JURAZ SCHOOLS

CRÈCHE, NURSERY, BASIC & COLLEGE

PASTOR SUNDAY STREET, OFF BOLA TINUBU WAY, OREYO, IGBOGBO,
IKORODU, LAGOS STATE.
SECOND TERM EXAMINATION, ACADEMIC SESSION 2023/2024
SUBJECT: BIOLOGY TIME:1HR 30MINS CLASS:
SS1
SECTION A: OBJECTIVE TEST
Instruction: Answer all Questions in this section.
1. Which of the following would be a primary producer in a food chain? (a) saprophytes (b)
herbivores (c) carnivores (d) green plants (e) parasites
2. Fewer number of trees is characteristics of the savanna zones of Nigeria because
(a) there is too much sunlight (b) there is limited amount of rainfall (c) they are usually
exposed to grazing animals (d) they are covered by high mountain (e) the Farmers
always engage in Bush burning
3. The number of individuals in a habitat in relation to the unit space available to each
organism is referred to as the (a) birth rate (b) density (c) mortality (d) frequency (e)
dispersion
4. Which of the following organism does not exist as a single cell? (a) amoeba (b) euglena
(c) volvox (d) chlamydomonas
5. Which of the following features of paramecium is not an advancement over amoeba?
The possession of (a) definite shape (b) cilia (c) oral groove (d) nucleus
6. The importance of balanced diet is to (a) maintain constant size of an animal (b) provide
good taste in the food (c) increase the effectiveness of digestion (d) provide good health
for an individual
7. Which of the following is not abiotic Factor ? (a) parasite (b) predators (c) grazers
(d) pressure
8. Desert plants are usually called? (a) hydrophyte (b) mesophyte (c) xerophytes
(d) sporophyte
9. The secchi disc is used to measure? (a) speed of flow of water (b) specific gravity of
water (c) turbidity of water (d) depth of water
10. Soil factors in an ecosystem are referred to as (a) topographic (b) climatic (c) biotic
(d) edaphic
11. A known weight of soil sample was oven-dried to obtain a constant weight. The loss in
weight was due to loss of (a) organic matter only (b) water only (c) water and organic
matter (d) inorganic matter and water
12. Carbon is added to the atmosphere by the following processes except (a) respiration (b)
burning (c) photosynthesis (d) volcanic eruption
13. Which of the following resources is competed for by organism in the desert (a) light (b)
temperature (c) oxygen (d) water
14. Which of the following best describes a colony of volvox?
(a) asexually reproduced cells held together in a mass, but independent of each other
(b) sexually reproduced cells held together in a mass and dependent on each other (c)
single free living acellular unit irrespective of their parental origin(d) several units of
cells held together by cytoplasmic strands and dependent on each other
15. All the following organelles have membranes except (a) nucleus (b) vacuole (c) cell
membrane (d) cell wall
16. Which of these has the most complex level of organisation? (a) euglena (b) hydra (c)
heart (d) virus
17. The unit contained in a cell structure responsible for changes in form and shape of
organism is called? (a) mitochondria (b) gene (c) ribosomes (d) lysosomes
18. The plant cell mostly stores food as (a) glycogen (b) auxins (c) hormones (d) starch
19. Which of the following statements is incorrect about diffusion? (a) it involves
degradation of soluble particles in solvent (b) it occurs mainly in gaseous and liquid
Media (c) no membrane is needed to effect the movement of molecules (d) molecules
move from region of lower concentration to that of higher concentration
20. In commensalism? (a) one of the organism gains and the other loses (b) both organism
benefit from the association (c) one of the organism gains while the other neithergains
nor lose(d) one of the organism produces extracellular digestive juices
21. Parasitism can best be defined as an association between two organism in which (a)
both organisms benefit (b) one organism gains and the otherneither gains nor loses (c)
both organisms suffer some disadvantages (d) one organism gains and the other loses
Study the diagram below and use it to answer question 22 -23

22. The best title for the above diagram is? (a) terrestrial food web (b) terrestrial food chain
(c) aquatic food web (d) aquatic food chain
23. How many food chains are in the diagram? (a) three (b) four (c) five (d) six
24. Plant with breathing roots are characteristic features of vegetation in (a) tropical
grassland (b) temperate grassland (c) salt water swamp (d) tropical rainforest
25. The process by which plants manufacture food from carbon dioxide and water using
energy from the sun is called ? (a) chemosynthesis (b) photosynthesis (c) anabolism (d)
catabolism
26. Which of the following substance is not a complex carbohydrate? (a) glycogen (b)
cellulose (c) starch (d) glucose
27. Which of the following association is an example of epiphytism? (a) lice in human hair
(b) mistletoe on citrus fruit (c) egret on cow (d) fern on palm tree
Study the diagrams below carefully and use them to answer question 28 and 29
28. What is the livelihood of the bird in I ?(a) Worms (b) seed (c) nectar (d) fishes
29. The food of the bird in ii is? (a) worms (b) seeds (c) nectar (d) fishes
30. Ecology simply means the study of? (a) particular species of plants and animal (b) the
interrelationship between organism and their environment (c) the properties of a
habitat (d) the interrelationship between plants and animals
31. The maximum size of population that a given area can support is known as (a)
population density (b) carrying capacity (c) population growth (d) maximum population
32. The producers in a food chain in an aquatic environment are (a) birds (b) phytoplankton
(c) zooplankton (d) fishes
33. The bacteria that reduces nitrates in the soil into gaseous nitrogen are referred to as
(a) nitrifying bacteria (b) denitrifying bacteria (c) putrefying bacteria (d) saprophytic
bacteria
34. A pyramid of numbers is constructed by? (a) comparing living and non living things
(b) measuring productivity (c) conducting census (d) labelling the living organism
35. The main reason for immunizing children is to (a) destroy pathogens in their bodies
(b) increase the production of white blood cells (c) stimulate the production of
antibodies (d) stimulate the production of antigens
36. Rhizobium which lives in the root nodules of leguminous plant is an example of the
association known as ? (a) commensalism (b) epiphytism(c) mutualism (d) saprophytic
37. Which of the following statement is not a reason for conserving wildlife? (a) attraction
of tourist into the country (b) serving as a source of food (c) serving as a source of
income (d) increasing the amount of rainfall
38. An example of an organism that exists as a colony is? (a) spirogyra (b) paramecium (c)
euglena (d) volvox
39. which of the following structures will not be found in the nucleus of a cell ?(a) DNA (b)
nucleolus (c) lysosome (d) centriole
40. An example of organ level of organisation is ? (a) bird (b) kidney (c) spermatozoon (d)
xylem
41. Which of the following forms of energy is utilised during photosynthesis? (a) potential
(b) kinetic (c) solar (d) chemical
42. Light is excluded from a water culture experiment in order to (a) prevent overheating of
the roots(b) enable the roots to grow straight down (c) prevent ionization of water
molecules (d) prevent the growth of algae
43. The major mineral present in the shell of molluscs is (a) copper (b) sodium (c) iron (d)
calcium
44. The conversion of ammonium salt into nitrates is called (a) putrefaction (b)
denitrification (c) fixation (d) nitrification
45. The complex relationship between the members of a community and their physical
environment is known as (a) commensalism (b) symbiosis (c) saprophytism (d) ecology
46. The specific role of a species within its environment is known as its (a) habitat (b) niche
(c) trophic level (d) biotic community
47. Which of the following soil fertility improvement method will have the most negative
effect on the ecosystem if not controlled?(a) application of NPK fertilizer (b) shifting
cultivation (c) mixed farming (d) crop rotation
48. Organism in an ecosystem are usually grouped according to their trophic level into (a)
carnivores and omnivores (b) consumers and parasites (c) producers and saprophytes
(d) producers and consumers
 49. In the pyramid of energy illustrated below the organism with the least amount of
transferred energy is (a) spirogyra (b) tadpole (c) fish (d) bird
50. Maize grains are best stored against insect attacks by (a) keeping in a silo (b) storing in
the room (c) leaving them on their cubs (d) covering with leaves

SECTION B: THEORY
INSTRUCTION: Attempt four (5) questions ONLY, number 1 is compulsory
1a. Define ecology and mention the two main branches of Ecology (2marks)
i. List five (5) Ecological concepts and explain (5marks)
ii. Mention five (5) Biotic and five (5) Abiotic factors that influence the living of organisms in
any habitat (2marks)
b. In a tabular form list seven (7) instruments for measuring ecological factors and their uses
(3marks)
c. Define the following terms (i) Autotrophy (ii) Heterotrophy (iii) Decomposers (3marks)
2. Define: Food chain (ii) Food web ( (1marks)
bi. Draw a Food chain in a terrestrial habitat (1marks)
bii. . Draw a Food web in a terrestrial habitat (1marks)
c. Mention three (3) differences between Food chain and Food web (2marks)
3a. Define soil (1marks)
3bi. Mention the three types of soil (1marks)
3c. List two (2) factors affecting water holding capacity of soils. (3marks)
4a. With the aid of a map, describe n the local biotic communities in Nigeria (2marks)
b. List five (5) Major Biomes of the world (2marks)
4c.Describe the location and characteristics of two (2) of the biomes named in 4b (1marks)
5. Define carbon cycle (1marks)
5b. State the importance of carbon in nature (1marks)
bii. State the importance of water to living organisms (1marks)
c. State three (3) ways by which Nitrogen is made available to the soil. (2marks)
6a. Define the following terms: Tolerance, Adaptation, pollution (2marks)
b. State the structural adaptation of fish, bird and toad (2marks)
c. List the four (4) types of pollution and their pollutants (2marks)
7a. Define conservation and state the need for conversation (2marks)
b. List five Natural resources that need to be conserved (2marks)
7c. List three (3) problems associated with conservation (2marks)