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Context Diagram - Slides Only

The document outlines the Week 5 lecture on modeling Information Systems (IS) using Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs). It covers the definition and components of an IS, the types of business IS, and the purpose of DFDs in representing data flow and system processes. The agenda includes creating context diagrams, understanding current and new system representations, and the symbols used in DFD modeling.

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Inam Saba
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11 views17 pages

Context Diagram - Slides Only

The document outlines the Week 5 lecture on modeling Information Systems (IS) using Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs). It covers the definition and components of an IS, the types of business IS, and the purpose of DFDs in representing data flow and system processes. The agenda includes creating context diagrams, understanding current and new system representations, and the symbols used in DFD modeling.

Uploaded by

Inam Saba
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Block 1

Week 5

Modelling an IS (Context Diagrams)


Lecturer: Samwel Mwapwele
Consulting Hours: Monday 12h00 – 14h00
Email Address: samwel.mwapwele@wits.ac.za

Information Systems IA / Fundamentals of Information Systems


What have we covered?

Defined an IS: components

Work of an IS: collect, store, process, retrieve, deliver information

Types of business IS: business (TPS, MIS, DSS etc.)

Types of business IS: hedonic, utilitarian, and hybrid

2
Where are we at?

How can we formally describe an information system, i.e. how it collects, stores, processes data to
produce information?

Over the next three weeks, we will learn how to formally describe an information system

Using data flow diagrams (week 5)

Using activity diagrams (week 6)

Using entity relationship diagrams (week 7)

3
Agenda
Modelling with Data Flow Diagrams (DFDs).

Draw DFDs to represent the flow of data in an information system.

Decompose DFDs into lower-level (primitive/functional) diagrams.

Balance high-level and low-level DFDs.

The differences between current physical, current logical, new physical,


and new logical DFDs.

Using DFDs for analysing information systems.

4
Modelling
A technique for graphically representing how an information system captures,
manipulates, stores, and distributes data;
▪ between a system and its environment,
▪ among system components.

ADFDmodels objects, associations, activities by describing how data can flow between and
around various objects.

A picture of the movement of data between external entities and the


processes within a system.

DFD describes what activities are occurring to fulfil a business relationship or accomplish a
business task, but not how these activitiesare performed
– that is DFDs show the logical sequence of associations and activities, not the physical
processes.
DFD’s work on the premise that for every activity, there is some communication,
transference, or flow that can be described as a data element

5
DFD Modelling: Deliverables and Outcomes

Context data flow diagram (DFD).


▪ Shows the scope of a system (i.e. a top-level view)

DFDs are created showing the current physical and logical system.
▪ It enables analysts to understand how the current system operates.

DFDs of new logical system.


▪ The DFDis independent of technology.
▪ It shows data flows, structure (environment), and functional (processes) requirements of the
new system.

6
DFD
Process: Transforms incoming data flow into out
going data flow

Data Store: a repository of data in the system. They are


also referred to as files, databases or data entities

Source/External Entity: External entities are sources


or destinations of the system’s inputs and outputs.

Data flow: pipeline through which packets of information


flow

7
DFD Symbols

Data flow diagrams use four primary symbols which are:


➢ Process - transforms incoming data flow into outgoing data flow
➢ Data Store - a repository of data in the system. They are also referred to as files
➢ Source/Sink - objects outside the system, with which the system communicates. External
entities are sources or destinations of the system’s inputs and outputs

➢ Data flow - pipeline through which packets of information flow

For this course, we will use Gane and Sarson notation.

8
DFD Modelling

The Context Diagram

9
CONTEXTDIAGRAM

▪ The context diagram shows the systems boundaries.


▪ It is a diagram used to give an overview of the entire system
▪ There is only one process node that represents the entire system
▪ The purpose of the diagram is to display the expected inputs and
outputs from the system to the various external entities

10
Context Diagram: of Pizza food ordering system

Context diagram shows the


system boundaries, external
entities that interact with the
system, and major information
flows between entities and the
system.

NOTE: only one process symbol, and no data stores shown.

11
Context diagram (defines the scopeof the system)
SUPPLIER
Invoice Purchase Order

12
13
DVD rental ordering system

14
Bank System

15
16
Information Systems IA / Fundamentals of Information Systems

17

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