Biostoistics t Rusorch Mahodalogy Unit-2

BPBolT

Definiton Probabi bily. Dr. Parlanya Sauda

r. N.?. Sngh Clame
(4) Mahemahcal or lanical Dafinstion i
Mahemahcal de ini hien þrobabilily
propostd by JtobondBanouion Jatir adopBad
Loþlace oHhers
tHera.
3 o xondom exhevimant con produau n mutually
xclusive cases' all d which 0T CQualy Bey bkoy
and m o hes Cases
QVant A
Jovouiahl totb on'

then tho aio o m andn iÀ callud iÀ callad þrobabildy

event A.

P(A) m Numbu od dovomabl cases to A

total numbir d þomibk Singh
Ih onother 0ay
an con habben in and Pratab
iLon avent A n a ways
in ways and al khess ways bing
qu ally bkily to occur. Ken Mahandro
Probabib'hy Hopþening A= a+b - PCA)
|By-Dr.
Prbabibily
(2) Stotishca or Empirical Probability
k

Soma times an otcom set for an exborimant is

not known or not br cqually lilealy
* So onohur mehod is xaquind to' Galculate brobability
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 x Tha mehod is basd on AUsula d perfomng
extimunt o numbu d Wims Dr. Parlanya Shukta
Dr. N..8hgh lanse
yilding ofuguny dstibuhon d events or outeon
X bomu Qvent d on exberinent hat has
bun þuomid E fins to gin ofraquanay
distribuion
ke cmpinicad þro babiliy d OnuévuntmorO
Eouring when
oprinund
otiten as Pomed Hmu is

P(E) : ha numbLY imes hu evant occurid

ha numbur d himus ho aperiment was rfomad
E)
By- Dr. Mahndra Pratah Singh
Wumaricals
1.! hat iais probabiity f
d rouing a numbr gruatar
Hon 4 oih an ordinany diu ?
Soluhon;- Th hrowing
krowi or dinony diu
Wn hove 6 possibli ways n =6
two (5,6) au Jovounabl to avent A(gnabur hon 4)
m= 2.

probabilihy numbar gruatar Kan 4 =P(A)

m
P(A) 2
6 3

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l.2 Aind h pro babiliy d throain9
o 7 in'o singl: Brow tuwo Dr. Parjaya Shukla
ordinany dia. Dr, M.P. 8ngh Clam

Soluhon'- When too ordinory diu ou krown toquter

thu sombl sbou S or Mondom exp1rimint is
Sing
S 1,1 1, 2 1,3 1,4 1,6 1,6
Praap
2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 2,6
Mahundra
3, 1 3,2 3,3 3,4 3,5 3,6

4,1 4,2 4,3 4,4 9,5 4,6 By-Dr.

5,1 5,.2 5,3 5,4 5,5 5 ,6

6,1 6,2 6,3 6,4 6,5 6,6

Numb1y dd somþl points in he somþlu sbou S is

6x6 n (S) 36.

Qvent d geting 7 then

E = (4,6), (Q,5), (3,4),4,3), (5,2),(6, 1)
n(6) : numbar d ompu boints in evant A = 6
n
So Probabiihy P(E) : n(6) 1
ns) 36 6

1.3 What is bro bability at o lap yaar,seluctad

at uondom
wil havu 53 Sunday ?
Solahon,;. A uab year has 366 days nd has 52
Combua weaks and 2 days extra.
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 X The tuwb axtro days
can
Ú Sunday s monday occur in olloainq woays9r. Parjenya SAukla
(i) Menday and Tus day
(i) Tus day and Ws dnes day Dr, M.?, 8lngh Clame
(iy Wednuday and Thuys day
v) Thurh day and fiday
(wi)riday and Soturday
(v) Saturday and Sunday
So Numbr o cass n (S) = 7
Numbtr dd Javouaabl
Javouabl1 cases n (E) = 2
Probability PCE) = hCE)
n(s)
2
7

1.4- Ih Gþlahc contanY hi thru arA 5 CrOAin and lo

Ashirin tablus. 4f onu tablet is choAsn ot Hondom
ind hathu þrobability that Apirin or Crogin tablats
0ra Alcted.
^oluhion i- A s Ra Aspirin tablu. In cvant A
io otomus. Singk
Lot B is He Crosin tabla. In QVent B there Pratap
5 Outcomus
Mahundra
Ih Contangr tkera ore IS tabuh. So turn uwil ba
outcomes.
By-Dr.
Probability d chosing Aspirin P(a) =
Probability d choing CroAin P(B) S

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Q1;- Anumbar dJomilies o o þoricular Parjaya SAukla
tybt tdan muasürnd by R numb1r d Dr.
children Heay contain, (fngunay datibuben is ar. M.. siogh
Numba o Childran 1 5 0 M0TA
Numb1r jomibu 12 28 228

Usa His intomaton oto ca euwat1 þrobabiity tkot onokar

omily d Bis typu wil hoV!
9 childran
(b) 3 OT MoTA children
(C) w han childran.
Solhion i = 12+28+22+8+ 2+ 2 = 74

(a) Just
Probabilly d onoher Jamily o his kype wil hav.
2 children
P(2 childrun)= f (2 children)- 2 =0-297
74
Singk|
(b) Prababily d onoher omly d tis tybu will hava
Hett 3or mor ors childran Praap
P (3 or mor! childran) - f(3 or morA childran)
dra
8+2 +2 IR- 0.162, Mahun
74 74

robabilhy ono hur Jamily of ho's typu wil hava By-Dr.

w than chldr±n
P(us than 2 Childrn) : (lon than QChldren)
28 +12 - 40 - 0.S4l
74 74
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