Fortinet

FCP_FAZ_AD-7.4 Exam
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Question: 1

What is included in the allocated disk quota for each ADOM on FortiAnalyzer?

A. Archive logs and Analytics logs

B. Raw logs and Archive files
C. Raw logs and Analytics logs
D. SQL tables and Analytics logs
Answer: A
Explanation:
The allocated disk quota for each ADOM on FortiAnalyzer includes:
• Archive logs
• Analytics logs

So the answer is:

A. Archive logs and Analytics logs

FortiAnalyzer doesn't store raw logs on the disk. Raw logs are processed and converted into Analytics
and Archive logs for storage and analysis.

Question: 2

Which two options are valid methods to add a FortiGate device to FortiAnalyzer? (Choose two.)

A. Enable the Accept All Devices option on FortiAnalyzer.

B. Add the information about FortiGate to FortiAnalyzer using the Device Manager.
C. Connect FortiGate to the FortiAnalyzer heartbeat port and enable auto discovery.
D. On FortiGate, configure remote logging to FortiAnalyzer.
Answer: B, D
Explanation:

There are two valid methods to add a FortiGate device to FortiAnalyzer:

• B. Add the information about FortiGate to FortiAnalyzer using the Device Manager. This
involves manually entering the FortiGate's IP address, username, and password in the
FortiAnalyzer's Device Manager.

• D. On FortiGate, configure remote logging to FortiAnalyzer. This method involves configuring

the FortiGate to send its logs to the FortiAnalyzer.

Here's why the other options are not valid:

• A. Enable the Accept All Devices option on FortiAnalyzer: This is not recommended for security
reasons. It would allow any device to connect to FortiAnalyzer, which could be a security risk.

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• C. Connect FortiGate to the FortiAnalyzer heartbeat port and enable auto

discovery: FortiAnalyzer doesn't use heartbeat ports for automatic device discovery.

Question: 3

It is a best practice to upload FortiAnalyzer local logs to a remote server.

Which three remote servers are supported for the upload? (Choose two.)

A. FTP
B. SFTP
C. UDP
D. TFTP
Answer: A, B
Explanation:
When it's considered a best practice to upload FortiAnalyzer local logs to a remote server, the following
two remote server protocols are commonly supported:
A. FTP (File Transfer Protocol)
B. SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol)

These protocols provide secure and reliable ways to transfer logs and data to remote servers for storage
and analysis while maintaining data integrity and confidentiality.

Question: 4

Which statements are true regarding securing communications between FortiAnalyzer and FortiGate
with SSL? (Choose two.)

A. SSL is the default setting.

B. SSL communications are auto-negotiated between the two devices.
C. SSL can send logs in real-time only.
D. SSL encryption levels are globally set on FortiAnalyzer.
E. FortiAnalyzer encryption level must be equal to, or higher than, FortiGate.
Answer: A, D
Explanation:

A. SSL is the default setting: By default, FortiAnalyzer and FortiGate communicate using SSL for
secure data transmission, ensuring that the communication is encrypted.

D. SSL encryption levels are globally set on FortiAnalyzer: FortiAnalyzer does allow setting
encryption levels globally, ensuring consistent security policies across all SSL communications.

Explanation:

• A. SSL is the default setting: FortiAnalyzer and FortiGate are configured to use SSL by default for
secure communication unless otherwise specified.

• D. SSL encryption levels are globally set on FortiAnalyzer: FortiAnalyzer has global settings for
SSL encryption levels to maintain a consistent security standard for all communications.

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B. SSL communications are auto-negotiated between the two devices: This statement is not
entirely accurate. SSL/TLS requires specific configuration, and while negotiation is a part of the
protocol, settings must be explicitly configured.

E. FortiAnalyzer encryption level must be equal to, or higher than, FortiGate: This is not strictly
necessary, as SSL/TLS protocols handle encryption negotiation dynamically, and the encryption level
doesn’t need to be explicitly higher on FortiAnalyzer compared to FortiGate.

Question: 5

Which statement about reports is true?

A. They can be generated on demand or by schedule.

B. They can only be viewed locally on FortiAnalyzer.
C. They require an output profile before they can be generated.
D. They require a password before they can be generated.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Correct Answer: A. They can be generated on demand or by schedule.
• Reports in FortiAnalyzer can indeed be generated either on demand or according to a set schedule,
making option A the correct statement.

• Option B is incorrect because reports can be accessed remotely, not just locally.

• Option C is partially correct but not entirely true because while an output profile is needed to define the
format and destination of the report, it's not a requirement just to generate a report; default settings can
be used.

• Option D is incorrect as generating a report does not inherently require a password; however, access
control settings might restrict who can generate or view reports.

Question: 6

Refer to the exhibits.

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How many events will be added to the incident created after running this playbook?

A. Thirteen events will be added.

B. Five events will be added.
C. No events will be added.
D. Ten events will be added.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Based on the image, the filter criteria for the incident creation are:
• Severity: Medium
• Event Type: IPS

Examining the "EVENT STATUS" table, we find 10 events that match these criteria:
1. MS.IIS.bdir.HTRInformation.Disclosure (2 events)
2. PHP.URLCode.Injection (2 events)
3. HTTPRequestURI.Directory.Traversal (2 events)
4. Apache.Expect.Header.XSS (2 events)
5. Internal intrusion MS.IIS.bdir.HTR.Informati... (2 events)

Therefore, the answer is D. 10 events will be added.

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Question: 7

Refer to the exhibit.

What does the data point at 12:20 indicate?

A. The performance of FortiAnalyzer is below the baseline.

B. FortiAnalyzer is using its cache to avoid dropping logs.
C. The log insert lag time is increasing.
D. The sqlplugind service is caught up with new logs.
Answer: C
Explanation:
A. The log insert lag time is increasing.
Here's why:
• The image shows the Insert Rate (green line) is significantly lower than the Receive Rate (blue line)
at 12:20.
• This indicates that the system is receiving logs faster than it can process and insert them into the
database.
• This difference leads to an increasing lag time between when logs are received and when they are
available for analysis.
Therefore, option C is the correct interpretation of the data point at 12:20.

Insert Rate vs. Receive Rate is a graph that shows the rate at which raw logs reach the FortiAnalyzer
(receive rate) and the rate at which they are indexed (insert rate) by the SQL database and the
sqlplugind daemon. At minimum, the difference between these parameters should be generally
consistent.

Log Insert Lag Time shows the amount of time between when a log was received and when it was
indexed. Ideally, this parameter should be as small as possible with the occasional spikes according to
the network activity being logged. A good baseline should be created to allow for the identification of
possible performance issues.

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Question: 8

Which SQL query is in the correct order to query the database in the FortiAnalyzer?

A. SELECT devid FROM Slog GROOP BY devid WHERE * user' =* USERl'

B. SELECT devid WHERE 'u3er'='USERl' FROM $ log GROUP BY devid
C. SELECT devid FROM Slog- WHERE *user' =' USERl' GROUP BY devid
D. FROM Slog WHERE 'user* =' USERl' SELECT devid GROUP BY devid
Answer: C
Explanation:
The correct answer is:
C. SELECT devid FROM Slog WHERE 'user' = 'USERl' GROUP BY devid

• C is correct because it follows the proper SQL query structure:

1. SELECT: Specifies the column(s) to retrieve.
2. FROM: Indicates the table to query (Slog in this case).
3. WHERE: Adds a condition to filter the results (user = 'USERl').
4. GROUP BY: Groups the results by the specified column (devid).

A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not follow the correct SQL query order:

• A is incorrect because the GROUP BY clause is incorrectly placed before the WHERE clause.
• B is incorrect because the WHERE clause is incorrectly placed before the FROM clause.
• D is incorrect because the SELECT clause is incorrectly placed after the FROM and WHERE clauses.

Question: 9

Which statement is true when you are upgrading the firmware on an HA cluster made up of two
FortiAnalyzer devices?

A. First, upgrade the secondary device, and then upgrade the primary device.
B. Both FortiAnalyzer devices will be upgraded at the same time.
C. You can enable uninterruptible-upgrade so that the normal FortiAnalyzer operations are not
interrupted while the cluster firmware upgrades.
D. You can perform the firmware upgrade using only a console connection.
Answer: A
Explanation:
A. First, upgrade the secondary device, and then upgrade the primary device.
This is the correct approach for upgrading firmware on an HA cluster made up of two FortiAnalyzer
devices. By upgrading the secondary device first, you ensure that there is a fully operational primary
device during the upgrade process, maintaining system uptime and preventing service disruptions.

To upgrade FAZ HA cluster firmware:

1. Log into each secondary device.
2. Upgrade the firmware of all secondary devices.
3. Wait for upgrades to complete and verify that all secondary devices joined the cluster.
4. Verify that logs on all secondary devices are synchronized with the primary device.
5. Upgrade the primary device.

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Question: 10
Refer to the exhibit.

The exhibit shows “remoteservergroup” is an authentication server group with LDAP and RADIUS
servers.
Which two statements express the significance of enabling “Match all users on remote server” when
configuring a new administrator? (Choose two.)

A. It creates a wildcard administrator using LDAP and RADIUS servers.

B. Administrator can log in to FortiAnalyzer using their credentials on remote servers LDAP and
RADIUS.
C. Use remoteadmin from LDAP and RADIUS servers will be able to log in to FortiAnalyzer at any
time.
D. It allows administrators to use two-factor authentication.
Answer: A, B
Explanation:

• A. Enabling "Match all users on remote server" creates a wildcard administrator. This allows any
user that authenticates successfully against the LDAP and RADIUS servers in the "remoteservergroup" to
log in to the FortiAnalyzer as an administrator, without needing to create individual accounts for each user
in FortiAnalyzer.

• B. When "Match all users on remote server" is enabled, any user who has credentials on the remote
LDAP or RADIUS servers can log in to the FortiAnalyzer, assuming their login credentials match those on
the server.

Incorrect Options:

• C. This statement is incorrect because it refers to a specific user "remoteadmin," but enabling this option

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does not guarantee that only "remoteadmin" from the LDAP and RADIUS servers can log in. It applies to all
users who authenticate via the remote servers.

• D. This option is misleading because enabling "Match all users on remote server" does not inherently
provide two-factor authentication (2FA). 2FA is a separate configuration that would involve additional
settings, such as using tokens or one-time passwords (OTP) combined with standard login credentials.

Question: 11
Which two statements are true regarding high availability (HA) on FortiAnalyzer? (Choose two.)

A. FortiAnalyzer HA can function without VRRP. and VRRP is required only if you have more than
two FortiAnalyzer devices in a cluster.
B. FortiAnalyzer HA supports synchronization of logs as well as some system and configuration
settings.
C. All devices in a FortiAnalyzer HA cluster must run in the same operation mode: analyzer or
collector.
D. FortiAnalyzer HA implementation is supported by many public cloud infrastructures such as
AWS, Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud.
Answer: B, C
Explanation:
The two correct statements regarding high availability (HA) on FortiAnalyzer are:

A. FortiAnalyzer HA supports synchronization of logs as well as some system and

configuration settings.

• Explanation: FortiAnalyzer HA clusters support synchronization of logs and specific system

and configuration settings between the primary and secondary units. This ensures that, in
the event of a failover, the backup unit can take over with minimal disruption.

B. All devices in a FortiAnalyzer HA cluster must run in the same operation mode:
analyzer or collector.

• Explanation: For proper HA functionality, all devices within a FortiAnalyzer HA cluster must
operate in the same mode—either all as analyzers or all as collectors. Mixing operation
modes within a cluster is not supported and would disrupt the HA setup.

Incorrect Options:

A. This statement is incorrect because VRRP (Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol) is not a
requirement for HA on FortiAnalyzer, regardless of the number of devices in the cluster. HA can
be implemented without VRRP.

C. This statement is incorrect because FortiAnalyzer HA is not supported on many public cloud
infrastructures. While FortiAnalyzer can be deployed in cloud environments, HA specifically is
not universally supported across all public clouds like AWS, Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud.

Question: 12

Which statements are true of Administrative Domains (ADOMs) in FortiAnalyzer? (Choose two.)

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A. ADOMs are enabled by default.

B. ADOMs constrain other administrator’s access privileges to a subset of devices in the device list.
C. Once enabled, the Device Manager, FortiView, Event Management, and Reports tab display per
ADOM.
D. All administrators can create ADOMs--not just the admin administrator.
Answer: B, C
Explanation:
The two true statements about Administrative Domains (ADOMs) in FortiAnalyzer are:

B. ADOMs constrain other administrators' access privileges to a subset of devices in the device list.

C. Once enabled, the Device Manager, FortiView, Event Management, and Reports tab display per
ADOM.

Explanation:

• B. ADOMs constrain other administrators' access privileges to a subset of devices in the device
list: ADOMs allow you to partition the FortiAnalyzer's management capabilities by restricting access to
certain devices and logs based on the administrator's role. This segmentation helps in managing large
deployments with different administrative needs.

• C. Once enabled, the Device Manager, FortiView, Event Management, and Reports tab display
per ADOM: When ADOMs are enabled, the FortiAnalyzer interface segments the Device Manager,
FortiView, Event Management, and Reports tabs based on the selected ADOM. This allows administrators
to work within their specific ADOM context.

A. ADOMs are enabled by default: This is incorrect because ADOMs are not enabled by default. They
must be manually configured and enabled according to the organization's needs.

D. All administrators can create ADOMs--not just the admin administrator: This is not correct. Typically,
creating and managing ADOMs requires administrative privileges, often restricted to the main admin or
specific roles with sufficient permissions.

Question: 13

Refer to the exhibit.

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Based on the partial outputs displayed, which devices can be members of a FortiAnalyzer Fabric?

A. FortiAnalyzer1 and FortiAnalyzer3

B. FortiAnalyzer1 and FortiAnalyzer2
C. All devices listed can be members
D. FortiAnalyzer2 and FortiAnalyzer3
Answer: C
Explanation:

A. All devices listed can be members is indeed the correct answer.

Upon re-examination of the provided information, it's clear that all listed devices (FortiAnalyzer1,
FortiAnalyzer2, and FortiAnalyzer3) meet the basic requirements to be members of a FortiAnalyzer
Fabric:
• Consistent platform type, version, and FIPS mode.
• Enabled ha-member-auto-grouping option.

Question: 14

What statements are true regarding the "store and upload" log transfer option between FortiAnalyzer and
FortiGate? (Choose three.)

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A. All FortiGates can send logs to FortiAnalyzer using the store and upload option.
B. Only FortiGate models with hard disks can send logs to FortiAnalyzer using the store and upload
option.
C. Both secure communications methods (SSL and IPsec) allow the store and upload option.
D. Disk logging is enabled on the FortiGate through the CLI only.
E. Disk logging is enabled by default on the FortiGate.
Answer: B, C, D
Explanation:

The correct statements regarding the "store and upload" log transfer option between FortiAnalyzer and
FortiGate are:

A. Only FortiGate models with hard disks can send logs to FortiAnalyzer using the store and
upload option.

B. Both secure communications methods (SSL and IPsec) allow the store and upload option.

C. Disk logging is enabled on the FortiGate through the CLI only.

Explanation:

1. Only FortiGate Models with Hard Disks Can Send Logs to FortiAnalyzer Using the Store and
Upload Option (Option B):
• The "store and upload" log transfer option requires the FortiGate device to have local
storage (e.g., a hard disk) to store logs before uploading them. Models without local storage
cannot use this method because they cannot store logs temporarily.

2. Both Secure Communications Methods (SSL and IPsec) Allow the Store and Upload Option
(Option C):
• The "store and upload" method can use secure communication methods such as SSL
(Secure Sockets Layer) and IPsec (Internet Protocol Security) to ensure that log data is
transmitted securely from the FortiGate to the FortiAnalyzer.

3. Disk Logging Is Enabled on the FortiGate Through the CLI Only (Option D):
• Disk logging, which is required for the "store and upload" method, is typically configured
through the CLI (Command Line Interface) on FortiGate devices. This setting allows the
device to store logs locally before uploading them to FortiAnalyzer.

Why the other options are incorrect:

• A. All FortiGates Can Send Logs to FortiAnalyzer Using the Store and Upload Option:
• Not all FortiGate models support the "store and upload" option, especially if they do not
have local storage. This option is only available on models with sufficient local disk space.

• E. Disk Logging Is Enabled by Default on the FortiGate:

• Disk logging is not enabled by default on FortiGate devices. It must be specifically
configured, typically via the CLI, to allow logs to be stored and then uploaded to
FortiAnalyzer.

In summary, B, C, and D accurately describe the conditions and requirements for using the "store and
upload" log transfer option between FortiGate and FortiAnalyzer.

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Question: 15

Which two statements express the advantages of grouping similar reports? (Choose two.)

A. Improve report completion time.

B. Conserve disk space on FortiAnalyzer by grouping multiple similar reports.
C. Reduce the number of hcache tables and improve auto-hcache completion time.
D. Provides a better summary of reports.
Answer: A, C
Explanation:

The correct answers are A. Improve report completion time and C. Reduce the number of hcache
tables and improve auto-hcache completion time.

Explanation:

1. Improve Report Completion Time (Option A):

• Grouping similar reports can improve report completion time because the system can
process grouped reports more efficiently. Instead of handling each report individually, which
may involve repetitive tasks or data retrieval, grouping allows for batch processing, thereby
reducing the time needed to generate all reports.

2. Reduce the Number of hcache Tables and Improve Auto-hcache Completion Time (Option
C):
• By grouping similar reports, you can reduce the number of hcache (historical cache) tables
that need to be managed. This consolidation helps streamline the cache management
process, leading to more efficient use of caching and potentially faster completion times for
cache-related operations.

Why the other options are incorrect:

• B. Conserve Disk Space on FortiAnalyzer by Grouping Multiple Similar Reports:

• Grouping reports does not significantly conserve disk space. The primary benefit of
grouping is related to processing efficiency rather than disk space conservation.

• D. Provides a Better Summary of Reports:

• While grouping reports may help in managing and processing them more efficiently, it does
not necessarily provide a better summary of reports. The summary quality is more
dependent on the report design and content rather than the grouping of similar reports.

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