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JGJGJ

The document outlines a course on computer systems, covering the internal design, functionality, and components of computers, along with practical applications using a hardware simulator. It discusses various types of computers, their uses in individual and organizational contexts, and the impact of computers on society, including education, business, and healthcare. The course includes assessments such as assignments, quizzes, a midterm, and a final exam.

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9 views30 pages

JGJGJ

The document outlines a course on computer systems, covering the internal design, functionality, and components of computers, along with practical applications using a hardware simulator. It discusses various types of computers, their uses in individual and organizational contexts, and the impact of computers on society, including education, business, and healthcare. The course includes assessments such as assignments, quizzes, a midterm, and a final exam.

Uploaded by

alrashidy015
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 30

Field of Technological Industries

For All Programs

Computer Science (ETP211): (Lec2)

Dr : Wael Mohamed Fawaz Date : 7 / 10 / 2024


COURSE DESCRIPTION
This course is an introduction to computer systems. In this course we will
begin by exploring the internal design and functionality of the most basic
computer components. From there, we will use an online hardware simulator
to actually “build” a computer and develop an assembler from the ground
using concepts we will learn in the class. In the process, we will cover the
ideas and techniques used in the design of modern computer hardware and
discuss major trade-offs involved in system design as well as future trends in
computer architecture and how those trends might affect tomorrow’s
computers
Text Book:

- L. Null and J. Lobur. The essentials of computer


organization and architecture. Boston: Jones & Bartlett,
5th Ed. 2019.
- Peter Norton, Introduction to Computers, McGraw Hill, 7th
Ed. 2017.
Grade
• Assignments (15%)
• Quizzes (10%)
• Midterm (25%)
• Final exam (50%)
A computer is an electronic machine, operating
according to instructions stored in its memory
that can accept data as input, process it, produce
information as output, and store the results.
Basically, a computer transforms data into
information.

Data is a collection of unprocessed items, which


can include numbers, text, figure, video, and
audio.

Information is a knowledge that is transferred and


is useful to people.
Elements of an Information System
The way to think about a microcomputer is to
realize that it is one part of an information system.
There are several parts of an information system:

• Hardware is any part of the computer you can


touch. Input and output devices, and the system
case are all examples of hardware. It is controlled by
software and processes data to create information.

• Software is a set of instructions to control the


computer to convert data into information .
• Data consist of individual facts including text,
numbers, images, and sound. Information is data
that has been processed by the computer.

• People are an essential part of the system. The


purpose of information systems is to make people,
or end users, more productive.

• Procedures are instructions or rules to follow


when using hardware, software, and data. They are
usually documented in manuals written by
computer professionals.
The Computer Defined
• Electronic device
• Converts data into information
• Modern computers are digital
– Two digits combine to make data (0, 1)

1A-4
Computers for Individual Use
• Computers can
be shared by
multiple users
but can be used
by only one
person at a time.

1A-7
Computers for Individual Use
• Desktop computers
– The most common type of computer
– Sits on the desk or floor
– Performs a variety of tasks

1A-9
Computers for Individual Use
• Desktop computers
– Different design types

1A-10
Computers for Individual Use
• Workstations
– Specialized computers
– Optimized for science or graphics
– More powerful than a desktop

1A-11
Computers for Individual Use
• Notebook computers
– Small portable computers
– Weighs between 3 and 8 pounds

1A-12
Computers for Individual Use
• Tablet computers
– Newest development
in portable
computers
– Input is through
a pen
– Run specialized
versions of office
products

1A-14
Computers for Individual Use
• Handheld computers, palm computer
– Very small computers
– Personal Digital Assistants (PDA)
– Note taking or contact management
– Data can synchronize with a desktop

1A-15
Computers for Individual Use
• Smart phones
– Hybrid of
cell phone
and PDA
– Web surfing,
e-mail access

1A-16
Computers for Organizations
• Network servers
– Centralized computer
– All other computers connect

1A-17
Computers for Organizations
• Network servers
– Provides access to network resources
– Multiple servers are called server farms
– Often simply a powerful desktop: Google

1A-18
Computers for Organizations
• Mainframes
– Used in large organizations
– Handle thousands of users
– Users access through a terminal

1A-21
Computers for Organizations
• Minicomputers
– Called midrange computers
– Power between mainframe and desktop
– Handle hundreds of users
– Used in smaller organizations
– Users access through a terminal

1A-23
Computers for Organizations
• Supercomputers
– The most powerful
computers made
– Handle large and
complex calculations
– Process trillions of
operations per
second
– Found in research
organizations

1A-24
Computers in Society
• More impact than any other invention
– Changed work and leisure activities
– Used by all demographic groups
• Computers are important because:
– Provide information to users
– Information is critical to our society
– Managing information is difficult

1A-25
Computers in Society
• The benefits of using computers
– As varied as users

1A-27
Computers in Society
• Computers at home
– Computers are used for
• Business
• Entertainment
• Schoolwork
• Finances

1A-29
Computers in Society
• Computers in education
– Computer literacy required at all levels

1A-30
Computers in Society
• Computers in small business
– Makes businesses more profitable
– Allows owners to manage

1A-31
Computers in Society
• Computers in industry
– Computers are
used to design
products
– Assembly
lines are
automated

1A-32
Computers in Society
• Computers in government
– Necessary to track data for population
• Police officers

• Tax calculation and collection


– Governments were the first computer users

1A-33
Computers in Society
• Computers in health care
– Revolutionized health care
– New treatments possible
– Scheduling of patients has improved
– Delivery of medicine is safer

1A-34

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