Unit Unit

Exercises 5 Exercises 6
5.1 Read what Laura says about a typical working day: 6.1 Complete the sentences. Choose from:
I usually get up at 7 o’clock and have a big breakfast. I walk to work, which was looking was wearing wasn’t listening weren’t looking
takes me about half an hour. I start work at 8.45. I never have lunch. I finish was snowing was working were sitting were you going
work at 5 o’clock. I’m always tired when I get home. I usually cook a meal
in the evening. I don’t usually go out. I go to bed at about 11 o’clock, and I 1 Today Helen is wearing a skirt. Yesterday she was wearing trousers.
always sleep well. 2 ‘What did he say?’ ‘I don’t know. I .’
3 We at the back of the theatre. We couldn’t hear very well.
LAURA
4 This time last year Steve on a farm.
Yesterday was a typical working day for Laura. Write what she did or didn’t do yesterday. 5 They didn’t see me. They in my direction.
6 The weather was bad. It was very cold and it .
1 She got up at 7 o’clock. 7 at 5 o’clock.
8 tired when home. 7 I saw you in your car. Where ?
2 She a big breakfast.
9 a meal yesterday evening. 8 I saw Kate a few minutes ago. She for you.
3 She .
4 It to get to work. 10 out yesterday evening. 6.2 Which goes with which?
5 at 8.45. 11 at 11 o’clock.
1 When I got to the cafe a when she was living in Rome. 1 f
6 lunch. 12 well last night.
2 We fell asleep b she was working in a clothes shop. 2
5.2 Complete the sentences using the following verbs in the correct form: 3 Amy learnt Italian c when I was driving home. 3
4 Tom didn’t come out with us d but nobody was watching it. 4
buy catch cost fall hurt sell spend teach throw write
5 The car began to make a strange noise e while we were watching a film. 5
1 Mozart wrote more than 600 pieces of music. 6 The TV was on f my friends were waiting for me. 6
2 ‘How did you learn to drive?’ ‘My father me.’ 7 When I first met Jessica g because he wasn’t feeling well. 7
3 We couldn’t afford to keep our car, so we it.
4 Dave down the stairs this morning and his leg. 6.3 Put the verb into the correct form, past continuous or past simple.
5 Joe the ball to Sue, who it. 1 2
6 Kate a lot of money yesterday. She a dress which
£100.

5.3 You ask James about his holiday in the US. Write your questions. SUE
1 YOU: Where did you go ?
I saw (see) Sue in town yesterday, but I (cycle) home yesterday
JaMES: To the US. We went on a trip from San Francisco to Denver. she (not/see) me. when a man (step) out into the
2 YOU: How ? By car? She (look) the other way. road in front of me.
JaMES: Yes, we hired a car in San Francisco. I (go) quite fast, but luckily
3 YOU: It’s a long way to drive. How long ? I (manage) to stop in time,
JaMES: Two weeks. We stopped at a lot of places along the way. and I (not/hit) him.
4 YOU: Where ? In hotels?
JaMES: Yes, small hotels or motels. 6.4 Put the verb into the correct form, past continuous or past simple.
5 YOU: good? 1 Jenny was waiting (wait) for me when I arrived (arrive).
JaMES: Yes, but it was very hot – sometimes too hot. 2 ‘What (you / do) at this time yesterday?’ ‘I was asleep.’
6 YOU: the Grand Canyon? 3 ‘ (you / go) out last night?’ ‘No, I was too tired.’
JaMES: Of course. It was wonderful. 4 How fast (you / drive) when the accident (happen)?
5 Sam (take) a picture of me while I (not / look).
5.4 Complete the sentences. Put the verb into the correct form, positive or negative.
6 We were in a very difficult position. We (not / know) what to do, so we
1 It was warm, so I took off my coat. (take) (do) nothing.
2 The film wasn’t very good. I didn’t enjoy it much. (enjoy) 7 I haven’t seen Alan for ages. When I last (see) him, he
3 I knew Sarah was busy, so I her. (disturb) (try) to find a job.
4 We were very tired, so we the party early. (leave) 8 I (walk) along the street when suddenly I (hear)
5 It was hard carrying the bags. They really heavy. (be) something behind me. Somebody (follow) me. I was scared and I
6 The bed was very uncomfortable. I well. (sleep) (start) to run.
7 This watch wasn’t expensive. It much. (cost) 9 When I was young, I (want) to be a pilot. Later I
8 The window was open and a bird into the room. (fly) (change) my mind.
9 I was in a hurry, so I time to call you. (have) 10 Last night I (drop) a plate when I (do) the washing up.
10 I didn’t like the hotel. The room very clean. (be) Fortunately it (not / break).
11 ➜ Additional exercise 1 (page 302) 13
 Unit Unit
Exercises 7 Exercises 9
7.1 Read the situations and complete the sentences using the present perfect. Choose from these 9.1 What have these people been doing or what has been happening?
verbs: 1 2 3 4
earlier earlier earlier earlier
break disappear go up grow improve lose shrink stop

1 Tom is looking for his key. He can’t find it. Tom has lost his key.
2 Maria’s English wasn’t very good. Now it is better. Her English
3 My bag was here, but it isn’t here any more. My bag
4 Lisa can’t walk and her leg is in plaster. Lisa now now now now
5 Last week the bus fare was £1.80. Now it is £2. The bus fare
6 Dan didn’t have a beard before. Now he has a beard. Dan
7 It was raining ten minutes ago. It isn’t raining now. It
8 I washed my sweater, and now it’s too small for me. My sweater

7.2 Put in been or gone.

It’s been raining. She They He
1 My parents are on holiday. They’ve gone to Italy.
2 Hello! I’ve just to the shops. I’ve bought lots of things.
3 Tom has just out. He’ll be back in about an hour. 9.2 Write a question for each situation.
4 Alice isn’t here at the moment. I don’t know where she’s .
1 You meet Kate as she is leaving the swimming pool. You say:
5 You’re very late. Where have you ?
Hi, Kate. (you / swim?) Have you been swimming?
7.3 Complete the sentences using the present perfect. 2 You have arrived a little late to meet Ben who is waiting for you. You say:
1 Sally is still here. She hasn’t gone (she / not / go) out. I’m sorry I’m late, Ben. (you / wait / long?)
2 I can’t find my bag. (you / see / it) anywhere? 3 Jane’s little boy comes into the house with a very dirty face and dirty hands. His mother says:
3 I can’t log on to the website. (I / forget) my password. Why are you so dirty? (what / you / do?)
4 I sent Joe an email this morning, but (he / not / reply). 4 You are in a shop and see Anna. You didn’t know she worked there. You say:
5 Is the meeting still going on, or (it / finish)? Hi, Anna. (how long / you / work / here?)
5 A friend tells you about his job – he sells phones. You say:
6 (the weather / change). It’s colder now.
You sell phones? (how long / you / do / that?)
7 (you / not / sign) the form. Could you sign it now, please?
8 Are your friends still here, or (they / go) home? 9.3 Read the situations and complete the sentences.
9 Paul doesn’t know what he’s going to do. 1 It’s raining. The rain started two hours ago.
(he / not / decide / yet). It ’s been raining for two hours.
10 ‘Do you know where Julia is?’ ‘Yes, (I / just / see / her).’ 2 We are waiting for the bus. We started waiting 20 minutes ago.
11 ‘When is David going away?’ ‘ (he / already / go).’ We for 20 minutes.
12 a: (your course / start / yet)? 3 I’m learning Japanese. I started classes in December.
b: Not yet. It starts next week. I since December.
4 Jessica is working in a hotel. She started working there on 18 January.
7.4 Read the situations and write sentences with just, already or yet.
since 18 January.
1 After lunch you go to see a friend at her house. She says, ‘Would you like something to eat?’ 5 Our friends always go to Italy for their holidays. The first time was years ago.
You say: No thank you. I’ve just had lunch . (have lunch) for years.
2 Joe goes out. Five minutes later, the phone rings and the caller says, ‘Can I speak to Joe?’
You say: I’m afraid . (go out) 9.4 Put the verb into the present continuous (am/is/are + -ing) or present perfect continuous (have/has
3 You are eating in a restaurant. The waiter thinks you have finished and starts to take your plate away. been + -ing).
You say: Wait a minute! . (not / finish) 1 Maria has been learning (Maria / learn) English for two years.
4 You plan to eat at a restaurant tonight. You phone to reserve a table. Later your friend says, 2 Hi, Tom. (I / look) for you. I need to ask you something.
‘Shall I phone to reserve a table?’ You say: No, . (do it) 3 Why (you / look) at me like that? Stop it!
5 You know that Lisa is looking for a place to live. Perhaps she has been successful. 4 Rachel is a teacher. (she / teach) for ten years.
You ask her: ? (find) 5 (I / think) about what you said and I’ve decided to take
6 You are still thinking about where to go for your holiday. A friend asks, ‘Where are you going your advice.
for your holiday?’ You say: . (not / decide) 6 ‘Is Paul on holiday this week?’ ‘No, (he / work).’
7 Laura went out, but a few minutes ago she returned. Somebody asks, ‘Is Laura still out?’ 7 Sarah is very tired. (she / work) very hard recently.
You say: No, . (come back) 8 It’s dangerous to use your phone when (you / drive).
9 Laura (travel) in South America for the last three months.

15 19
 Unit Unit
Exercises 15 Exercises 16
15.1 Read the situations and write sentences using the words in brackets. 16.1 Read the situations and make sentences using the words in brackets.
1 There was a picture lying on the floor. 1 Tom was very tired when he got home.
(It / fall / off the wall) It had fallen off the wall. (He / work / hard all day) He’d been working hard all day.
2 The people sitting next to you on the plane were nervous. It was their first flight. 2 The children came into the house. They had a football and they were both very tired.
(They / not / fly / before) They hadn’t flown before. (They / play / football)
3 You went back to your home town recently after many years. It wasn’t the same as before. 3 I was disappointed when I had to cancel my holiday.
(It / change / a lot) It (I / look / forward to it)
4 Somebody sang a song. You didn’t know it. 4 Anna woke up in the middle of the night. She was frightened and didn’t know where she was.
(I / not / hear / it / before) I (She / have / a bad dream)
5 I invited Rachel to the party, but she couldn’t come. 5 When I got home, Mark was sitting in front of the TV. He had just turned it off.
(She / arrange / to do something else) (He / watch / a film)
6 You went to the cinema last night. You got to the cinema late. 6 The people waiting at the bus stop were getting impatient. The bus was very late.
(The film / already / start) (They / wait / a long time)
7 Last year we went to Mexico. It was our first time there.
(We / not / be / there / before) We 16.2 Read the situations and complete the sentences.
8 I met Daniel last week. It was good to see him again after such a long time. 1 We played tennis yesterday. We didn’t finish our game.
(I / not / see / him for five years) We’d been playing (We / play) for half an hour when it started (it / start) to rain.
9 I offered my friends something to eat, but they weren’t hungry. 2 I had arranged to meet Tom in a restaurant. I arrived and waited for him to come.
(They / just / have / lunch) (I / wait) for 20 minutes when
10 Sam played tennis yesterday. He wasn’t very good at it because it was his first game ever. (I / realise) that (I / be) in the wrong restaurant.
(He / never / play / before) 3 Sarah worked in a company for a long time. The company no longer exists.
At the time the company (go) out of business, Sarah
15.2 Use the sentences on the left to complete the paragraphs on the right. These sentences are in the (work) there for twelve years.
order in which they happened – so (a) happened before (b), (b) before (c) etc. But your paragraph 4 I went to a concert. Soon after the orchestra began playing, something strange happened.
begins with the underlined sentence, so sometimes you need the past perfect. The orchestra (play) for about ten minutes when a man in
1 (a) Somebody broke into the office during ⎫ We arrived at work in the morning and found the audience suddenly (start) shouting.
the night. ⎪ that somebody had broken into the office
⎬ we called the police. Now make your own sentence:
(b) We arrived at work in the morning. ⎪ during the night. So
(c) We called the police. ⎭ 5 I began walking along the road. I
when
2 (a) Laura went out this morning. ⎫ I went to Laura’s house this morning and rang
⎪
(b) I rang her doorbell. ⎬ her doorbell, but no answer. 16.3 Which is right?
⎪
(c) There was no answer. ⎭ out.
1 It was noisy next door last night. Our neighbours were having / had been having a party.
3 (a) Joe came back from holiday a few ⎫ I met Joe a few days ago. just (were having is correct)
days ago. ⎪ holiday. 2 At the end of our journey we were extremely tired. We were travelling / We’d been travelling for more
⎬
(b) I met him the same day. ⎪ very well. than 24 hours.
(c) He looked very well. ⎭ 3 James was on his hands and knees on the floor. He was looking / He’d been looking for his
contact lens.
4 (a) James sent Amy lots of emails. ⎫ Yesterday James
⎪ 4 Sue was sitting on the ground. She was out of breath. She was running / She’d been running.
(b) She never replied to them. from Amy. surprised.
⎬ 5 John and I went for a walk. He was walking / He’d been walking very fast and I had difficulty keeping
(c) Yesterday he got a phone call from her. ⎪ lots of emails,
up with him.
(d) He was surprised. ⎭ but .
6 I was sad when I sold my car. I’ve had it / I’d had it for a very long time.
15.3 Put the verb into the correct form, past perfect (I had done) or past simple (I did). 7 I was sad when my local cafe closed. I was going / I’d been going there for many years.
8 I’m running a marathon next month. I’ve been training / I’d been training for it every day.
1 Paul wasn’t at the party when I arrived. He’d gone (He / go) home.
9 I had arranged to meet Kate, but I was late. When I finally arrived, she was waiting / she’d
2 I felt very tired when I got home, so (I / go) straight to bed.
been waiting for me. She was annoyed because she was waiting / she’d been waiting such a long time.
3 The house was very quiet when I got home. Everybody (go) to bed.
10a Joe and I work for the same company. He joined the company before me. When I started a few years
4 Mark travels a lot. When I first met him, (he / already / travel)
ago, he was already working / he’d already been working there.
round the world.
10b I started working at the company a few years ago. At the time I started, Joe was already working / had
5 Sorry I’m late. The car (break) down on my way here.
already been working there for two years.
6 We were driving along the road when (we / see) a car which
10c Joe still works for the company. He’s been working / He’d been working there a long time now.
(break) down, so (we / stop) to help.

➜ Additional exercises 5–8 (pages 304–07) 31 ➜ Additional exercises 5–8 (pages 304–07) 33
PAST TENSES – mix 7. Yes, I met Peter last week but ______________ (nie rozmawialiśmy) about his job.
Wybierz poprawną odpowiedź
8. All the students _______________ (skończyli pisać) their tests by noon.
1. By the time we arrived the film already started / had already started.
9. _______________ (Dlaczego nie porozmawiałeś) to us before making such an important decision?
2. I didn’t see / hadn’t seen Mark yesterday.
10. _______________ (Czy kiedykolwiek grałeś w pokera) before you lost all your money in the casino?
3. In 2013 my sister emigrated / had emigrated to the UK.
4. The tourists were thirsty. They didn’t drink / hadn’t drunk anything for a few hours. 5. We went / had gone
to the cinema three days ago.
Znajdź i popraw błędy w zdaniach
6. James saved / had saved the hostages before the day ended.
7. How long did she know / had she known about the situation before she decided to inform you? 1. Marianne had locked all the doors before she had left the office.
8. Where did they spend / had they spent their last holidays?
___________________________________________________________________
9. The new manager is very difficult to work with. He changed / had changed his decision at least four times
before we finished our last meeting. 2. My sister had phoned me to say that her boyfriend proposed to her.
10. By the end of the day Daisy wrote / had written more than fifty pages of her latest novel. ___________________________________________________________________

3. The Vikings lived in this area hundreds of years ago.

Uzupełnij luki czasownikami w nawiasach w odpowiedniej formie
___________________________________________________________________
1. How many books _______________ (Mrs Binge / write) before she retired? 4. How long had you think about adopting a cat before you finally decided to do that?
2. I was tired after work so ____________ (I / watch) my best TV series and ___________ (go) to sleep. ___________________________________________________________________
3. _______________ (you / walk) your dog before you left for work? 5. Did anybody help the injured man before the ambulance arrived?
4. My mother was angry with me because _______________ (I / not water) the plants in my room. ___________________________________________________________________
5. Ten years ago _______________ (Tom / work) for a different company. 6. I had no money to buy that beautiful dress because I had spent it all on holidays.
6. Alice _______________ (not take) more than five pictures when her camera broke down. ___________________________________________________________________
7. By the end of last year _______________ (they / hire) fifty new consultants. 7. The consultant asked me who recommended their company.
8. When _______________ (you / last / talk) to your son? ___________________________________________________________________
9. Betty was nervous because of the email _______________ (she / receive) earlier that day. 8. Maggie couldn’t ski because she had broken her leg a few days earlier.
10. _______________(the visitors / be) informed about the potential risks before they entered the building? ___________________________________________________________________

9. Andrew had been tired because he had spent the whole morning in an important meeting.
Przetłumaz fragment zdań
___________________________________________________________________

1. _______________ (Zanim odjechał), the politician had answered a lot of questions. 10. Where did she work before she had started her career in teaching?

2. We _______________ (zjedliśmy obiad) in a lovely small restaurant in Viena. ___________________________________________________________________

3. _______________ (Kto wynalazł) the radio?

4. The road was blocked by a _______________ (drzewo, które przewróciło się) the previous night.

5. I didn’t lend you the book because _______________ (nie przeczytałem jej).

6. Julia _______________ (nie naładowała) her mobile phone and we weren’t able to contact her.