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Week 2 Discussion of Earth Subsystem

The document discusses Earth's subsystems, including the lithosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and gases (air), detailing their characteristics and interactions. It explains plate tectonics, the concept of Pangaea, and various biosphere processes such as the nitrogen and carbon cycles. Additionally, it covers the water cycle and the atmosphere's role in supporting life on Earth.

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Samantha Erica
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19 views3 pages

Week 2 Discussion of Earth Subsystem

The document discusses Earth's subsystems, including the lithosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and gases (air), detailing their characteristics and interactions. It explains plate tectonics, the concept of Pangaea, and various biosphere processes such as the nitrogen and carbon cycles. Additionally, it covers the water cycle and the atmosphere's role in supporting life on Earth.

Uploaded by

Samantha Erica
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Week 2: Discussion of Earth Subsystem

Earth and Life Science

1. Gases (Air)
2. Biosphere (Life)
3. hydrosphere (Water)
4. lithosphere (solid earth)

1. Lithosphere- (under the geosphere)


⮚ solid outermost shell of a rocky planet. Crust and upper-most solid
mantle.
⮚ Two types of lithosphere: oceanic lithosphere and continental
lithosphere.
⮚ (Under the lithosphere)- Cutaway Earth. The lithosphere is the rocky outer
part of Earth. It is made up of the brittle crust and the top part of the
upper mantle. The lithosphere is the coolest and most rigid part of Earth.

Plate Tectonics
- Tectonic activity describes the interaction of the huge slabs of lithosphere
called tectonic plates.
- The movement of tectonic plates is made possible by thermal energy
(heat) from the mantle part of the lithosphere. Thermal Energy makes the
rocks of the lithosphere more elastic.
- Tectonic activity is responsible for some of earth’s most dramatic
geological events: earthquakes, volcanoes, orogeny (mountain-building),
and deep ocean trenches can all be formed by tectonic activity in the
lithosphere.
- Plate Tectonic is a scientific theory that explains how major landforms are
created as a result of Earth’s subterranean movements.

Pangaea
- Theory that earth is consist of one big plate.
- The word Pangaea comes from the Greek “pan” which means “all” and
“gaia” or “earth” according to the Online Etymology Dictionary. The
supercontinent formed through a gradual process spanning a few
hundred million years. (Alfred Wegener)

San Andreas Fault Tectonic plate boundaries, can be the sites of


mountain-building events, volcanoes, or valley or rift creation.
2. Biosphere
- The life zone of the Earth and includes all having organisms, including
man, and all organize matter that has not yet decomposed.
- Made up of the parts of Earth where life exists. It extends from the deepest
root systems of trees to the dark environment of ocean trenches, to lush
rain forests, and high mountain tops.
Bio= means life
● Biotic- living parts of components
● Abiotic- nonliving parts of components (air, water, temperature)

BIOTIC ABIOTIC
Organic Matter Climate
Living Things Nonliving things
Oysters Sunlight
Blue Crabs Temperature
Zooplankton Nutrient Enrichment
Phytoplankton Humidity
Jellyfish Soil
Ecology- the study of the relationship between organisms and their
environment, and the balances between these relationships.

Biosphere Processes
1. Nitrogen Cycle- approximately 80% of the molecules in Earth’s
atmosphere are made of two nitrogen atoms bonded together (n2)
2. The Carbon Cycle- is a greenhouse gas and traps heat in the atmosphere.
Without it and other greenhouse gases, Earth would be a frozen world.
3. Photosynthesis- process in which plant use sunlight, water, and carbon
dioxide to create oxygen and energy in form of sugar.
4. Food Chain- food web overlapping food chain in ecosystem.

Biosphere Gallery
1. Sundrew- a fruit fly is trapped in the
sticky tentacles of a sundrew plant.
2. Honeybee
3. Giant Kelp
4. Hyena
3. Hydrosphere (water)
- Includes water that is on the surface of the planet, underground, and in
the air. A planet’s hydrosphere can be liquid, vapor, or ice. On Earth,
liquid water exists on the surface in the form of oceans, lakes, and rivers.
- About 70% of the earth is covered with liquid water (hydrosphere) and
much of it is in the form of ocean water.
- Universal solvent
- The abundance of water on Earth is a unique feature that clearly
distinguidhes our “blue plant” from others in the solar system.
- Cryosphere- the frozen part of Earth’s hydrosphere is made of ice caps,
and icebergs.

Water Cycle
- Water collects in clouds, the falls to earth in the form of rain or snow. This
water collects in rivers, lakes, and oceans. Then it evaporates into the
atmosphere to start the cycle all over again.

4. Gases (Air)
Atmosphere- the gaseous layer surrounding the earth and help to its surface
by gravity.
- The atmosphere receives energy from solar radiation which warms the
earth’s surface radiation which warms the earth’s surface and is
re-emitted and conducted to the atmosphere.
- Absorbs water from the earth’s surface via the process of evaporation; it
then acts to redistribute heat and moisture across the earth’s surface.
- Contains subtances that are essential for life, including carbon, nitrogen,
oxygen, and hydrogen.
SPHERES
Atmosphere- earth’s layer, which is made up of a thick layer of gases, solids,
and liquids.
Troposphere- layer of earth’s atmosphere that is closest to the ground,
contains 99% of the water vapor and 75% of gases.
Ionosphere- layer of the atmosphere that contains a high layer of Ozone.
Ultraviolet Radiation- a type of energy that comes from the sun, can damage
skin and cause cancer.
Chlorofluorocarbon- chemical used in refrigerators, airs, conditioners, and
aerosol sprays that can damage the ozone.

Chain Reactions- this means


one interaction leads to
another interaction which
leads to yet another
interaction- it is a ripple effect
through the earth’s spheres.

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