-sends the packet up to
three times or until the ACK is received.
Modes 1 and 3 disable MAC acknowledgment. Transmitting devices send packets without an
ACK request so receiving devices do not send an ACK back to the transmitter.
Broadcast messages are always sent with the MAC ACK request disabled.
The following table summarizes the functionality.

Mode Digi Header MAC ACK

0 (default) V V
1
2 V
3 V

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Operation Networking

The default value for the MM configuration parameter is 0 which enables both the Digi header and the
MAC acknowledgment.

XBee retries configuration

Configures the maximum number of retries the device executes in addition to the three retries
provided by the 802.15.4 MAC. RR (XBee Retries) controls XBee retries configuration. It is also known
as Application Retries.
For each XBee retry, the 802.15.4 MAC can execute up to three retries.
This only applies if MAC Mode configuration has Digi Header enabled.

Transmit status based on MAC mode and XBee retries configurations

When working in API mode, a transmit request frame sent by the user is always answered with a
transmit status frame sent by the device, if the frame ID is non-zero.
The following tables report the expected transmit status for unicast transmissions and the maximum
number of MAC and application retries the device attempts.
The tables also report the transmit status reported when the device detects energy above the CCA
threshold (when a CCA failure happens).
The following table applies in either of these cases:
l Digi Header is disabled.
l Digi Header is enabled and XBee Retries (RR parameter) is equal to 0 (default configuration).

Destination reachable Destination unreachable CCA failure happened

Retries Retries Retries
Mac ACK TX
Config TX status MAC App TX status MAC App status MAC App
Enabled 00 up to 0 01 (No 3 0 02 (CCA 3 0
(Success) 3 acknowledgment failure)
received)
Disabled 00 0 0 00 (Success) 0 0 02 (CCA 3 0
(Success) failure)

The following table applies when:

l Digi Header is enabled and XBee Retries (RR parameter) is bigger than 0.

Destination reachable Destination unreachable CCA failure happened

Retries Retries Retries
Mac ACK TX
Config TX status MAC App TX status MAC App status MAC App
Enabled 00 up to up to 21 3 RR 02 (CCA 3 RR
(Success) 3 per RR (Network value failure) value
app value ACK

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Operation Networking

Destination reachable Destination unreachable CCA failure happened

Retries Retries Retries
Mac ACK TX
Config TX status MAC App TX status MAC App status MAC App
retry Failure)
Disabled 00 0 up to 21 0 RR 02 (CCA 3 RR
(Success) RR (Network value failure) value
value ACK
Failure)

Peer-to-peer networks

By default, XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module modules are configured to operate within a peer-
to-peer network topology and therefore are not dependent upon master/slave relationships. This
means that devices remain synchronized without the use of master/server configurations and each
device in the network shares both roles of master and slave. Our peer-to-peer architecture features
fast synchronization times and fast cold start times. This default configuration accommodates a wide
range of RF data applications.

Master/slave networks
In a Master Slave network, there is a coordinator and one or more end devices. When end devices
associate to the coordinator, they become members of that Personal Area Network (PAN). As such,
they share the same channel and PAN ID. PAN IDs must be unique to prevent miscommunication
between PANs. Depending on the A1 and A2 parameters, association may assist in automatically
assigning the PAN ID and the channel. These parameters are specified below based on the network
role (end device or coordinator).

End device association

End device association occurs if CE is 0 and A1 has bit 2 set. See the following table.

Bit Hex value Meaning

0 0x01 Allow PAN ID reassignment
1 0x02 Allow channel reassignment
2 0x04 Auto association
3 0x08 Poll coordinator on pin wake

By default, A1 is 0, which disables association and effectively causes an end device to operate in peer-
to-peer mode. When bit 2 is set, the end device associates to a coordinator. This is done by sending

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Operation Networking

out an active scan to detect beacons from nearby networks. The active scan selects one channel and
transmits a Beacon Request command to the broadcast address and the broadcast PAN ID. It then
listens on that channel for beacons from any coordinator operating on that channel. The listen time
on each channel is determined by the SD parameter. Once that time expires, the active scan selects
the next channel, repeating until all channels have been scanned.
If A1 is 0x04 (bit 0 clear, bit 1 clear, and bit 2 set), then the active scan will reject all beacons that do
not match both the configured PAN ID and the configured channel. This is the best way to join a
particular coordinator.
If A1 is 0x05 (bit 0 set, bit 1 clear, and bit 2 set), then the active scan will accept a beacon from any
PAN ID, providing the channel matches. This is useful if the channel is known, but not the PAN ID.
If A1 is 0x06 (bit 0 clear, bit 1 set, and bit 2 set), then the active scan will accept a beacon from any
channel, providing the PAN ID matches. This is useful if the PAN ID is known, but not the channel.
If A1 is 0x07 (bit 0 set, bit 1 set, and bit 2 set), then the active scan will accept a beacon from any PAN
ID and from any channel. This is useful when the network does not matter, but the one with the best
signal is desired.
Whenever multiple beacons are received that meet the criteria of the active scan, then the beacon
with the best link quality is selected. This applies whether A1 is 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, or 0x07.
Before the End Device joins a network, the Associate LED will be on solid. After it joins a network, the
Associate LED will blink twice per second.
In the event that association parameters are changed after the end device is associated, the end
device will leave the network and re-join in accordance with the new configuration parameters.

Coordinator association
Coordinator association occurs if CE is 1 and A2 has bit 2 set. See the following table.

Bit Hex value Meaning

0 0x01 Allow PAN ID reassignment
1 0x02 Allow channel reassignment
2 0x04 Allow association

By default, A2 is 0, which prevents devices from associating to the coordinator. So, if CE is 1 and A2 bit
2 is 0, the device still creates a network, but end devices are unable to associate to it.
If A2 bit 2 is set, then joining is allowed after the coordinator forms a network.
If A2 bit 0 is set, the coordinator issues an active scan. This means it will send out beacon requests to
the broadcast address (0xFFFF) and the broadcast PAN ID (0xFFFF). Then, it will listen for beacons. The
listen time is determined by the SD parameter. Then the same beacon request is sent out on the next
channel and the device listens for beacon responses on that channel. This process repeats until each
channel in the channel mask (SC) is scanned for SD time. If none of the beacons on any of the
channels return a PAN ID equivalent with the ID parameter, then the coordinator will use the ID
parameter for the PAN ID of the new network it forms. But, if a beacon response matches the PAN ID
of the coordinator, the coordinator will form a PAN on a unique PAN ID.
If A2 bit 0 is clear, then the coordinator will form a network on the PAN ID identified by the ID
parameter, without regard to another network that might have the same PAN ID.
If A2 bit 1 is set, the coordinator will issue an energy scan, similar to the active scan. It will listen on
each channel specified in the SC parameter for the time indicated by the SD parameter. After the scan
is complete, the channel with the least energy is selected to form the new network.

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Operation Networking

If A2 bit 1 is clear, then no energy scan is performed and the CH parameter is used to select the
channel of the new network.
If bits 0 and 1 of A2 are both set, then an active scan is done followed by an energy scan. However, the
channels on which the active scan finds a coordinator are eliminated as possible channels for the
energy scan, unless such an action would eliminate all channels. If beacons are found on all channels
in the channel mask, then then the energy scan behaves the same as it would if beacons are not found
on any of those channels. Therefore, the active scan will be performed on all channels in the channel
mask. Then, an energy scan will be performed on the channels in the channel mask that did not find a
coordinator.
Depending on the result of the active scan, the set of channels for the energy scan varies. If a PAN ID is
found on all the channels in the channel mask, then the energy scan operates on all the channels in
the channel mask. If at least one of the channels in the channel mask did not find a PAN ID, then the
channels with PAN IDs are eliminated from consideration for the energy scan. After the energy scan
completes, the channel with the least energy is selected for forming the new network.
Whenever CE, ID, A2, or MY changes, the network will leave and association will recur with the new
parameters. Any end devices associated to the coordinator prior to changing one of these parameters
will lose association. For this reason, it is important not to change these parameters on a coordinator
unless needed.
Before the Coordinator forms a network, the Associate LED will be on solid. After it forms a network,
the Associate LED will blink once per second.

Indirect addressing
The XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module may hold indirect messages until it runs out of buffers
and the size of those messages does not matter. A brief summary follows:
A coordinator (CE = 1) must have SP set to a non-zero value to use indirect addressing. Otherwise, all
frames will be sent directly, assuming the target device is awake. For best operation, SP and ST
should be set to match the SP and ST values of the end nodes. The coordinator will hold onto an
indirect message until it receives a poll from the device to which the message is addressed, or until a
timeout, whichever occurs first. The timeout is 2.5 times the value of SP.
After an indirect message is sent, subsequent messages to the same address will be sent directly for a
period of time equal to the ST parameter. The assumption is that the end device will remain awake
for ST time after the last transmission or reception. Therefore, after a poll, every transmission and
reception involving that address restart the ST timer. After the ST timer expires, the coordinator will
again use indirect messaging (i.e it will hold messages awaiting a poll.)
End devices using cyclic sleep send a poll to the coordinator when they wake up unless SO bit 0 is
set. End devices using pin sleep may be configured to send a poll on a pin wakeup by setting bit 3 of
A1. Also the FP command can be used to send a poll upon exiting command mode. However, the poll
is not sent while in command mode. Rather the poll is sent after changes are applied so that the
module is ready to receive data after the poll is sent.
It is more difficult to use indirect addressing with pin sleep than with cyclic sleep because the end
device must wake up periodically to poll for the data from the coordinator. Otherwise, the coordinator
will discard the data. Therefore, cyclic sleep is the only recommended sleep mode for indirect
addressing.

Association indicators
There are two types of association indicators: Asynchronous device status messages, and on demand
queries. Asynchronous device status messages occur whenever a change occurs and API mode is
enabled. On demand queries occur when the AI command is issued, which can occur in Command
mode, in API mode, or as a remote command.

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Device Status Messages

Not all device status messages are related with association, but for completeness all device status
types reported by XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module are listed in the following table.

Type Meaning
0x00 Hardware reset.
0x01 Watchdog reset.
0x02 End device successfully associated with a coordinator.
0x03 End device disassociated from coordinator or coordinator failed to form a new network.
0x06 Coordinator formed a new network.
0x0D Input voltage on the XBee-PRO device is too high, which prevents transmissions.

Association indicator status codes

The XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module code can potentially give any of the status codes in the
following table.

Code Meaning
0x00 Coordinator successfully started, End device successfully associated, or operating in peer
to peer mode where no association is needed.
0x03 Active Scan found a PAN coordinator, but it is not currently accepting associations.
0x04 Active Scan found a PAN coordinator in a beacon-enabled network, which is not a
supported feature.
0x05 Active Scan found a PAN, but the PAN ID does not match the configured PAN ID on the
requesting end device and bit 0 of A1 is not set to allow reassignment of PAN ID.
0x06 Active Scan found a PAN on a channel does not match the configured channel on the
requesting end device and bit 1 of A1 is not set to allow reassignment of the channel.
0x0C Association request failed to get a response.
0x13 End device is disassociated or is in the process of disassociating.
0xFF Initialization time; no association status has been determined yet.

Sleep
Sleep is implemented to support installations where a mains power source is not available and a
battery is required. In order to increase battery life, the device sleeps, which means it stops operating.
It can be woken by a timer expiration or a pin.
For more information about sleep modes, see Sleep modes.

Sleep conditions
Since instructions stop executing while the device is sleeping, it is important to avoid sleeping when
the device has work to do. For example, the device will not sleep if any of the following are true:

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Operation Clear Channel Assessment (CCA)

1. The device is operating in command mode, or in the process of getting into command mode
with the +++ sequence.
2. The device is processing AT commands from API mode
3. The device is processing remote AT commands
4. Something is queued to the serial port and that data is not blocked by RTS flow control
If each of the above conditions are false, then sleep may still be blocked in these cases:

1. Enough time has not expired since the device has awakened.
a. If the device is operating in pin sleep, the amount of time needed for one character to be
received on the UART is enough time.
b. If the device is operating in cyclic sleep, enough time is defined by a timer. The duration of
that timer is:
i. defined by ST if in SM 5 mode and it is awakened by a pin
ii. 30 ms to allow enough time for a poll and a poll response
iii. 750 ms to allow enough time for association, in case that needs to happen
c. In addition, the wake time is extended by an additional ST time when new OTA data or
serial data is received.
2. Sleep Request pin is not asserted when operating in pin sleep mode
3. Data is waiting to be sent OTA.

Clear Channel Assessment (CCA)

Prior to transmitting a packet, the device performs a CCA (Clear Channel Assessment) on the channel
to determine if the channel is available for transmission. The detected energy on the channel is
compared with the CA (Clear Channel Assessment) parameter value. If the detected energy exceeds
the CA parameter value, the device does not transmit the packet.
Also, the device inserts a delay before a transmission takes place. You can set this delay using the RN
(Backoff Exponent) parameter. If you set RN to 0, then there is no delay before the first CCA is
performed. The RN parameter value is the equivalent of the “minBE” parameter in the 802.15.4
specification. The transmit sequence follows the 802.15.4 specification.
By default, the MM (MAC Mode) parameter = 0. On a CCA failure, the device attempts to re-send the
packet up to two additional times.
When in Unicast packets with RR (Retries) = 0, the device executes two CCA retries. Broadcast packets
always get two CCA retries.

Note Customers in Europe who have the XBee 802.15.4 module must manage their CCA settings. See
CA (CCA Threshold) for CA values.

CCA operations
CCA is a method of collision avoidance that is implemented by detecting the energy level on the
transmission channel before starting the transmission. The CCA threshold (defined by the CA
parameter) defines the energy level that it takes to block a transmission attempt. For example, if CCA
is set to the default value of 0x2C (which is interpreted as -44 dBm) then energy detected above the -
44 dBm level (for example -40 dBm) temporarily blocks a transmission attempt. But if the energy level
is less than that (for example -50 dBm), the transmission is not blocked. The intent of this feature is to
prevent simultaneous transmissions on the same channel.

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CCA can be set down to 0x50 (or -80 dBm), which approaches the sensitivity level. Setting such a
threshold may not work in a noisy environment.
In the event that the energy level exceeds the threshold, the transmission is blocked some random
number of backoff periods. The number of backoff periods is defined by random(2^n - 1) where the
initial value of n is defined by the RN parameter and it increments after each failure. When RN is set to
its default value of 0, then 2^n -1 is 0, preventing any delay before the first energy detection on a new
frame. However, n increments after each CCA failure, giving a greater range for the number of backoff
periods between each energy detection cycle.
In the event that five energy detection cycles occur and each one detects too much energy, the
application tries again 1 to 48 ms later. After the application retries are exhausted, then the
transmission fails with a CCA error.
Whenever the MAC code reports a CCA failure, meaning that it performed five energy detection cycles
with exponential random back-offs, and each one failed, the EC parameter is incremented. The EC
parameter can be read at any time to find out how noisy the operating channel is. It continues to
increment until it reaches its maximum value of 0xFFFF. To get new statistics, you can always set EC
back to 0.

Serial interface
The XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module interfaces to a host device through a serial port. The
device can communicate through its serial port with:
n Through logic and voltage compatible universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART).
n Through a level translator to any serial device, for example, through an RS-232 or USB interface
board.
n Through a SPI, as described in SPI signals.

Select a serial port

The device has two serial ports and only one is active at a time. To be active, a port must be enabled
and in use.
The UART is always enabled. The SPI is enabled if it is configured. To be configured, SPI_MISO, SPI_
MOSI, SPI_SSEL , and SPI_CLK must all be configured as peripherals. On the surface-mount device,
these lines are configured as peripherals by setting P5, P6, P7, and P8 to 1. This is also the default
configuration for surface-mount devices.
On the through-hole device, those pins are not available and SPI is disabled by default. Therefore, to
configure the SPI pins on a through-hole device, hold DOUT low during a reset. If the UART is not
hooked up, then DOUT can be treated as an input to force the device into SPI mode. It is best to
follow this special operation by a WR operation so that the SPI port will still be enabled on future
resets without forcing DOUT low.
Once the SPI port is enabled by either means, it is still not active until the external SPI master asserts
SPI_SSEL low. After the SPI port is active, the device continues to use the SPI port until the next reset.

Serial receive buffer

When serial data enters the device through the DIN pin (or the MOSI pin), it stores the data in the
serial receive buffer until the device can process it. Under certain conditions, the device may not be
able to process data in the serial receive buffer immediately. If large amounts of serial data are sent to
the device such that the serial receive buffer would overflow, then it discards new data. If the UART is
in use, you can avoid this by the host side honoring CTS flow control.

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Serial transmit buffer

When the device receives RF data, it moves the data into the serial transmit buffer and sends it out the
UART or SPI port. If the serial transmit buffer becomes full and the system buffers are also full, then it
drops the entire RF data packet. Whenever the device receives data faster than it can process and
transmit the data out the serial port, there is a potential of dropping data.

UART data flow

Devices that have a UART interface connect directly to the pins of the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF
Module as shown in the following figure. The figure shows system data flow in a UART-interfaced
environment. Low-asserted signals have a horizontal line over the signal name.

Serial data
A device sends data to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module's UART through TH pin 3/SMT pin
4 DIN as an asynchronous serial signal. When the device is not transmitting data, the signals should
idle high.
For serial communication to occur, you must configure the UART of both devices (the microcontroller
and the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module) with compatible settings for the baud rate, parity,
start bits, stop bits, and data bits.
Each data byte consists of a start bit (low), 8 data bits (least significant bit first) and a stop bit (high).
The following diagram illustrates the serial bit pattern of data passing through the device. The
diagram shows UART data packet 0x1F (decimal number 31) as transmitted through the device.

Flow control
The XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module maintains buffers to collect serial and RF data that it
receives. The serial receive buffer collects incoming serial characters and holds them until the device
can process them. The serial transmit buffer collects the data it receives via the RF link until it

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transmits that data out the serial port. The following figure shows the process of device buffers
collecting received serial data.

CTS flow control

If you enable CTS flow control (by setting D7 to 1), when the serial receive buffer is 17 bytes away
from being full, the device de-asserts CTS (sets it high) to signal to the host device to stop sending
serial data. The device reasserts CTS after the serial receive buffer has 34 bytes of space. The
maximum space available for receiving serial data is 174 bytes, which is enough to hold 1.5 full
packets of data.

Flow control threshold

Use the FT parameter to set the flow control threshold. Since the receive serial buffer is 174 bytes, you
cannot set FT to more than 174-12 = 162 bytes. This allows up to 17 bytes of data to come in after CTS
is de-asserted before data is dropped. The default value of FT is 109, leaving space for an external
device that responds slowly to CTS being de-asserted. The minimum value of FT is 17, which is the
minimal operational level.

RTS flow control

If you send the D6 command to enable RTS flow control, the device does not send data in the serial
transmit buffer out the DOUT pin as long as RTS is de-asserted (set high). Do not de-assert RTS for
long periods of time or the serial transmit buffer will fill. If the device receives an RF data packet and
the serial transmit buffer does not have enough space for all of the data bytes, it discards the entire
RF data packet.
If the device sends data out the UART when RTS is de-asserted (set high) the device could send up to
five characters out the UART port after RTS is de-asserted.
Cases in which the DO buffer may become full, resulting in dropped RF packets:

1. If the RF data rate is set higher than the interface data rate of the device, the device may
receive data faster than it can send the data to the host. Even occasional transmissions from a
large number of devices can quickly accumulate and overflow the transmit buffer.
2. If the host does not allow the device to transmit data out from the serial transmit buffer due to
being held off by hardware flow control.

Asynchronous Parameters
Asynchronous communication over a UART is configured with a start bit, data bits, parity, stop bits,
and baud rate. Out of these, only parity and baud rate are configurable on the device for 802.15.4. This

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means that the connecting micro-controller must match the the start bits (1), the data bits (8), and the
stop bits (1) of the device for proper communication.

Parity
Use the NB command to configure parity; see NB (Parity).

SPI operation
This section specifies how SPI is implemented on the device, what the SPI signals are, and how full
duplex operations work.

SPI signals
The XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module supports SPI communications in slave mode. Slave mode
receives the clock signal and data from the master and returns data to the master. The SPI port uses
the following signals on the device:

SMT pin SMT applicable AT TH Pin TH applicable AT

Signal # command # command
SPI_MOSI (Master out, 16 P6 11 D4
Slave in)
SPI_MISO (Master in, 17 P5 4 P2
Slave out)
SPI_SCLK (Serial clock) 14 P8 18 D2
SPI_SSEL (Slave select) 15 P7 17 D3
SPI_ATTN (Attention) 12 P9 19 D1

By default, the inputs have pull-up resistors enabled. Use the PR command to disable the pull-up
resistors. When the SPI pins are not connected but the pins are configured for SPI operation, then the
device requires the pull-ups for proper UART operation.

Signal description
SPI_MISO: When SPI_CLK is active, the device outputs the data on SPI_MISO at the SPI_CLK rate. If
there are other SPI slave devices connected to the same SPI master, then the SPI_MISO output from
XBee device must be externally tri-stated when SPI_SSEL is de-asserted to prevent multiple devices
from driving SPI_MISO.
SPI_MOSI: The SPI master outputs data on this line at the SPI_CLK rate after it selects the desired
slave. When you configure the device for SPI operations, this pin is an input.
SPI_SCLK: The SPI master outputs a clock on this pin, and the rate must not exceed the maximum
allowed, 5 Mb/s. This signal clocks data transfers on MOSI and MISO.
SPI_SSEL: The SPI master outputs a low signal on this pin to select the device as an SPI slave. When
you configure the device for SPI operations, this pin is an input. This signal enables serial
communication with the slave.
SPI_ATTN: The device asserts this pin low when it has data to send to the SPI master. When you
configure this pin for SPI operations, it is an output (not tri-stated). This signal alerts the master that
the slave has data queued to send. The device asserts this pin as soon as data is available to send to
the SPI master and it remains asserted until the SPI master has clocked out all available data.

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SPI parameters
Most host processors with SPI hardware allow you to set the bit order, clock phase and polarity. For
communication with all XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Modules, the host processor must set these
options as follows:
n Bit order: send MSB first
n Clock phase (CPHA): sample data on first (leading) edge
n Clock polarity (CPOL): first (leading) edge rises
All XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Modules use SPI mode 0 and MSB first. Mode 0 means that data is
sampled on the leading edge and that the leading edge rises. MSB first means that bit 7 is the first bit
of a byte sent over the interface.

SPI and API mode

The SPI only operates in API mode 1. The SPI does not support Transparent mode or API mode 2 (with
escaped characters). This means that the AP configuration only applies to the UART interface and is
ignored while using the SPI.

Full duplex operation

When using SPI on the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module the device uses API operation without
escaped characters to packetize data. The device ignores the configuration of AP because SPI does
not operate in any other mode. SPI is a full duplex protocol, even when data is only available in one
direction. This means that whenever a device receives data, it also transmits, and that data is
normally invalid. Likewise, whenever a device transmits data, invalid data is probably received. To
determine whether or not received data is invalid, the firmware places the data in API packets.
SPI allows for valid data from the slave to begin before, at the same time, or after valid data begins
from the master. When the master sends data to the slave and the slave has valid data to send in the
middle of receiving data from the master, a full duplex operation occurs, where data is valid in both
directions for a period of time. Not only must the master and the slave both be able to keep up with
the full duplex operation, but both sides must honor the protocol.
The following figure illustrates the SPI interface while valid data is being sent in both directions.

Slave mode characteristics

In slave mode, the following apply:

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n SPI Clock rates up to 5 MHz (5 Mb/s) are possible.

n Data is MSB first.
n It uses Frame Format Mode 0. This means CPOL= 0 (idle clock is low) and CPHA = 0 (data is
sampled on the clock’s leading edge). The picture below diagrams Mode 0.
n The SPI port is setup for API mode and is equivalent to AP = 1.
The following picture shows the frame format for SPI communications.

I/O support
The following topics describe analog and digital I/O line support, line passing and output control.

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Digital I/O line support

Digital I/O is available on pins D0 through D8. Each of these pins may be configured as 3, 4, or 5 with
the following meanings:
n 3 is digital input
n 4 is digital output low
n 5 is digital output high
Pins D0 through D8 are available for digital input, but only D0 through D7 are available for digital
output.

Function SMT pin TH pin AT command

DIO0 33 20 D0 (DIO0/AD0)

DIO1 32 19 D1 (DIO1/AD1)

DIO2 31 18 D2 (DIO2/AD2)

DIO3 30 17 D3 (DIO3/AD3)

DIO4 24 11 D4 (DIO4)

DIO5 28 15 D5 (DIO5/ASSOCIATED_INDICATOR)

DIO6 29 16 D6 (DIO6/RTS)

DIO7 25 12 D7 (DIO7/CTS)

DIO8 10 9 D8 (DIO8/SLEEP_REQUEST)

Analog input
Analog input is available on D0 through D3 by configuring these parameters to 2. Analog input is not
available on D4 and D5.

On demand I/O sampling

You can use the IS (Force Sample) command to sample pins configured as digital I/O and analog
input. If no pins are configured in this manner (with the DO - D8 commands set to 2, 3, 4, or 5), then
the IS command returns an error.
In Command mode, the output is:

Output Description
01 Indicates one sample. That is the only possibility for Command mode.
20E Mask to indicate which lines are sampled (A0, D3, D2, and D1).
00A Digital sample indicates D3 high, D2 low, and D1 high.
3FF Analog sample for A0 indicates that A0 is reading maximum voltage of 1.2 V.

In API mode, the output is:

7E 00 0C 83 00 00 00 00 01 03 3E 01 2A 02 10 FD

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In this example, note the following:

83 indicates RX Packet: 16-bit Address I/O frame (0x83).
00 00 indicates 16-bit source address.
00 indicates RSSI (does not apply).
00 indicates options.
01 indicates the number of samples.
03 3E mask to indicate which lines are sampled (A0, D8, D5, D4, D3, D2, and D1).
01 2A digital sample that indicates that D8 is high, D5 is high, D4 is low, D3 is high, D2 is low,
and D1 is high.
02 10 indicates that A0 has input voltage nearly half of capacity, where 03 FF would indicate
the full voltage of 1.2 V = 1200 mV.
For a remote IS command sent to the device listed above with the same configuration, the output is:
7E 00 16 97 01 00 13 A2 00 40 E3 C0 15 00 00 49 53 00 01 03 3E 01 2A 02 10 9F
In this example, note the following:
97 indicates Remote AT Command Response frame (0x97).
01 is the frame ID.
00 13 A2 00 40 E3 C0 15 is the 64-bit source address.
00 00 indicates 16-bit source address.
49 53 (IS) indicates command response to the IS command.
00 indicates the status is OK.
01 indicates the number of samples.
03 3E mask to indicate which lines are sampled (A0, D8, D5, D4, D3, D2, and D1).
01 2A digital sample that indicates that D8 is high, D5 is high, D4 is low, D3 is high, D2 is low,
and D1 is high.
02 10 indicates that A0 has input voltage about half of capacity, where 03 FF would indicate
full voltage of 1.2 V = 1200 mV.

I/O data format

I/O data begins with a header. The first byte of the header defines the number of samples
forthcoming. The last two bytes of the header (Channel Indicator) define which inputs are active. Each
bit represents either a DIO line or ADC channel. The following figure illustrates the bits in the header.

Sample data follows the header and the channel indicator frame determines how to read the sample
data. If any of the DIO lines are enabled, the first two bytes are the DIO sample. The ADC data follows.
ADC channel data is represented as an unsigned 10-bit value right-justified on a 16- bit boundary. The
following figure illustrates the sample data bits.

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Multiple samples per packet

The IT parameter specifies how many I/O samples can be transmitted in a single OTA packet. Any
single-byte value (0 - 0xFF) is accepted for input. However, the value is adjusted downward based on
how many I/O samples can fit into a maximum size packet; see Maximum payload. A query of the IT
parameter after changes are applied tells how many I/O samples actually occur.
Since MM must be 0 or 3 to send I/O samples, the maximum payload in the best of conditions (short
source address, short destination address, and no encryption) is 114 bytes. Seven of those bytes are
used by the command header and the I/O header, leaving 107 bytes for I/O samples. The minimum I/O
sample is 2 bytes. Therefore the maximum possible usable value for IT is 53 (or 0x35).

API support
I/O data is sent out the UART using an API frame. All other data can be sent and received using
Transparent Operation or API frames if API mode is enabled (AP > 0).
API Operations support two RX (Receive) frame identifiers for I/O data (set 16-bit address to 0xFFFE
and the device does 64-bit addressing):
n 0x82 for RX Packet: 64-bit Address I/O
n 0x83 for RX Packet: 16-bit Address I/O
The API command header is the same as shown in 64-bit Receive Packet - 0x80 and 16-bit I/O Sample
Indicator - 0x83. RX data follows the format described in I/O data format.

Periodic I/O sampling

Periodic I/O sampling is done by periodically gathering samples on the source node and sending the
samples to the destination node to output on its serial port.

Source node
On the source node, the IR parameter specifies how many milliseconds between samples. The IT
parameter specifies how many samples will be sent OTA in a single packet, and the DH/DL parameters
designate the node that will receive the samples. In addition MM must be 0 or 3 for I/O samples to be
sent.
The maximum value of IR is 0xFFFF. If IR is 0, periodic I/O sampling is disabled. Otherwise, IR specifies
the number of milliseconds between samples.
If IT is 0, than an I/O sample is sent every IR milliseconds. If IR is greater than 0, then an I/O sample is
sent every IR*IT milliseconds. Any single-byte value (0 - 0xFF) is accepted for input. However, the
value is adjusted downward based on how many I/O samples can fit into a maximum size packet. A
query of the IT parameter after changes are applied tells how many I/O samples will actually occur.
Since MM must be 0 or 3 to send I/O samples, the maximum payload in the best of conditions (short
source address, short destination address, and no encryption) is 114 bytes. Seven of those bytes are
used by the command header and the I/O header, leaving 107 bytes for I/O samples. The minimum I/O
sample is 2 bytes. Therefore the maximum possible usable value for IT is 53 (or 0x35).

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Although samples may be taken every millisecond, IR*IT should be at least 20 milliseconds. This
allows time for OTA transmission and output on the serial port of the receiving module.

Destination node
On the destination node, the IU parameter enables the serial port to output I/O samples it receives. IU
is set to 1 by default. If IU is set and the destination node is not in Command mode, it displays
samples it receives on its serial port in API format. The AP parameter is ignored in this case.

Data format
The I/O sample is formatted as follows:

IT Mask Samples
1 byte 2 bytes 2 * number of samples

The IT field is described above.

The Mask is a bit field formatted as follows:

Reserved A3 - A0 D8 - D0
3 bits 4 analog bits 9 digital bits

If you set any of the digital bits, then a digital sample follows the Mask.
For every analog bit that is set, there is a 10-bit sample using two bytes where A0 is included first and
A3 is included last.
The number of samples indicated by the mask is repeated IT times. The mask is not repeated.
The sending node sends I/O samples to the address specified by DH/DL. The receiving node displays
the samples as described above, providing API mode is enabled, the node is not in Command mode,
and the IU parameter is 1 (IU is 1 by default). If any of these are false, the I/O sample is discarded
without being displayed.

Change Detect I/O sampling

When you use the IC (DIO Change Detect) command to enable DIO Change Detect, DIO lines 0 - 7 are
monitored. When a change is detected on a DIO line, the following occurs:

1. This packet does not contain DIO8 and does not contain any analog samples. However, it does
contain a digital reading of the D0 - D7 pins configured for input or output, whether or not all
those bits are set in IC.
2. Any queued samples are transmitted before the change detect data. This may result in
receiving a packet with less than IT (Samples before TX) samples.
Change detect does not affect Pin Sleep wake-up. The D8 pin (DI8/SLEEP_RQ/DTR ) is the only line
that wakes a device from Pin Sleep. If not all samples are collected, the device still enters Sleep mode
after a change detect packet is sent.
Change detect is only supported when the Dx (DIOx Configuration) parameter equals 3, 4 or 5.

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Wakeup I/O sampling

Bit 2 of the SO parameter specifies whether or not the device automatically samples the ADC/DIO lines
on wakeup. On the receiving side the I/O sample may go to the I/O pins, the serial port, both, or
neither based on the settings of the IA (I/O Input Address) and IU (I/O Output Enable) parameters.
For more information, see SO (Sleep Options), IA (I/O Input Address), and IU (I/O Output Enable).

Sample rate (interval)

The Sample Rate (Interval) feature allows enabled ADC and DIO pins to be read periodically on devices
that are not configured to operate in Sleep Mode. When one of the Sleep Modes is enabled and the IR
(Sample Rate) parameter is set, the device stays awake until IT (Samples before TX) samples have
been collected.
Once a particular pin is enabled, the appropriate sample rate must be chosen. The maximum sample
rate that can be achieved while using one A/D line is 1 sample/ms or 1 kHz. The device cannot keep up
with transmission when IR and IT are equal to 1 and we do not recommend configuring the device to
sample at rates greater than once every 20 ms.

I/O line passing

You can configure XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Modules to perform analog and digital line passing.
When a device receives an RF I/O sample data packet, you can set up the receiving device to update
any enabled outputs (PWM and DIO) based on the data it receives.
Digital I/O lines are mapped in pairs; pins configured as digital input on the transmitting device affect
the corresponding digital output pin on the receiving device. For example: DI5 (pin 25) can only
update DO5 (pin 25).
No I/O line passing occurs if the receiving device does not have the corresponding pins set for output.
For Analog Line Passing, the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module has two PWM output pins that
simulate the voltage measured by the ADC lines AD0 and AD1. For example, when configured as an
ADC, AD0 (pin 33) updates PWM0 (pin 7); AD1 (pin 32) updates PWM1 (pin 8).
The default setup is for outputs to not be updated. Instead, a device sends I/O sample data out the
serial interface in API mode, even if the destination node is not configured for API mode. You can use
the IU command to disable sample data output.
To enable updating the outputs, set the IA (I/O Input Address) parameter with the address of the
device that has the appropriate inputs enabled. This effectively binds the outputs to a particular
device’s input. This does not affect the ability of the device to receive I/O line data from other devices
- only its ability to update enabled outputs. Set the IA parameter to 0xFFFF (broadcast address) to set
up the device to accept I/O data for output changes from any device on the network.
For line passing to function, the device configured with inputs must generate sample data.
When outputs are changed from their configured state, the device can be setup to return the output
level to its configured state after a timer expires. The timers are set using the Tn (Dn Output Timer)
and PT (PWM Output Timeout) commands. The timers are reset every time the device receives a valid
I/O sample packet with a matching IA address. You can adjust the IT (Samples before TX) and IR
(Sample Rate) parameters on the transmitting device to keep the outputs set to their active output if
the system needs more time than the timers can handle. Alternatively, the timers can be set to 0xFF,
which prevents them from expiring (in other words, the outputs remain in the state specified by the
input device indefinitely).

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I/O line passing details

The same message is received for both I/O sampling and for I/O line passing. But I/O line passing only
occurs if IA matches the short or long address of the sending node or if IA is 0xFFFF to match a sample
from any node. The default value of IA is 0xFFFFFFFF, which prevents I/O line passing from occurring
on the node because no node has that address. Additionally, the receiving device must have a
matching value for output. For example, if an ADC0 sample is received, then P0 must be configured
with 2 for PWM output. Otherwise, the analog signal will not be reflected with a matching PWM signal.
Likewise, if the sample indicates that D2 is high, but D2 is not set to 4 or 5 on the receiving device,
then the D2 pin will not be affected by I/O line passing.
When a digital output pin is set to something different than its configured value, that pin may return
to its configured value after the time specified for the corresponding timer. T0 specifies how long D0
will hold its non-configured value and T1 specifies how long D1 will hold its non-configured value. A
value of 0xFF indicates that a pin holds the value of the input of the corresponding device indefinitely
and a value less than 0xFF specifies how many tenth second units the pin holds the non-configured
value.
For PWM outputs, PT timer applies to both PWM0 and PWM1. A value of 0xFF allows the PWM pin to
output a duty cycle reflective of the analog input indefinitely and a smaller value indicates how many
10th second units before PWM output reverts to the duty cycle specified by M0 or M1.

Output control
The IO (Digital Output Level) command controls the output levels of D0 through D7 that are
configured as output pins (either 4 or 5). These values override the configured output levels of the
pins until they are changed again (the pins do not automatically revert to their configured values after
a timeout.) You can use the IO command to trigger a sample on change detect.

Sleep support
Set SO (Sleep Options) bit 1 to suppress automatic wake-up sampling.
When a device wakes, it always performs a sample based on any active ADC or DIO lines. This allows
sampling based on the sleep cycle whether it be Cyclic Sleep (SM = 4 or 5) or Pin Sleep (SM = 1). Set
the IR (Sample Rate) parameter to gather more samples when awake.
For Cyclic Sleep modes: If the IR parameter is set, the device stays awake until the IT (Samples before
TX) parameter is met. The device stays awake for ST (Time before Sleep).

Sleep modes
Sleep modes enable the device to enter states of low-power consumption when not in use. In order to
enter Sleep mode, one of the following conditions must be met (in addition to the device having a
non-zero SM parameter value):
n SLEEP_RQ/DTR (TH pin 9/SMT pin 10) is asserted and the device is in a pin sleep mode (SM = 1,
or 5)
n The device is idle (no data transmission or reception) for the amount of time defined by the ST
(Time before Sleep) parameter.

Note ST is only active when SM = 4 or 5.

The following table shows the sleep mode configurations.

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Operation Sleep support

Sleep mode Description

SM 0 No sleep
SM 1 Pin sleep
SM 4 Cyclic sleep
SM 5 Cyclic sleep with pin wake-up

Pin Sleep mode (SM = 1)

Pin Sleep mode minimizes quiescent power (power consumed when in a state of rest or inactivity).
This mode is voltage level-activated; when Sleep_RQ (TH pin 9/SMT pin 10) is asserted, the device
finishes any transmit, receive or association activities, enters Idle mode, and then enters a state of
sleep. The device does not respond to either serial or RF activity while in pin sleep.
To wake a sleeping device operating in Pin Sleep mode, de-assert Sleep_RQ. The device wakes when
Sleep_RQ is de-asserted and is ready to transmit or receive when the CTS line is low. When waking the
device, the pin must be de-asserted at least two 'byte times' after CTS goes low. This assures that
there is time for the data to enter the DI buffer.

Cyclic Sleep mode (SM = 4)

The Cyclic Sleep modes allow devices to periodically check for RF data. When the SM parameter is set
to 4, the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module is configured to sleep, then wakes once per cycle to
check for data from a coordinator. The Cyclic Sleep Remote sends a poll request to the coordinator at
a specific interval set by the SP (Cyclic Sleep Period) parameter. The coordinator transmits any
queued data addressed to that specific remote upon receiving the poll request.
ON_SLEEP goes high and CTS goes low each time the remote wakes, allowing for communication
initiated by the remote host if desired.

Cyclic Sleep with Pin Wake-up mode (SM = 5)

Use this mode to wake a sleeping remote device through either the RF interface or by de-asserting
SLEEP_RQ for event-driven communications. The cyclic sleep mode works as described previously
with the addition of a pin-controlled wake-up at the remote device. The SLEEP_RQ pin is level-
triggered. The device wakes when a low is detected then set CTS low as soon as it is ready to transmit
or receive.
Any activity resets the ST (Time before Sleep) timer, so the device goes back to sleep only after there
is no activity for the duration of the timer. Once the device wakes (pin-controlled), it ignores further
pin activity. The device transitions back into sleep according to the ST time regardless of the state of
the pin.

Sleep parameters
The following AT commands are associated with the sleep modes. See the linked commands for the
parameter's description, range and default values.
n SM (Sleep Mode)
n SO (Sleep Options)
n A1 (End Device Association)
n ST (Time before Sleep)

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Operation Sleep support

n SP (Cyclic Sleep Period)

n DP (Disassociated Cyclic Sleep Period)

Sleep current
The following table shows the sleep current during the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module sleep
modes.

Sleep mode SM command setting Sleep current

Pin sleep 1 <1 µA @ 25ºC
Cyclic sleep 4 <1 µA @ 25ºC
Cyclic sleep with pin wake-up 5 <1 µA @ 25ºC

You can make devices use low sleep current by driving PWM outputs high during sleep and by using
internal pull-ups/pull-downs on disabled/unused pins. The sleep pins are set up for sleeping as
specified in Sleep pins. Additionally, pins that are outputs (other than PWM outputs) continue to
output the same levels during sleep. Normally, this means that pins configured for output high or low
will output high or low accordingly. However, if the output is overridden by I/O line passing, then the
overridden output level is maintained during the sleep time.

Sleep pins
The following table describes the three external device pins associated with sleep. For more details
about the pins, see Pin signals.

Pin
Pin name number Description
SLEEP_RQ TH pin For SM = 1, high puts the device to sleep and low wakes it up. For SM = 5,
9/SMT pin a high to low transition wakes the device up for ST time. The device
10 ignores a low to high transition in SM = 5.
CTS TH pin If D7 = 1, high indicates that the device is asleep and low indicates that it
12/SMT is awake and ready to receive serial data.
pin 25
ON_SLEEP TH pin Low indicates that the device is asleep and high indicates that it is awake
13/SMT and ready to receive serial data. For the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF
pin 26 Module, this pin cannot be configured to anything different.

Direct and indirect transmission

There are two methods to transmit data:
n Direct transmission: data is transmitted immediately to the Destination Address
n Indirect transmission: a packet is retained for a period of time and is only transmitted after the
destination device (source address = destination address) requests the data.

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Operation Node discovery

Indirect transmissions can only occur on a Coordinator. Thus, if all nodes in a network are End
Devices, only direct transmissions occurs. Indirect transmissions are useful to ensure packet delivery
to a sleeping node. The Coordinator currently is able to retain up to five two indirect messages.

Direct transmission
A Coordinator can be configured to use only direct transmission by setting the SP (Cyclic Sleep Period)
parameter to 0. Also, a Coordinator using indirect transmissions reverts to direct transmission if it
knows the destination device is awake.
To enable this behavior, the ST (Time before Sleep) value of the Coordinator must be set to match the
ST value of the End Device. Once the End Device either transmits data to the Coordinator or polls the
Coordinator for data, the Coordinator uses direct transmission for all subsequent data transmissions
to that device address until ST time occurs with no activity (at which point it reverts to using indirect
transmissions for that device address). "No activity" means no transmission or reception of messages
with a specific address. Broadcast messages do not reset the ST timer.

Indirect transmission
To configure Indirect Transmissions in a Personal Area Network (PAN), the SP (Cyclic Sleep Period)
parameter value on the Coordinator must be set to match the longest sleep value of any End Device.
The sleep period value on the Coordinator determines how long (time or number of beacons) the
Coordinator retains an indirect message before discarding it.
An End Device must poll the Coordinator once it wakes from Sleep to determine if the Coordinator has
an indirect message for it. For Cyclic Sleep Modes, this is done automatically every time the device
wakes (after SP time). For Pin Sleep Modes, the A1 (End Device Association) parameter value must be
set to enable Coordinator polling on pin wake-up (set in bit 3). Alternatively, an End Device can use
the FP (Force Poll) command to poll the Coordinator as needed.

Acknowledgment
If the transmission is not a broadcast message, the device expects to receive an acknowledgment
from the destination node. If an acknowledgment is not received, the packet is resent up to three
more times. If the acknowledgment is not received after all transmissions, an ACK failure is recorded.

Node discovery
Node discovery has three variations as shown in the following table:

Commands Syntax Description

Node Discovery ND Seeks to discover all nodes in the network (on the current PAN
ID).
Directed Node ND <NI Seeks to discover if a particular node named <NI String> is found
Discovery String> in the network.
Destination Node DN <NI Sets DH/DL to point to the MAC address of the node whose <NI
String> String> matches.

Node discovery
The node discovery command (without an NI string designated) sends out a broadcast to every node
in the PAN ID. Each node in the PAN sends a response back to the requesting node.

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Operation Node discovery

When the node discovery command is issued in AT command mode, all other AT commands are
inhibited until the node discovery command times out, as specified by the NT parameter. After the
timeout, an extra CRLF is output to the terminal window, indicating that new AT commands can be
entered. This is the behavior whether or not there were any nodes that responded to the broadcast.
When the node discovery command is issued in API mode, the behavior is the same except that the
response is output in API mode. If no nodes respond, there will be no responses at all to the node
discover command. The requesting node is not able to process a new AT command until NT times out.

Node discovery in compatibility mode

Node discovery (without an NI string parameter) in compatibility mode operates the same in
compatibility mode as it does outside of compatibility mode with one minor exception:
If C8 bit 1 is set and if requesting node is operating in API mode and if no responses are received by
the time NT times out, then an API AT command response of OK (API frame type 0x88) is sent out the
serial port rather than giving no response at all, which would happen if C8 bit 1 is not set.

Directed node discovery

The directed node discovery command (ND with an NI string parameter) sends out a broadcast to find
a node in the network with a matching NI string. If such a node exists, it sends a response with its
information back to the requesting node.
In Transparent mode, the requesting node will output an extra CRLF following the response from the
designated node and the command will terminate, being ready to accept a new AT command. In the
event that the requested node does not exist or is too slow to respond, the requesting node outputs
an ERROR response after NT expires.
In API mode, the response from the requesting node will be output in API mode and the command will
terminate immediately. If no response comes from the requested node, the requesting node outputs
an error response in API mode after NT expires.

Directed node discovery in compatibility mode

The behavior of the Legacy 802.15.4 module (S1 hardware) varies with the default behavior described
above for the directed node discovery command. The Legacy module does not complete the
command until NT expires, even if the requested node responds immediately. After NT expires, it
gives a successful response, even if the requested node did not respond. To enable this behavior to be
equivalent to the Legacy 802.15.4 module, set bit 1 of the C8 parameter.

Destination Node
The Destination Node command (DN with an NI string parameter) sends out a broadcast containing
the NI string being requested. The responding node with a matching NI string sends its information
back to the requesting node. The local node then sets DH/DL to match the address of the responding
node. As soon as this response occurs, the command terminates successfully. If operating in AT
command mode, an OK string is output and command mode exits. In API mode another AT command
may be entered.
If an NI string parameter is not provided, the DN command terminates immediately with an error. If a
node with the given NI string doesn't respond, the DN command terminates with an error after NT
times out.
Unlike ND (with or without an NI string), DN does not cause the information from the responding
node to be output; rather it simply sets DH/DL to the address of the responding node. If the
responding node has a short address, then DH/DL is set to that short address (with DH at 0 and the

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Operation Remote configuration commands

ms 16 bits of DL at 0). If the responding node has a long address (MY is FFFE), then DH/DL are set to
the SH/SL of the responding node.

Remote configuration commands

The API firmware has provisions to send configuration commands to remote devices using the Remote
AT Command Request frame (0x17); see Remote AT Command Request - 0x17. You can use this frame
to send commands to a remote device to read or set command parameters.

CAUTION! It is important to set the short address to 0xFFFE when sending to a long address.
Any other value causes the long address to be ignored. This is particularly problematic in the
case where nodes are set up with default addresses of 0 and the 16-bit address is erroneously
left at 0. In that case, even with a correct long address the remote command goes out to all
devices with the default short address of 0, potentially resulting in harmful consequences,
depending on the command.

Send a remote command

To send a remote command populate the Remote AT Command Request frame (0x17) with:

1. The 64-bit address and of the remote device.

2. The correct command options value.
3. The command and parameter data (optional). If and only if all nodes in the PAN have unique
short addresses, then remote configuration commands can be sent to 16-bit short addresses
by setting the short address in the API frame for Remote AT commands. In that case, the 64-bit
address is unused and does not matter.

Apply changes on remote devices

Any changes you make to the configuration command registers using AT commands do not take effect
until you apply the changes. For example, if you send the BD command to change the baud rate, the
actual baud rate does not change until you apply the changes. To apply changes:

1. Set the Apply Changes option bit in the Remote AT Command Request frame (0x17).
2. Issue an AC (Apply Changes) command to the remote device.
3. Issue a WR + FR command to the remote device to save changes and reset the device.

Remote command responses

If the remote device receives a remote command request transmission, and the API frame ID is non-
zero, the remote sends a remote command response transmission back to the device that sent the
remote command. When a remote command response transmission is received, a device sends a
remote command response API frame out its serial port. The remote command response indicates the
status of the command (success, or reason for failure), and in the case of a command query, it
includes the register value. The device that sends a remote command will not receive a remote
command response frame if either of the following conditions exist:
n The destination device could not be reached.
n The frame ID in the remote command request is set to 0.

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 AT commands

Special commands 82
Networking and security commands 82
RF interfacing commands 98
Sleep commands 100
Serial interfacing commands 102
I/O settings commands 105
I/O line passing commands 116
Diagnostic commands 119
Command mode options 121

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AT commands Special commands

Special commands
The following commands are special commands.

WR (Write)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Writes parameter values to non-volatile memory so that parameter modifications persist through
subsequent resets.
Writing parameters to non-volatile memory does not apply the changes immediately. However, since
the device uses non-volatile memory to determine initial configuration following reset, the written
parameters are applied following a reset.

Note Once you issue a WR command, do not send any additional characters to the device until after
you receive the OK response.

Parameter range
N/A

Default
N/A

RE (Restore Defaults)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Restore device parameters to factory defaults. Does not exit out of Command mode.

Parameter range
N/A

Default
N/A

FR (Software Reset)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Resets the device. The device responds immediately with an OK and performs a reset 100 ms later.
If you issue FR while the device is in Command Mode, the reset effectively exits Command mode.

Parameter range
N/A

Default
N/A

Networking and security commands

The following AT commands are networking and security commands.

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AT commands Networking and security commands

C8 (802.15.4 Compatibility)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the operational compatibility with the Legacy 802.15.4 module (S1 hardware).

Parameter range
0-3
Bit field:

Bit Meaning Setting Description

01 TX 0 Transmissions are optimized as follows:
compatibility
1. Maximum transmission size is affected by multiple factors
(MM, MY, DH, DL, and EE). See Maximum payload rules. In
the best case, with no app header, short source and
destination addresses, and no encryption, the maximum
transmission size is 116 bytes.
2. Multiple messages can be present simultaneously on the
active queue, providing they are all destined for different
addresses. This improves performance.

1 Transmissions operate like the Legacy 802.15.4 module, which

means the following:

1. Maximum transmission size is 95 bytes for encrypted

packets and 100 bytes for un-encrypted packets. These
maximum transmission sizes are not adjusted upward for
short addresses or for lack of an APP header.
2. Only one transmission message can be active at a time,
even if other messages in the queue would go to a
different destination address.

1 Node 0 Node discovery operates like other XBee devices and not like the
Discovery Legacy 802.15.4 module. This means the following:
compatibility
1. A directed ND request terminates after the single
response arrives. This allows the device to process other
commands without waiting for the NT to time out.
2. The device outputs an error response to the directed ND
request if no response occurs within the time out.

1 The module operates like the Legacy 802.15.4 module, which has
the following effect:

1. When the expected response arrives, the command

remains active until NT times out. (NT defaults to 2.5

1This bit does not normally need to be set. However, when the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module is
streaming broadcasts in transparent mode to a Legacy 802.15.4 module (S1 hardware), and RR > 0, then this bit
does need to be set to avoid a watchdog reset on the Legacy 802.15.4 module.

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AT commands Networking and security commands

Bit Meaning Setting Description

seconds.) This prevents the device from processing any
other AT command, even if the desired response occurs
immediately.
2. When the timeout occurs, the command silently
terminates and indicates success, whether or not a
response occurred within the NT timeout.

Default
0

CH (Operating Channel)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Set or read the operating channel devices used to transmit and receive data. The channel is one of
three addressing configurations available to the device. The other configurations are the PAN ID (ID
command) and destination addresses (DL and DH commands).
In order for devices to communicate with each other, they must share the same channel number. A
network can use different channels to prevent devices in one network from listening to the
transmissions of another. Adjacent channel rejection is 23 dB.
The command uses 802.15.4 channel numbers. Center frequency = 2405 MHz + (CH - 11 decimal) * 5
MHz.

Parameter range
0xB - 0x1A (XBee)
0x0C - 0x17 (XBee-PRO)

Default
0xC (12 decimal)

ID (Network ID)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Set or read the user network identifier.
Devices must have the same network identifier to communicate with each other.
Devices can only communicate with other devices that have the same network identifier and channel
configured.
Setting the ID parameter to 0xFFFF indicates a global transmission for all PANs. It does not indicate a
global receive.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFFFF

Default
0x3332 (13106 decimal)

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AT commands Networking and security commands

DH (Destination Address High)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Set or read the upper 32 bits of the 64-bit destination address. When you combine DH with DL, it
defines the destination address that the device uses for transmissions in Transparent mode.
The destination address is also used for I/O sampling in both Transparent and API modes.
To transmit using a 16-bit address, set DH to 0 and DL less than 0xFFFF.
0x000000000000FFFF is the broadcast address. It is also used as the polling address when the device
functions as end device.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFFFFFFFF

Default
0

DL (Destination Address Low)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Set or display the lower 32 bits of the 64-bit destination address. When you combine DH with DL, it
defines the destination address that the device uses for transmissions in Transparent mode.
The destination address is also used for I/O sampling in both Transparent and API modes.
0x000000000000FFFF is the broadcast address. It is also used as the polling address when the device
functions as end device.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFFFFFFFF

Default
0

MY (Source Address)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the device's 16-bit source address. Set MY = 0xFFFF to disable reception of packets
with 16-bit addresses. Regardless of MY, messages addressed to the 64-bit long address of the device
are always delivered.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFFFF

Default
0

SH (Serial Number High)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Displays the upper 32 bits of the unique IEEE 64-bit extended address assigned to the product family
in the factory.

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AT commands Networking and security commands

The 64-bit source address is always enabled. This value is read-only and it never changes.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFFFFFFFF [read-only]

Default
Set in the factory

SL (Serial Number Low)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Displays the lower 32 bits of the unique IEEE 64-bit RF extended address assigned to the product
family in the factory.
The device's serial number is set at the factory and is read-only.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFFFFFFFF [read-only]

Default
Set in the factory

MM (MAC Mode)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
The MM command is used to set and read the MAC Mode value. The MM command disables/enables
the use of a Digi header contained in the 802.15.4 RF packet. By default (MM = 0), Digi Mode is enabled
and the module adds an extra header to the data portion of the 802.15.4 packet. This enables the
following features:
n ND and DN command support
n Duplicate packet detection when using ACKs
n Remote command support
n RR command
n DIO/AIO sampling support
n OTA firmware updates
The MM command allows users to turn off the use of the extra header. Modes 1 and 2 are strict
802.15.4 modes. If the Digi header is disabled, the features above are also disabled.
When MM = 1 or 3, MAC retries are not supported.
When the Digi header is disabled, encrypted data that is not valid will be sent out of the UART and not
filtered out.

Parameter range
0-3

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AT commands Networking and security commands

Parameter Configuration
0 Digi Mode (802.15.4 + Digi header)
1 802.15.4 (no ACKs)
2 802.15.4 (with ACKs)
3 Digi Mode (no ACKs)

Default
0

RR (XBee Retries)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Set or reads the maximum number of retries the device executes in addition to the three retries
provided by the 802.15.4 MAC. For each device retry, the 802.15.4 MAC can execute up to three retries.
The following applies for broadcast messages: If RR = 0, only one packet is broadcast. If RR is > 0, RR
+ 2 packets are sent on each broadcast. No acknowledgments are returned on a broadcast.
This value does not need to be set on all devices for retries to work. If retries are enabled, the
transmitting device sets a bit in the Digi RF Packet header that requests the receiving device to send
an ACK. If the transmitting device does not receive an ACK within 200 ms, it re-sends the packet within
a random period up to 48 ms. Each device retry can potentially result in the MAC sending the packet
four times (one try plus three retries). Retries are not attempted for indirect messages that are purged.

Parameter range
0-6

Default
0

RN (Random Delay Slots)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the minimum value of the back-off exponent in the CSMA-CA algorithm. The Carrier
Sense Multiple Access - Collision Avoidance (CSMA-CA) algorithm was engineered for collision
avoidance(random delays are inserted to prevent data loss caused by data collisions.
If RN = 0, there is no delay between a request to transmit and the first iteration of CSMA-CA.
Unlike CSMA-CD, which reacts to network transmissions after collisions have been detected, CSMA-CA
acts to prevent data collisions before they occur. As soon as a device receives a packet that is to be
transmitted, it checks if the channel is clear (no other device is transmitting). If the channel is clear,
the packet is sent over-the-air. If the channel is not clear, the device waits for a randomly selected
period of time, then checks again to see if the channel is clear. After a time, the process ends and the
data is lost.

Parameter range
0 - 3 (exponent)

Default
0

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AT commands Networking and security commands

ND (Network Discovery)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Discovers and reports all devices found in the network. For each discovered device, the following
information is returned after a jittered time delay:
Node discover response when issued in Command mode:
MY<CR> (2 bytes) (always 0xFFFE)
SH<CR> (4 bytes)
SL<CR> (4 bytes)
DB<CR> (Contains the detected signal strength of the response in negative dBm units)
NI <CR> (variable, 0-20 bytes plus 0x00 character)
PARENT_NETWORK ADDRESS<CR> (2 bytes)
DEVICE_TYPE<CR> (1 byte: 0 = Coordinator, 1 = Router, 2 = End Device)
STATUS<CR> (1 byte: reserved)
PROFILE_ID<CR> (2 bytes)
MANUFACTURER_ID<CR> (2 bytes)
DIGI DEVICE TYPE<CR> (4 bytes. Optionally included based on NO settings.)
RSSI OF LAST HOP<CR> (1 byte. Optionally included based on NO settings.)
A second carriage return will indicate the network discovery timeout (NT) has expired.
When operating in API mode and a Network Discovery is issued as a 0x08 or 0x09 frame, the response
will contain binary data except for the NI string in the following format:
2 bytes for Short Source Address
4 bytes for Upper Long Address
4 bytes for Lower Long Address
1 byte for the signal strength in -dBm (two's compliment representation)
NULL-terminated string for NI (Node Identifier) value (maximum 20 bytes without NULL
terminator)
Each device that responds to the request will generate a separate Local AT Command Response -
0x88.
Broadcast an ND command to the network. If the command includes an optional node identifier string
parameter, only those devices with a matching NI string respond without a random offset delay. If the
command does not include a node identifier string parameter, all devices respond with a random
offset delay.
The NT setting determines the maximum timeout (13 seconds by default), this value is sent along with
the discovery broadcast and determines the random delay the remote nodes use to prevent the
responses from colliding.
For more information about options that affect the behavior of the ND command Refer to the
description of the NO command for options which affect the behavior of the ND command.

WARNING! If the NT setting is small relative to the number of devices on the network,
responses may be lost due to channel congestion. Regardless of the NT setting, because
the random offset only mitigates transmission collisions, getting responses from all devices
in the network is not guaranteed.

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AT commands Networking and security commands

Parameter range
20-byte printable ASCII string

Default
N/A

NT (Node Discover Timeout)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets the amount of time a base node waits for responses from other nodes when using the ND (Node
Discover) command. The NT value is transmitted with the ND command.
Remote nodes set up a random hold-off time based on this time. Once the ND command has ended,
the base discards any response it receives.

Parameter range
0x1 - 0xFC (x 100 ms)

Default
0x19 (2.5 decimal seconds)

NO (Node Discovery Options)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Use NO to suppress or include a self-response to ND (Node Discover) commands. When NO bit 1 = 1, a
device performing a Node Discover includes a response entry for itself.

Parameter range
0-1

Default
0x0

DN (Discover Node)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Resolves an NI (Node identifier) string to a physical address (case sensitive).
The following events occur after DN discovers the destination node:
When DN is sent in Command mode :

1. The device sets DL and DH to the address of the device with the matching NI string.
The address selected (either 16-bit short address or 64-bit extended address) is chosen based
on the destination device's MY command configuration.
2. The receiving device returns OK (or ERROR).
3. The device exits Command mode to allow for immediate communication. If an ERROR is
received, then Command mode does not exit.
When DN is sent as a local AT Command API frame:

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AT commands Networking and security commands

1. The receiving device returns the 16-bit network and 64-bit extended addresses in an API
Command Response frame.
2. If there is no response from a module within (NT* 100) milliseconds or you do not specify a
parameter (by leaving it blank), the receiving device returns an ERROR message. In the case of
an ERROR, the device does not exit command mode. Set the radius of the DN command using
the BH command.
When DN is sent as a local Local AT Command Request - 0x08:

1. The receiving device returns a success response in a Local AT Command Response - 0x88.
2. If there is no response from a module within (NT * 100) milliseconds or you do not specify a
parameter (by leaving it blank), the receiving device returns an ERROR message.

Parameter range
20-byte ASCII string

Default
N/A

CE (Coordinator Enable)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
The routing and messaging mode of the device.

Parameter range
0-1

Parameter Description
0 End Device
1 Coordinator

Default
0

SC (Scan Channels)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the list of channels to scan for all Active and Energy Scans as a bit field. This affects
scans initiated in the AS (Active Scan) and ED (Energy Scan) commands in Command mode and
during End Device Association and Coordinator startup.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFFFF (bit field)

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Bit field mask:

Bit Parameter
0 0x0B (not available on XBee-PRO)
1 0x0C
2 0x0D
3 0x0E
4 0x0F
5 0x10
6 0x11
7 0x12
8 0x13
9 0x14
10 0x15
11 0x16
12 0x17
13 0x18 (not available on XBee-PRO)
14 0x19 (not available on XBee-PRO)
15 0x1A (not available on XBee-PRO)

Default
0x1FFE

SD (Scan Duration)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the scan duration exponent.
Coordinator: If you set the ReassignPANID option on the coordinator (refer to A2 (Coordinator
Association)), SD determines the length of time the coordinator scans channels to locate existing
PANs. If you set the ReassignChannel option, SD determines how long the coordinator performs an
Energy Scan to determine which channel it will operate on.
End Device: Duration of Active Scan during Association. In a Beacon system, set SD=BE of the
coordinator. SD must be set at least to the highest BE parameter of any Beaconing Coordinator with
which an end device or coordinator wants to discover.
Scan Time is measured as:
([# of channels to scan] * (2 ^SD) * 15.36 ms) + (38 ms * [# of channels to scan]) + 20 ms
Use the SC (Scan Channels) command to set the number of channels to scan. The XBee can scan up to
16 channels (SC = 0xFFFF). The XBee-PRO can scan up to 13 channels (SC= 0x1FFE).
SD influences the time the MAC listens for beacons or runs an energy scan on a given channel.

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Example
The following table shows the results for a thirteen channel scan.

SD setting Time
0 0.18 s
2 0.74 s
4 2.95 s
6 11.80 s
8 47.19 s
10 3.15 min
12 12.58 min
14 50.33 min

Parameter range
0 - 0x0F (exponent)

Default
4

A1 (End Device Association)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the End Device association options.

Parameter range
0 - 0x0F (bit field)
Bit field:

Bit Meaning Setting Description

0 Allow PanId 0 Only associates with Coordinator operating on PAN ID
reassignment that matches device ID.
1 May associate with Coordinator operating on any PAN ID.
1 Allow Channel 0 Only associates with Coordinator operating on matching
reassignment CH channel setting.

1 May associate with Coordinator operating on any channel.

2 Auto Associate 0 Device will not attempt association.
1 Device attempts association until success.
3 Poll coordinator on 0 Pin Wake does not poll the Coordinator for indirect
pin wake (pending) data.

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Bit Meaning Setting Description

1 Pin Wake sends Poll Request to Coordinator to extract
any pending data.
4-7 Reserved

Default
0

A2 (Coordinator Association)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the Coordinator association options.

Parameter range
0 - 7 (bit field)
Bit field:

Bit Meaning Setting Description

0 Allow Pan ID 0 Coordinator will not perform Active Scan to locate available PAN
reassignment ID. It operates on ID (PAN ID).
1 Coordinator performs an Active Scan to determine an available
ID (PAN ID). If a PAN ID conflict is found, the ID parameter will
change.

1 Allow Channel 0 Coordinator will not perform Energy Scan to determine free
reassignment channel. It operates on the channel determined by the CH
parameter.

1 Coordinator performs an Energy Scan to find the quietest

channel, then operates on that channel.
2 Allow 0 Coordinator will not allow any devices to associate to it.
Association
1 Coordinator allows devices to associate to it.
3-7 Reserved

The binary equivalent of the default value (0x06) is 00000110. ‘Bit 0’ is the last digit of the sequence.

Default
0

AI (Association Indication)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Reads the Association status code to monitor association progress. The following table provides the
status codes and their meanings.

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Status
code Meaning
0x00 Coordinator successfully started, End device successfully associated, or operating in peer
to peer mode where no association is needed.
0x03 Active Scan found a PAN coordinator, but it isn't currently accepting associations.
0x04 Active Scan found a PAN coordinator in a beacon-enabled network, which is not a
supported feature.
0x05 Active Scan found a PAN, but the PAN ID doesn't match the configured PAN ID on the
requesting end device and bit 0 of A1 is not set to allow reassignment of PAN ID.

0x06 Active Scan found a PAN on a channel that does not match the configured channel on the
requesting end device and bit 1 of A1 is not set to allow reassignment of the channel.

0x0C Association request failed to get a response.

0x13 End device is disassociated or is in the process of disassociating.
0xFF Initialization time; no association status has been determined yet.

Parameter range
0 - 0x13 [read-only]

Default
N/A

DA (Force Disassociation)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Causes the End Device to immediately disassociate from a Coordinator (if associated) and re-attempt
to associate.

Parameter range
-

Default
-

FP (Force Poll)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
The FP command is deferred until changes are applied. This prevents indirect messages from arriving
at the end device while it is operating in Command mode.

Parameter range
N/A

Default
N/A

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AS (Active Scan)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sends a Beacon Request to a Broadcast address (0xFFFF) and Broadcast PAN (0xFFFF) on every
channel in SC. SD determines the amount of time the device listens for Beacons on each channel. A
PanDescriptor is created and returned for every Beacon received from the scan. Each PanDescriptor
contains the following information:
CoordAddress (SH + SL parameters)<CR>

Note If MY on the coordinator is set less than 0xFFFF, the MY value is displayed.

CoordPanID (ID parameter)<CR>

CoordAddrMode <CR>
0x02 = 16-bit Short Address
0x03 = 64-bit Long Address
Channel (CH parameter) <CR>
SecurityUse<CR> - will always report 0x00
ACLEntry<CR> - will always report 0x00
SecurityFailure<CR> - will always report 0x00
SuperFrameSpec<CR> (2 bytes):
bit 15 - Association Permitted (MSB) - depending on bit 3 of A2 (Coordinator Association)
bit 14 - PAN Coordinator
bit 13 - Reserved
bit 12 - Battery Life Extension
bits 8-11 - Final CAP Slot
bits 4-7 - Superframe Order
bits 0-3 - Beacon Order
GtsPermit<CR>
RSSI<CR> (- RSSI is returned as -dBm)
TimeStamp<CR> (3 bytes)
<CR> (A carriage return <CR> is sent at the end of the AS command)
The Active Scan is capable of returning up to five PanDescriptors in a scan. The actual scan time on
each channel is measured as:
Time = [(2 ^ (SD Parameter)) * 15.36] ms.
Total scan time is this time multiplied by the number of channels to be scanned (as determined by the
SC parameter).
Refer to the scan table in SD (Scan Duration) to determine scan times. If using API Mode, no <CR>’s are
returned in the response. For more information, see Operate in API mode. If no PANs are discovered
during the scan, only one carriage return is printed.

Parameter range
0-6

Default
N/A

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ED (Energy Detect)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Starts an energy detect scan. This command accepts an argument to specify the time in milliseconds
to scan all channels. The device loops through all the available channels until the time elapses. It
returns the maximal energy on each channel, a comma follows each value, and the list ends with a
carriage return. The values returned reflect the energy level that ED detects in -dBm units.

Parameter range
0-6

Default
N/A

EE (Encryption Enable)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Enables or disables Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) encryption.
Set this command parameter the same on all devices in a network.
The firmware uses the 802.15.4 Default Security protocol and uses AES encryption with a 128-bit key.
AES encryption dictates that all devices in the network use the same key, and that the maximum RF
packet size is 95 bytes if Tx compatibility is enabled (you set bit 0 of C8). If C8, bit 0 is not set, see
Maximum payload.
When encryption is enabled, the device always uses its 64-bit long address as the source address for
RF packets. This does not affect how the MY (Source Address), DH (Destination Address High) and DL
(Destination Address Low) parameters work.
If MM (MAC Mode) is set to 1 or 2 and AP (API Enable) parameter > 0:
With encryption enabled and a 16-bit short address set, receiving devices can only issue RX
(Receive) 64-bit indicators. This is not an issue when MM = 0 or 3.
If a device with a non-matching key detects RF data, but has an incorrect key:
When encryption is enabled, non-encrypted RF packets received are rejected and are not sent out the
UART.

Parameter range
0-1

Parameter Description
0 Encryption Disabled
1 Encryption Enabled

Default
0

KY (AES Encryption Key)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets the 128-bit network security key value that the device uses for encryption and decryption.

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This command is write-only. If you attempt to read KY, the device returns an OK status.
Set this command parameter the same on all devices in a network.
The entire payload of the packet is encrypted using the key and the CRC is computed across the
ciphertext.

Parameter range
128-bit value (up to 16 bytes)

Default
0

NI (Node Identifier)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Stores the node identifier string for a device, which is a user-defined name or description of the
device. This can be up to 20 ASCII characters.
n XCTU prevents you from exceeding the string limit of 20 characters for this command. If you
are using another software application to send the string, you can enter longer strings, but the
software on the device returns an error.
Use the ND (Network Discovery) command with this string as an argument to easily identify devices on
the network.
The DN command also uses this identifier.

Parameter range
A string of case-sensitive ASCII printable characters from 1 to 20 bytes in length. The string cannot
start with the space character. A carriage return or a comma automatically ends the command.

Default
0x20 (an ASCII space character)

NP (Maximum Packet Payload Bytes)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Reads the maximum number of RF payload bytes that you can send in a transmission.
NP is based on multiple factors including the length of the source address, the length of the
destination address, the length of the APP header, and whether or not encryption is enabled.
For the purposes of this command, it always assumes a long destination address. This means that if
you select a short destination address, you will be able to send up to NP + 6 bytes in a single packet.

Note NP returns a hexadecimal value. For example, if NP returns 0x66, this is equivalent to 102 bytes.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFFFF (bytes) [read-only]

Default
N/A

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RF interfacing commands
The following AT commands are RF interfacing commands.

PL (TX Power Level)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the power level at which the device transmits conducted power. Power levels are
approximate.
For XBee-PRO, PL= 4 is calibrated and the remaining power levels are approximate. The device
recalibrates its power setting every 15 seconds based on factory calibration settings and the current
temperature.
For XBee, PL = 4, PM = 1 is tested at the time of manufacturing. Other power levels are approximate.
On channel 26, transmitter power will not exceed -5 dBm.

Parameter range
0-4
The following table shows the TX power versus the PL setting.
XBee modules

PL setting PM setting Channel(s) TX power* (dBm)

4 1 11 to 25 8
4 0 11 to 25 5
3 1 11 to 25 6
3 0 11 to 25 3
2 1 11 to 25 4
2 0 11 to 25 1
1 1 11 to 25 2
1 0 11 to 25 -1
0 1 11 to 25 -2
0 0 11 to 25 -5
X 1 26 -5
X 0 26 -8
* Highest power level is tested during manufacturing. Other power levels are approximate.

XBee-PRO modules

PL setting Channel(s) TX power* (dBm)

0 12 to 23 0

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PL setting Channel(s) TX power* (dBm)

1 12 to 23 12
2 12 to 23 15
3 12 to 23 16
4 12 to 23 18
* Highest power level is tested during manufacturing. Other power levels are approximate.

Default
4

PM (Power Mode)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Set or read the power mode of the device. Enabling boost mode improves the receive sensitivity by
2dB and increase the transmit power by 3dB.

Parameter range
0-1

Setting Meaning
0 Boost mode disabled
1 Boost mode enabled

Default
1

CA (CCA Threshold)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Set or read the Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) threshold. Prior to transmitting a packet, the device
performs a CCA to detect energy on the channel. If the device detects energy above the CCA threshold,
it will not transmit the packet.
The CA parameter is measured in units of -dBm.

Note If device is operating in Europe, this value must be set to 0x34 to comply with EN 300 328 Listen
Before Talk requirements. Alternatively the device can be set to PL3 as explained in Europe (CE).

Parameter range
0x28 - 0x50

Default
0x2C (-44 decimal dBm)

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AT commands Sleep commands

Sleep commands
The following AT commands are sleep commands.

SM (Sleep Mode)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the sleep mode of the device.
By default, Sleep Modes are disabled (SM = 0) and the device remains in Idle/Receive mode. When in
this state, the device is constantly ready to respond to either serial or RF activity.

Parameter range
0, 1, 4, 5

Parameter Description
0 No sleep (disabled)
1 Pin sleep
2 Reserved
3 Reserved
4 Cyclic Sleep Remote
5 Cyclic Sleep Remote with pin wakeup

Default
0

ST (Time before Sleep)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the wake time of the device.
The ST parameter is only valid for end devices configured with Cyclic Sleep settings (SM = 4 - 5) and
for coordinators.
Coordinator and End Device ST values must be equal.

Parameter range
1 - 0xFFFF (x 1 ms)

Default
0x1388 (5 seconds)

SP (Cyclic Sleep Period)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets and reads the duration of time that a remote device sleeps. After the cyclic sleep period is over,
the device wakes and checks for data. If data is not present, the device goes back to sleep.
The SP parameter is only valid if you configure the end device to operate in Cyclic Sleep (SM = 4-5).
Coordinator and End Device SP values should always be equal.

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To send direct messages on a coordinator, set SP = 0.

End Device: SP determines the sleep period for cyclic sleeping remotes.
Coordinator: If non-zero, SP determines the time to hold an indirect message before discarding it. A
Coordinator discards indirect messages after a period of (2.5 * SP).

Parameter range
0 - 0x15F900 (x 10 ms) (4 hours)

Default
0

DP (Disassociated Cyclic Sleep Period)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the sleep period for cyclic sleeping remotes that are configured for Association but
that are not associated to a Coordinator. For example, if a device is configured to associate and is
configured as a Cyclic Sleep remote, but does not find a Coordinator, it sleeps for DP time before
reattempting association.

Parameter range
1 - 0xFFFF

Default
0x3E8 (10 seconds)

SO (Sleep Options)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Set or read the sleep options bit field of a device. This command is a bitmask.
You can set or clear any of the available sleep option bits.

Parameter range
0 - 0x3

Bit field:

Bit Setting Meaning Description

0x01 0 Normal A device configured for cyclic sleep will poll for data on waking
operations
1 Disable A device configured for cyclic sleep will not poll for data on
wakeup poll waking
0x02 0 Normal A device configured in a sleep mode with ADC/DIO sampling
operations enabled will automatically perform a sampling on wakeup
1 Suppress A device configured in a sleep mode with ADC/DIO sampling
sample on enabled will not automatically sample on wakeup
wakeup
Set all other option bits to 0.

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Default
0

Serial interfacing commands

The following AT commands are serial interfacing commands.

BD (Interface Data Rate)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
To request non-standard baud rates with values between 1200 b/s and 250,000 b/s (0x4B0 and
0x3D090), you can use the Serial Console toolbar in XCTU to configure the serial connection (if the
console is connected), or click the Connect button (if the console is not yet connected).
When you send non-standard baud rates to a device, it stores the closest interface data rate
represented by the number in the BD register. Read the BD command by sending ATBD without a
parameter value, and the device returns the value stored in the BD register.
The RF data rate is not affected by the BD parameter.

Non-standard interface data rates

The firmware interprets any value from 0x4B0 through 0x3D090 as an actual baud rate. When the
firmware cannot configure the exact rate specified, it configures the closest approximation to that
rate. For example, to set a rate of 57600 b/s send the following command line: ATBDE100. Then, to
find out the closest approximation, send ATBD to the console window. It sends back a response of
0xE0D1, which is the closest approximation to 57600 b/s attainable by the hardware.

Note When using XCTU, you can only set and read non-standard interface data rates using the XCTU
Terminal tab. You cannot access non-standard rates through the Modem Configuration tab.

When you send the BD command with a non-standard interface data rate, the UART adjusts to
accommodate the interface rate you request. In most cases, the clock resolution causes the stored BD
parameter to vary from the sent parameter. Sending ATBD without an associated parameter value
returns the value actually stored in the device’s BD register.
The following table provides the parameters sent versus the parameters stored.

BD parameter sent (HEX) Interface data rate (b/s) BD parameter stored (HEX)
0 1200 0
4 19,200 4
7 115,200 7
E100 57,600 E0D1
1C200 115,200 1C2B8

Parameter range
Standard baud rates: 0x0 - 0x8

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Parameter Description
0x0 1200 b/s
0x1 2400 b/s
0x2 4800 b/s
0x3 9600 b/s
0x4 19200 b/s
0x5 38400 b/s
0x6 57600
0x7 115200 b/s
0x8 230400 b/s

Default
0x03 (9600 b/s)

NB (Parity)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Set or read the serial parity settings for UART communications.
The device does not actually calculate and check the parity. It only interfaces with devices at the
configured parity and stop bit settings.

Parameter range
0x00 - 0x04

Parameter Description
0x00 No parity
0x01 Even parity
0x02 Odd parity
0x03 Mark parity (forced high)

Default
0x00

RO (Packetization Timeout)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Set or read the number of character times of inter-character silence required before transmission
begins when operating in Transparent mode.
RF transmission will also commence when the maximum payload—see Maximum payload—is received
in the DI buffer.
Set RO to 0 to transmit characters as they arrive instead of buffering them into one RF packet.

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Parameter range
0 - 0xFF (x character times)

Default
3

D7 (DIO7/CTS)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the DIO7/CTS configuration (TH pin 12/SMT pin 25).

Parameter range
0, 1, 3 - 7

Parameter Description
0 Disabled
1 CTS flow control

2 N/A
3 Digital input
4 Digital output, low
5 Digital output, high
6 RS-485 Tx enable, low Tx (0 V on transmit, high when idle)
7 RS-485 Tx enable high, high Tx (high on transmit, 0 V when idle)

Default
0x1

D6 (DIO6/RTS)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the DIO6/RTS configuration (TH pin 16/SMT pin 29).

Parameter range
0, 1, 3 - 5

Parameter Description
0 Disabled
1 RTS flow control

2 N/A
3 Digital input

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Parameter Description
4 Digital output, low
5 Digital output, high

Default
0

AP (API Enable)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Set or read the API mode setting. The device can format the RF packets it receives into API frames and
send them out the serial port.
When you enable API, you must format the serial data as API frames because Transparent operating
mode is disabled.
Enables API Mode.

Parameter range
0-2

Parameter Description
0 Transparent mode, API mode is off. All UART input and output is raw data and the
device uses the RO parameter to delineate packets.

1 API Mode Without Escapes. The device packetizes all UART input and output data in
API format, without escape sequences.
2 API Mode With Escapes. The device is in API mode and inserts escaped sequences to
allow for control characters. When XON (0x11), XOFF (0x13), Escape (0x7D), and start
delimiter 0x7E are data, these bytes are escaped so that they never appear in the
data and so that they can always be interpreted with their special meanings.

Default
0

I/O settings commands

The following AT commands are I/O settings commands.

D0 (DIO0/AD0)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the DIO0/AD0 configuration (TH pin 20/SMT pin 33).

Parameter range
0, 2 - 5

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Parameter Description
0 Disabled
0 Unmonitored digital input
1 N/A
2 ADC
3 Digital input
4 Digital output, low
5 Digital output, high

Default
0

D1 (DIO1/AD1)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the DIO1/AD1 configuration (TH pin 19/SMT pin 32).

Parameter range
0-5

Parameter Description
0 Disabled
1 Commissioning button
1 SPI_ATTN for the through-hole device

2 ADC
3 Digital input
4 Digital output, low
5 Digital output, high

Default
0

D2 (DIO2/AD2)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the DIO2/AD2 configuration (TH pin 18/SMT pin 31).

Parameter range
0-5

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Parameter Description
0 Disabled
1 SPI_CLK for through-hole devices

2 ADC
3 Digital input
4 Digital output, low
5 Digital output, high

Default
0

D3 (DIO3/AD3)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the DIO3/AD3 configuration (TH pin 17/SMT pin 30).

Parameter range
0-5

Parameter Description
0 Disabled
0 Unmonitored digital input
1 SPI_SSEL for the through-hole device

1 SPI slave select

2 ADC
3 Digital input
4 Digital output, low
5 Digital output, high

Default
0

D4 (DIO4)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the DIO4 configuration (TH pin 11/SMT pin 24).

Parameter range
0, 1, 3 - 5

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Parameter Description
0 Disabled
0 Unmonitored digital input
1 SPI_MOSI for the through-hole device

2 N/A
3 Digital input
4 Digital output, low
5 Digital output, high

Default
0

D5 (DIO5/ASSOCIATED_INDICATOR)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the DIO5/ASSOCIATED_INDICATOR configuration (TH pin 15/SMT pin 28).

Parameter range
0, 1, 3 - 5

Parameter Description
0 Disabled
1 Associate LED indicator - blinks when associated

2 N/A
3 Digital input
4 Digital output, default low
5 Digital output, default high

Default
1

D8 (DIO8/SLEEP_REQUEST)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the DI8/DTR/SLP_RQ configuration (TH pin 9/SMT pin 10).
This line is also used with Pin Sleep, but pin sleep ignores the D8 configuration. It is always used to
control pin sleep, regardless of configuration of D8.

Note When using Pin sleep, the internal pull up/down resistor is not used

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Parameter range
0, 3

Parameter Description
0 Disabled
1 N/A
2 N/A
3 Digital input
4 N/A
5 N/A

Default
0

P0 (RSSI/PWM0 Configuration)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the RSSI/PWM0 configuration ().
This command enables the option of translating incoming data to a PWM so that the output can be
translated back into analog form.
If the IA (I/O Input Address) parameter is correctly set and P0 is configured as PWM0 output, incoming
AD0 samples automatically modify the PWM0 value.

Parameter range
0-2

Parameter Description
0 Disabled
1 RSSI PWM0 output
2 PWM0 output

Default
1

P1 (PWM1 Configuration)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the PWM1 configuration (TH pin 7/SMT pin 8).
If IA (I/O Input Address) is correctly set and P1 is configured as PWM1 output, incoming AD0 samples
automatically modify the PWM1 value.

Parameter range
0, 2

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 109

AT commands I/O settings commands

Parameter Description
0 Disabled
2 PWM1 output

Default
0

P2 (SPI_MISO)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the SPI_MISO configuration (TH pin 4/SMT pin 17). This only applies to through-hole
devices.

Parameter range
0-1

Parameter Description
0 Disabled
1 SPI_MISO

Default
0

M0 (PWM0 Duty Cycle)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
The duty cycle of the PWM0 line (TH pin 6/SMT pin 7).
Use the P0 command to configure the line as a PWM output.
If the IA (I/O Input Address) parameter is correctly set and P0 is configured as PWM0 output, incoming
AD0 samples automatically modify the PWM0 value.
Before setting the line as an output:

1. Enable PWM0 output (P0 = 2).

2. Apply settings (use CN or AC).
To configure the duty cycle of PWM0:
The PWM period is 64 µs and there are 0x03FF (1023 decimal) steps within this period. When M0 = 0
(0% PWM), 0x01FF (50% PWM), 0x03FF (100% PWM), and so forth.

Parameter range
0 - 0x3FF

Default
0

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 110

AT commands I/O settings commands

M1 (PWM1 Duty Cycle)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
The duty cycle of the PWM1 line (TH pin 7/SMT pin 8).
Use the P1 command to configure the line as a PWM output.
Before setting the line as an output:

1. Enable PWM1 output (P1 = 2).

2. Apply settings (use CN or AC)

Parameter range
0 - 0x3FF

Default
0

P5 (SPI_MISO)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the SPI_MISO configuration.
This only applies to surface-mount devices.

Parameter range
0, 1

Parameter Description
0 Disabled
1 SPI_MISO

Default
1

P6 (SPI_MOSI Configuration)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the SPI_MOSI configuration.
This only applies to surface-mount devices.

Parameter range
0, 1

Parameter Description
0 Disabled
1 SPI_MOSI

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 111

AT commands I/O settings commands

Default
1

P7 (SPI_SSEL )
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the SPI_SSEL configuration.
This only applies to surface-mount devices.

Parameter range
1, 2

Parameter Description
0 Disabled
1 SPI_SSEL

Default
1

P8 (SPI_SCLK)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the DIO18/SPI_CLK configuration.
This only applies to surface-mount devices.

Parameter range
1, 2

Parameter Description
0 Disabled
1 SPI_SCLK

Default
1

P9 (SPI_ATTN)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the SPI_ATTN configuration (pin 12).
This only applies to surface-mount devices.

Parameter range
1, 2

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AT commands I/O settings commands

Parameter Description
0 Disabled
1 SPI_ATTN

Default
1

PR (Pull-up/Down Resistor Enable)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
The bit field that configures the internal pull-up/down resistor status for the I/O lines.
n If you set a PR bit to 1, it enables the pull-up/down resistor
n If you set a PR bit to 0, it specifies no internal pull-up/down resistor.
The PD (Pull Direction) parameter determines the direction of the internal pull-up/down resistor.

Note When using Pin sleep, the internal pull up/down resistor is not used

PR and PD only affect lines that are configured as digital inputs or disabled.
The following table defines the bit-field map for PR and PD commands.

Bit I/O line

0 DIO4 (pin 11)

1 AD3/DIO3 (pin 17)

2 AD2/DIO2 (pin 18)
3 AD1/DIO1 (pin 19)
4 AD0/DIO0 (pin 20)
5 RTS/DIO6 (pin 16)

6 DI8/SLEEP_RQ (pin 9)
7 DIN/CONFIG (pin 3)

Parameter range
0 - 0xFF (bit field)

Default
0xFF

Example
Sending the command ATPR 6F turn bits 0, 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 ON, and bits 4 and 7 OFF. The binary
equivalent of 0x6F is 01101111. Bit 0 is the last digit in the bit field.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 113

AT commands I/O settings commands

PD (Pull Up/Down Direction)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
The resistor pull direction bit field (1 = pull-up, 0 = pull-down) for corresponding I/O lines that are set
by the PR command.
See PR (Pull-up/Down Resistor Enable) for the bit mappings.

Parameter range
0x0 - 0xFF

Default
0xFF

IU (I/O Output Enable)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
The IU command disables or enables I/O UART output. When enabled (IU = 1), received I/O line data
packets are sent out the UART. The data is sent using an API frame regardless of the current AP
parameter value.

Parameter range
0-1

Parameter Description
0 Disabled
1 Enabled

Default
1

IT (Samples before TX)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the number of samples to collect before transmitting data. The maximum number of
samples is dependent on the number of enabled I/O lines and the maximum payload available.
If IT is set to a number too big to fit in the maximum payload, it is reduced such that it will fit. A query
of IT after setting it reports the actual number of samples in a packet.

Parameter range
0x1 - 0xFF

Default
1

IS (Force Sample)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 114

AT commands I/O settings commands

Forces a read of all enabled digital and analog input lines. The data is returned through the UART or
SPI.
When operating in Transparent mode (AP = 0), the data is returned in the following format:
All bytes are converted to ASCII:
number of samples<CR>
channel mask<CR>
DIO data<CR> (If DIO lines are enabled)
ADC channel Data<CR> (This will repeat for every enabled ADC channel)
<CR> (end of data noted by extra <CR>)
When operating in API mode (AP = 1), the command immediately returns an OK response. The data
follows in the normal API format for DIO data.

Parameter range
N/A

Default
N/A

IO (Digital Output Level)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets digital output levels. This allows DIO lines setup as outputs to be changed through Command
mode.

Parameter range
8-bit bit map; each bit represents the level of an I/O line set up as an output

Default
N/A

IC (DIO Change Detect)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Set or read the digital I/O pins to monitor for changes in the I/O state.
Each bit enables monitoring of DIO0 - DIO7 for changes. If detected, data is transmitted with DIO data
only. Any samples queued waiting for transmission is sent first.
Set unused bits to 0.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFFFF (bit field)

Default
0

IR (Sample Rate)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 115

AT commands I/O line passing commands

Set or read the I/O sample rate to enable periodic sampling. When set, this parameter causes the
device to sample all enabled DIO and ADC at a specified interval.
To enable periodic sampling, set IR to a non-zero value, and enable the analog or digital I/O
functionality of at least one device pin (see D0 (DIO0/AD0) -D8 (DIO8/SLEEP_REQUEST), P0
(RSSI/PWM0 Configuration) -P2 (SPI_MISO).

WARNING! If you set IR to 1 or 2, the device will not keep up and many samples will be
lost.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFFFF (x 1 ms)

Default
0

RP (RSSI PWM Timer)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
The PWM timer expiration in 0.1 seconds. RP sets the duration of pulse width modulation (PWM)
signal output on the RSSI pin. The signal duty cycle updates with each received packet and shuts off
when the timer expires.
When RP = 0xFF, the output is always on.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFF (x 100 ms)

Default
0x28 (four seconds)

I/O line passing commands

The following AT commands are I/O line passing commands.
I/O Line Passing allows the digital and analog inputs of a remote device to affect the corresponding
outputs of the local device.
You can perform Digital Line Passing on any of the Digital I/O lines. Digital Inputs directly map to
Digital Outputs of each digital pin.
Analog Line Passing can be performed only on the first two ADC lines:
n ADC0 corresponds with PWM0
n ADC1 corresponds with PWM1

IA (I/O Input Address)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
The source address of the device to which outputs are bound. Setting all bytes to 0xFF disables I/O
line passing. Setting IA to 0xFFFF allows any I/O packet addressed to this device (including
broadcasts) to change the outputs.

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AT commands I/O line passing commands

The source address of the device to which outputs are bound. If an I/O sample is received from the
address specified, any pin that is configured as a digital output or PWM changes its state to match
that of the I/O sample.
Set IA to 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF to disable I/O line passing.
Set IA to 0xFFFF to allow any I/O packet addressed to this device (including broadcasts) to change the
outputs.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFFFF FFFF FFFF FFFF

Default
0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF (I/O line passing disabled)

T0 (D0 Timeout)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Specifies how long pin D0 holds a given value before it reverts to configured value. If set to 0, there is
no timeout.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFF (x 100 ms)

Default
0xFF

T1 (D1 Output Timeout)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Specifies how long pin D1 holds a given value before it reverts to configured value. If set to 0, there is
no timeout.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFF (x 100 ms)

Default
0xFF

T2 (D2 Output Timeout)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Specifies how long pin D2 holds a given value before it reverts to configured value. If set to 0, there is
no timeout.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFF (x 100 ms)

Default
0xFF

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AT commands I/O line passing commands

T3 (D3 Output Timeout)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Specifies how long pin D3 holds a given value before it reverts to configured value. If set to 0, there is
no timeout.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFF (x 100 ms)

Default
0xFF

T4 (D4 Output Timeout)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Specifies how long pin D4 holds a given value before it reverts to configured value. If set to 0, there is
no timeout.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFF (x 100 ms)

Default
0xFF

T5 (D5 Output Timeout)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Specifies how long pin D5 holds a given value before it reverts to configured value. If set to 0, there is
no timeout.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFF (x 100 ms)

Default
0xFF

T6 (D6 Output Timeout)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Specifies how long pin D6 holds a given value before it reverts to configured value. If set to 0, there is
no timeout.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFF (x 100 ms)

Default
0xFF

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AT commands Diagnostic commands

T7 (D7 Output Timeout)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Specifies how long pin D7 holds a given value before it reverts to configured value. If set to 0, there is
no timeout.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFF (x 100 ms)

Default
0xFF

PT (PWM Output Timeout)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Specifies how long both PWM outputs (P0, P1) output a given PWM signal before it reverts to the
configured value (M0/M1). If set to 0, there is no timeout. This timeout only affects these pins when
they are configured as PWM output.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFF (x 100 ms)

Default
0xFF

Diagnostic commands
The following AT commands are diagnostic commands. Diagnostic commands are typically volatile
and will not persist across a power cycle.

VR (Firmware Version)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Reads the firmware version on a device.
Firmware version numbers have four significant digits. The reported number shows three or four
numbers in hexadecimal notation. A version is reported as ABCD. Digits ABC are the main release
number and D is the revision number from the main release. D is not required and if it is not present, a
zero is assumed for D. B is a variant designator.

Parameter range
0x2000 - 0x20FF

Default
Set in the factory

VL (Version Long)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Shows detailed version information including the application build date and time.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 119

AT commands Diagnostic commands

Parameter range
N/A

Default
N/A

HV (Hardware Version)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Display the hardware version number of the device.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFFFF [read-only]

Default
Set in firmware

DB (Last Packet RSSI)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Reports the RSSI in -dBm of the last received RF data packet. DB returns a hexadecimal value for the -
dBm measurement.
For example, if DB returns 0x60, then the RSSI of the last packet received was -96 dBm.
If the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module has been reset and has not yet received a packet, DB
reports 0.
This value is volatile—the value does not persist in the device's memory after a power-up sequence.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFF [read-only]

Default
N/A

EC (CCA Failures)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Resets or displays the count of Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) failures. This register increments
when the device does not transmit a packet because it detected energy above the CCA threshold level
set with CA command. This count saturates at its maximum value. Set the count to zero to reset the
count.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFFFF

Default
N/A

EA (ACK Failures)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 120

AT commands Command mode options

Resets or displays the count of acknowledgment failures. This register increments when the device
expires the retries without receiving an ACK on a packet transmission. This count saturates at its
maximum value. Set the count to zero to reset the count.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFFFF

Default
N/A

DD (Device Type Identifier)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Stores the Digi device type identifier value. Use this value to differentiate between multiple XBee
devices.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFFFFFFFF

Default
0x10000

Command mode options

The following commands are Command mode option commands.

CT (Command mode Timeout)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Sets or displays the Command mode timeout parameter. If a device does not receive any valid
commands within this time period, it returns to Idle mode from Command mode.

Parameter range
2 - 0x1770 (x 100 ms)

Default
0x64 (10 seconds)

CN (Exit Command mode)

This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Exits Command mode and returns the product family to Idle mode.

Parameter range
N/A

Default
N/A

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AT commands Command mode options

AC (Apply Changes)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Immediately applies new settings without exiting Command mode.
Applying changes means that the device is re-initialized based on changes made to its parameter
values. Once changes are applied, the device immediately operates according to the new parameter
values.
This behavior is in contrast to issuing the WR (Write) command. The WR command saves parameter
values to non-volatile memory, but the device still operates according to previously saved values until
the device is rebooted or the CN (Exit AT Command Mode) or AC commands are issued. For more
information, see Queue Local AT Command Request - 0x09.

Parameter range
N/A

Default
N/A

GT (Guard Times)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
Set the required period of silence before and after the command sequence characters of the
Command mode sequence (GT + CC + GT). The period of silence prevents inadvertently entering
Command mode.

Parameter range
0x2 - 0xCE4 (x 1 ms)

Default
0x3E8 (one second)

CC (Command Character)
This command applies to the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
The character value the device uses to enter Command mode.
The default value (0x2B) is the ASCII code for the plus (+) character. You must enter it three times
within the guard time to enter Command mode. To enter Command mode, there is also a required
period of silence before and after the command sequence characters of the Command mode
sequence (GT + CC + GT). The period of silence prevents inadvertently entering Command mode.

Parameter range
0 - 0xFF

Default
0x2B (the ASCII plus character: +)

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 122

 Operate in API mode

API mode overview 124

API frame specifications 124
Escaped characters in API frames 127
Frame descriptions 128

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 123

Operate in API mode API mode overview

API mode overview

As an alternative to Transparent operating mode, you can use API operating mode. API mode provides
a structured interface where data is communicated through the serial interface in organized packets
and in a determined order. This enables you to establish complex communication between devices
without having to define your own protocol. The API specifies how commands, command responses
and device status messages are sent and received from the device using the serial interface or the
SPI interface.
We may add new frame types to future versions of firmware, so build the ability to filter out additional
API frames with unknown frame types into your software interface.

API frame specifications

The firmware supports two API operating modes: without escaped characters and with escaped
characters. Use the AP command to enable either mode. To configure a device to one of these modes,
set the following AP parameter values:

AP command
setting Description
AP = 0 Transparent operating mode, UART serial line replacement with API modes
disabled. This is the default option.
AP = 1 API operation.
AP = 2 API operation with escaped characters (only possible on UART).

The API data frame structure differs depending on what mode you choose.
The firmware silently discards any data it receives prior to the start delimiter. If the device does not
receive the frame correctly or if the checksum fails, the device discards the frame.

API operation (AP parameter = 1)

We recommend this API mode for most applications. The following table shows the data frame
structure when you enable this mode:

Frame fields Byte Description

Start delimiter 1 0x7E
Length 2-3 Most Significant Byte, Least Significant Byte
Frame data 4-n API-specific structure
Checksum n+1 1 byte

API operation-with escaped characters (AP parameter = 2)

Set API to 2 to allow escaped control characters in the API frame. Due to its increased complexity, we
only recommend this API mode in specific circumstances. API 2 may help improve reliability if the
serial interface to the device is unstable or malformed frames are frequently being generated.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 124

Operate in API mode API frame specifications

When operating in API 2, if an unescaped 0x7E byte is observed, it is treated as the start of a new API
frame and all data received prior to this delimiter is silently discarded. For more information on using
this API mode, refer to the following knowledge base article:
http://knowledge.digi.com/articles/Knowledge_Base_Article/Escaped-Characters-and-API-Mode-2
The following table shows the structure of an API frame with escaped characters:

Frame fields Byte Description

Start delimiter 1 0x7E
Length 2-3 Most Significant Byte, Least Significant Byte Characters escaped if needed
Frame data 4-n API-specific structure
Checksum n+1 1 byte

Escape characters
When sending or receiving a UART data frame, you must escape (flag) specific data values so they do
not interfere with the data frame sequencing. To escape an interfering data byte, insert 0x7D and
follow it with the byte to be escaped XOR’d with 0x20. If not escaped, 0x11 and 0x13 are sent as is.
Data bytes that need to be escaped:
n 0x7E – Frame delimiter
n 0x7D – Escape
n 0x11 – XON
n 0x13 – XOFF
Example - Raw UART data frame (before escaping interfering bytes): 0x7E 0x00 0x02 0x23 0x11 0xCB
0x11 needs to be escaped which results in the following frame: 0x7E 0x00 0x02 0x23 0x7D 0x31 0xCB

Note In the previous example, the length of the raw data (excluding the checksum) is 0x0002 and the
checksum of the non-escaped data (excluding frame delimiter and length) is calculated as:
0xFF - (0x23 + 0x11) = (0xFF - 0x34) = 0xCB.

Start delimiter
This field indicates the beginning of a frame. It is always 0x7E. This allows the device to easily detect a
new incoming frame.

Length
The length field specifies the total number of bytes included in the frame's data field. Its two-byte
value excludes the start delimiter, the length, and the checksum.

Frame data
This field contains the information that a device receives or will transmit. The structure of frame data
depends on the purpose of the API frame:

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 125

Operate in API mode API frame specifications

Frame data
Start Frame
delimiter Length type Data Checksum
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ... n n+1
0x7E MSB LSB API frame type Data Single byte

n Frame type is the API frame type identifier. It determines the type of API frame and indicates
how the Data field organizes the information.
n Data contains the data itself. This information and its order depend on the what type of frame
that the Frame type field defines.

Checksum
Checksum is the last byte of the frame and helps test data integrity. It is calculated by taking the hash
sum of all the API frame bytes that came before it, except the first three bytes (start delimiter and
length).
The device does not process frames sent through the serial interface with incorrect checksums, and
ignores their data.

Calculate and verify checksums

To calculate the checksum of an API frame:

1. Add all bytes of the packet, except the start delimiter 0x7E and the length (the second and
third bytes).
2. Keep only the lowest 8 bits from the result.
3. Subtract this quantity from 0xFF.
To verify the checksum of an API frame:

1. Add all bytes including the checksum; do not include the delimiter and length.
2. If the checksum is correct, the last two digits on the far right of the sum equal 0xFF.

Example
Consider the following sample data packet: 7E 00 0A 01 01 50 01 00 48 65 6C 6C 6F B8

Byte(s) Description
7E Start delimiter
00 0A Length bytes
01 API identifier
01 API frame ID
50 01 Destination address low
00 Option byte

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Operate in API mode Escaped characters in API frames

Byte(s) Description
48 65 6C 6C 6F Data packet
B8 Checksum

To calculate the check sum you add all bytes of the packet, excluding the frame delimiter 7E and the
length (the second and third bytes):
7E 00 0A 01 01 50 01 00 48 65 6C 6C 6F B8
Add these hex bytes:
01 + 01 + 50 + 01 + 00 + 48 + 65 + 6C + 6C + 6F = 247
Now take the result of 0x247 and keep only the lowest 8 bits which, in this example, is 0x47 (the two
far right digits). Subtract 0x47 from 0xFF and you get 0xB8 (0xFF - 0x47 = 0xB8). 0xB8 is the checksum
for this data packet.
If an API data packet is composed with an incorrect checksum, the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF
Module will consider the packet invalid and will ignore the data.
To verify the check sum of an API packet add all bytes including the checksum (do not include the
delimiter and length) and if correct, the last two far right digits of the sum will equal FF.
01 + 01 + 50 + 01 + 00 + 48 + 65 + 6C + 6C + 6F + B8 = 2FF

Escaped characters in API frames

If operating in API mode with escaped characters (AP parameter = 2), when sending or receiving a
serial data frame, specific data values must be escaped (flagged) so they do not interfere with the
data frame sequencing. To escape an interfering data byte, insert 0x7D and follow it with the byte to
be escaped (XOR'ed with 0x20).
The following data bytes need to be escaped:
n 0x7E: start delimiter
n 0x7D: escape character
n 0x11: XON
n 0x13: XOFF
To escape a character:

1. Insert 0x7D (escape character).

2. Append it with the byte you want to escape, XOR'ed with 0x20.
In API mode with escaped characters, the length field does not include any escape characters in the
frame and the firmware calculates the checksum with non-escaped data.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 127

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Frame descriptions
The following sections describe the API frames.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 128

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

64-bit Transmit Request - 0x00

Response frame: Transmit Status - 0x89

Description
This frame type is used to send serial payload data as an RF packet to a remote device with a
corresponding 64-bit IEEE address.

Note This frame format is deprecated and should only be used by customers who require
compatibility with legacy Digi RF products. For new designs, we encourage you to use Transmit
Request frame - 0x10 to initiate API transmissions.

Format
The following table provides the contents of the frame. For details on frame structure, see API frame
format.

Offset Size Frame Field Description

0 8-bit Start Indicates the start of an API frame.
Delimiter
1 16-bit Length Number of bytes between the length and checksum.
3 8-bit Frame type 64-bit Transmit Request - 0x00

4 8-bit Frame ID Identifies the data frame for the host to correlate with a
subsequent response.
If set to 0, the device will not emit a response frame.

5 64-bit Destination Set to the 64-bit IEEE address of the destination device.
address If set to 0x000000000000FFFF, the broadcast address is used.

13 8-bit Options A bit field of options that affect the outgoing transmission:
n Bit 0: Disable MAC ACK [0x01]
n Bit 1: Reserved (set to 0)
n Bit 2: Send packet with Broadcast PAN ID [0x04]
l 802.15.4 firmwares only

Note Option values may be combined. Set all unused bits to

0.

14-n variable RF data The serial data to be sent to the destination. Use NP to query
the maximum payload size that can be supported based on
current settings.

EOF 8-bit Checksum 0xFF minus the 8-bit sum of bytes from offset 3 to this byte
(between length and checksum).

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Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Examples
Each example is written without escapes (AP = 1) and all bytes are represented in hex format. For
brevity, the start delimiter, length, and checksum fields have been excluded.

64-bit unicast
Sending a unicast transmission to a device with the 64-bit address of 0013A20012345678 with the
serial data "TxData".
The corresponding Transmit Status - 0x89 response with a matching Frame ID will indicate whether
the transmission succeeded.

7E 00 11 00 52 00 13 A2 00 12 34 56 78 00 54 78 44 61 74 61 9E

Frame type Frame ID 64-bit dest address Tx options RF data

0x00 0x52 0x0013A200 0x00 0x547844617461
12345678
Input Matches response "TxData"

64-bit broadcast
Sending a broadcast transmission of the serial data "Broadcast" and suppressing the corresponding
response by setting Frame ID to 0.

7E 00 14 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 FF FF 00 42 72 6F 61 64 63 61 73 74 6E

Frame type Frame ID 64-bit dest address Tx options RF data

0x00 0x00 0x00000000 0x00 0x42726F616463617374
0000FFFF

Input Suppress response Broadcast address "Broadcast"

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 130

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

16-bit Transmit Request - 0x01

Response frame: Transmit Status - 0x89

Description
This frame type is used to send serial payload data as an RF packet to a remote device with a
corresponding 16-bit network address.

Note This frame format is deprecated and should only be used by customers who require
compatibility with legacy Digi RF products. For new designs, we encourage you to use Transmit
Request - 0x10 to initiate API transmissions.

Format
The following table provides the contents of the frame. For details on frame structure, see API frame
format.

Offset Size Frame Field Description

0 8-bit Start Indicates the start of an API frame.
Delimiter
1 16-bit Length Number of bytes between the length and checksum.
3 8-bit Frame type 16-bit Transmit Request - 0x01

4 8-bit Frame ID Identifies the data frame for the host to correlate with a
subsequent response.
If set to 0, the device will not emit a response frame.

5 16-bit Destination Set to the 16-bit network address of the destination device.
address If set to 0xFFFF, the broadcast address is used.

7 8-bit Options A bit field of options that affect the outgoing transmission:
n Bit 0: Disable MAC ACK [0x01]
n Bit 1: Reserved (set to 0)
n Bit 2: Send packet with Broadcast PAN ID [0x04]
l 802.15.4 firmwares only

Note Option values may be combined. Set all unused bits to

0.

8-n variable RF data The serial data to be sent to the destination. Use NP to query
the maximum payload size that can be supported based on
current settings.

EOF 8-bit Checksum 0xFF minus the 8-bit sum of bytes from offset 3 to this byte
(between length and checksum).

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 131

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Examples
Each example is written without escapes (AP = 1) and all bytes are represented in hex format. For
brevity, the start delimiter, length, and checksum fields have been excluded.

16-bit unicast
Sending a unicast transmission to a device with the 16-bit address of 1234 with the serial data
"TxData".
The corresponding Transmit Status - 0x89 response with a matching Frame ID will indicate whether
the transmission succeeded.

7E 00 0B 01 87 12 34 00 54 78 44 61 74 61 EB

Frame type Frame ID 16-bit dest address Tx options RF data

0x01 0x87 0x1234 0x00 0x547844617461
Input Matches response "TxData"

16-bit broadcast
Sending a broadcast transmission of the serial data "Broadcast" and suppressing the corresponding
response by setting Frame ID to 0.

7E 00 0E 01 00 FF FF 00 42 72 6F 61 64 63 61 73 74 6D

Frame type Frame ID 16-bit dest address Tx options RF data

0x01 0x00 0xFFFF 0x00 0x42726F616463617374
Input Suppress response Broadcast address "Broadcast"

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 132

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Local AT Command Request - 0x08

Response frame: Local AT Command Response - 0x88

Description
This frame type is used to query or set command parameters on the local device. Any parameter that
is set with this frame type will apply the change immediately. If you wish to queue multiple parameter
changes and apply them later, use the Queue Local AT Command Request - 0x09 instead.
When querying parameter values, this frame behaves identically to Queue Local AT Command Request
- 0x09: You can query parameter values by sending this frame with a command but no parameter
value field—the two-byte AT command is immediately followed by the frame checksum. When an AT
command is queried, a Local AT Command Response - 0x88 frame is populated with the parameter
value that is currently set on the device. The Frame ID of the 0x88 response is the same one set by the
command in the 0x08 request frame.

Format
The following table provides the contents of the frame. For details on frame structure, see API frame
format.

Offset Size Frame Field Description

0 8-bit Start Delimiter Indicates the start of an API frame.
1 16-bit Length Number of bytes between the length and checksum.
3 8-bit Frame type Local AT Command Request - 0x08

4 8-bit Frame ID Identifies the data frame for the host to correlate with a
subsequent response.
If set to0, the device will not emit a response frame.

5 16-bit AT command The two ASCII characters that identify the AT Command.

7-n variable Parameter If present, indicates the requested parameter value to set
value the given register.
(optional) If no characters are present, it queries the current
parameter value and returns the result in the response.

EOF 8-bit Checksum 0xFF minus the 8-bit sum of bytes from offset 3 to this byte
(between length and checksum).

Examples
Each example is written without escapes (AP = 1) and all bytes are represented in hex format. For
brevity, the start delimiter, length, and checksum fields have been excluded.

Set the local command parameter

Set the NI string of the radio to "End Device".
The corresponding Local AT Command Response - 0x88 with a matching Frame ID will indicate
whether the parameter change succeeded.

7E 00 0E 08 A1 4E 49 45 6E 64 20 44 65 76 69 63 65 38

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Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Frame type Frame ID AT command Parameter value

0x08 0xA1 0x4E49 0x456E6420446576696365
Request Matches response "NI" "End Device"

Query local command parameter

Query the temperature of the module—TP command.
The corresponding Local AT Command Response - 0x88 with a matching Frame ID will return the
temperature value.

7E 00 04 08 17 54 50 3C

Frame type Frame ID AT command Parameter value

0x08 0x17 0x5450 (omitted)
Request Matches response "TP" Query the parameter

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 134

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Queue Local AT Command Request - 0x09

Response frame: Local AT Command Response - 0x88

Description
This frame type is used to query or set queued command parameters on the local device. In contrast
to Local AT Command Request - 0x08, this frame queues new parameter values and does not apply
them until you either:
n Issue a Local AT Command using the 0x08 frame
n Issue an AC command—queued or otherwise
When querying parameter values, this frame behaves identically to Local AT Command Request - 0x08:
You can query parameter values by sending this frame with a command but no parameter value
field—the two-byte AT command is immediately followed by the frame checksum. When an AT
command is queried, a Local AT Command Response - 0x88 frame is populated with the parameter
value that is currently set on the device. The Frame ID of the 0x88 response is the same one set by the
command in the 0x09 request frame.

Format
The following table provides the contents of the frame. For details on frame structure, see API frame
specifications.

Offset Size Frame Field Description

0 8-bit Start Delimiter Indicates the start of an API frame.
1 16-bit Length Number of bytes between the length and checksum.
3 8-bit Frame type Queue Local AT Command Request - 0x09

4 8-bit Frame ID Identifies the data frame for the host to correlate with a
subsequent response.
If set to0, the device will not emit a response frame.

5 16-bit AT command The two ASCII characters that identify the AT Command.

7-n variable Parameter If present, indicates the requested parameter value to set
value the given register at a later time.
(optional) If no characters are present, it queries the current
parameter value and returns the result in the response.

EOF 8-bit Checksum 0xFF minus the 8-bit sum of bytes from offset 3 to this byte
(between length and checksum).

Examples
Each example is written without escapes (AP = 1) and all bytes are represented in hex format. For
brevity, the start delimiter, length, and checksum fields have been excluded.

Queue setting local command parameter

Set the UART baud rate to 115200, but do not apply changes immediately.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 135

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

The device will continue to operate at the current baud rate until the change is applied with a
subsequent AC command.
The corresponding Local AT Command Response - 0x88 with a matching Frame ID will indicate
whether the parameter change succeeded.

7E 00 05 09 53 42 44 07 16

Frame type Frame ID AT command Parameter value

0x09 0x53 0x4244 0x07
Request Matches response "BD" 7 = 115200 baud

Query local command parameter

Query the temperature of the module (TP command).
The corresponding Local AT Command Response - 0x88 frame with a matching Frame ID will return
the temperature value.

7E 00 04 09 17 54 50 3B

Frame type Frame ID AT command Parameter value

0x09 0x17 0x5450 (omitted)
Request Matches response "TP" Query the parameter

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 136

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Remote AT Command Request - 0x17

Response frame: Remote AT Command Response- 0x97

Description
This frame type is used to query or set AT command parameters on a remote device.
For parameter changes on the remote device to take effect, you must apply changes, either by setting
the Apply Changes options bit, or by sending an AC command to the remote.
When querying parameter values you can query parameter values by sending this framewith a
command but no parameter value field—the two-byte AT command is immediately followed by the
frame checksum. When an AT command is queried, a Remote AT Command Response- 0x97 frame is
populated with the parameter value that is currently set on the device. The Frame ID of the 0x97
response is the same one set by the command in the 0x17 request frame.

Note Remote AT Command Requests should only be issued as unicast transmissions to avoid
potential network disruption. Broadcasts are not acknowledged, so there is no guarantee all devices
will receive the request. Responses are returned immediately by all receiving devices, which can cause
congestion on a large network.

Format
The following table provides the contents of the frame. For details on frame structure, see API frame
specifications.

Offset Size Frame Field Description

0 8-bit Start Indicates the start of an API frame.
Delimiter
1 16-bit Length Number of bytes between the length and checksum.
3 8-bit Frame type Remote AT Command Request - 0x17.

4 8-bit Frame ID Identifies the data frame for the host to correlate with a
subsequent response.
If set to 0, the device will not emit a response frame.

5 64-bit 64-bit Set to the 64-bit IEEE address of the destination device.
destination
address
13 16-bit Reserved Unused, but this field is typically set to 0xFFFE.

15 8-bit Remote Bit field of options that apply to the remote AT command
command request:
options
n Bit 0: Disable ACK [0x01]
n Bit 1: Apply changes on remote [0x02]
l If not set, changes will not applied until the device
receives an AC command or a subsequent
command change is received with this bit set

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 137

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Offset Size Frame Field Description

n Bit 2: Reserved (set to 0)
n Bit 3: Reserved (set to 0)
n Bit 4: Send the remote command securely [0x10]

Note Option values may be combined. Set all unused bits to 0.

16 16-bit AT command The two ASCII characters that identify the AT Command.

18-n variable Parameter If present, indicates the requested parameter value to set the
value given register.
(optional) If no characters are present, it queries the current parameter
value and returns the result in the response.

EOF 8-bit Checksum 0xFF minus the 8-bit sum of bytes from offset 3 to this byte
(between length and checksum).

Examples
Each example is written without escapes—AP = 1—and all bytes are represented in hex format. For
brevity, the start delimiter, length, and checksum fields have been excluded.

Set remote command parameter

Set the NI string of a device with the 64-bit address of 0013A20012345678 to "Remote" and apply the
change immediately.
The corresponding Remote AT Command Response- 0x97 with a matching Frame ID will indicate
success.

7E 00 15 17 27 00 13 A2 00 12 34 56 78 FF FE 02 4E 49 52 65 6D 6F 74 65 F6

Frame Command AT
type Frame ID 64-bit dest Reserved options command Parameter value
0x17 0x27 0x0013A200 0xFFFE 0x02 0x4E49 0x52656D6F7465
12345678
Request Matches Unused Apply "NI" "Remote"
response Change

Queue remote command parameter change

Change the PAN ID of a remote device so it can migrate to a new PAN, since this change would cause
network disruption, the change is queued so that it can be made active later with a subsequent AC
command or written to flash with a queued WR command so the change will be active after a power
cycle.
The corresponding Remote AT Command Response- 0x97 with a matching Frame ID will indicate
success.

7E 00 11 17 68 00 13 A2 00 12 34 56 78 FF FE 00 49 44 04 51 D8

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Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Frame Command AT Parameter

type Frame ID 64-bit dest Reserved options command value
0x17 0x68 0x0013A200 0xFFFE 0x00 0x4944 0x0451
12345678
Request Matches Unused Queue Change "ID"
response

Query remote command parameter

Query the temperature of a remote device—TP command.
The corresponding Remote AT Command Response- 0x97 with a matching Frame ID will return the
temperature value.

7E 00 0F 17 FA 00 13 A2 00 12 34 56 78 FF FE 00 54 50 84

Frame Command AT Parameter

type Frame ID 64-bit dest Reserved options command value
0x17 0xFA 0x0013A200 0xFFFE 0x00 0x5450 (omitted)
12345678
Request Matches Unused N/A "TP" Query the
response parameter

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 139

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

64-bit Receive Packet - 0x80

Request frames:
n Transmit Request - 0x10
n 64-bit Transmit Request - 0x00
n 16-bit Transmit Request - 0x01

Description
This frame type is emitted when a device configured with legacy API output— = 2—receives an RF data
packet from a device configured to use 64-bit source addressing—MY = 0xFFFE.

Note This frame format is deprecated and should only be used by customers who require
compatibility with legacy Digi RF products. For new designs, we encourage you to use Receive Packet -
0x90 for reception of API transmissions.

Format
The following table provides the contents of the frame. For details on frame structure, see API frame
specifications.

Frame
Offset Size Field Description
0 8-bit Start Indicates the start of an API frame.
Delimiter
1 16-bit Length Number of bytes between the length and checksum.
3 8-bit Frame type 64-bit Receive Packet - 0x80
4 64-bit 64-bit The sender's 64-bit IEEE address.
source
address
12 8-bit RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator. The Hexadecimal equivalent
of (-dBm) value. For example if RX signal strength is -40 dBm,
then 0x28 (40 decimal) is returned.
13 8-bit Options Bit field of options that apply to the received message:
n Bit 0: Reserved
n Bit 1: Packet was sent as a broadcast [0x02]
n Bit 2: 802.15.4 only - Packet was broadcast across all
PANs [0x04]

Note Option values may be combined.

14-n variable RF data The RF payload data that the device receives.

EOF 8-bit Checksum 0xFF minus the 8-bit sum of bytes from offset 3 to this byte
(between length and checksum).

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 140

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Examples
Each example is written without escapes (AP = 1) and all bytes are represented in hex format. For
brevity, the start delimiter, length, and checksum fields have been excluded.

64-bit unicast
A device with the 64-bit address of 0013A20087654321 sent a unicast transmission to a specific
device with the payload of "TxData". The following frame is emitted if the destination is configured
with AO = 2.

7E 00 11 80 00 13 A2 00 12 34 56 78 5E 01 54 78 44 61 74 61 11

Frame type 64-bit source RSSI Rx options Received data

0x80 0x0013A200 0x5E 0x01 0x547844617461
87654321

Output -94 dBm ACK was sent "TxData"

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 141

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

16-bit Receive Packet - 0x81

Request frames:
n Transmit Request - 0x10
n 64-bit Transmit Request - 0x00
n 16-bit Transmit Request - 0x01

Description
This frame type is emitted when a device configured with legacy API output— = 2—receives an RF data
packet from a device configured to use 16-bit source addressing—MY < 0xFFFE.

Note This frame format is deprecated and should only be used by customers who require
compatibility with legacy Digi RF products. For new designs, we encourage you to use Receive Packet
frame - 0x90 for reception of API transmissions.

Format
The following table provides the contents of the frame. For details on frame structure, see API frame
specifications.

Frame
Offset Size Field Description
0 8-bit Start Indicates the start of an API frame.
Delimiter
1 16-bit Length Number of bytes between the length and checksum.
3 8-bit Frame type 16-bit Receive Packet - 0x81
4 16-bit 16-bit The sender's 16-bit network address.
source
address
6 8-bit RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator. The Hexadecimal equivalent
of (-dBm) value. For example if RX signal strength is -40 dBm,
then 0x28 (40 decimal) is returned.
7 8-bit Options Bit field of options that apply to the received message:
n Bit 0: Reserved
n Bit 1: Packet was sent as a broadcast [0x02]
n Bit 2: 802.15.4 only - Packet was broadcast across all
PANs [0x04]

Note Option values may be combined.

8-n variable RF data The RF payload data that the device receives.

EOF 8-bit Checksum 0xFF minus the 8-bit sum of bytes from offset 3 to this byte
(between length and checksum).

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 142

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Examples
Each example is written without escapes (AP = 1) and all bytes are represented in hex format. For
brevity, the start delimiter, length, and checksum fields have been excluded.

64-bit unicast
A device with the 16-bit address of 1234 sent a unicast transmission to a specific device with the
payload of "TxData". The following frame is emitted if the destination is configured with AO = 2.

7E 00 0B 81 12 34 5E 01 54 78 44 61 74 61 93

Frame type 64-bit source RSSI Rx options Received data

0x80 0x1234 0x5E 0x01 0x547844617461
Output -94 dBm ACK was sent "TxData"

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 143

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

64-bit I/O Sample Indicator - 0x82

Description
This frame type is emitted when a device configured with legacy API output— = 2— receives an I/O
sample frame from a remote device configured to use 64-bit source addressing—MY = 0xFFFE. Only
devices running in API mode will send I/O samples out the serial port.

Note This frame format is deprecated and should only be used by customers who require
compatibility with legacy Digi RF products. For new designs, we encourage you to use I/O Sample
Indicator - 0x92 for reception of I/O samples.

Format
The following table provides the contents of the frame. For details on frame structure, see API frame
specifications.

Frame
Offset Size Field Description
0 8-bit Start Indicates the start of an API frame.
Delimiter
1 16-bit Length Number of bytes between the length and checksum.
3 8-bit Frame type 64-bit I/O Sample Indicator - 0x82
4 64-bit 64-bit The sender's 64-bit IEEE address.
source
address
12 8-bit RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator. The Hexadecimal equivalent
of (-dBm) value. For example if RX signal strength is -40 dBm,
then 0x28 (40 decimal) is returned.
13 8-bit Options Bit field of options that apply to the received message:
n Bit 0: Reserved
n Bit 1: Packet was sent as a broadcast [0x02]
n Bit 2: 802.15.4 only - Packet was broadcast across all
PANs [0x04]

Note Option values may be combined.

14 8-bit Number of The number of sample sets included in the payload.

samples
15 16-bit Sample Bit field that indicates which I/O lines on the remote are
mask configured as inputs, if any:

bit 0: DIO0
bit 1: DIO1

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Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Frame
Offset Size Field Description
bit 2: DIO2
bit 3: DIO3
bit 4: DIO4
bit 5: DIO5
bit 6: DIO6
bit 7: DIO7
bit 8: DIO8
bit 9: ADC0
bit 10: ADC1
bit 11: ADC2
bit 12: ADC3
bit 13: N/A
bit 14: N/A
bit 15: N/A
Each bit represents either a DIO line or ADC channel. Bit set to 1
if channel is active.

17 16-bit Digital If the sample set includes any digital I/O lines—Digital channel
samples (if mask > 0—this field contain samples for all enabled digital I/O
included) lines. If no digital lines are configured as inputs or outputs, this
field will be omitted.
DIO lines that do not have sampling enabled return 0. Bits in
this field are arranged the same as they are in the channel mask
field.

19 16-bit Analog If the sample set includes any analog I/O lines, each enabled
variable samples (if analog input returns a 16-bit value indicating the ADC
included) measurement of that input.
Analog samples are ordered sequentially from AD0 to AD3.

EOF 8-bit Checksum 0xFF minus the 8-bit sum of bytes from offset 3 to this byte
(between length and checksum).

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Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

16-bit I/O Sample Indicator - 0x83

Description
This frame type is emitted when a device configured with legacy API output— = 2— receives an I/O
sample frame from a remote device configured to use 64-bit source addressing—MY = 0xFFFE. Only
devices running in API mode will send I/O samples out the serial port.

Note This frame format is deprecated and should only be used by customers who require
compatibility with legacy Digi RF products. For new designs, we encourage you to use I/O Data
Sample Rx Indicator frame - 0x92 for reception of I/O samples.

Format
The following table provides the contents of the frame. For details on frame structure, see API frame
specifications.

Frame
Offset Size Field Description
0 8-bit Start Indicates the start of an API frame.
Delimiter
1 16-bit Length Number of bytes between the length and checksum.
3 8-bit Frame type 16-bit I/O Sample Indicator - 0x83
4 16-bit 16-bit The sender's 16-bit network address.
source
address
6 8-bit RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator. The Hexadecimal equivalent
of (-dBm) value. For example if RX signal strength is -40 dBm,
then 0x28 (40 decimal) is returned.
7 8-bit Options Bit field of options that apply to the received message:
n Bit 0: Reserved
n Bit 1: Packet was sent as a broadcast [0x02]
n Bit 2: 802.15.4 only - Packet was broadcast across all
PANs [0x04]

Note Option values may be combined.

8 8-bit Number of The number of sample sets included in the payload.

samples
9 16-bit Sample Bit field that indicates which I/O lines on the remote are
mask configured as inputs, if any:
bit 0: DIO0
bit 1: DIO1
bit 2: DIO2

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Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Frame
Offset Size Field Description
bit 3: DIO3
bit 4: DIO4
bit 5: DIO5
bit 6: DIO6
bit 7: DIO7
bit 8: DIO8
bit 9: ADC0
bit 10: ADC1
bit 11: ADC2
bit 12: ADC3
bit 13: N/A
bit 14: N/A
bit 15: N/A
Each bit represents either a DIO line or ADC channel. Bit set to 1
if channel is active.

11 16-bit Digital If the sample set includes any digital I/O lines—Digital channel
samples (if mask > 0— this field contain samples for all enabled digital I/O
included) lines. If no digital lines are configured as inputs or outputs, this
field will be omitted.
DIO lines that do not have sampling enabled return 0. Bits in
this field are arranged the same as they are in the channel mask
field.

13 16-bit Analog If the sample set includes any analog I/O lines, each enabled
variable samples (if analog input returns a 16-bit value indicating the ADC
included) measurement of that input.
Analog samples are ordered sequentially from AD0 to AD3.

EOF 8-bit Checksum 0xFF minus the 8-bit sum of bytes from offset 3 to this byte
(between length and checksum).

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 147

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Local AT Command Response - 0x88

Request frames:
n Local AT Command Request - 0x08
n Queue Local AT Command Request - 0x09

Description
This frame type is emitted in response to a local AT Command request. Some commands send back
multiple response frames; for example, ND (Network Discovery). Refer to individual AT command
descriptions for details on API response behavior.
This frame is only emitted if the Frame ID in the request is non-zero.

Format
The following table provides the contents of the frame. For details on frame structure, see API frame
specifications.

Offset Size Frame Field Description

0 8-bit Start Indicates the start of an API frame.
Delimiter
1 16-bit Length Number of bytes between the length and checksum.
3 8-bit Frame type Local AT Command Response - 0x88

4 8-bit Frame ID Identifies the data frame for the host to correlate with a prior
request.

5 16-bit AT The two ASCII characters that identify the AT Command.

command

7 8-bit Command Status code for the host's request:

status 0 = OK
1 = ERROR
2 = Invalid command
3 = Invalid parameter

8-n variable Command If the host requested a command parameter change, this field
data will be omitted.
(optional) If the host queried a command by omitting the parameter value
in the request, this field will return the value currently set on
the device.

EOF 8-bit Checksum 0xFF minus the 8-bit sum of bytes from offset 3 to this byte
(between length and checksum).

Examples
Each example is written without escapes (AP = 1) and all bytes are represented in hex format. For
brevity, the start delimiter, length, and checksum fields have been excluded.

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Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Set local command parameter

Host set the NI string of the local device to "End Device" using a 0x08 request frame.
The corresponding Local AT Command Response - 0x88 with a matching Frame ID is emitted as a
response:

7E 00 05 88 01 4E 49 00 DF

Frame AT Command
type Frame ID command Status Command data
0x88 0xA1 0x4E49 0x00 (omitted)
Response Matches "NI" Success Parameter changes return no
request data

Query local command parameter

Host queries the temperature of the local device—TP command—using a 0x08 request frame.
The corresponding Local AT Command Response - 0x88 with a matching Frame ID is emitted with the
temperature value as a response:

7E 00 07 88 01 54 50 00 FF FE D5

Frame type Frame ID AT command Command Status Command data

0x88 0x17 0x5450 0x00 0xFFFE
Response Matches request "TP" Success -2 °C

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 149

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Transmit Status - 0x89

Request frames:
n 64-bit Transmit Request - 0x00
n 16-bit Transmit Request - 0x01

Description
This frame type is emitted when a transmit request completes. The status field of this frame indicates
whether the request succeeded or failed and the reason.
This frame is only emitted if the Frame ID in the request is non-zero.

Note Broadcast transmissions are not acknowledged and always return a status of 0x00, even if the
delivery failed.

Format
The following table provides the contents of the frame. For details on frame structure, see API frame
specifications.

Frame
Offset Size Field Description
0 8-bit Start Indicates the start of an API frame.
Delimiter
1 16-bit Length Number of bytes between the length and checksum.
3 8-bit Frame type Transmit Status - 0x89
4 8-bit Frame ID Identifies the data frame for the host to correlate with a prior
request.
5 8-bit Delivery Complete list of delivery statuses:
status 0x00 = Success
0x01 = No ACK received
0x02 = CCA failure
0x03 = Indirect message unrequested
0x04 = Transceiver was unable to complete the transmission
0x21 = Network ACK failure
0x22 = Not joined to network
0x2C = Invalid frame values (check the phone number)
0x31 = Internal error
0x32 = Resource error - lack of free buffers, timers, etc.
0x34 = No Secure Session Connection
0x35 = Encryption Failure
0x74 = Message too long
0x76 = Socket closed unexpectedly
0x78 = Invalid UDP port
0x79 = Invalid TCP port
0x7A = Invalid host address

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 150

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Frame
Offset Size Field Description
0x7B = Invalid data mode
0x7C = Invalid interface.
0x7D = Interface not accepting frames.
0x7E = A modem update is in progress. Try again after the
update is complete.
0x80 = Connection refused
0x81 = Socket connection lost
0x82 = No server
0x83 = Socket closed
0x84 = Unknown server
0x85 = Unknown error
0x86 = Invalid TLS configuration (missing file, and so forth)
0x87 = Socket not connected
0x88 = Socket not bound
Refer to the tables below for a filtered list of status codes that are
appropriate for specific devices.

EOF 8-bit Checksum 0xFF minus the 8-bit sum of bytes from offset 3 to this byte
(between length and checksum).

Delivery status codes

Protocol-specific status codes follow

XBee 802.15.4
0x00 = Success
0x01 = No ACK received
0x02 = CCA failure
0x03 = Indirect message unrequested
0x04 = Transceiver was unable to complete the transmission
0x21 = Network ACK failure
0x22 = Not joined to network
0x31 = Internal error
0x32 = Resource error - lack of free buffers, timers, etc.
0x74 = Message too long

Examples
Each example is written without escapes (AP = 1) and all bytes are represented in hex format. For
brevity, the start delimiter, length, and checksum fields have been excluded.

Successful transmission
Host sent a unicast transmission to a remote device using a 64-bit Transmit Request - 0x00 frame.
The corresponding 0x89 Transmit Status with a matching Frame ID is emitted as a response to the
request:

7E 00 03 89 52 00 24

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 151

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Frame type Frame ID Delivery status

0x89 0x52 0x00
Response Matches request Success

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 152

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Modem Status - 0x8A

Description
This frame type is emitted in response to specific conditions. The status field of this frame indicates
the device behavior.

Format

Frame
Offset Size Field Description
0 8-bit Start Indicates the start of an API frame.
Delimiter
1 16-bit Length Number of bytes between the length and checksum.
3 8-bit Frame type Modem Status - 0x8A
4 8-bit Modem Complete list of modem statuses:
status 0x00 = Hardware reset or power up
0x01 = Watchdog timer reset
0x02 = Joined network
0x03 = Left network
0x06 = Coordinator started
0x07 = Network security key was updated
0x0B = Network woke up
0x0C = Network went to sleep
0x0D = Voltage supply limit exceeded
0x0E = Digi Remote Manager connected
0x0F = Digi Remote Manager disconnected
0x11 = Modem configuration changed while join in progress
0x12 = Access fault
0x13 = Fatal error
0x3B = Secure session successfully established
0x3C = Secure session ended
0x3D = Secure session authentication failed
0x3E = Coordinator detected a PAN ID conflict but took no action
0x3F = Coordinator changed PAN ID due to a conflict
0x32 = BLE Connect
0x33 = BLE Disconnect
0x34 = Bandmask configuration failed
0x35 = Cellular component update started
0x36 = Cellular component update failed
0x37 = Cellular component update completed
0x38 = XBee firmware update started
0x39 = XBee firmware update failed
0x3A = XBee firmware update applying
0x40 = Router PAN ID was changed by coordinator due to a conflict
0x42 = Network Watchdog timeout expired
0x80 through 0xFF = Stack error
Refer to the tables below for a filtered list of status codes that are

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 153

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Frame
Offset Size Field Description
appropriate for specific devices.

EOF 8-bit Checksum 0xFF minus the 8-bit sum of bytes from offset 3 to this byte
(between length and checksum).

Modem status codes

Statuses for specific modem types are listed here.

XBee 802.15.4
0x00 = Hardware reset or power up
0x01 = Watchdog timer reset
0x02 = End device successfully associated with a coordinator
0x03 = End device disassociated from coordinator or coordinator failed to form a new network
0x06 = Coordinator formed a new network
0x0D = Voltage supply limit exceeded
0x3B = XBee 3 - Secure session successfully established
0x3C = XBee 3 - Secure session ended
0x3D = XBee 3 - Secure session authentication failed
0x32 = XBee 3 - BLE Connect
0x33 = XBee 3 - BLE Disconnect
0x34 = XBee 3 - No Secure Session Connection

Examples
Each example is written without escapes (AP = 1) and all bytes are represented in hex format. For
brevity, the start delimiter, length, and checksum fields have been excluded.

Boot status
When a device powers up, it returns the following API frame:

7E 00 02 8A 00 75

Frame type Modem Status

0x8A 0x00
Status Hardware Reset

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 154

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Remote AT Command Response- 0x97

Request frame: Remote AT Command Request - 0x17

Description
This frame type is emitted in response to a Remote AT Command Request - 0x17. Some commands
send back multiple response frames; for example, the ND command. Refer to individual AT command
descriptions for details on API response behavior.
This frame is only emitted if the Frame ID in the request is non-zero.

Format
The following table provides the contents of the frame. For details on frame structure, see API frame
specifications.

Offset Size Frame Field Description

0 8-bit Start Indicates the start of an API frame.
Delimiter
1 16-bit Length Number of bytes between the length and checksum.
3 8-bit Frame type Remote AT Command Response - 0x97

4 8-bit Frame ID Identifies the data frame for the host to correlate with a prior
request.

5 64-bit 64-bit The sender's 64-bit address.

source
address
13 16-bit Reserved Unused, but this field is typically set to 0xFFFE.

15 16-bit AT The two ASCII characters that identify the AT Command.

command

17 8-bit Command Status code for the host's request:

status 0x00 = OK
0x01 = ERROR
0x02 = Invalid command
0x03 = Invalid parameter
0x04 = Transmission failure
0x0C = Encryption error

18-n variable Parameter If the host requested a command parameter change, this field
value will be omitted.
(optional) If the host queried a command by omitting the parameter
value in the request, this field will return the value currently set
on the device.

EOF 8-bit Checksum 0xFF minus the 8-bit sum of bytes from offset 3 to this byte
(between length and checksum).

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 155

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Examples
Each example is written without escapes (AP = 1) and all bytes are represented in hex format. For
brevity, the start delimiter, length, and checksum fields have been excluded.

Set remote command parameter

Host set the NI string of a remote device to "Remote" using a Remote AT Command Request - 0x17.
The corresponding 0x97 Remote AT Command Response with a matching Frame ID is emitted as a
response:

7E 00 0F 97 27 00 13 A2 00 12 34 56 78 12 7E 4E 49 00 51

Frame 64-bit AT Command

type Frame ID source Reserved command Status Command data
0x97 0x27 0x0013A200 0x127E 0x4E49 0x00 (omitted)
12345678
Response Matches Unused "NI" Success Parameter
request changes return
no data

Transmission failure
Host queued the the PAN ID change of a remote device using a Remote AT Command Request - 0x17.
Due to existing network congestion, the host will retry any failed attempts.
The corresponding 0x97 Remote AT Command Response with a matching Frame ID is emitted as a
response:

7E 00 0F 97 27 00 13 A2 00 12 34 56 78 FF FE 49 44 04 EA

Frame 64-bit AT Command Command

type Frame ID source Reserved command Status data
0x97 0x27 0x0013A200 0xFFFE 0x4944 0x04 (omitted)
12345678
Response Matches Unused "ID" Transmission Parameter
request failure changes return
no data

Query remote command parameter

Query the temperature of a remote device—.
The corresponding 0x97 Remote AT Command Response with a matching Frame ID is emitted with the
temperature value as a response:

7E 00 11 97 27 00 13 A2 00 12 34 56 78 FF FE 54 50 00 00 2F A8

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 156

Operate in API mode Frame descriptions

Frame 64-bit AT Command Command

type Frame ID source Reserved command Status data
0x97 0x27 0x0013A200 0x0013A200 0x4944 0x00 0x002F
12345678 12345678
Response Matches Unused "TP" Success +47 °C
request

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 157

 Regulatory information

United States (FCC) 159

Europe (CE) 174
ISED (Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada) 176
Australia (RCM) 178
South Korea 178
IFETEL (Mexico) 182

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 158

Regulatory information United States (FCC)

United States (FCC)

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Modules comply with Part 15 of the FCC rules and regulations.
Compliance with the labeling requirements, FCC notices and antenna usage guidelines is required.
To fulfill FCC Certification, the OEM must comply with the following regulations:

1. The system integrator must ensure that the text on the external label provided with this device
is placed on the outside of the final product.
2. RF Modules may only be used with antennas that have been tested and approved for use with
the modules.

OEM labeling requirements

WARNING! As an Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) you must ensure that FCC
labeling requirements are met. You must include a clearly visible label on the outside of the
final product enclosure that displays the following content:

Required FCC Label for OEM products containing the XBee-PRO S2C SMT RF Module
Contains FCC ID: MCQ-PS2CSM
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1.) this device may not cause harmful interference and (2.) this device must accept any
interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

Required FCC Label for OEM products containing the XBee S2C TH RF Module
Contains FCC ID: MCQ-S2CTH
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1.) this device may not cause harmful interference and (2.) this device must accept any
interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

Required FCC Label for OEM products containing the XBee-PRO S2C TH RF Module
Contains FCC ID: MCQ-PS2CTH
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions: (1.) this device may not cause harmful interference and (2.) this device must accept any
interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

FCC notices
IMPORTANT: XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Modules have been certified by the FCC for use with
other products without any further certification (as per FCC section 2.1091). Modifications not
expressly approved by Digi could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.
IMPORTANT: OEMs must test final product to comply with unintentional radiators (FCC section 15.107
& 15.109) before declaring compliance of their final product to Part 15 of the FCC Rules.
IMPORTANT: The RF module has been certified for remote and base radio applications. If the module
will be used for portable applications, the device must undergo SAR testing.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device,
pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 159

Regulatory information United States (FCC)

radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may
cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference
will not occur in a particular installation.
If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be
determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one or more of the following measures: Re-orient or relocate the receiving antenna,
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver, Connect equipment and receiver to
outlets on different circuits, or Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 160

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide

Regulatory information
FCC-approved antennas (2.4 GHz)
The XBee and XBee-PRO RF Modules can be installed using antennas and cables constructed with non-standard connectors (RPSMA, RPTNC, etc.) An
adapter cable may be necessary to attach the XBee connector to the antenna connector.
The modules are FCC approved for fixed base station and mobile applications for the channels indicated in the tables below. If the antenna is mounted at
least 25 cm (10 in) from nearby persons, the application is considered a mobile application. Antennas not listed in the table must be tested to comply
with FCC Section 15.203 (Unique Antenna Connectors) and Section 15.247 (Emissions).
The antennas in the tables below have been approved for use with this module. Cable loss is required when using gain antennas as shown in the tables.
Digi does not carry all of these antenna variants. Contact Digi Sales for available antennas.
All antenna part numbers followed by an asterisk (*) are not available from Digi. Consult with an antenna manufacturer for an equivalent option.

XBee S2C SMT RF module

The following table shows the antennas approved for use with the XBee S2C SMT RF module.

Required antenna cable loss (dB)

Type Gain Min. Channels Channel Channel
Part number (description) (dBi) Application* separation 11-24 25 26
Integral antennas

29000313 Integral PCB antenna 0.0 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A N/A

A24-QI Monopole (Integrated whip) 1.5 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A N/A
Dipole antennas

A24-HASM-450 Dipole (Half-wave articulated RPSMA - 4.5”) 2.1 Fixed 25 cm N/A N/A N/A
A24-HABSM* Dipole (Articulated RPSMA) 2.1 Fixed 25 cm N/A N/A N/A
29000095 Dipole (Half-wave articulated RPSMA - 4.5”) 2.1 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A N/A
A24-HABUF-P5I Dipole (Half-wave articulated bulkhead mount U.FL. 2.1 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A N/A

United States (FCC)

w/ 5” pigtail)
161
XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide

Regulatory information
Required antenna cable loss (dB)
Type Gain Min. Channels Channel Channel
Part number (description) (dBi) Application* separation 11-24 25 26
A24-HASM-525 Dipole (Half-wave articulated RPSMA - 5.25") 2.1 Fixed 25 cm N/A N/A N/A
Omni-directional antennas

A24-F2NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 2.1 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A N/A
A24-F3NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 3.0 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A N/A
A24-F5NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 5.0 Fixed 25 cm N/A N/A N/A
A24-F8NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 8.0 Fixed 2m N/A N/A 0.1
A24-F9NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 9.5 Fixed 2m N/A N/A 1.6
A24-F10NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 10.0 Fixed 2m N/A N/A 2.1
A24-F12NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 12.0 Fixed 2m N/A N/A 4.1
A24-W7NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 7.2 Fixed 2m N/A N/A N/A
A24-M7NF Omni-directional (Mag-mount base station) 7.2 Fixed 2m N/A N/A N/A
A24-F15NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 15.0 Fixed 2m 1.1 1.1 7.1
Panel antennas

A24-P8SF Flat Panel 8.5 Fixed 2m N/A N/A 6.1

A24-P8NF Flat Panel 8.5 Fixed 2m N/A N/A 6.1
A24-P13NF Flat Panel 13.0 Fixed 2m N/A 3.1 10.6
A24-P14NF Flat Panel 14.0 Fixed 2m N/A 4.1 11.6

United States (FCC)

A24-P15NF Flat Panel 15.0 Fixed 2m N/A 5.1 12.6
A24-P16NF Flat Panel 16.0 Fixed 2m N/A 6.1 13.6
162
XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide

Regulatory information
Required antenna cable loss (dB)
Type Gain Min. Channels Channel Channel
Part number (description) (dBi) Application* separation 11-24 25 26
A24-P19NF Flat Panel 19.0 Fixed 2m 1.1 9.1 16.6
Yagi antennas

A24-Y6NF Yagi (6-element) 8.8 Fixed 2m N/A N/A 3.9

A24-Y7NF Yagi (7-element) 9.0 Fixed 2m N/A N/A 4.1
A24-Y9NF Yagi (9-element) 10.0 Fixed 2m N/A N/A 5.1
A24-Y10NF Yagi (10-element) 11.0 Fixed 2m N/A 0.6 6.1
A24-Y12NF Yagi (12-element) 12.0 Fixed 2m N/A 1.6 7.1
A24-Y13NF Yagi (13-element) 12.0 Fixed 2m N/A 1.6 7.1
A24-Y15NF Yagi (15-element) 12.5 Fixed 2m N/A 2.1 7.6
A24-Y16NF Yagi (16-element) 13.5 Fixed 2m N/A 3.1 8.6
A24-Y16RM Yagi (16-element, RPSMA connector) 13.5 dBi Fixed 2m N/A 3.1 8.6
A24-Y18NF Yagi (18-element) 15.0 Fixed 2m 1.1 4.6 10.1

United States (FCC)

163
 XBee S2C TH RF Module
XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide

Regulatory information
The following table shows the antennas approved for use with the XBee S2C TH RF Module.

Required antenna cable loss (dB)

Part Gain Min. Channels Channel Channel
number Type (description) (dBi) Application* separation 11-24 25 26
Integral antennas

29000294 Integral PCB antenna -0.5 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A N/A

A24-QI Monopole (Integrated whip) 1.5 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A N/A
Dipole antennas

A24-HASM- Dipole (Half-wave articulated RPSMA - 4.5”) 2.1 Fixed 25 cm N/A N/A N/A
450
A24-HABSM Dipole (Articulated RPSMA) 2.1 Fixed 25 cm N/A N/A N/A
29000095 Dipole (Half-wave articulated RPSMA - 4.5”) 2.1 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A N/A
A24-HABUF- Dipole (Half-wave articulated bulkhead mount U.FL. 2.1 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A N/A
P5I w/ 5” pigtail)
A24-HASM- Dipole (Half-wave articulated RPSMA - 5.25") 2.1 Fixed 25 cm N/A N/A N/A
525
Omni-directional antennas

A24-F2NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 2.1 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A N/A
A24-F3NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 3.0 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A N/A
A24-F5NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 5.0 Fixed 25 cm N/A N/A N/A

United States (FCC)

A24-F8NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 8.0 Fixed 2m N/A N/A N/A
164
XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide

Regulatory information
Required antenna cable loss (dB)
Part Gain Min. Channels Channel Channel
number Type (description) (dBi) Application* separation 11-24 25 26
A24-F9NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 9.5 Fixed 2m N/A N/A 0.9
A24-F10NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 10.0 Fixed 2m N/A N/A 1.4
A24-F12NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 12.0 Fixed 2m N/A N/A 3.4
A24-W7NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 7.2 Fixed 2m N/A N/A N/A
A24-M7NF Omni-directional (Mag-mount base station) 7.2 Fixed 2m N/A N/A N/A
A24-F15NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 15.0 Fixed 2m 0.4 0.4 6.4
Panel antennas

A24-P8SF Flat Panel 8.5 Fixed 2m N/A N/A 4.9

A24-P8NF Flat Panel 8.5 Fixed 2m N/A N/A 4.9
A24-P13NF Flat Panel 13.0 Fixed 2m N/A 3.4 9.4
A24-P14NF Flat Panel 14.0 Fixed 2m N/A 4.4 10.4
A24-P15NF Flat Panel 15.0 Fixed 2m N/A 5.4 11.4
A24-P16NF Flat Panel 16.0 Fixed 2m N/A 6.4 12.4
A24-P19NF Flat Panel 19.0 Fixed 2m 0.4 9.4 15.4
Yagi antennas

A24-Y6NF Yagi (6-element) 8.8 Fixed 2m N/A N/A 4.7

A24-Y7NF Yagi (7-element) 9.0 Fixed 2m N/A N/A 4.9

United States (FCC)

A24-Y9NF Yagi (9-element) 10.0 Fixed 2m N/A 0.4 5.9
A24-Y10NF Yagi (10-element) 11.0 Fixed 2m N/A 1.4 6.9
165
XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide

Regulatory information
Required antenna cable loss (dB)
Part Gain Min. Channels Channel Channel
number Type (description) (dBi) Application* separation 11-24 25 26
A24-Y12NF Yagi (12-element) 12.0 Fixed 2m N/A 2.4 7.9
A24-Y13NF Yagi (13-element) 12.0 Fixed 2m N/A 2.4 7.9
A24-Y15NF Yagi (15-element) 12.5 Fixed 2m N/A 2.9 8.4
A24-Y16NF Yagi (16-element) 13.5 Fixed 2m N/A 3.9 9.4
A24-Y16RM Yagi (16-element, RPSMA connector) 13.5 Fixed 2m N/A 3.9 9.4
A24-Y18NF Yagi (18-element) 15.0 Fixed 2m 0.4 5.4 10.9

United States (FCC)

166
 XBee-PRO S2C SMT RF Module
XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide

Regulatory information
The following table shows the antennas approved for use with the XBee-PRO S2C SMT RF Module.

Required antenna cable loss

(dB)
Part Gain Min Channels 11-
Number Type (Description) (dBi) Application* Separation 23† Channel 24†
Internal antennas

29000313 Integral PCB antenna 0.0 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A

A24-QI Monopole (Integrated whip) 1.5 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A
Dipole antennas

A24-HASM- Dipole (Half-wave articulated RPSMA - 4.5”) 2.1 Fixed 25 cm N/A N/A
450
A24-HABSM Dipole (Articulated RPSMA) 2.1 Fixed 25 cm N/A N/A
29000095 Dipole (Half-wave articulated RPSMA - 4.5”) 2.1 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A
A24-HABUF- Dipole (Half-wave articulated bulkhead mount U.FL. w/ 5” 2.1 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A
P5I pigtail)
A24-HASM- Dipole (Half-wave articulated RPSMA - 5.25") 2.1 Fixed 25 cm N/A N/A
525
Omni-directional antennas

A24-F2NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 2.1 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A

A24-F3NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 3.0 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A
A24-F5NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 5.0 Fixed 25 cm N/A N/A

United States (FCC)

A24-F8NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 8.0 Fixed 2m N/A N/A
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Regulatory information
Required antenna cable loss
(dB)
Part Gain Min Channels 11-
Number Type (Description) (dBi) Application* Separation 23† Channel 24†
A24-F9NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 9.5 Fixed 2m N/A N/A
A24-F10NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 10 Fixed 2m N/A N/A
A24-F12NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 12 Fixed 2m N/A 1.6
A24-W7NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 7.2 Fixed 2m N/A N/A
A24-M7NF Omni-directional (Mag-mount base station) 7.2 Fixed 2m N/A N/A
A24-F15NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 15.0 Fixed 2m 1.1 4.6
Panel antennas

A24-P8SF Flat Panel 8.5 Fixed 2m N/A 2.1

A24-P8NF Flat Panel 8.5 Fixed 2m N/A 2.1
A24-P13NF Flat Panel 13.0 Fixed 2m 2.7 6.6
A24-P14NF Flat Panel 14.0 Fixed 2m 3.7 7.6
A24-P15NF Flat Panel 15.0 Fixed 2m 4.7 8.6
A24-P16NF Flat Panel 16.0 Fixed 2m 5.7 9.6
A24-P19NF Flat Panel 19.0 Fixed 2m 8.7 12.6
Yagi antennas

A24-Y6NF Yagi (6-element) 8.8 Fixed 2m N/A 1.9

A24-Y7NF Yagi (7-element) 9.0 Fixed 2m N/A 2.1

United States (FCC)

A24-Y9NF Yagi (9-element) 10.0 Fixed 2m N/A 3.1
A24-Y10NF Yagi (10-element) 11.0 Fixed 2m 0.6 4.1
168
XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide

Regulatory information
Required antenna cable loss
(dB)
Part Gain Min Channels 11-
Number Type (Description) (dBi) Application* Separation 23† Channel 24†
A24-Y12NF Yagi (12-element) 12.0 Fixed 2m 1.6 5.1
A24-Y13NF Yagi (13-element) 12.0 Fixed 2m 1.6 5.1
A24-Y15NF Yagi (15-element) 12.5 Fixed 2m 2.1 5.6
A24-Y16NF Yagi (16-element) 13.5 Fixed 2m 3.1 6.6
A24-Y16RM Yagi (16-element, RPSMA connector) 13.5 Fixed 2m 3.1 6.6
A24-Y18NF Yagi (18-element) 15.0 Fixed 2m 4.6 8.1

United States (FCC)

169
 XBee-PRO S2C TH RF Module
XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide

Regulatory information
The following table shows the antennas approved for use with the XBee-PRO S2C TH RF Module.

Required antenna cable loss

(dB)
Part Gain Min. Channels 11-
number Type (description) (dBi) Application* separation 23† Channel 24†
Integral antennas

29000294 Integral PCB antenna -0.5 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A

A24-QI Monopole (Integrated whip) 1.5 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A
Dipole antennas

A24-HASM- Dipole (Half-wave articulated RPSMA - 4.5”) 2.1 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A
450
A24-HABSM Dipole (Articulated RPSMA) 2.1 Fixed 25 cm N/A N/A
29000095 Dipole (Half-wave articulated RPSMA - 4.5”) 2.1 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A
A24-HABUF- Dipole (Half-wave articulated bulkhead mount U.FL. w/ 5” 2.1 Fixed 25 cm N/A N/A
P5I pigtail)
A24-HASM- Dipole (Half-wave articulated RPSMA - 5.25") 2.1 Fixed/ Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A
525
Omni-directional antennas

A24-F2NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 2.1 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A

A24-F3NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 3.0 Fixed/Mobile 25 cm N/A N/A
A24-F5NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 5.0 Fixed 25 cm N/A N/A

United States (FCC)

A24-F8NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 8.0 Fixed 2m N/A N/A
170
XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide

Regulatory information
Required antenna cable loss
(dB)
Part Gain Min. Channels 11-
number Type (description) (dBi) Application* separation 23† Channel 24†
A24-F9NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 9.5 Fixed 2m N/A N/A
A24-F10NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 10.0 Fixed 2m N/A N/A
A24-F12NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 12.0 Fixed 2m N/A 1.4
A24-W7NF Omni-directional (base station) 7.2 Fixed 2m N/A N/A
A24-M7NF Omni-directional (Mag-mount base station) 7.2 Fixed 2m N/A N/A
A24-F15NF Omni-directional (Fiberglass base station) 15.0 Fixed 2m 0.4 4.4
Panel antennas

A24-P8SF Flat Panel 8.5 Fixed 2m N/A 0.4

A24-P8NF Flat Panel 8.5 Fixed 2m N/A 0.4
A24-P13NF Flat Panel 13 Fixed 2m 2.4 4.9
A24-P14NF Flat Panel 14 Fixed 2m 3.4 5.9
A24-P15NF Flat Panel 15.0 Fixed 2m 4.4 6.9
A24-P16NF Flat Panel 16.0 Fixed 2m 5.4 7.9
A24-19NF Flat Panel 19.0 Fixed 2m 8.4 10.9
Yagi antennas

A24-Y6NF Yagi (6-element) 8.8 Fixed 2m N/A 1.2

A24-Y7NF Yagi (7-element) 9.0 Fixed 2m N/A 1.4

United States (FCC)

A24-Y9NF Yagi (9-element) 10.0 Fixed 2m N/A 2.4
A24-Y10NF Yagi (10-element) 11.0 dBi Fixed 2m 0.4 3.4
171
XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide

Regulatory information
Required antenna cable loss
(dB)
Part Gain Min. Channels 11-
number Type (description) (dBi) Application* separation 23† Channel 24†
A24-Y12NF Yagi (12-element) 12.0 Fixed 2m 1.4 4.4
A24-Y13NF Yagi (13-element) 12.0 Fixed 2m 1.4 4.4
A24-Y15NF Yagi (15-element) 12.5 Fixed 2m 1.9 4.9
A24-Y16NF Yagi (16-element) 13.5 Fixed 2m 2.9 5.9
A24-Y16RM Yagi (16-element, RPSMA connector) 13.5 Fixed 2m 2.9 5.9
A24-Y18NF Yagi (18-element) 15.0 Fixed 2m 4.4 7.4

* If using the RF module in a portable application (for example - if the module is used in a handheld device and the antenna is less than 25 cm from the
human body when the device is in operation): The integrator is responsible for passing additional SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) testing based on FCC
rules 2.1091 and FCC Guidelines for Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, OET Bulletin and Supplement C. The testing results will
be submitted to the FCC for approval prior to selling the integrated unit. The required SAR testing measures emissions from the module and how they
affect the person.
† Although certified to operate on channels 11-24, currently this product only supports channels 12-23.

United States (FCC)

172
Regulatory information United States (FCC)

RF exposure
If you are an integrating the XBee into another product, you must include the following Caution
statement in OEM product manuals to alert users of FCC RF exposure compliance:

CAUTION! To satisfy FCC RF exposure requirements for mobile transmitting devices, a

separation distance of 20 cm or more should be maintained between the antenna of this
device and persons during device operation. To ensure compliance, operations at closer than
this distance are not recommended. The antenna used for this transmitter must not be co-
located in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.

FCC publication 996369 related information

In publication 996369 section D03, the FCC requires information concerning a module to be presented
by OEM manufacturers. This section assists in answering or fulfilling these requirements.

2.1 General
No requirements are associated with this section.

2.2 List of applicable FCC rules

This module conforms to FCC Part 15.247.

2.3 Summarize the specific operational use conditions

Certain approved antennas require attenuation for operation. For the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF
Module, see FCC-approved antennas (2.4 GHz).
Host product user guides should include the antenna table if end customers are permitted to select
antennas.

2.4 Limited module procedures

Not applicable.

2.5 Trace antenna designs

While it is possible to build a trace antenna into the host PCB, this requires at least a Class II
permissive change to the FCC grant which includes significant extra testing and cost. If an embedded
trace antenna is desired, select the XBee module variant with the preferred antenna.

2.6 RF exposure considerations

For RF exposure considerations see RF exposure and FCC-approved antennas (2.4 GHz).
Host product manufacturers need to provide end-users a copy of the “RF Exposure” section of the
manual: RF exposure.

2.7 Antennas
A list of approved antennas is provided for the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Modules. See FCC-
approved antennas (2.4 GHz).

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 173

Regulatory information Europe (CE)

2.8 Label and compliance information

Host product manufacturers need to follow the sticker guidelines outlined in OEM labeling
requirements.

2.9 Information on test modes and additional testing requirements

Contact a Digi sales representative for information on how to configure test modes for the XBee/XBee-
PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.

2.10 Additional testing, Part 15 Subpart B disclaimer

All final host products must be tested to be compliant to FCC Part 15 Subpart B standards. While the
XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 module was tested to be complaint to FCC unintentional radiator
standards, FCC Part 15 Subpart B compliance testing is still required for the final host product. This
testing is required for all end products, and XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 module Part 15 Subpart B
compliance does not affirm the end product’s compliance.
See FCC notices for more details.

Europe (CE)
The XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Modules (non-PRO variants) have been tested for use in several
European countries. For a complete list, refer to www.digi.com/resources/certifications.
If XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Modules are incorporated into a product, the manufacturer must
ensure compliance of the final product with articles 3.1a and 3.1b of the Radio Equipment Directive. A
Declaration of Conformity must be issued for each of these standards and kept on file as described in
the Radio Equipment Directive.
Furthermore, the manufacturer must maintain a copy of the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module
user guide documentation and ensure the final product does not exceed the specified power ratings,
antenna specifications, and/or installation requirements as specified in the user guide.

Maximum power and frequency specifications

For the through-hole device:
n Maximum power: 9.82 mW (9.92 dBm) Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP) at normal
condition.
n Frequencies: 5 MHz channel spacing, beginning at 2405 MHz and ending at 2480 MHz.
For the surface-mount device:
n Maximum power: 12.65 mW (11.02 dBm) EIRP.
n Frequencies: 5 MHz channel spacing, beginning at 2405 MHz and ending at 2480 MHz.

CE and UKCA OEM labeling requirements

The CE and UKCA markings must be clearly visible and legible when you affix it to the product. If this
is not possible, you must attach these marks to the packaging (if any) or accompanying documents.

CE labeling requirements
The “CE” marking must be affixed to a visible location on the OEM product. The following figure shows
CE labeling requirements.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 174

Regulatory information Europe (CE)

The CE mark shall consist of the initials “CE” taking the following form:
n If the CE marking is reduced or enlarged, the proportions given in the above graduated
drawing must be respected.
n The CE marking must have a height of at least 5 mm except where this is not possible on
account of the nature of the apparatus.
n The CE marking must be affixed visibly, legibly, and indelibly.

UK Conformity Assessed (UKCA) labeling requirements

See guidance/using-the-ukca-marking for further details.

You must make sure that:

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 175

Regulatory information ISED (Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada)

n if you reduce or enlarge the size of your marking, the letters forming the UKCA marking must
be in proportion to the version set out below
n the UKCA marking is at least 5 mm in height – unless a different minimum dimension is
specified in the relevant legislation
n the UKCA marking is easily visible, legible (from 1 January 2023 it must be permanently
attached)
n the UKCA marking can take different forms (for example, the colour does not have to be solid),
as long as it remains visible, legible and maintains the required proportions.

Important note
Digi customers assume full responsibility for learning and meeting the required guidelines for each
country in their distribution market. Refer to the radio regulatory agency in the desired countries of
operation for more information.

Listen Before Talk requirement

The XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module must be configured to comply with the Listen Before Talk
(LBT) requirements in the EN 300 328 standard. This can be accomplished by one of the following
options:

1. Set the PL command to 3 (6 dBm) or lower, which ensures that the maximum transmitter
power is under the limit at which LBT is required.
or
2. Set the CA command as described in CA (CCA Threshold) to enable LBT at the required noise
threshold level.

Declarations of conformity
Digi has issued Declarations of Conformity for the XBee RF Modules concerning emissions, EMC, and
safety. For more information, see www.digi.com/resources/certifications.

Antennas
The following antennas have been tested and approved for use with the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4
RF Module:
All antenna part numbers followed by an asterisk (*) are not available from Digi. Consult with an
antenna manufacturer for an equivalent option.
n Dipole (2.1 dBi, Omni-directional, Articulated RPSMA, Digi part number A24-HABSM)
n PCB Antenna (0.0 dBi)
n Monopole Whip (1.5 dBi)

ISED (Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada)

Labeling requirements
Labeling requirements for Industry Canada are similar to those of the FCC. A clearly visible label on
the outside of the final product enclosure must display the following text:

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 176

Regulatory information ISED (Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada)

For XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module

Contains Model PS2CSM Radio, IC: 1846A-PS2CSM
The integrator is responsible for its product to comply with IC ICES-003 & FCC Part 15, Sub. B -
Unintentional Radiators. ICES-003 is the same as FCC Part 15 Sub. B and Industry Canada accepts FCC
test report or CISPR 22 test report for compliance with ICES-003.

For XBee S2C surface-mount

Contains Model XBee S2C Radio, IC: 1846A-XBS2C
The integrator is responsible for its product to comply with IC ICES-003 & FCC Part 15, Sub. B -
Unintentional Radiators. ICES-003 is the same as FCC Part 15 Sub. B and Industry Canada accepts FCC
test report or CISPR 22 test report for compliance with ICES-003.

For XBee-PRO S2C surface-mount

Contains Model PS2CSM Radio, IC: 1846A-PS2CSM
The integrator is responsible for its product to comply with IC ICES-003 & FCC Part 15, Sub. B -
Unintentional Radiators. ICES-003 is the same as FCC Part 15 Sub. B and Industry Canada accepts FCC
test report or CISPR 22 test report for compliance with ICES-003.

For XBee S2C through-hole

Contains Model S2CTH Radio, IC: 1846A-S2CTH
The integrator is responsible for its product to comply with IC ICES-003 & FCC Part 15, Sub. B -
Unintentional Radiators. ICES-003 is the same as FCC Part 15 Sub. B and Industry Canada accepts FCC
test report or CISPR 22 test report for compliance with ICES-003.

For XBee-PRO S2C through-hole

Contains Model PS2CTH Radio, IC: 1846A-PS2CTH
The integrator is responsible for its product to comply with IC ICES-003 & FCC Part 15, Sub. B -
Unintentional Radiators. ICES-003 is the same as FCC Part 15 Sub. B and Industry Canada accepts FCC
test report or CISPR 22 test report for compliance with ICES-003.

Transmitters for detachable antennas

This radio transmitter has been approved by Industry Canada to operate with the antenna types listed
in the tables in FCC-approved antennas (2.4 GHz) with the maximum permissible gain and required
antenna impedance for each antenna type indicated. Antenna types not included in this list, having a
gain greater than the maximum gain indicated for that type, are strictly prohibited for use with this
device. The required antenna impedance is 50 ohms.
Le présent émetteur radio a été approuvé par Industrie Canada pour fonctionner avec les types
d'antenne énumérés et ayant un gain admissible maximal et l'impédance requise pour chaque type
d'antenne. Les types d'antenne non inclus dans cette liste, ou dont le gain est supérieur au gain maximal
indiqué, sont strictement interdits pour l'exploitation de l'émetteur.

Detachable antenna
Under Industry Canada regulations, this radio transmitter may only operate using an antenna of a
type and maximum (or lesser) gain approved for the transmitter by Industry Canada. To reduce

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 177

Regulatory information Australia (RCM)

potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the
equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) is not more than that necessary for successful
communication.
Conformément à la réglementation d'Industrie Canada, le présent émetteur radio peut fonctionner avec
une antenne d'un type et d'un gain maximal (ou inférieur) approuvé pour l'émetteur par Industrie
Canada. Dans le but de réduire les risques de brouillage radioélectrique à l'intention des autres
utilisateurs, il faut choisir le type d'antenne et son gain de sorte que la puissance isotrope rayonnée
équivalente (p.i.r.e.) ne dépasse pas l'intensité nécessaire àl'établissement d'une communication
satisfaisante.

Firmware Version Identification number (FVIN)

XBee S2C 802.15.4 firmware versions are 2xxx or 9xxx. FVIN can be read electronically by sending the
ATVR command to the device.

Australia (RCM)
XBee S2C 802.15.4 and XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 modules comply with requirements to be used in end
products in Australia and New Zealand. All products with EMC and radio communications must have
registered RCM and R-NZ marks. Registration to use the compliance mark will only be accepted from
Australia or New Zealand manufacturers or importers, or their agents.
In order to have a RCM or R-NZ mark on an end product, a company must comply with a or b below.

a. Have a company presence in Australia or New Zealand.

b. Have a company/distributor/agent in Australia or New Zealand that will sponsor the importing
of the end product.
Contact Digi for questions related to locating a contact in Australia and New Zealand.

South Korea
The low-power XBee S2C TH and XBee S2C devices have received South Korean approvals. To show
conformity to the certificate, you must add a label with the South Korean product information to the
XBee S2C 802.15.4 RF Module.
For the through-hole device, you can place the label on the reverse side.
Recommended label material: Abraham Technical (700342) MFG P/N TAAE-014250.
The label size is: 15.9 mm x 15.9 mm (0.625 in x 0.625 in)
The complete label information is as follows:

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 178

Regulatory information South Korea

The KCC logo must be at least 5 mm tall.

The text shown in the label is:

1. 모델명 : XBee S2C TH

2. 인증번호 : MSIP-CRM-DIG-XBee-S2C-TH
3. 인증자상호 : DIGI INTERNATIONAL, INC.
4. 제조자/제조국가 : DIGI INTERNATIONAL, INC. / 미국
If the label size does not accommodate the required content, you can use abbreviated information, as
follows:

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 179

Regulatory information South Korea

The KCC logo must be at least 5 mm tall.

The text shown on the label is:
인증번호 : MSIP-CRM-DIG-XBee-S2C-TH
For the surface-mount version, the label will overlay the existing product label.

CAUTION! By placing a label over the existing label, the certifications for Europe (CE),
Australia, New Zealand (RCM), and Japan will no longer apply.

Recommended label material: Abraham Technical TELT-000465.

The label size is: 15.9 mm x 20.3 mm (0.625 in x 0.8 in)
The complete label information is as follows:

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 180

Regulatory information South Korea

The KCC logo must be at least 5 mm tall.

The text shown in the label is:

1. 모델명 : XBee S2C

2. 인증번호 : MSIP-CRM-DIG-XBee-S2C
3. 인증자상호 : DIGI INTERNATIONAL, INC.
4. 제조자/제조국가 : DIGI INTERNATIONAL, INC. / 미국
If the label size does not accommodate the required content, you can use the abbreviated
information, as follows:

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 181

Regulatory information IFETEL (Mexico)

The KCC logo must be at least 5 mm tall.

The text shown in the label is:
인증번호 : MSIP-CRM-DIG-XBee-S2C

IFETEL (Mexico)
Mexico does not have a “modular” approval for radio products.
If XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Modules are integrated into a product, the manufacturer must
ensure compliance of the final product with all the requirements of Mexican regulations.
Manufacturer: Digi International
Country: USA
Brand: Digi
The Tariff Code (HS) for all XBee/XBee-PRO S2C radio modules is 8517-62-15.

Model: PS2CSM (XBee-Pro S2C surface-mount)

IFETEL (IFT) number RCPDIPS19-1817-A1 applies to these XBee-Pro S2C radios:

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 182

Regulatory information IFETEL (Mexico)

XBP24CZ7UIS-004 XBP24CZ7PIS-004 XBP24CZ7RIS-004 XBP24CZ7UISB003

XBP24CZ7PISB003 XBP24CZ7RISB003 XBP24CAUIS-001 XBP24CAPIS-001
XBP24CARIS-001 XBP24CDMUIS-001 XBP24CDMPIS-001 XBP24CDMRIS-001

Model: PS2CTH (XBee-Pro S2C through-hole)

IFETEL (IFT) number RCPDIPS19-1817 applies to these XBee-Pro S2C radios:

XBP24CZ7UITB003A XBP24CZ7UITB003B XBP24CZ7UITB003C XBP24CZ7WITB003A

XBP24CZ7WIT-004 XBP24CZ7UIT-004 XBP24CZ7SIT-004 XBP24CZ7PIT-004
XBP24CZ7WITB003 XBP24CZ7UITB003 XBP24CZ7SITB003 XBP24CZ7PITB003
XBP24CAWIT-001 XBP24CAUIT-001 XBP24CASIT-001 XBP24CAPIT-001
XBP24CDMWIT-001 XBP24CDMUIT-001 XBP24CDMSIT-001 XBP24CDMPIT-001

Model: XBEE S2C (XBee S2C surface-mount)

IFETEL (IFT) number RCPDIXB19-1821 applies to these S2C radios:

XB24CZ7UIS-004 XB24CZ7PIS-004 XB24CZ7RIS-004 XB24CZ7UISB003

XB24CZ7PISB003 XB24CZ7RISB003 XB24CAUIS-001 XB24CAPIS-001
XB24CARIS-001 XB24CDMUIS-001 XB24CDMPIS-001 XB24CDMRIS-001

Model: S2CTH (XBee S2C through-hole)

IFETEL (IFT) number RCPDIS219-1821-A1 applies to these S2C radios:

XB24CZ7WIT-004, XB24CZ7UIT-004, XB24CZ7SIT-004, XB24CZ7PIT-004,

XB24CZ7WITB003, XB24CZ7UITB003, XB24CZ7SITB003, XB24CZ7PITB003,
XB24CAWIT-001, XB24CAUIT-001, XB24CASIT-001, XB24CAPIT-001,
XB24CDMWIT-001, XB24CDMUIT-001, XB24CDMSIT-001, XB24CDMPIT-001

OEM labeling requirements

WARNING! The Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) must ensure that Mexico IFT
labeling requirements are met.

The IFETEL number for the XBee product must be listed either on the end product, on the packaging,
in the manual, or in the software with the following phrase, substituting the IFT number for the XBee
S2C product you are using for the XXXXXXXXX-XXXX:
“Este equipo contiene el módulo XBee con Número IFETEL: XXXXXXXXX-XXXX”
or

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 183

Regulatory information IFETEL (Mexico)

“Este equipo contiene el módulo XBee con IFT #: XXXXXXXXX-XXXX”

The following paragraph must also be present in the User Manual for the end product:
“La operación de este equipo está sujeta a las siguientes dos condiciones: (1) es posible que
este equipo o dispositivo no cause interferencia perjudicial y (2) este equipo o dispositivo debe
aceptar cualquier interferencia, incluyendo la que pueda causar su operación no deseada.”

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 184

 Load 802.15.4 firmware on ZB devices

Background 186
Load 802.15.4 firmware 186

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 185

Load 802.15.4 firmware on ZB devices Background

Background
Our XBee/XBee-PRO ZB RF modules are built on the same hardware as the XBee/XBee-PRO S2C
802.15.4 RF Module. It is possible to load 802.15.4 firmware on existing ZB modules. The table below
shows which part numbers are compatible with 802.15.4 firmware.

Note Currently the 802.15.4 firmware is approved for use only in the United States, Canada, Europe,
Australia and Japan. You can find region-specific regulatory information for the firmware in Regulatory
information.

CAUTION! The antenna cable loss requirements for the 802.15.4 firmware are different than
the ZB firmware for gain antennas exceeding 2.1 dBi. If you migrate a ZB device to 802.15.4
firmware, and are using gain antennas, you must adhere to the cable loss requirements
found in Regulatory information.

XBee/XBee-PRO ZB S2C part numbers Revision Form factor Hardware version (HV)
XB24CZ7PIS-004 All XBee SMT 0x22
XB24CZ7RIS-004
XB24CZ7UIS-004
XB24CZ7PIT-004 All XBee TH 0x2E
XB24CZ7SIT-004
XB24CZ7UIT-004
XB24CZ7WIT-004
XBP24CZ7PIS-004 Rev L XBee SMT 0x30
XBP24CZ7RIS-004 (and later)
XBP24CZ7UIS-004
XBP24CZ7PIT-004 All XBee TH 0x2D
XBP24CZ7SIT-004
XBP24CZ7UIT-004
XBP24CZ7WIT-004

In addition to the differences between the 802.15.4 and Zigbee protocols, some of the operational
features are different between the two firmware versions. For example, the XBee-PRO 802.15.4
supports fewer channels than the Zigbee firmware. It is important that you read and understand this
user guide before developing with the 802.15.4 firmware.

Load 802.15.4 firmware

To load 802.15.4 firmware on an existing ZB module, use the following instructions. You must use the
serial interface to perform this update. The device does not support OTA updates for changing
802.15.4 to ZB firmware or vice versa.

1. Verify that your device's part number (listed on the label) is included in the list shown in
Background.
2. Install the device in a Digi development board and connect it to your PC.
3. The next steps involve loading firmware using XCTU. To download XCTU and read detailed
instructions about it, go to:
https://www.digi.com/products/xbee-rf-solutions/xctu-software/xctu

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 186

Load 802.15.4 firmware on ZB devices Load 802.15.4 firmware

4. When you get to the Update firmware dialog box, in the Function set area, click the 802.15.4
option, and the newest firmware version.
5. Click Update and follow the instructions.
6. When the updating process successfully completes, your device runs 802.15.4 firmware. You
can change back to Zigbee firmware at any time by following the same process and selecting
the Zigbee firmware option instead.

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 Migrate from XBee through-hole to surface-mount
devices
We designed the XBee surface-mount and through-hole devices to be compatible with each other and
offer the same basic feature set. The surface-mount form factor has more I/O pins. Because the XBee
device was originally offered in only the through-hole form factor, we offer this section to help you
migrate from the through-hole to the surface-mount form factor.

Pin mapping 189

Mount the devices 190

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Migrate from XBee through-hole to surface-mount devices Pin mapping

Pin mapping
The following table shows the pin mapping for the surface-mount (SMT) pins to the through-hole (TH)
pins. The pin names are from the XBee S2C SMT device.

SMT Pin # Name TH Pin #

1 GND

2 VCC 1
3 DOUT 2
4 DIN/CONFIG 3
5 [Reserved] 4
6 RESET 5
7 PWM0/RSSI PWM 6
8 PWM1 7
9 [Reserved] 8
10 DI8/SLEEP_RQ/DTR 9
11 GND 10
12 SPI_ATTN /BOOTMODE

13 GND

14 SPI_CLK

15 SPI_SSEL

16 SPI_MOSI

17 SPI_MISO

18 [Reserved]

19 [Reserved]

20 [Reserved]

21 [Reserved]

22 GND

23 [Reserved]

24 DIO4 11
25 DIO7/CTS 12
26 On/SLEEP 13
27 VREF 14

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 189

Migrate from XBee through-hole to surface-mount devices Mount the devices

SMT Pin # Name TH Pin #

28 DIO5/ASSOC 15
29 DIO6/RTS 16
30 DIO3/AD3 17
31 DIO2/AD2 18
32 DIO1/AD1 19
33 DIO0/AD0 20
34 [Reserved]

35 GND

36 RF

37 [Reserved]

Mount the devices

One important difference between the SMT and TH devices is the way they mount to a printed circuit
board (PCB). Each footprint requires different mounting techniques.
We designed a footprint that allows you to attach either device to a PCB. The following drawing shows
the layout.

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Migrate from XBee through-hole to surface-mount devices Mount the devices

The round holes in the diagram are for the TH design, and the semi-oval pads are for the SMT design.
Pin 1 of the TH design is lined up with pad 1 of the SMT design, but the pins are actually offset by one
pad; see Pin mapping. By using diagonal traces to connect the appropriate pins, the layout will work
for both devices.
PCB design and manufacturing contains information on attaching the SMT device.

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 PCB design and manufacturing
The XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module is designed for surface-mount on the OEM PCB. It has
castellated pads to allow for easy solder attach inspection. The pads are all located on the edge of the
module, so there are no hidden solder joints on these modules.

Recommended solder reflow cycle 193

Recommended footprint and keepout 193
Flux and cleaning 195
Rework 195

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PCB design and manufacturing Recommended solder reflow cycle

Recommended solder reflow cycle

The following table provides the recommended solder reflow cycle. The table shows the temperature
setting and the time to reach the temperature; it does not show the cooling cycle.

Time (seconds) Temperature (degrees C)

30 65
60 100
90 135
120 160
150 195
180 240
210 260

The maximum temperature should not exceed 260 °C.

The device will reflow during this cycle, and therefore must not be reflowed upside down. Take care
not to jar the device while the solder is molten, as this can remove components under the shield from
their required locations.
Hand soldering is possible and should be performed in accordance with approved standards.
The device has a Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) of 3. When using this product, consider the relative
requirements in accordance with standard IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020.
In addition, note the following conditions:

a. Calculated shelf life in sealed bag: 12 months at < 40 °C and < 90% relative humidity (RH).
b. Environmental condition during the production: 30 °C /60% RH according to IPC/JEDEC J-STD-
033C, paragraphs 5 through 7.
c. The time between the opening of the sealed bag and the start of the reflow process cannot
exceed 168 hours if condition b) is met.
d. Baking is required if conditions b) or c) are not met.
e. Baking is required if the humidity indicator inside the bag indicates a RH of 10% more.
f. If baking is required, bake modules in trays stacked no more than 10 high for 4-6 hours at
125 °C.

Recommended footprint and keepout

We recommend that you use the following PCB footprints for surface-mounting. The dimensions
without brackets are in inches, and those in brackets are in millimeters.

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PCB design and manufacturing Recommended footprint and keepout

While the underside of the module is mostly coated with solder resist, we recommend that the copper
layer directly below the module be left open to avoid unintended contacts. Copper or vias must not
interfere with the three exposed RF test points on the bottom of the module (see below).
Furthermore, these modules have a ground plane in the middle on the back side for shielding
purposes, which can be affected by copper traces directly below the module.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 194

PCB design and manufacturing Flux and cleaning

Flux and cleaning

We recommend that you use a “no clean” solder paste in assembling these devices. This eliminates
the clean step and ensures that you do not leave unwanted residual flux under the device where it is
difficult to remove. In addition:
n Cleaning with liquids can result in liquid remaining under the device or in the gap between the
device and the host PCB. This can lead to unintended connections between pads.
n The residual moisture and flux residue under the device are not easily seen during an
inspection process.

Rework

CAUTION! Any modification to the device voids the warranty coverage and certifications.

Rework should never be performed on the module itself. The module has been optimized to give the
best possible performance, and reworking the module itself will void warranty coverage and
certifications. We recognize that some customers will choose to rework and void the warranty; the

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PCB design and manufacturing Rework

following information is given as a guideline in such cases to increase the chances of success during
rework, though the warranty is still voided.
The module may be removed from the OEM PCB by the use of a hot air rework station, or hot plate.
Care should be taken not to overheat the module. During rework, the module temperature may rise
above its internal solder melting point and care should be taken not to dislodge internal components
from their intended positions.

XBee/XBee-PRO S2C 802.15.4 RF Module User Guide 196