10

Learning Activity Sheet 4:

Statistical Mini Research and Uses Appropriate
Measures of Position and other Statistical Methods
in Analyzing and Interpreting Research Data

Genevieve Coraine G. Fajagutana

Shiena Marie C. Mendoza
Writers
Cecile S. Dela Rosa
Evaluator
Lesson 1: Statistical Mini Research
Competency: Formulates Statistical Mini Research. (M10SP-IVg-1)
Reference: Self-Learning Module 13 for Grade 10
Self-Learning Module 18 for Grade 10,
Dulap et.al.(2017). Mini-research on performance of grade 10 St. John mathematics quiz #3.
Malintana National High School
Specific Objectives: At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
a. define research;
b. enumerate steps in formulating a statistical mini research;
c. formulate a statistical mini research.
Materials Needed: Paper and Pen
Concept Digest:

Research
is a systematic study into a specific problem, concern or issue using a scientific method to
establish facts and new conclusions.

Statistical Mini Research

According to Rosario, Eden, Eniego and Lundag (2018), Statistical Mini Research is the
output of data gathered through questionnaire, interview, observation, and experimentation from
an identified set of examples. They enumerated steps in formulating a statistical mini research.

Step in formulating a Statistical Mini Research:

Step 1: State the problem

You can start by brainstorming topics that you find interesting. It can be current issues or
problems. Just make sure that the problem is attainable and realistic. It is important that you set
limitations of your research. For example, your respondents will be only be limited for Grade 10
students. In stating the problem, hypothesis is needed. Hypothesis is an educated guess or
assumption to the problem stated. You need to provide practical and complete assumptions.

Step 2: Design the research

Provide an outline of your mini research. The research design is the framework of research
methods. It is designed to explain the data collection and the statistical analysis plan in order to
come up with a reliable result and conclusion.

Parts of a Research Paper:

I. Background of the Study
II. Statement of the Problem
III. Significance of the Study
 IV. Methodology
A. Research Design
B. Respondents
C. Data Gathering
D. Statistical Treatments
V. Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
Step 3: Gather the data
Data should be collected accurately and convenient to use. Some data are readily available
from school records or government websites. You can obtain data through surveys,
questionnaires, interviews or observation.

Step 4: Analyze the data

It is the important part or the “heart” of the research. Analyzing data means reviewing and
transforming the data gathered into meaningful information and relevant conclusion. You will use
appropriate statistical method (Measures of Central Tendency and Measures of Position) to
interpret research data.

Step 5: Make Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations

This is the last step in formulating a mini research wherein the findings of the data are
summarized. This will answer your hypothesis through conclusions and generate
recommendations for future researchers.
Example:
Research Title: The Performance of Grade 10 St. Vincent in Mathematics Summative Test 1 for the Fourth
Quarter
I. Background of the Study
Math is a discipline that focuses on numbers and how they are related to each other and to
the real world. Math is often cited as a difficult subject that is why most students tend to have
low scores. With motivation and interest, math can be viewed as an interesting subject. That is
why teachers need to know the performance of the students to effectively implement
interventions that can help them improve their performance.
II. Statement of the Problem
The research will help the researcher identify the performance of Grade 10 St. Vincent in a
20-item Mathematics Summative Test 1 for the fourth quarter.
III. Significance of the Study
Through this research, the researcher will be able to know if how many students passed the
summative test. The researcher can also know those students who need help in the topic or in
the subject.
IV. Methodology
A. Research Design
- A quantitative approach was used in conducting the research.
B. Respondents
- Grade 10 St. Vincent students
 C. Data Gathering
- The data used in the study was obtained through a survey of scores from the
respondents.
D. Statistical Treatments
- Mean, Percentile Rank

Scores f <cf Xm fXm

19-20 4 30 19.5 78
17-18 9 26 17.5 157.5
15-16 6 17 15.5 93
13-14 5 11 13.5 67.5
11-12 4 6 11.5 46
9-10 2 2 9.5 19
N=30 ∑fXm=461

The passing score for the summative test is 15.

15-16 6 17 15.5 93
𝟏𝟎𝟎 (𝑷−𝑳𝑩)𝒇 𝟏𝟎𝟎 (𝟏𝟓−𝟏𝟒.𝟓)𝟔
𝑷𝑹 = [ + 𝒄𝒇]= [ + 𝟏𝟏] = 𝟒𝟏. 𝟔𝟕% = 𝟒𝟐%
𝑵 𝒊 𝟑𝟎 𝟐

V. Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

Results:
- The class has an average score of 15.37
- 42% of the class has a score which is equal or lower than 15
- 58% of the class has a score which is equal or higher than 15
Based from the result, 58% of the class passed the summative test and 42% of the
class failed. Remedial sessions or additional activities must be given to those students who
failed the test.
DRILL
A. Find and encircle 10 words that are related to research in the puzzle. Look for the words in all
directions: top-down and diagonally. (10 points)
 B. Identify what part of the research process is being described in the following situations below.
Write the only the letter of your answer. (5 points)
a. State the problem
b. Design the research
c. Gather the data
d. Analyze the data
e. Make summary, conclusions and recommendations
_____1. Sarah is conducting a survey about the effectivity of online classes.
_____2. John and his friends are conducting a brainstorming activity to come up with an interesting
topic to study.
_____3. May Ann formulated conclusions and recommendations based from the data they have
gathered.
_____4. Joey used statistical methods to analyze the data they gathered from the survey.
_____5. Christ and his group decided to use a quantitative approach for their research design.

LESSON 2: Uses Appropriate Measures of Position and other Statistical Methods in

Analyzing and Interpreting Research Data

Learning Competency: 1. The learner uses appropriate measures of position and other statistical methods
in analyzing and interpreting research data.
Objective: At the end of the lesson, you should be able to use appropriate measures of position and other
statistical methods in analyzing and interpreting research data.

References: Math 10 Learners’ Material; E-Math 10; Spiral Math 10;

A Spiral Approach, Explanation, Examples, Exercises Mathematics 10;
Self-Learning Module 16 for Grade 10; Self-Learning Module 17 for Grade 10,

Concept Digest:
Collection of data is an important part of Statistics. Data should be collected in a manner that they
are accurate and convenient to use.

Data is a collection of facts or information. They may be gathered by using the following methods.
1. Conducting Surveys
2. Observing the Outcomes of Events
3. Taking measurements in experiments
4. Reading Statistical Publication
Methods Used in the Collecting Data
 Interview Method – this method of collecting data is an oral verbal communication where the
interviewer asks questions generally in a face to face contact to the other person or persons. The
person gathering the data is called the interviewer, while the person supplying the data is the
interviewee.

 Questionnaire Method – the data gathered through questionnaires, the questionnaire is mailed to
respondents who are expected to read and understand the questions and write down the reply in
the space meant for the purpose in the questionnaire itself. The respondents have to answer the
questions on their own.

 Observation Method – the data are gathered either individually or collectively by means of
observation. The person who gathers the data is called an investigator while the person being
observed is called the subject.
 Experiment Method – this method is used when the objective is to determine the cause and effect.
Relationship of a certain phenomenon under controlled condition.

Example 1:
1. Arvin got a score of 23 points in 30-element Math quiz. He wants to know the standing of his
score among the quizzers. He asked his 49 fellow quizzers to write their scores and collected it.
The table below shows their scores in Math Quiz.

11 19 11 15 16
16 16 15 17 10
21 11 13 21 10
11 19 24 12 22
19 13 18 20 21
19 15 11 25 29
16 23 10 17 11
16 24 12 21 13
26 15 11 14 10
11 15 18 12 20

From the data gathered by Arvin, he organizes a frequency distribution table. Using the frequency
table , it helps us to record, clarify and easily find what we are looking for our data. In a tally table, tally
marks ( I ) are used to record data, while in a frequency table, numbers are used instead of tally marks.
A frequency is the number occurrences of a data. Frequency table is a table that lists items and
shows the number of times the items occur.
 SCORES TALLY Frequency Lower Boundary < 𝒄𝒇
(f) (l.b)
27 – 29 I 1 26.5 50
24 – 26 IIII 4 23.5 49
21 – 23 IIII – I 6 20.5 45
18 – 20 IIII – III 8 17.5 29
15 – 17 IIII – IIII – II 12 14.5 31
12 – 14 IIII – II 7 11.5 19
9 - 11 IIII – IIII - II 12 8.5 12

To get the standing of Arvin’s score in Math Quiz, he used the percentile rank.
Percentile Rank is typically defined as the proportion of scores in a distribution that a specific score is
greater than or equal to.
Solution:

Therefore, 46% of quizzers got a score lower than 23 while 54% of them got a higher score than
Arvin’s score.
Example 2:
Mrs. Reyes conducted a 50 items in Statistics Examination to her class. A score of 37 and above will
pass the exam. Ronnie is one of her students and got the score that belongs to the 75 th percentile. Should
Ronnie be glad about his score in his statistics exam?

The table below shows their scores in Statistics Examination that Ronnie’s gathered scored to his
classmates.
 25 26 46 41 45
43 38 37 34 27
24 28 37 47 43
27 33 31 38 36
21 21 23 26 44
39 41 47 35 37
31 33 28 22 30
49 32 36 44 42
36 32 29 39 27
40 33 30 26 28

Ronnie organizes a table of values using their score in Statistics Examination

SCORES Tally Frequency Lower Boundary < 𝒄𝒇

46 - 50 IIII 4 45.5 50
41- 45 IIII - III 8 40.5 46
36 – 40 IIII – IIII - I 11 35.5 38
31 – 35 IIII - IIII 9 30.5 27
26 – 30 IIII – IIII - II 12 25.5 18
21 - 25 IIII - I 6 20.5 6

To determine his performance in Statistics Examination he used the percentile of grouped data.

The percentile of grouped data is used to characterize values according to the percentage below them.

Solution:

Therefore, 75% of the students got a score of less than or equal to 36 – 40. Ronnie should be glad
because his scores belongs to 36 -40 and he passed his Statistics Examination.
DRILL
Apply the knowledge and skills you have learned in this lesson to evaluate and interpret test results
and to make/formulate meaningful decision based on the results to resolve the difficulties of the students.
a. Complete the frequency table.
b. Interpret the data.

1. Mr. Rudy collect and checked the math test that he gave to his Grade 10 students. The passing score
should be 45. One of his students Andrew got a score of 35. What is his percentile rank? Make your
own conclusion.

The data below are the scores of 40 Grade 10 students in a Math Test

SCORE TALLY FREQUENCY LOWER < 𝒄𝒇

BOUNDARY
53 – 56 1 52.5 40
49 – 52 3 48.5 39
45 – 48 3
41 – 44 4 40.5 33
37 – 40 2
33 – 36 4 32.5 27
29 – 32 4 28.5
25 – 28 8 24.5 19
21 – 24 6 11
17 – 20 2 16.5
13 - 16 3 3
 MATHEMATICS 10
FOURTH QUARTER
PARALLEL ASSESSMENT NO. 4

GENERAL DIRECTION: Read the question or statement carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer
and write it on the space provided before each number.

____ 1. What word refers to a systematic study into a specific problem, concern or issue using a
scientific method to establish facts and new conclusions?
A. Analysis B. Conceptualization C. Research D. Survey
____ 2. Which of the following refers to the framework of methods and techniques that you used in
your research?
A. Conclusion B. Research Design C. Respondents D. Summary
____ 3. Which of the following doesn’t belong to the steps enumerated by Rosario, Eniego and, Lundag in
formulating a statistical mini research?
A. Analyze the Data
B. Construct Table
C. Gather the Data
D. State the Problem
____ 4. What do you call persons who are invited to participate in a study?
A. Conclusion B. Research Design C. Respondents D. Summary
____ 5. This refers to reviewing and transforming the data gathered into meaningful information
and relevant conclusion?
A. Analyzing Data B. Data Gathering C. Summary D. Recommendation
____ 6. This refers to collecting data through surveys, interview, and questionnaires?
A. Analyzing Data B. Data Gathering C. Summary D. Recommendation
____ 7. What step in formulating a statistical mini research refers to brainstorming of ideas or issues to be
studied?
A. Analyze the Data
B. Design the Research
C. Gather the Data
D. State the Problem
____ 8. How many steps did Rosario, Eniego, and Lundag enumerated in formulating a statistical
mini research?
A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7
____ 9. What refers to the output of data gathered through questionnaire, interview, observation,
and experimentation from an identified set of examples?
A. Journal
B. Portfolio
C. Statistical Mini Research
D. Survey
____ 10. What refers to applying statistical methods to your gathered data?
A. Conclusion B. Research Design C. Respondents D. Statistical Treatment
____ 11. This method is done when a person solicits information from another person.
A. Interview Method C. Observation Method
B. Experiment Method D. Questionnaire Method
____12. It is a collection of facts or information. They may be gathered by using different kind of methods.
A. Data C. Questionnaire
B. Interview D. Survey
____13. It is defined as the proportion of scores in a distribution that a specific score is greater than or
equal to.
A. Data gathered C. Percentile Rank
B. Percentage D. Percentile group of data
____ 14. It is a chart that summarizes values and their frequency. It’s a useful way to organize data if you
have a list of numbers that represent the frequency of a certain outcome in a sample.
A. Cumulative Frequency C. Frequency distribution table
B. Data gathered D. Percentile Rank
____ 15. It involves taking the result of data analysis, making inferences on the relations studied, and using
them to conclude.
A. Conclusion C. Data gathered
B. Data interpretation D. Summary
For numbers 16 – 20, the data below are the Math test score of 50 students in Grade 10.

Scores Frequency Lower Boundary < 𝒄𝒇

46 – 50 6 45.5 50
41 – 45 7 40.5 44
36 – 40 13 35.5 37
31 – 35 9 30.5 24
26 – 30 10 25.5 15
21 - 25 5 20.5 5

______ 16. From the given Data, find how many percent of the scores are less than the cumulative
frequency of 37 in the Math test scores of 50 students.
A. There are 27.9% of the score of the students are less than the cumulative frequency of 37.
B. There are 28.9% of the score of the students are less than the cumulative frequency of 37.
C. There are 29.9% of the score of the students are less than the cumulative frequency of 37.
D. There are 31% of the score of the students are less than the cumulative frequency of 37.

______17. Find how many percent of the scores are greater than the cumulative frequency of 37 in the
Math test scores of 50 students.
A. There are 72.1% of the score of the students are less than the cumulative frequency of 37.
B. There are 71.1% of the score of the students are less than the cumulative frequency of 37.
C. There are 70.1% of the score of the students are less than the cumulative frequency of 37.
D. There are 69% of the score of the students are less than the cumulative frequency of 37.
______18. Using the given data, if one of the students got a score of 41, what is her/his percentile rank?
A. 37.7% B. 38.7% C. 39.7% D. 47.7%
______19. What percentage of the students who get the score lower than 28?
A. 10% of the students have a score lower than 28.
B. 12% of the students have a score lower than 28.
C. 14% of the students have a score lower than 28.
D. 16% of the students have a score lower than 28.
______20. Vic is one of the students who took the Math test, he got a score of 31 from 50-item tests. What
is his percentile rank?
A. 12% of the scores of the students are less than 31 while 88% of the scores of the students are
greater than 31.
B. 15% of the scores of the students are less than 31 while 85% of the scores of the students are
greater than 31.
C. 18% of the scores of the students are less than 31 while 82% of the scores of the students are
greater than 31.
D. 22% of the scores of the students are less than 31 while 78% of the scores of the students are
greater than 31.