1028 Electrical Technology

3. A 230 V series motor is taking 50 A. Resistance of armature and series field windings is 0.2 Ω and
0.1 Ω respectively. Calculate :
(a) brush voltage (b) back e.m.f.
(c) power wasted in armature (d) mechanical power developed
[(a) 215 V (b) 205 V (c) 500 W (d) 13.74 h.p.] (10.25 kW)
4. Calculate the shaft power of a series motor having the following data; overall efficiency 83.5%,
speed 550 r.p.m. when taking 65 A; motor resistance 0.2 Ω, flux per pole 25 mWb, armature winding
lap with 1200 conductor.
(15.66 kW)
5. A shunt motor running on no-load takes 5 A at 200 V. The resistance of the field circuit is 150 Ω and
of the armature 0.1 Ω. Determine the output and efficiency of motor when the input current is 120 A
at 200 V. State any conditions assumed. (89.8%)
6. A d.c. shunt motor with interpoles has the following particulars :
Output power ; 8,952 kW, 440-V, armature resistance 1.1 Ω, brush contact drop 2 V, interpole wind-
ing resistance 0.4 Ω shunt resistance 650 Ω, resistance in the shunt regulator 50 Ω. Iron and friction
losses on full-load 450 W. Calculate the efficiency when taking the full rated current of 24 A.
(85%)
7. A d.c. series motor on full-load takes 50 A from 230 V d.c. mains. The total resistance of the motor
is 0.22 Ω. If the iron and friction losses together amount to 5% of the input, calculate the power
delivered by the motor shaft. Total voltage drop due to the brush contact is 2 A. (10.275 kW)
8. A 2-pole d.c shunt motor operating from a 200 V supply takes a full-load current of 35 A, the no-
load current being 2 A. The field resistance is 500 Ω and the armature has a resistance of 0.6 Ω.
Calculate the efficiency of the motor on full-load. Take the brush drop as being equal to 1.5 V per
brush arm. Neglect temperature rise.
[Rajiv Gandhi Tech. Univ. Bhopal,2000] (82.63%)

OBJECTIVE TESTS – 29
1. In a d.c. motor, undirectional torque is produced (a) armature current multiplied by back e.m.f.
with the help of (b) power input minus losses
(a) brushes (b) commutator (c) power output multiplied by efficiency
(c) end-plates (d) both (a) and (b) (d) power output plus iron losses
2. The counter e.m.f. of a d.c. motor 6. The induced e.m.f. in the armature conductors
(a) often exceeds the supply voltage of a d.c. motor is
(b) aids the applied voltage (a) sinusoidal (b) trapezoidal
(c) helps in energy conversion (c) rectangular (d) alternating
(d) regulates its armature voltage 7. A d.c. motor can be looked upon as d.c. genera-
3. The normal value of the armature resistance of a tor with the power flow
d.c. motor is (a) reduced (b) reversed
(a) 0.005 (b) 0.5 (c) increased (d) modified
(c) 10 (d) 100 8. In a d.c. motor, the mechanical output power
(Grad. I.E.T.E. June 1987) actually comes from
4. The Eb/V ratio of a d.c. motor is an indication of (a) field system
its (b) air-gap flux
(a) efficiency (b) speed regulation (c) back e.m.f.
(c) starting torque (d) Running Torque (d) electrical input power
(Grad. I.E.T.E. June 1987) 9. The maximum torque of d.c. motors is limited
5. The mechanical power developed by the arma- by
ture of a d.c. motor is equal to (a) commutation (b) heating
 D.C. Motor 1029
(c) speed (d) armature current (c) increase by about 10 per cent
10. Which of the following quantity maintains the (d) increase by 20 per cent.
same direction whether a d.c. machine runs as a 19. If the pole flux of a d.c. motor approaches zero,
generator or as a motor ? its speed will
(a) induced e.m.f. (b) armature current (a) approach zero
(c) field current (d) supply current (b) approach infinity
11. Under constant load conditions, the speed of a (c) no change due to corresponding change in
d.c. motor is affected by back e.m.f.
(a) field flux (b) armature current (d) approach a stable value somewhere between
(c) back e.m.f. (d) both (b) and (c) zero and infinity.
12. It is possible to increase the field flux and, at the 20. If the field circuit of a loaded shunt motor is
same time, increase the speed of a d.c. motor suddenly opened
provided its .......... is held constant. (a) it would race to almost infinite speed
(a) applied voltage (b) it would draw abnormally high armature
(b) torque current
(c) Armature circuit resistance (c) circuit breaker or fuse will open the circuit
(d) armature current before too much damage is done to the motor
13. The current drawn by a 120 - V d.c. motor of (d) torque developed by the motor would be
armature resistance 0.5 Ω and back e.m.f. 110 V reduced to zero.
is .......... ampere. 21. Which of the following d.c. motor would be suit-
(a) 20 (b) 240 able for drives requiring high starting torque but
(c) 220 (d) 5 only fairly constant speed such as crushers ?
14. The shaft torque of a d.c. motor is less than its (a) shunt (b) series
armature torque because of .......... losses. (c) compound (d) permanent magnet
(a) copper (b) mechanical 22. A d.c. shunt motor is found suitable to drive fans
(c) iron (d) rotational because they require
15. A d.c. motor develops a torque of 200 N-m at (a) small torque at start up
25 rps. At 20 rps it will develop a torque of (b) large torque at high speeds
.......... N-m. (c) practically constant voltage
(a) 200 (b) 160 (d) both (a) and (b)
(c) 250 (d) 128 23. Which of the following load would be best driven
16. Neglecting saturation, if current taken by a series by a d.c. compound motor ?
motor is increased from 10 A to 12 A, the (a) reciprocating pump
percentage increase in its torque is ........ percent (b) centrifugal pump
(a) 20 (b) 44 (c) electric locomotive
(c) 30.5 (d) 16.6 (d) fan
17. If load on a d.c. shunt motor is increased, its 24. As the load is increased, the speed of a d.c. shunt
speed is decreased due primarily to motor
(a) increase in its flux (a) increases proportionately
(b) decrease in back e.m.f. (b) remains constant
(c) increase in armature current (c) increases slightly
(d) increase in brush drop (d) reduces slightly
18. If the load current and flux of a d.c. motor are 25. Between no-load and full-load, .......... motor
held constant and voltage applied across its develops the least torque
armature is increased by 10 per cent, its speed (a) series
will
(b) shunt
(a) decrease by about 10 per cent
(c) cumulative compound
(b) remain unchanged
(d) differential compound
1030 Electrical Technology

26. The Ta/Ia graph of a d.c. series motor is a (b) cranes and hoists
(a) parabola from no-load to overload (c) shears and punches
(b) straight line throughout (d) machine tools
(c) parabola throughout 31. A 220 V shunt motor develops a torque of 54
(d) parabola upto full-load and a straight line N-m at armature current of 10 A. The torque
at overloads. produced when the armature current is 20 A, is
27. As compared to shunt and compound motors, (a) 54 N-m (b) 81 N-m
series motor has the highest torque because of (c) 108 N-m (d) None of the above
its comparatively .......... at the start. (Elect. Machines, A.M.I.E. Sec. B, 1993)
(a) lower armature resistance 32. The d.c. series motor should never be switched
(b) stronger series field on at no load because
(c) fewer series turns (a) the field current is zero
(d) larger armature current (b) The machine does not pick up
28. Unlike a shunt motor, it is difficult for a series (c) The speed becomes dangerously high
motor to stall under heavy loading because (d) It will take too long to accelerate.
(a) it develops high overload torque (Grad. I.E.T.E. June 1988)
(b) its flux remains constant 33. A shunt d.c. motor works on a.c. mains
(c) it slows down considerably (a) unsatisfactorily (b) satisfactorily
(d) its back e.m.f. is reduced to almost zero. (c) not at all (d) none of the above
29. When load is removed, .......... motor will run at (Elect. Machines, A.M.I.E. Sec. B, 1993)
the highest speed. 34. A 200 V, 10 A motor could be rewound for 100
(a) shunt V, 20 A by using .......... as many turns per coil
(b) cumulative-compound of wire, having .......... the cross-sectional area.
(c) differential compound (a) twice, half
(d) series (b) thrice, one third
30. A series motor is best suited for driving (c) half, twice
(a) lathes (d) four times, one-fourth

ANSWERS
1. (d) 2. (c) 3.(b) 4. (a) 5. (a) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (d) 9. (a) 10. (a) 11 . (a )
12. (d) 13. (a) 14. (d) 15. (a) 16. (b) 17. (b) 18. (c) 19. (b) 20. (c) 21. (c) 22. (d)
23. (a) 24. (d) 25. (a) 26. (d) 27. (b) 28. (a) 29. (d) 30. (b) 31. (c) 32. (c) 33. (a)
34. (c).

GO To FIRST