Jothi Internship
Jothi Internship
DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS
TRINITY COLLEGE FOR WOMEN
(ARTS AND SCIENCE)
NAMAKKAL – 637002
JUNE – 2024
CONTENT
CONTENT
1) Internship Training 1
Report
2) Certificate 14
3) Conclusion 15
INTERNSHIP
TRAINING
REPORT
PERIYAR UNIVERSITY
INTERNSHIP TRAINING REPORT
PG STUDENTS – 1 YEAR – 2nd SEMESTER VACATION
1. Name of the Candidate P. JOTHIPRIYA
2. University Examination C23PG117MAT009
Registration Number
3. Name of the College Trinity College For Women,
Namakkal.
4. Name of the Department/ Degree PG Department of
Mathematics/M.Sc.,
5. Name of the Industry / Institution Tamil Medicals,
in which for Internship Training Subramaniyapuram, Mohanur,
Undergone Namakkal.
6. Guide/ Supervisor under whom the Dr. B. LENA, M.Sc., PGDCA.,
M.Phil., M.B.A., B.Ed., Ph.D.,
training undertaken
7. Title of the Training Sales representative
Internal Examiner
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ANNEXURE- I
INTERNSHIP REPORT
Name : P. JOTHIPRIYA
Name of the College : TRINITY COLLEGE FOR WOMEN (ARTS & SCIENCE)
NAMAKKAL.
Mohanur(TK),
Namakkal.
Pharmacy Details : It is one of the top growing Pharmacy in Mohanur and also famous
around that area.
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OVERVIEW OF INTERNSHIP
PHARMACY
The science and practice of discovering, producing, preparing, dispensing, reviewing and monitoring
medications, aiming to ensure the safe, effective, and affordable use of medicines.
KINDS OF PHARMACY
RETAIL PHARMACY
"Retail Pharma" typically refers to the segment of the pharmaceutical industry involved in
the distribution and sale of allopathy medicines and healthcare products directly to consumers
through retail outlets.
These outlets can include pharmacies (both independent and chain pharmacies), drug stores,
and online pharmacies where individuals can purchase prescription and over-the-counter
medications, as well as various healthcare products such as vitamins, supplements, and
personal care items.
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In essence, retail pharma focuses on making medications and healthcare products accessible
to the public, ensuring they are available for purchase in convenient locations or through
online platforms.
ALLOPATHY MEDICINES
Symptom-based diagnosis
Use of prescription medications to treat symptoms and diseases
Surgical interventions to repair or remove damaged tissues
Evidence-based medical practices guided by scientific research
Focus on treating the disease or condition rather than the whole person.
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Vaccinations for disease prevention
Ex: COVID-19 Vaccine
TYPES OF MEDICINES
Internal Medicines
Emergency Medicines
Surgical Medicines
INTERNAL MEDICINES
Internal medicine is a branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and
treatment of adult diseases.
They often serve as primary care physicians for adults or as consultants to other medical
specialists.
Amoxicillin
Azithromycin
Erythromycin
EMERGENCY MEDICINES
Emergency medicine is the branch of medical care that deals with urgent or life-threatening
medical conditions.
It focuses on rapid assessment, stabilization, and treatment of patients who require
immediately medical attention due to accidents, injuries, acute illnesses, or other critical
conditions.
Their goal is to provide timely and effective care to stabilize patients and initiate treatment
until further care can be provided or the patient's condition improves.
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Some Drugs for Emergency Medicines
Adrenaline
Dopamine
Atropine
SURGICAL MEDICINES
"Surgical medicine" simply refers to the practice of using surgery as a treatment method for
various medical conditions.
Surgeons perform operations where they make incisions (cuts) in the body to treat injuries,
diseases, or to improve bodily functions.
It's a specialized field where doctors are trained to perform precise procedures to repair or
remove damaged tissues, correct deformities, or address internal issues.
PRESCRIPTION:
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TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTION
HANDLING OF A PRESCRIPTION
The following steps are to be followed during handling of a prescription for compounding and
dispensing:
Receiving
Reading and Checking
Collecting and Weighing the material
Compounding, Labelling and Packing
RECEIVING
On receiving the prescription the pharmacist should check the prescription whether it is
written in a proper format.
The prescription should always be screened behind the counter.
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Any doubts in case of prescription ingredients or drugs and directions he should discuss
with another senior pharmacist or physician but not with the patient.
Error in dosage
Wrong drug or dosage form
Contra indicated drugs
Synergistic and Antagonistic drugs
Drug interactions
Before compounding the prescription, all the materials required for it are collected on the
left side of the balance.
After weighing each material should be shifted on to the right side of the balance.
The compounded materials should be filled in a suitable container based on quantity and
use.
The size of the label should be proportional to the size of the container.
While compounding label of the stock bottle should be read at least three times to
avoid any error:
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DOSE CALCULATION
Dose calculation in pharmacy is a critical aspect of ensuring patient safety and efficacy of treatment.
Pharmacists and pharmacy technicians routinely perform dose calculations to determine the
appropriate amount of medication a patient should receive based on factors such as age, weight,
condition severity, and drug characteristics. Here are key components involved in dose calculation:
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PEDIATRIC DOSE CALCULATION
Pediatric dose calculation in pharmacy involves determining the appropriate dosage of medications
for children, taking into account their age, weight, and sometimes other factors like body surface area.
Here are key considerations and methods used in pediatric dose calculations:
Age and Weight: These are fundamental factors in determining pediatric dosages.
Infants and children metabolize drugs differently than adults due to variations in organ
function and body composition.
Body Surface Area (BSA): Sometimes used for drugs where the dosage is weight-
based and adjusted for BSA, especially in chemotherapy or certain antibiotics. BSA is
calculated using formulas such as the Mosteller formula (BSA in m² = √(height in cm *
weight in kg / 3600)).
Dose Formulations: Pediatric doses often need adjustments because many medications
are not available in pediatric-specific formulations. Liquid formulations are commonly used
and often require accurate measuring devices like oral syringes or droppers.
Age-Based Formulas: For certain medications, dose calculation formulas based on age
are used. For example, Young's rule (Dose = (Age in years / (Age in years + 12)) * Adult
dose) and Clark's rule (Dose = (Weight in kg / 70) * Adult dose) are sometimes used,
although weight-based calculations are generally preferred.
Drug Characteristics: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in children differ
from adults, influencing dosage requirements. Factors like renal function and liver
metabolism also plays significant roles in drug clearance and dosage determination.
Safety Considerations: Pediatric dose calculations require strict adherence to safety
protocols to prevent dosage errors. Double-checking calculations, verifying against
guidelines, and considering any special patient circumstances (e.g., premature infants,
comorbidities) are crucial.
Monitoring and Adjustments: Monitoring therapeutic response and potential
adverse effects is essential, as children may react differently to medications compared to
adults. Dose adjustments may be necessary based on clinical response and monitoring of drug
levels if available.
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CLARK’S RULE
Benjamin J. Delgado;
Anthony O. Safadi;
Tushar Bajaj.
Introduction
Clark's rule is an equation used to calculate pediatric medication dosage based on the known weight
of a patient and a known adult dose of medication to be used. Clark's rule equation is defined as the
weight of the patient in pounds divided by the average standard weight of 150 pounds (68 kg)
multiplied by the adult dose of a drug to obtain the pediatric medication dose, as is demonstrated
below:
Clark's rule is a known pediatric medication dosing rule described in the medical literature that
utilizes the patient's weight to calculate medication dosage.
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Dosage calculation for Tablets:
MEDICAL DEVICES
Medical devices in pharmacy settings encompass a variety of tools and equipment used for
diagnostics, treatment, and patient care.
Pharmacies may stock and offer some of these devices for sale, while others are used by
pharmacists to assist in patient care, monitoring, and education.
Nebulizers:
Devices that convert liquid medication into a fine mist for
inhalation, commonly used to administer respiratory
medications such as bronchodilators and
Corticosteroids.
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Thermometers:
Instruments used to measure body temperature, crucial for monitoring
fever or hypothermia.
Oxygen Concentrators:
Devices that extract oxygen from ambient air for patients who
require supplemental oxygen therapy.
Mobility Aids:
Canes, walkers, and wheelchairs are sometimes available in
pharmacies to assist patients with mobility challenges.
Orthopedic Supports:
Braces, splints, and supports for joints and muscles to aid in injury
recovery or provide stability.
Diagnostics Kits:
Tests for conditions such as pregnancy, cholesterol levels, and
infectious diseases, allowing patients to perform initial screenings at
home.
ALGEBRA:
Algebra helps pharmacists make sure they give their patients the appropriate amount of
medication by helping with dosage calculations and inventory management.
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Differential equations are used to relate the absorptions of drugs in various body organs over time.
INTEGRATED EQUATIONS
Integrated equations are regularly used to model the cumulative therapeutic or toxic
reactions of drugs in the body.
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CONCLUSION
Overall internship, it helps to enhance my skills and also develop my abilities and knowledge
it was a useful experience also I have find out what my strength. I learned new set of ideas on
medical field and it is helpful to my strong my knowledge. The overall experience was good and
everything I learned will be a new set of gaining to the career in future.
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