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Heredity CH 6 Menstrual Cycle Worksheet

The document explains the menstrual cycle, which begins during puberty and typically lasts 28 days, consisting of four main stages: menstruation, egg ripening, ovulation, and the egg's journey to the uterus. It also discusses menopause, which occurs between ages 45 and 55 when menstrual cycles stop. Additionally, it provides tips for maintaining health during menstruation, including managing cramps and practicing good hygiene.

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RITA MAGUNDAYAO
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13 views3 pages

Heredity CH 6 Menstrual Cycle Worksheet

The document explains the menstrual cycle, which begins during puberty and typically lasts 28 days, consisting of four main stages: menstruation, egg ripening, ovulation, and the egg's journey to the uterus. It also discusses menopause, which occurs between ages 45 and 55 when menstrual cycles stop. Additionally, it provides tips for maintaining health during menstruation, including managing cramps and practicing good hygiene.

Uploaded by

RITA MAGUNDAYAO
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Name: Class: Date:

THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE


Menstruation, or having periods, begins during puberty. For most girls, periods
start sometime between ages 9 and 16. The average age to start is 12 to 13.

The menstrual cycle is the monthly cycle of changes that happens in the female
reproductive system. During the menstrual cycle, an egg develops in an ovary. At the same
time, the uterus prepares for the arrival of a fertilized egg. Because each body is different,
the time it takes to complete one menstrual cycle is different between different women.
Cycles vary from 20-40 days. The average cycle is 28 days.

The menstrual cycle has 4 main stages:

Stage 1: Menstruation

This is the time of bleeding, or the period.


The inner lining of the uterus (the
endometrium) flows out of the body through
the vagina. Periods usually last between 3 to
7 days. About 4 tablespoons of fluid leaves
the uterus during a period. The first day of a
woman’s period is considered “Day 1” of her
menstrual cycle.

Stage 2: Egg Ripening and Uterus Lining


Buildup

This phase begins when the period is over.


As the egg matures, the lining of the uterus
gets thicker. This takes 6 to 12 days.

Stage 3: Ovulation

This is the midpoint of the menstrual cycle.


Hormones cause the chamber around the egg
(called the follicle) to break open and release
the mature egg into the fallopian tube. This
is called ovulation. Now the woman can
become pregnant. Ovulation usually occurs
on Day 14 of a woman’s menstrual cycle.
Some women experience slight discomfort,
such as
cramps, during ovulation.

Stage 4: Egg Travels to Uterus

This is the most stable part of the menstrual cycle. It last about 14 days for most women.
During this stage, the uterus is ready to receive a fertilized egg. The egg usually takes 3 to
4 days to reach the uterus. If the egg has been fertilized by a sperm cell, it attaches to the
thick, blood-filled lining of the uterus. This is the start of pregnancy. If an egg is not
fertilized, the egg and the lining of the uterus breaks down. The extra blood and tissue of
the uterus begins to pass out of her body through the vagina, and the woman begins her
period.
Menopause

A women’s menstrual cycle continues during the years that she can reproduce,
except during pregnancy, when she has no periods. This is because the uterus lining must
stay thick and healthy for 9
months while the fetus is developing inside it. Menstrual cycles eventually stop, usually
between the ages of 45 and 55. When her periods stop, a woman has reached a stage
called menopause.

Staying Healthy

Menstruation is a normal, healthy part of a woman’s life. Girls can do everything they
usually do while they are menstruating, such as exercise, swim, and bathe. Here are some
tips to stay healthy:

- Some girls and woman experience cramps the first day of their periods. These can
be dull, achy pains in the stomach area. They can also be sharp and painful.

- You can prevent or minimize cramps by exercising regularly, eating a well-balanced


diet, and getting enough sleep. Using a heating pad on your stomach area and taking
some regular pain reliever medications can also help. If cramps are severe, see your
doctor.

- If you use tampons when you are menstruating, change it every 3-4 hours. If it is more
comfortable, consider wearing a pad at night.

- Practice good hygiene by showering or bathing daily with mild soap.

REVIEW - THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE


Word Bank
menstrual cycle uterus fertilized cervix egg
days ovary blood vessels menstruation period

1. Fill In The Blanks

In the menstrual cycle, the releases an every


. Each time an egg is released, the must prepare itself for a
fertilized egg. A thick lining full of slowly develops. If the egg is fertilized, it
passes into the uterus and attaches itself to the uterus wall. If the ovum is not fertilized, it
passes out of the uterus. The uterus lining will begin to break down and exit through the
vagina. This process is called
, otherwise known as a “ ”. The menstrual cycle allows the
uterus to grow a fresh lining every time a(n) is released to provide fresh and healthy
conditions for the growing embryo.
2. Interpreting A Diagram

Look at the diagram. For each sentence below it, write the matching letter from the diagram in the
box.

B C D
A A

Day 1 Day 3-7 Day 14 Day 28

Description of Events Letter


The uterus lining is thick and waiting for a fertilized egg.
The uterus lining begins to gradually thicken up again.
The egg is released by the ovary (ovulation).
The released egg is traveling down the fallopian tube to be fertilized.
The thick lining of the uterus breaks down and flows out slowly.
(Challenge) A woman is fertile during this period only

3. Short Answer Questions

1. What starts on Day 1 of the menstrual cycle?

2. Approximately how long does it take the uterus lining to build up again after menstruation?

3. Why is it necessary to build up the uterus lining every month, again and again?

4. Why do you think it is a good thing that a woman’s menstrual cycle stops around the
ages of 45-55 (called menopause) and she can no longer produce children?

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