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Sample Annotated Bibliography APA - July 2023

The document discusses the differences between probation and parole in the American Criminal Justice System, highlighting that parole allows for early release after serving part of a sentence, while probation enables offenders to avoid prison time altogether. It includes an annotated bibliography of credible sources that provide insights into the workings of probation and parole, including academic books, journal articles, and reputable websites. The information aims to clarify how these systems function and the conditions under which offenders are granted probation or parole.

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5 views4 pages

Sample Annotated Bibliography APA - July 2023

The document discusses the differences between probation and parole in the American Criminal Justice System, highlighting that parole allows for early release after serving part of a sentence, while probation enables offenders to avoid prison time altogether. It includes an annotated bibliography of credible sources that provide insights into the workings of probation and parole, including academic books, journal articles, and reputable websites. The information aims to clarify how these systems function and the conditions under which offenders are granted probation or parole.

Uploaded by

salundagitjoannatolentino
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

1

What Are the Differences in Probation and Parole in America?

Chris Tomlin

Department of English, Randolph Community College

ENG 111: Writing and Inquiry

Professor Weatherly

July 12, 2023


2

What Are the Differences in Probation and Parole in America?

Annotated Bibliography

Clear, T., et al. (2017). American corrections in brief (3rd ed.). Cengage Learning.

This book is about how the Criminal Justice System is so focused on how our correction

system works every day to help those on probation or parole in America. They base it off how an

offender committed a crime, the severity of it, and the sentence received. Each offender given

probation or parole is an offender who has not committed a serious crime, such as a bombing or

illegal burning of a public or private place. This is a credible book because this has been written

and published numerous times by professors who teach and study the Criminal Justice System in

three separate editions. The experts from the Bureau of Justice Statistics have offered different

graphics to explain how probation and parole work in today's society. This information is still

used in this book for colleges and universities in the United States. This book answers my

research question because it offers me clear explanations about how probation and parole works

in the Criminal Justice System.

Longley, R. (2018). What’s the difference between probation and parole? International Journal

of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 62(14), 4565-4584.

doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624X18764851

This is an article from the college library’s database. This article explains that parole and

probation are to help offenders adjust back into society as a respected citizen. Parole is for those

who serve part of the sentence behind bars for a specific amount in regards to the sentencing

received. However, probation allows offenders to avoid facing any time in prison. This is a

credible article because the information in this article has been evaluated by the international
3

Bureau of Justice Statistics, and the author has credible knowledge on this subject since his work

is published this a Criminal Justice journal. Some of the information given is outdated (2018),

but it has helped me with providing a brief description of their work. This article helps answer

my question by giving me more details about the way probation and parole are handled by the

Criminal Justice System.

Palmer, C. (2020). National Criminal Justice Association. National Criminal Justice

Association. https://www.ncja.org

This vast website offers support and membership for any individual or police department.

Also, this site details all current updates in the American Criminal Justice System. On this

website, there is an explanation about parole updates. Parole’s main purpose is to give a chance

to offenders by having a hearing done by the parole board to determine early release. The

offender is given a right to get it or be denied for a specific reason. This reason can be based on

psychiatric and psychological reports for each offender. The work of this website has complete

and accurate information that comes from the American Congressional Library. It is a reliable

and detailed website that is a nonprofit organization which focuses on facts and current updates.

The lead author of this website team is a lawyer who works for a legal official in Congress now.

This website answers my question by explaining how the offender receives parole by giving each

step.

Roger, J., & Levesque, R. (2018). Probation. In Encyclopedia of adolescence (2nd ed.,

pp. 289-296). Credo Reference. http://www.nclive.org/proxy144.nclive. org/ content

/title/ sprgstv? tab= entry_view& entry_id=27705783


4

This is my second article I found the on the college’s library database. The entry/article

about probation is from an online encyclopedia. This entry gives details about offenders’ chances

at probation. There are several contingencies for probation. It is either a way to not serve time

or only serve part of the sentence. Offenders have been sentenced to a restriction of conditions

that must be followed by a judge's decision. These conditions vary from house arrest to shock

probation. It is even used not just for adults but also for juveniles. Juveniles and adults both face

restrictions like community supervision done by a probationer. Finally, this article explains how

each juvenile and adult offender receives probation. This is a credible article because it comes

from a college database, and it is an online encyclopedia that comes from the research and

studies done on probation in American society. This article from the database helps me to answer

the types of probation and who receives it from the Criminal Justice System.

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