Class XII Session 2024-25 Subject - Physics Sample Question Paper - 1 ‘Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70 General Instructions: 1. There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory. 2. This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E 3, All the sections are compulsory. 4, Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1 mark each, Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven questions of three marks each, Section D contains two case study based questions of four marks each and Section E, contains three long answer questions of five marks each, 5. There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in Section B, one question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in Section D and all three questions in Section E. You have to attempt only one of the choices in such questions. 6, Use of calculators is not allowed. Section A The cations and anions are arranged in alternate form in in} a) ionic crystal b) semiconductor erystal ©) covalent crystal 4) metallic crystal Current density of a conductor is ul a) Is always zero ») the net charge flowing through the area ©) measure of the flow of electric charge in 4) the net charge flowing through the area per amperes per unit area of cross-section unit time The focal length of a concave mirror is f. An object is placed at a distance x from the focus. The magnification is (1] by 2) ») = ae ‘A magnet of magnetic moment M is suspended in a uniform magnetic field B. The maximum value of torque [1] acting on the magnet is a) zero ‘b) MB ©) 2MB @) 3MB A parallel plate capacitor of plate area A has a charge Q. The force on each plate of the capacitor is tm Page 1 of 19a b) zero Ga Or ead 6. An electron is travelling along the X-direction. It encounters a magnetic field in the Y-direction. Its subsequent [1] motion will be a) a circle in the YZ-plane ») straight line along the X-direction ©) acircle in the XZ-plane 4) a circle in the XY-plane 17. A pair adjacent coils has a mutual inductance of 1.5 Hf the curent in one col changes from 010 20 Aino 1) ! s, change of flux linkage with the other col is ! ' a) 45 Wb b) 35 Wb ' 1 1 30 Wb 4) 40 Wb 8. An aeroplane having a wingspan of 35m files due north with the speed of 90 m/s, given B = 4x 10° T. The a potential difference between the tips of the wings will be 2) 0.126 V b) 1.26 V 90013 V @) 126 9. ‘The shape of the wavefront of the portion of the wavefront of light from a distant star intercepted by the earth is (1) ' a) plane ») spherical ' ' ©) conical @) byperboloid ' i 10. fanelectron is accelerated by 8.8%10'm/s?, then electric field required for acceleration is (given specific 1) ' charge of the electron = 1.7610" Ckgt) ' I a)52 Vem" b) 50 Vem { o54Vem ) 56 Vem 11. Inthe circuit given in the figure, an a.c. source of 200 V is connected through a diode D to a capacitor. The it potential difference across the capacitor will be D 1 oe 1 ' 1 1 1 7 a) 283 V b) 100V 1 1 1 t 9310v 200 ' 12, Green light of wavelength 5,460 A is incident on an air-plass interface. Ifthe refractive index of glass is1-5, {1 the wavelength of light in glass would be (Given that the velocity of light in air, c= 3 x 10° ms") a6 A ») 3,640.4 95,460 4 ® 49614 13, Assertion (A): The photoelectrons produced by a monochromatic light beam incident on a metal surface, have a (1) spread in their kinetic energies. Reason (R): The work function of the metal varies as a function of depth from the surface. Page 2 of 19a) Both A and Rare true and R is the correct —_b) Both A and R are true but R is not the explanation of A. correct explanation of A. ©) Ais true but Ris false. 4) Ais false but R is true. 14, Assertio Fora charged particle moving from point P to point Q, the net work done by an electrostatic field on [1] the particle is independent of the path connecting point P to point Q. Reason: The net work done by a conservative force on an object moving along a closed loop is zero. 4) Assertion and reason both are correct 'b) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation statements but reason is not correct, for assertion. explanation for assertion, © Assertion is correct statement but reason isd) Assertion is wrong statement but reason is, ‘wrong statement. correct statement. 15, Assertion (A): Light added to light can produce darkness, it] Reason (R): When two coherent light waves interfere, there is darkness at position of destructive interference, a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct —_b) Both A and R are true but R is not the explanation of A. correct explanation of A. ©) Ais true but R is false 4) A is false but R is true. 16. Assertion (A): A step-up transformer cannot be used as a step-down transformer, ul Reason (R): A transformer works only in one direction. a) Both A and R are true and Ris the correct) Both A and R are true but R is not the explanation of A. correct explanation of A. ©) Ais true but Ris false. 4) Ais false but R is true. Section B 17, A light beam travelling in the x-direction is described by the electric field: Ey = 270 sin w(t £). Anelectron [2] {s constrained to move along the y-direction with a speed of 2.0 x 107 ms", Find the maximum electric force and maximum magnetic force on the electron. 18 A uniform magnetic field gets modified as shown below, when two specimens X and Y are placed in it. RI Sa f——-—F EI eee SS i, Identify the two specimens X and Y. ii, State the reason for the behaviour of the field lines in X and Y. 19, Explain the formation of potential barrier and depletion region in a p-n junction diode. What is effect of applying (2) forward bias on the width of depletion region? 20. If the short series limit of the Balmer series for hydrogen is 3646, calculate the atomic number of the element [21 which gives X-ray wavelengths down to 1.0. Identify the element. RI 21, a. An electron moving horizontally witha velocity of 4 x 10# ms enters a region of uniform magnetic field of 10° T acting vertically upward as shown in the figure. Draw its trajectory and find out the time it takes to Page 3 of 19come out of the region of magnetic field. 1 ' 1 b. A straight wire of mass 200 g and length 1.5 m carries a current of 2 A. It is suspended in mid air by a ' 7 uniform magnetic field B. What is the magnitude of the magnetic field? ' on What information would you wish to know about the galvanometer before converting it into an ammeter or voltmeter? Section C 22, ‘Two cells of EMF 1 V, 2 V and internal resistance 2 9 and 1 respectively are connected in Bl i. series, ii, parallel. What should be the external resistance in the circuit so that the current through the resistance be the same in the two cases? In which case, more heat is generated in the cells? ' 23. i. Differentiate between three segments of a transistor on the basis of their size and level of doping, wt ! When is a transistor said tobe in active state? ! ! Draw a plot of transfer characteristic Vo vs. Vj) and show which portion of the characteristic is used in ! ' amplification and why? ' 1 iv. Draw the circuit diagram of the base bias transistor amplifier in CE configuration and briefly explain its 1 working 24. Photoelectrons are emitted from a metal surface when illuminated with UV light of wavelength 330 nm. The BI minimum amount of energy required to emit the electrons from the surface is 3.5 x 10"! J. Calculate : a. the energy of the incident radiation, and b. the kinetic energy of the photoelectron. 25. a. Differentiate between muclear fission and nuclear fusion. Bl b. Deuterium undergoes fusion as per the reaction: 3H43H 3 He +} n+ 3.27MeV Find the duration for which an electric bulb of 500 W can be kept glowing by the fusion of 100 g of deuterium. 26. Show thatthe radius of the orbit in hydrogen atom varies as n?, where nis the principal quantum number of the (31 atom. 27. A beam of light consisting of two wavelengths, 650 nm and 520 nm, are used to obtain interference fringes ina [3] Young's double slit experiment. a. Find the distance of the third bright fringe on the screen from the central maximum for wavelength 650 nm. b. What is the least distance from the central maximum where the bright fringes due to both the wavelengths coincide? 28. Define mutual inductance between a pair of coils. Derive an expression for the mutual inductance of two long [3] Page 4 of 1929. coaxial solenoids of the same length wound one over the other. oR ‘The figure below shows planer loops of different shapes moving out of or into a region of the magnetic field which is directed normal to the plane of the loops away from the reader. Determine the direction of induced current in each Joop using Lenz’s law. Check if you would obtain the same answers by considering the magnetic force on the charge inside the moving loops. o Kee: « Section D Read the text carefully and answer the questions: i Microwave oven: The spectrum of electromagnetic radiation contains a part known as microwaves. These ‘waves have frequency and energy smaller than visible light and wavelength larger than it. What isthe principle of a microwave oven and how does it work? Our objective is to cook food or warm it up. All food items such as fruit, vegetables, meat, cereals, etc., contain water as a constituent. Now, what does it mean when we say that a certain object has become warmer? When the temperature of a body rises, the energy of the random motion of atoms and molecules increases and the molecules travel or vibrate or rotate with higher energies. The frequency of rotation of water molecules is about 2.45 gigahertz (GHz). If water receives microwaves of this frequency, its molecules absorb this radiation, which is equivalent to heating up water. These molecules share this energy with neighbouring food molecules, heating up the food. One should use porcelain vessels and non-metal containers in ‘a microwave oven because of the danger of getting a shock from accumulated electric charges. Metals may also melt from heating, The porcelain container remains unaffected and cool, because its large molecules vibrate and. rotate with much smaller frequencies, and thus cannot absorb microwaves. Hence, they do not get eaten up. Thus, the basic principle of a microwave oven is to generate microwave radiation of appropriate frequency in the ‘working space of the oven where we keep food. This way energy is not wasted in heating up the vessel. In the conventional heating method, the vessel on the burner gets heated first and then the food inside gets heated because of transfer of energy from the vessel. In the microwave oven, on the other hand, energy is directly delivered to water molecules which is shared by the entire food. (a) As compared to visible light microwave has frequency and energy a) Frequency is less but energy is more ») less than visible light ©) more than visible light 4) equal to visible light, (b) When the temperature of a body rises a) the energy of the random motion of b) the energy of the random motion of atoms and molecules decreases. atoms and molecules remains same. ©) the energy of the random motion of 4) the random motion of atoms and. ‘atoms and molecules increases molecules becomes streamlined, Page 5 of 19(©) The frequency of rotation of water molecules is about a) 2.45 THz b) 2.45 kHz, ©) 2.45 MHz ) 2.45 GHz, oR In the microwave oven a) Energy is directly delivered to the food _b) The vessel gets heated first and then rains. the water molecules collect heat from the body of the vessel ©) Energy is directly delivered to water _—_d) The vessel gets heated first, and then molecules which is shared by the the food grains inside entire food (@) Why should one use porcelain vessels and non-metal containers in a microwave oven? a) Because it will prevent the food items to _b) Because it will get too much hot, become hot ©) Because of the danger of getting a 4) Because it may crack due to high shock from accumulated electric frequency charges 30, Read the text carefully and answer the questions: i The triboelectric series is a list that ranks materials according to their tendency to gain or lose electrons. The process of electron transfer as a result of two objects coming into contact with one another and then separating is called triboelectric charging. During such an interaction, one of the two objects will always gain electrons, (becoming negatively charged) and the other object will lose electrons (becoming positively charged). The relative position of the two objects on the triboelectric series will define which object gains electrons and which object loses electrons. In triboelectric series, materials are ranked from high to low in terms of the tendency for the material to lose electron, If an object high up on this list (Glass, for example) is rubbed with an object low down on the list (Teflon, for example), the glass will lose electrons to the teflon. The glass will, in this case, become positively charged and the teflon will become negatively charged. Materials in the middle of the list (steel and wood, for Page 6 of 19example) are items those do not have a strong tendency to give up or accept electrons. Tend to lose electrons Human hand Glass Human hair Nylon Cat fur Silk Cotton Steel Wood Amber Ebonite Plastic wrap Teflon Tend to gain electrons (a) Materials in the upper position have tendency to become positively charged. a) no b) medium high 4) low (b) Name two materials which do not have a strong tendency to give up or accept electrons. a) Steel, wood ») Plastic wrap, Teflon ©) Ebonite, Nylon 4) Nylon, cat fur (© Ifhuman hair is rubbed with amber, how those will be charged? a) Hair will be negatively charged, Amber) Both positive will be positively charged. ©) Hair will be positively charged, Amber _d) Both negative will be negatively charged, (@)__Triboelectric charging is the process of electron transfer between two objects 1 a) By contact, ) Without contact ' 1 ' ! ©) By anyone of these 4) By none of these ! ' R ' 1 be ' 1 The object which loses electron becomes. charged and the object gains electron becomes ' charge. a) positively, positively b) negatively, positively ©) negatively, negatively @) positively, negatively Section E 31. A compound microscope consists of an objective lens of focal length 2.0 cm and an eyepiece of focal length [5] 6.25 cm separated by a distance of 15 cm. How far from the objective should an object be placed in order to obtain the final image at a. the least distance of distinct vision (25 cm), and Page 7 of 19b. at infinity? ‘What is the magnifying power of the microscope in each case? oR ‘When a parallel beam of a monochromatic source of light of wavelength is incident on a single slit of width a, show how the diffraction pattern is formed at the screen by the interference of the wavelets from the slit. Show that, a besides the central maxima at 6 = 0, secondary maxima are observed at @ = (n+ ) 4 and the minima at 6 Why do secondary maxima get weaker in intensity with increasing n? 32. A parallel plate capacitor is charged by a battery. After some time the battery is disconnected anda dielectric [5] slab with its thickness equal to the plate separation is inserted between the plates. What change, in any will take place in i. charge on the plates i, electric field intensity between the plates iii, the capacitance of the capacitor, iv, a potential difference between the plates and v, the energy stored in the capacitor? Justify your answer in each case, oR Derive an expression forthe electric potential at a point due to an electric dipole. Mention the contrasting features of electric potential of a dipole at a point as compared to that due to a single charge. 33. i, Prove that an ideal capacitor in an ac circuit does not dissipate power. 1 An inductor of 200 mH, a capacitor of 400 ef, and a resistor of 10 © are connected in series to ac source of 50 V of vi be frequency. Calculate the a. the angular frequency at which maximum power dissipation occurs in the circuit and the corresponding, value of the effective current and b. value of Q-factor in the circuit. 1 oR 1 1 In the following circuit, calculate: t i the capacitance ofthe capacitor, ifthe power factor ofthe circuit is unity, i the Q-factor ofthis circuit. What is the significance of the Q-factor in ac circuit? Given the angular frequency of the ac source to be 100 rad/s. Calculate the average power dissipated in the circuit, ‘ wa 200m 1 + 8882 J 1 j tt 1 1 c 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Page 8 of 19