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WEEK 02: GIS TERRAIN + ILLUSTRATOR INTRODUCTION

Open ArcGIS Pro

1. Add the DEM file that was shared on the Google Drive called 0360002700_DEM to your ArcMap file
2. A black & white image will load. This image is a raster image, where each pixel represents a spot
elevation. When you first load the DEM, it will likely show as a black and white image, with black as the
lowest points and white as the highest points.
3. Change the color ramp of the DEM to a color palette that works best for you.
a. Click on the small arrow next to your DEM layer in the Contents panel; a gradient range will
appear.
b. Double click on this gradient. On the right side of your screen, a Symbology panel will appear.
c. In the panel, under Primary Symbology select Stretched. This will give your DEM the
appearance of a smooth gradient of colors for whatever color ramp you choose.
d. Next to Color Scheme, select a few different options to see how the different colors help you
read the DEM values differently. You can check the box next to “Invert” if you want to switch
which color represents the high or low values of the DEM.
4. Alternatively, you can divide the DEM into distinct colors that “break” as specified intervals. (This can
be helpful if you would like to highlight a particular range of elevations, for example). To do this:
a. In the dropdown menu under Primary Symbology, select Classify.
b. Notice how now, rather than appearing as a gradient, the DEM is broken down into 5 separate
colors, where one color represents elevations within a specified range.
c. Next to Classes change the number in the drop down bar to 10. This changes the number of
groups the DEM is classified into. ArcGIS will automatically decide on the breaks, or division
points between groups.
d. If you would like to change where the breaks between groups occur, click the dropdown menu
next to Method.
i. Next to Method there are several options for how to mathematically define the
breaks. For today, use the Manual Interval option.
ii. At the bottom of the Symbology panel, you should see a chart with the tabs Classes,
Mask, and Histogram. Click on the Classes tab and you will see the numeric value
where the DEM is being divided into different colors. Double click on each value and
type in the value where you would like to separate the DEM. For example, you could
type 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 so that the DEM would be broken down into 10m
intervals.
e. At this point, if you were to export your map, you could open it in Illustrator and use the
polygons you created to show contours of your site.
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Generating Hillshade

1. You will now use your DEM to create a new visualization of the topography, similar to how the sun
would shade the land in real life.
2. Click the Analysis tab and click on Tools. The Tool panel will appear on the right side of your screen.
3. Type Hillshade into the search bar at the top of the Geoprocessing panel. The top search result should
be Hillshade, click on this.
4. Under Parameters tab, click the drop down menu under Input Raster and select your DEM file.
5. Under Output Raster type a name for the new hillshade you will be creating.
6. Click the folder next to Output Raster and select a folder to save this new data.
7. The azimuth is expressed in positive degrees from 0 to 360, measured clockwise from north. You can
change this to vary the angle of the sun. For now, leave it as the default of 315 degrees.
8. Altitude angle of the light source above the horizon. The altitude is expressed in positive degrees, with
0 degrees at the horizon and 90 degrees directly overhead. For now, leave it as the default of 45 degrees.
9. Click Run at the bottom of the panel, and the new hillshade file will be generated and added to the top
of your map.

Generating Aspect

10. You will now use your DEM to create a new visualization of the topography, which categorizes the land
based on which direction each slope faces.
11. Click the Analysis tab and click on Tools. The Tool panel will appear on the right side of your screen.
12. Type Aspect into the search bar at the top of the Geoprocessing panel. The top search result should be
Aspect, click on this.
13. Under Parameters tab, click the drop down menu under Input Raster and select your DEM file.
14. Under Output Raster type a name for the new aspect file you will be creating.
15. Click the folder next to Output Raster and select a folder to save this new data.
16. Under Method, select Planar.
17. Click Run at the bottom of the panel, and the new hillshade file will be generated and added to the top
of your map.
18. You will get a very colorful interpretation of your map, with a different color representing each aspect.
You can change the colors by double clicking on the color palette under the Aspect layer and switching
the color scheme, or even selecting individual colors for each aspect value.

Generating Slope

19. You will now use your DEM to create a new visualization of the topography, which categorizes the land
based on slope intensity.
20. Click the Analysis tab and click on Tools. The Tool panel will appear on the right side of your screen.
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21. Type Slope into the search bar at the top of the Geoprocessing panel. The top search result should be
Slope, click on this.
22. Under Parameters tab, click the drop down menu under Input Raster and select your DEM file.
23. Under Output Raster type a name for the new aspect file you will be creating.
24. Click the folder next to Output Raster and select a folder to save this new data.
25. Under Output measurement, select Percent Rise.
26. Under Method, select Planar.
27. Leave Z Factor as 1.
28. Click Run at the bottom of the panel, and the new hillshade file will be generated and added to the top
of your map.
29. You will get a very colorful interpretation of your map, with a different color representing each slope
intensity. You can change the colors by double clicking on the color palette under the Aspect layer and
switching the color scheme, or even selecting individual colors for each aspect value.

Tiling DEMs

1. Add the following DEM layers to your map:

a. 0360002700_DEM.img
b. 0360002800_DEM.img
c. 0360002600_DEM.img
d. 0350002800_DEM.img
e. 0350002700_DEM.img
f. 0350002600_DEM.img
g. 0370002600_DEM.img
h. 0370002700_DEM.img
i. 0370002800_DEM.img
2. Go to the View tab and open the Geoprocessing toolbox.
3. In the Geoprocessing panel that opens on the right side of your screen, search for Mosaic to New
Raster. This tool should show up at the top of your search results; click on it.
4. Under Parameters → Input Rasters, add all 9 DEMs listed in step 1.
5. Select a folder to save your new, merged DEM in the Output Location box.
6. Under Raster Dataset Name with Extension, type your name for the new DEM. Be sure to add
“.img” at the end so that the file is saved as a raster image file.
7. For Spatial Reference for Raster, select Current Map [Map]
8. Leave Cellsize blank
9. For Number of Bands, put 1
10. Leave Mosaic Operator as Last
11. Leave Mosaic Colormap Mode as First.
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12. Click Run. This may take a few minutes to complete.

13. Your merged DEM will automatically be added to your map. You will notice that the cells have been
reorganized so that you no longer see seams between the DEMs, because they have been sorted to all
part of the same gradient spectrum, with the same High and Low values.

ADDITIONAL DATA SELECTION METHODS

1. In addition to selecting by attribute (which we went over last week) you can select your data by
proximity to other data.
2. To do this, go to the Map tab → Select by Location
3. For Input Features, in the first dropdown tab choose the layer you want to 1select shapefiles from
4. For Relationship, choose Intersect from the dropdown (there are many other options, which you can
test out on your own).
5. From Selecting Features, choose the layer that you want to be the spatial feature your want your Input
Feature to intersect with.
6. For Search Distance, leave this blank. (If you were selecting shapefiles within a certain distance of the
selecting feature, then you would enter a numeric value here and choose the unit of measurement at the
right).
7. Under Selection Type, choose New Selection
8. Click Apply to preview your results. If you are satisfied with them, click OK.

EXPORTING GIS MAP TO ILLUSTRATOR

1. For this method to work, you need to have installed ArcGIS Maps for Adobe plugin. Download is
available here:
a. https://www.esri.com/en-us/arcgis/products/maps-for-adobecc/downloads
b. Click the Windows Download option below “Download the current version of ArcGIS
Maps for Adobe Creative Cloud”
c. Open the Windows installer and follow the prompts - make sure any Adobe software is closed
while doing the Installation.
2. Now, in ArcMap, open your project from last class. With your Layout tab open, go to the Share panel
at the top of the screen and choose Export Layout.
3. In the Export Layout Panel on the right side of the screen, choose the following settings:
a. File Type: AIX
b. Name: Click the folder and choose a place to save your file, and give it a name
c. Do not check the box next to Clip to graphics extent
d. Check the box next to Keep layout background.
e. Image compression: Adaptive
f. Quality: slide close to Max

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g. Check the box next to Compress vector Graphics

h. Vector Resolution: 300 DPI
i. Check the box next to Embed fonts
j. Leave all other settings as is
4. Click Export

IMPORTING INTO ILLUSTRATOR

1. Open Illustrator
2. Go to the Window menu and choose Extensions → ArcGIS Maps for Adobe Creative Cloud
3. You will need to sign into your RISD GIS Account: click the ArcGIS Online Sign In option.
4. Click the second option: Your ArcGIS organization’s URL and type “RISD” in the fill in box. Click
Continue
5. Log in with your ArcGIS username and password for RISD and click the blue Sign In button
6. Follow any additional prompts (duo security, etc.) until you have completed the login process
7. The ArcGIS Maps: Mapboards will appear. You can drag it to the side and ignore it for now.
8. Now, go to File → Open and navigate to the location where you have saved your AIX file. Click on it
and click Open

Illustrator Interface

1. Illustrator Interface
a. Make sure you have all your essential windows in view by going to the Windows tab and
selecting Workspace → Essentials Classic.
b. Set your page size by clicking on the Artboard Tool in the Tools Panel on the left.
i. The Artboard options will appear at the top of the workspace. Set the width (W) to
18” and the heigh (H) to 24.”
ii. Unselect the Move/Copy Artwork with Artboard icon. Now you can click and
drag the artboard without moving the linework you imported. Center the artboard on
your artwork if needed.
iii. Click on the Mouse tool in the Tool Panel to deactivate the Artboard controls.
c. Right click within the workspace and select Show Rulers.
d. Rulers are useful if you want to add Guides to the workspace to help align your artwork.
Guides are lines that appear horizontally or vertically across the workspace, but do not show
up when you print. To add a guide to your workspace, click on one of the rulers and drag your
mouse to the artboard. Where you release your mouse, a blue/green line will appear across the
workspace. If you hold Shift as you drag, the guide will snap to ⅛” increments, which is useful
if you want the guides to be spaced at specific intervals.
i. You can hide or reveal guides, and lock or unlock guides by going to the View tab and
selecting from the Guides dropdown options.
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ii. You can also reveal or hide the document grid by going to the View tab → Show
Grid or View → Hide Grid. This can also be useful for aligning your artwork.
e. Choose your color mode. Go to File → Document Color Mode → and choose RGB or
CMYK.
i. Note! CMYK is the color setting you should use for printing, and RGB is the color
setting you should use for an image that will be shared via the computer
2. Get familiar with the Layers Panel
a. Click the Layers icon on the right hand side of the workspace (it looks like two rectangles
stacked on top of each other).
b. Create new layers by clicking on the Create New Layers icon at the bottom of the layers
panel.
c. You can create sublayers that are nested within primary layers by clicking on the Create New
Sublayer icon at the bottom of the layers panel.
d. You can reorder layers by clicking and dragging them up and down the layer panel list. Layers at
the top of the layer panel will show up on top in the workspace.
e. Rename the layer by double clicking on it.
f. Move artwork to the new layer by selecting the artwork (by clicking on it). Make sure the new
layer you want to move the artwork to is selected in the Layer panel. Then right click in the
workspace and select Arrange → Send to Current Layer.
g. There is another way you can move artwork between layers. First, click on the three lines at the
top of the layers panel and make sure that Paste Remember Layers is not checked - if it is
checked, it will prevent artwork from moving between layers. Then, select the artwork you
want to move, then Edit → Cut. Make sure the new layer you want to move the artwork to is
selected in the Layer panel. Then select Edit → Paste In Place. The artwork will appear in
the same location in the workspace but will be on the new layer.
h. You can lock layers so they are temporarily uneditable by clicking the box to the left of the layer
name.
i. You can hide layers by clicking on the eye icon to the left of the lock icon.
3. Using Tools
a. The Selection tool functions like a typical mouse. It allows you to select artwork, move it, etc.
b. Direction Selection tool lets you select and edit control points of a shape.
c. Pen tool lets you draw shapes. If you click with the pen tool, it will place a control point that
anchors the edge of the shape you are drawing. If you click and drag with the pen tool, the
control point you place will have handles that control how the line extends on either side of
the control point.
i. If you click and hold the Pen icon, more options will appear that allow you to add
control points to an existing shape, remove control points from an existing shape, etc.
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d. Type creates a word box that you can add text to. When you add text, the Characters panel
will appear at the top of the page. Here you can change the text fill color, stroke color, font,
size, opacity, and so on.
e. Line segment will draw straight lines.
i. If you click and hold the Line segment icon, more options will appear that allow you
to draw arcs, spirals, or rectangular grids.
f. Rectangle will draw rectangles. If you click and hold the Rectangle icon, options of other
shapes will appear.
g. Eyedropper will apply one artwork’s characteristics to another artwork. Select the artwork you
want to change, then click the eyedropper tool, then click on the artwork who’s characteristics
you want to copy and they will be applied to the original artwork you had selected.
4. Using Swatches
a. When you have created a shape, you can change its color using the Swatch panel. You will see
two rectangle in the top left corner of the workspace. The one on the left allows you to edit the
Fill, and the one on the right allows you to edit the Outline.
b. Click on one of the boxes and a dropdown menu will pop up with the colors that are already
used in the document. You can create a new color by clicking the plus icon on the bottom of
the panel. A New Swatch panel will appear. Click and drag the sliders to get the color you
want, then click OK.
c. Change the Stroke Weight by clicking on the drop down next to the text Stroke at the top of
the workspace.
d. If you click on the Stroke text directly, more options will appear in the stroke menu. Here, you
can add arrows or make your line dashed.
5. Exporting to JPG
a. To export, click the File tab → Export → Export As…
b. Set Save as type to JPG
c. Check the box next to Use Artboards
d. If you have multiple artboards, you can export all of them or only certain artboards by entering
their number into the Range box.
e. Save the file with the name you prefer and click Export
f. A new panel will appear. Here, you can choose to change the Color Model to RGB or CMYK,
depending on whether the artwork is going to be printed or not.
g. Set the Quality to Maximum
h. Set the Resolution to High (300 ppi)
i. Leave the other settings as is and click OK to finish the export.
6. Exporting to PDF
a. Click the File tab → Save As . . .
b. Under the Save as type choose PDF.
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c. Save the file with the name you prefer and click Save.