Name: Vũ Nguyễn Đức Anh Class: 9SB2 Date: ……..…….

REVISION
1. Conditional sentences:
a. Type 1:
If + S + V (present), S + will/ won’t + V-inf…
S + should/ can…+ V-inf
Imperatives (V-inf…)
 Possible situations in the present or the future
Ex: + If she studies hard, she will pass the exam.
+ A lot of fish will die if the water is polluted.
+ If you feel tired, you should take a rest.
+ Ask your teacher if you can't find the answer.

*Unless = if…not…
Unless + S + V-inf/ V-s/es… = If + S + don’t/ doesn’t + V-inf…
Unless + S + am/ is/ are… = If + S + am not/ isn’t/ aren’t …
Ex: + She will fail the exam if she doesn’t study hard.
 Unless she studies hard, she will fail the exam.
+ Unless you stop making noise, I will call the police.
 If you don’t stop making noise, I will call the police.
+ I will come with you if I am not busy.
 I will come with you unless I am busy.

b. Type 2:
If + S + V (past simple), S + would/ could/ might + (not) + V-inf…
 Unreal situations in the present
*be  were/ was (for I/ he/ she/ it)
Ex: + If I were you, I would accept their offer.
+ Pigs would fly in the sky if they had wings.
+ If there were fewer cars on the road, there would be less pollution.
*** NOTE: Rewrite the sentences:
 The verbs are in present simple form.  Type 2
Ex: + Jim doesn’t have a car, so he walks to work every morning.
 If Jim had a car, he wouldn’t walk to work every morning.
+ She has a headache after work every because she works in a noisy office.
 If she didn’t work in a noisy office, she wouldn’t have a headache after work every day.

2. Relative clauses:
a. who  for people as a subject/ an object
…who + V…
Ex: The man who is standing over there is Dr. Smith.
…who + S + V…
Ex: They are visiting the woman who they met on holiday.
b. whom  for people as an object
…whom + S + V…
Ex: Do you know the girl whom Tom is talking to?
c. which  for things as a subject/ an object
…which + V…
…which + S + V…
Ex: She likes books which are about horse training.
The movie which we saw last night wasn’t very good.
d. that  for people, for things, for people and things (as a subject/ an object)
…that + V…
…that + S + V…
Ex: The man that/ who is standing over there is Dr. Smith.
The movie that/ which we saw last night wasn’t very good.
We can see farmers and cattle that are going to the field.
*** “that” doesn’t come after a preposition (in, on…) or a comma (,)
*** “that” comes after “superlatives”, “first, second…”, “last, next, only”
Ex: She was the youngest girl that answered all the questions correctly.
e. whose  for possession
…whose + N + V…
…whose + N + S + V…
Ex: He found a cat whose leg was broken.
The boy whose bicycle you borrowed yesterday is Tom
f. where  for places
…where + S + V…
Ex: This is the place where the accident happened.
Paris, where I was born, is a beautiful city.
g. when  for time
…when + S + V…
Ex: Spring is the season when flowers of all kinds are in full blossom.
h. why  for reason
…the reason(s) + why + S + V…
Ex: The reason I didn’t phone you was that I didn’t have your phone number.
Please tell me the reason why you are so sad.
*** NOTE:
where: in which, at which
when: in which, on which
why: for which
Ex: The theater where/ in which I first acted is somewhere around here.
The theater which I first acted in is somewhere around here.
 The reason why/ for which she often gets bad marks is that she doesn’t study hard.

*** NOTE: Defining and non-defining relative clauses:

Defining relative clauses Non-defining relative clauses
 to give essential information about  give extra information about people/
people/ things things
 often go with “proper noun, possessive
adjectives, possessive pronouns, this”
 be separated from the rest of the sentence
Ex: by a comma or commas
+ The woman who lives next door is a doctor. Ex:
+ My brother, who lives in Australia, is a
+ We stayed at the hotel that you doctor.
recommended. + We stayed at the Park Hotel, which a friend
of ours recommended.

3. Articles: a, an, the, Ø (p.22 textbook)

- the UK, the USA, the Netherlands, the Philippines
- the Thames, the Pacific, the Amazon, the Danube
- Lake Victoria, Lake Baikal
- Son Doong Cave, New York, Hanoi, Vietnam, Asia, Europe…

4. Past simple and Past perfect:

 After + S + had + P2, S + V-ed…
 Before/ By the time + S + V-ed, S + had + P2…
 When + S + V-ed, S + had + P2…
 When + S + had + P2, S + V-ed…
 S + V-ed + because + S + had + P2…
 S + V-ed + that + S + had + P2…
Ex:
+ After I had bought a new pen, I found my old one.
+ Fruit flies had been sent into space before Laika the dog made her space journey.
+ By the time we arrived at the canyon, it had stopped snowing.
+ When the boys arrived at the cinema, the film had already started.
+ I left when I had finished my test.
+ Simon got lost because he hadn’t taken a map with him.
+ As soon as I sat down on the train, I realized that I had left my passport at home.

5. Verbs + V-ing/ to-V/ V-inf:

V-ing to-V V-inf
- mind, like, love, hate, dislike, detest, - decide, want, learn, hope, - would rather,
adore, prefer, enjoy, avoid, mention, would like, would love, would had better
admit, deny, keep, postpose, suggest, prefer, wish, need, agree, try, - modal verbs (can/
 can’t stand, discuss, finish plan, choose, tend, intend, should/ may…)
- preposition (in/on/about/from…) + manage, promise, refuse, - make sb V-inf
V-ing expect, pretend, offer… - have sb V-inf
- have difficulty + (in) + V-ing - used to-V - let sb V-inf
- have trouble + V-ing - remind sb to-V
- look forward to + V-ing - force sb to-V
- prefer + V-ing + to + V-ing - advise sb to-V
- spend + “time” + V-ing/ - encourage sb to-V
on sth/ on V-ing - allow/ permit sb to-V
- help sb + to-V/ V-inf/ with sth
- help + (to) + V-inf
- adj + (for sb) + to-V

*** Both V-ing and to-V (without a change in meaning): begin, start, continue…
Ex: It started to rain 2 hours ago.
They started building the house in January.

*** Both V-ing and to-V (with a change in meaning):

V-ing To-V
Stop an action Interrupt an action to do sth else
stop Ex: Please stop talking. Ex: We were tired, so we stopped to
have lunch.
Not remember a past event Not remember sth you have to do
forget I’ll never forget taking my driving Don’t forget to lock the door before
test for the first time. you go to bed.
Have a memory of doing sth Do sth you have to do
remember I remember sending the document Remember to turn off the TV when
before I went home. you are not watching.
Do sth to discover its qualities or Make an effort to do sth
effects
try If you don’t know the meaning, try He tried hard to pass the exam.
looking it up in a dictionary.

6. Despite/ In spite of:

 Although/ though/ even though + S + V…
 Despite/ In spite of + N/ V-ing/ the fact that + S + V…
*** V-ing: the same subject
Ex:
+ He studied hard, but he didn’t pass the exam.
 Despite/ In spite of studying hard, he didn’t pass the exam.
+ Even though it rained heavily, we went on a picnic.
 Despite/ In spite of the heavy rain, we went on a picnic.
7. Passive:
Active: S+V+O

Passive: S + be + P2 +… + place + by…+ time.

Active Passive
S + am/ is/ are + P2…
Present simple They grow bananas in tropical areas. Bananas are grown in tropical
areas.
Present S + am/ is/ are + being + P2…
continuous They are redecorating the café. The café is being redecorated.
S + have/ has been + P2…
Present perfect
Someone has stolen my car. My car has been stolen.
S + was/ were + P2…
Past simple They served the meal in an elegant The meal was served in an elegant
dining room. dining room.
S + was/ were + being + P2…
Past continuous We asked for coffee while they We asked for coffee while the bill
were preparing the bill. was being prepared.
S + had been + P2…
Past perfect Someone had eaten all the food by All the food had been eaten by the
the time I got there. time I got there.
S + will be + P2…
Future simple We will deliver your pizza in forty Your pizza will be delivered in
minutes. forty minutes.
S + am/ is/ are going to be +
They are going to train me for the P2…
Be going to
job. I am going to be trained for the
job.
Modal verbs S + can/ should…+ be + P2…
(can/ should …) You should fix your computer. Your computer should be fixed.

Note:
have sb V-inf  have sth P2
get sb to-V  get sth P2
make sb V-inf  be made to-V

*** The impersonal passive:

Active: S1 + V1 + (that) + S2 + V2…
Passive:
 It + be + P2(V1) + that + S2 + V2…
 S2 + be + P2(V1) + to-V
to have + P2…
to be + V-ing
8. Reported speech:
a. Reported statements:
S + said + (that) + S + V…
S + told sb + (that) + S + V…

b. Reported questions:
S + asked (sb)... + Wh/ if/ whether + S + V…

c. Reported orders, advice…

S + told/ asked/ advised + sb + to-V/ not to-V

9. Wishes:
S + wish/ wishes + S + would/ could + V-inf…
= If only + S + V (past simple, past continuous) …
+ S + had + P2…
Ex: I wish I had a new laptop.
If only I had a new laptop.

10. Make suggestions:

Let’s + V-inf…
Shall we + V-inf…?
How/ What about + V-ing…?
Why don’t we + V-inf…?
…suggest + V-ing
+ (that) + S + should + V-inf…
+ (that) + S + V-inf…

11. Conjunctions:
- Although/ though/ even though + S + V…
 Despite/ In spite of + N/ V-ing/ the fact that + S + V…

- Because/ since/ as + S + V…
 Because of/ Due to/ Owing to/ On account of…

- S + V + so that/ in order that + S + V…

- S + V + in order to/ so as to + V-inf…
- S + V + in order not to/ so as not to + V-inf…

S + V; therefore, S + V…
moreover,
furthermore,
however,
nevertheless,

12. so, such, too, enough:

…too + adj/ adv + (for sb) + to-V
…adj/ adv + enough + to-V
…so + adj/ adv + that + S + V
…such + (a/an) + adj + N + that + S + V

13. Expressing agreement: too, so, either, neither

- too  cuối câu (+)
Ex: I like science and my sister likes it too.
- so + au-V + S  (+)
Ex: I like science and so does she.
- either  cuối câu (-)
Ex: He didn’t go to the party yesterday. We didn’t (go to the party) either.
- neither + au-V + S  (-)
Ex: He didn’t go to the party. Neither did we.

14. S + spend/ spends/ spent + “time/ money” + V-ing/ on V-ing/ on sth

 It takes/ took + sb + “time” + to-V…

15. Verbs of liking:

- like, love, adore, fancy, enjoy, don’t mind, hate, dislike, detest + V-ing
- like, love, hate, prefer + to-V
- would like/ would love/ would prefer + to-V
- had better/ would rather + V-inf…
- prefer + N/ V-ing + to + N/ V-ing
- would rather + V-inf + than + V-inf…
*** be + interested in, hooked on, keen on, fond of, addicted to, into + N/ V-ing

16. Give opinions (find, think):

S + find + sth/ V-ing + adj.
S + think + sth/ V-ing + is + adj.

*** V-ing + V(it)…

Ex: Playing sports helps you keep fit.
Playing sports is good for your health.

V-ing + is + adj…
 It is adj + (for sb) + to-V…
Ex: Making crafts is boring.
 It is boring to make crafts.
 I find making crafts boring.
 I think making crafts is boring.

17. Past simple and Present perfect:

*** S + started/ began + V-ing/ to-V…
 S + have/ has + P2…+ for/ since…
  S + have/ has + been V-ing…+ for/ since…

*** It is the first time + S + have/ has + P2…

 S + haven’t hasn’t + P2…before.
 S + have/ has + never + P2…before.

*** The last time + S + V (past simple) … + was …ago/ in…

 S + haven’t/ hasn’t + P2…+ for/ since…
 It’s + “time” + since + S + V (past simple) …
 S + last + V (past simple) … ago/ in…

18. Comparison:
a. Comparatives:
- Short adj: adj-er + (than)…
- Long adj: more + adj + (than)…

b. Superlatives:
- Short adj: the + adj-est
- Long adj: the most + adj

*** Emphasis:
…much/ far/ a lot/ a bit/ a little + adj-er/ more + adj
…by far + the + adj-est/ most + adj
…the + second + adj-est/ most + adj

NOTE: Irregular cases

Comparatives Superlatives
good/ well better the best
bad/ badly worse the worst
farther the farthest
far
further the furthest
many/ much more the most
little less the least
adj-Y adj-IER the + adj-IEST
happy happier the happiest
narrow narrower the narrowest
simple simpler the simplest
quiet quieter the quietest
clever cleverer the cleverest

c. Equatives:
(+) … as + adj/ adv + as…
(-) … not as + adj/ adv + as…
… not so + adj/ adv + as…
*** the same as, like, (not) different from…

* V + adv
* be + adv + adj/ P2
* V + adj: be, seem, sound, taste, look, feel, become, remain, stay, keep…

d. Double comparison:
The + “comparative” + S + V… , the + “comparative” + S + V…
Ex: The harder you study, the more you will learn.
The sooner you take your medicine, the better you will feel.

19. used to:

* S + used to/ didn’t use to-V…
* S + be/ get + used to + N/ V-ing…

20. Tag questions:

The basic structure of a tag question is:
Positive statement (+) Negative tag (-)
You like coffee, don’t you?

Negative statement (-) Positive tag (+)

She hasn’t finished her work, has she?

 Let’s + V-inf..., shall we?

 I am…, aren’t I?
 I am not…, am I?
 Imperatives (V-inf), will you/ would you/ could you?
 Imperatives (Don’t V-inf…), will you?
 No, never, hardly, barely, scarcely, seldom, rarely  tag (+)?
Ex: You rarely (-) visit your uncle, do you?
 Everybody/everyone, somebody/someone, nobody/ no one  they
Ex: Everybody was happy, weren’t they?
 Everything, something, nothing  it

Examples:
Let’s go out for a walk, shall we?
No one wants to come, do they?
Pass me that book, will you?
I am late, aren’t I?
Don’t speak Vietnamese, will you?
He seldom goes shopping, does he?
I’m not very tall, am I?
She can rarely come these days, can she?
Nobody has invited her to the party, have they?
She loves cats, doesn’t she?

21. Pronunciation of –s/es:

/ɪz/: /s/, /∫/, / t∫/, /z/, /ʒ/, /ʤ/ (s, ss, ch, x, sh, z, ge, ce, se)
/s/: /θ/, /p/, /k/, /f/, /t/ (th, p, k, f, t)
/z/: the rest

22. Pronunciation of –ed:

/ɪd/: /d/, /t/
/t/: /s/, /∫/, / t∫/, /p/, /k/, /f/ (s, ss, ch, x, sh, p, k, f)
/d/: the rest

23. Stress:
 Before it: -ion, -ian, -ial, -ic, -ical, -ity, -ious, -ive, -ative, -itive…
 On it: -ique, -eer, -oo, -eer, -ese, -ology, -ologist, -ography, -esque, -ette, -teen, -self, -mental,
-mentary…

24. Phrasal verbs:

1. set up: 26. call off:
2. take over: 27. put off:
3. look round: 28. carry out:
4. give up: 29. come across:
5. find out: 30. cheer sb up:
6. come back: 31. break into:
7. close down: 32. take off:
8. set off: 33. put up with:
9. get on with: 34. put sth on:
10. bring out: 35. try sth on:
11. pass down: 36. pull down:
12. deal with: 37. go on:
13. look through: 38. go over:
14. keep up with: 39. dress up:
15. turn down: 40. get on:
16. run out of: 41. think sth over:
17. face up to: 42. apply for:
18. look forward to N/ V-ing: 43. take after sb:
19. live on: 44. look up sth:
20. turn up: 45. look for sth:
21. look after/ take care of: 46. write down sth:
22. grow up: 47. act out:
23. die out: 48. eat out:
24. show sb around: 49. pass on:
25. get over: 50. bring up:

25. Vocabulary: