TIẾNG ANH 11 I-LEARN SMART WORLD

ĐÁP ÁN UNIT 6: WORLD HERITAGES

BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG
EXERCISE 1 Complete the sentences using the given words.
canyon impressive landscape photography unique
awareness historical responsible originally statues
1. Boss Tweed was not responsible for the destruction of Central Park’s dinosaur statues.
2. Roughly 400 people are registered for this year’s 200-mile race — an impressive return, considering
in 2018, the last time the race was held, the Fireweed drew around 600 participants across all four
categories.
3. A canyon is a deep, narrow valley with steep sides
4. We need to raise public awareness of the issue
5. The city council is responsible for keeping the streets clean
6. Each person's genetic code is unique except in the case of identical twins.
7. They now live in California, but originally they came from Mexico
8. The impact of farming on the natural landscape has increased greatly.
9. Her hobbies include hiking and photography.
10. Good historical fiction sheds light on the past.

EXERCISE 2 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following
questions.
1. I'd like to book a room with a/an ____ of the sea.
A. outlook B. sight C. view D. scenery
2. What are some famous_____ in the world that you know?
A. places B. cave C. jungle D. karst
3. The most popular destinations for ____ holidays are Spain, Italy, and Greece.
A. charter B. package C. packed D. packet
4. I am a tour _____with a company in Phong Nha – Ke Bang in Central Vietnam.
A. excursions B. expeditions C. guide D. sightseeing
5. One day when I'm rich and famous, I'm going to go on a round-the-world ____.
A. cruise B. sail C. self-catering D. survival
6. The most interesting fact is that it was Dinh Tien Hoang who built the Hoa Lu Ancient______
A. city B. town C. village D. capital
7. My favourite part of Vietnam is Quy Nhon city. There's some absolutely beautiful ____ there.
A. nature B. signs C. scenery D. views
8. Many of us dream of living _____, and science shows coastal living could be beneficial for both our
mental and physical health.
A. by the sea B. on the sand C. on the beach D. by the shore
9. It can be quite busy here during high ____.
A. period B. phase C. stage D. season
10. I always enjoy our school ____ to France.
A. excursion B. journey C. trip D. travel
11. Going to college can be a ______of self-discovery
A. voyage B. cruise C. travel D. tour
12. People were evacuated from the coastal regions in ______of the hurricane
A. ahead B. advance C. front D. forward
13. We have to ______ heritage sites so that people can enjoy them in the future.
A.converse B.preserve C. be reservedD. reverse
14. Nha Trang city is always ____ with tourists.
A. full B. crowded C. flooded D. covered
15. If you want to see more of the country, we_____ taking an overnight train
 A. recommend B. require C. clarify D.classify
EXERCISE 3 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the
underlined word(s)in each of the following questions.
1. The balance and harmonious blending of various elements contribute to Taj Mahal's unique beauty.
A. successful B. agreeable C. tasteful D. fitting
2. My Son Sanctuary is a large complex of religious relics comprising more than 70 architectural works
such as towers, temples, and tombs.
A. royal B. precious C. holy D. valuable
3. The central gate was for the emperor only
A. royal highness B. Royal city C. Royal theater D. Imperial city
4. Most of the Imperial Citadel of Thang Long was demolished in the early 20th century.
A. rebuilt B. pulled down C. put up D. pulled up
5. Recognised as a World Heritage Site in 1983, the Taj Mahal Complex, including the tomb, mosque,
guest house, and main gate, has preserved the original qualities of the buildings.
A. initial B. ancient C. unique D. perfect
6. As visitors explore this magnificent place, there are always new surprises for them.
A. interesting B. strange C. impressive D. unusual
EXERCISE 4 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. Though built almost five hundred years ago, the church remained practically intact.
A. in perfection B. in ruins C. in chaos D. in completion
2. Tourists can do and see a lot in Ha Long Bay at a reasonable price.
A. inexpensive B. affordable C. cheap D. exorbitant
3. The major stone sections of the Citadel of the Ho Dynasty remain intact thanks to the unique
construction techniques.
A. special B. common C. excellent D. ancient
4. The Imperial Citadel of Thang Long was first built during the Ly Dynasty and then expanded by
subsequent dynasties.
A. following B. successive C. preceding D. next
5. Visitors with more abundant travel budgets can enjoy the comfort of five-star hotels and luxury cruise
ships.
A. huge B. plentiful C. mean D. tight EXERCISE
5 Complete the following sentences with the correct forms of the words in capitals
1. I was _________________ delayed because of traffic congestion. (AVOID)
2. She clutched her bag _________________ (PROTECT)
3. Buy three and make a _________________ of 50.000 VND. (SAVE)
4. Some students reacted _________________ to his remarks. (ANGER)
5. I'd like a career in _________________ (JOURNAL)
6. The law recognizes a digital _________________ for online transactions. (SIGN)
7. He shouldn't treat his parents _________________ (DISRESPECT)
8. My mother is _________________ for cooking meals in my family. (RESPONSIBILITY)
9. We are in need of _________________ professionals for this subject. (EXPERIENCE)
10. Many important _________________ documents were destroyed when the library was burned
(HISTORY)
ĐÁP ÁN
1.unavoidably
2.protectively.
3.saving
4.angrily
5.journalism.
6. signature
 7. disrespectfully
8. responsible
9. experienced
10. historical
EXERCISE 6 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct response to each of the following
exchanges.
1. “I'm not hot. I'm absolutely roasting” – “____”
A. You lucky thing! I'm sure you'll enjoy it. B. Let's go and cool down in the sea.
C. You'll get a lovely suntan. D. Maybe you've got a sun stroke.
2. “Why don't you take your T-shirt off?” – “____”
A. That sounds like a good idea. B. Yes, let's take it off.
C. No, of course not. It's boiling here. D. Because I don't want to get sunburnt.
3. “____” – “That's a good idea! Then we'll still have a couple of hours left.”
A. I'd like to suggest we see the Imperial first. Then we'll have more time for the second
attraction.
B. Why don't we see the Imperial first? Then we'll have more time for the second attraction.
C. What do you think about we see the Imperial first? Then we'll have more time for the second
attraction.
D. How about see the Imperial first? Then we'll have more time for the second attraction.
4. “____” – “I'd like to see a cultural one.”
A. Would you like to visit a natural or a cultural world heritage site?
B. Which site is worth visiting in Hue? The Citadel or the Royal Tombs?
C. Would you like to go to Tomb of Minh Mang or the Citadel of the Ho Dynasty?
D. Do you prefer seeing the Citadel of the Ho Dynasty or Tomb of Minh Mang
5. “Can you recommend a good guest house in this area?” – “____”
A. I know. I prefer a B&B round the corner. B. Yes, there's a nice B&B round the corner.
C. Wow! It's very kind of you to ask me. D. Let's stop at the first hotel we find.
6. “____” – “Why don't we thumb a lift?”
A Where shall we stay? Can you recommend a good place in town?
B. How can we carry all this luggage by ourselves? It's too heavy for us.
C. Poor us! We've spent a whole day on the road.
D. How are we going to get home? We haven't got enough money for a taxi.
7. “Last year, we went to one of those resorts where everything - food and drink - is free.” – “____”
A. Wow! I didn't realise you were such snobs!
B. Really? I prefer to go somewhere a bit quieter.
C. It sounds great. I've never been on an all-inclusive holiday.
D. If you want all your meals and drinks included, you can stay on an all-inclusive basis.
8. “My back feels sore. Does it look a bit red?” – “____”
A. Yes, it does. I think you'll get a lovely suntan.
B. Yes, it does. Probably you should go for a swim.
C. Yes, it does. It's important to go for a paddle.
D. Yes, it does. Perhaps you should keep out of the sun for the rest of the day.
9. “____” – “No, not yet. I might call in at the travel agent's on the way home and pick up a few
brochures.”
A. Have you decided where you're going on holiday this year?
B. Have you booked the flight tickets for your holiday this year?
C. Have you discussed whether or not to go on holiday this year?
D. All are correct.
10. “I'm really fed up with work at the moment. I need a break.” – “____”
A. Why shouldn't you take next Friday off and have a long weekend in Paris or Amsterdam?
B. I would advise you to take next Friday off and have a long weekend in Paris or Amsterdam.
 C. Why don't you take next Friday off and have a long weekend in Paris or Amsterdam?
D. You're highly recommended taking next Friday off and have a long weekend in Paris or
Amsterdam.
11. “Are you going to Wales again this year?” – “____”
A. I'm going somewhere abroad where I can be sure of some sun.
B. Not likely! I'm going somewhere abroad where I can be sure of some sun.
C. Sure! I'm going somewhere abroad where I can be sure of some sun.
D. Actually, I'm going somewhere abroad where I can be sure of some sun.
12. “____” – “Glorious! Warm and sunny every day.”
A. What was the beach like? B. What was the weather like?
C. What was the hotel like? D. What were the people like?
13. “____” – “Well, most of the citadel was demolished in the early 20th century.”
A. Is it still intact or in ruins? B. Has it been pulled down?
C. Is it a significant geological site? D. What has happened to it?
14. “____” – “Let's go to the Citadel.”
A. Is the Citadel of the Ho Dynasty a natural or cultural world heritage site?
B. Shall we go to the Citadel of the Ho Dynasty or do you want to see another site?
C. When is the best time to visit the Citadel of the Ho Dynasty? In spring or summer?
D. Why do you recommend the Citadel of the Ho Dynasty? Is there anything special?

GRAMMAR
PHẦN I: CÂU CHẺ (CLEFT SENTENCES)
EXERCISE 1 Choose the correct sentence that is written using the underlined part and cleft
sentence with “It”.
1. He spent his summer vacation in Da Lat.
A. It is in Da Lat that he spent his summer vacation.
B. It was in Da Lat that he spent his summer vacation.
C. It is in Da Lat that he spends his summer vacation.
D. It was in Da Lat where he spends his summer vacation.
2. Candidates all over the world took part in the competition with great enthusiasm.
A. It is great enthusiasm that candidates all over the world took part in the competition.
B. It was great enthusiasm that candidates all over the world took part in the competition.
C. It was with great enthusiasm that candidates all over the world took part in the competition.
D. It is with great enthusiasm which candidates all over the world take part the competition.
3. He gains impressive achievements at the age of 20.
A. It is at the age of 20 that he gains impressive achievements.
B. It was at the age of 20 that he gains impressive achievements.
C. It is at the age of 20 that he gained impressive achievements.
D. It was at the age of 20 that he gained impressive achievements.
4. Mary made a great contribution to her husband's success.
A. It is Mary who made a great contribution to her husband's success.
B. It was Mary who makes a great contribution to her husband's success.
C. It was Mary who made a great contribution for her husband's success.
D. It was Mary who made a great contribution to her husband's success.
5. Most parents are willing to lend their ear to their children.
A. They are their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear to.
B. It is their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear to.
C. They are their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear.
D. It is their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear.
ĐÁP ÁN:
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B
EXERCISE 2 Choose the best option to complete the cleft sentences
1. ______________ my friend came to see me late
A. It was last night that
B. It was last night which
C. It was last night when
D. It was last night whom
2. _________ the little boy greeted in a strange language
A. It was his grandfather whom
B. It was his grandfather who
C. It was his grandfather that
D. It was his grandfather which
3. _________ asked the policeman a lot of questions
A. It was the pedestrian whom
B. It was the pedestrian what
C. It was the pedestrian who
D. It was the pedestrian when
4. ___________ the boy scored the goal.
A. It was for his team whom
B. It was for his team what
C. It was for his team that
D. It was for his team which
5. ___________ my wife to me on my last birthday party
A. It was this T - shirt that
B. It was this T -shirt which
C. It was this T - shirt who
D. It was this T - shirt whom
6. _________ the woman gave him.
A. It was the English book which
B. It was the English book what
C. It was the English book that
D. It was the English who
ĐÁP ÁN
1. A 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. A 6. C

EXERCISE 3 Điền who, that, whom vào chỗ trống thích hợp
1. It is Hanna _____ plays the violin very well.
2. It is John _____ Candy falls in love with.
3. It was in that city _____ Martin was born.
4. It was the daughter _____ her mother gave the whole confidential document.
ĐÁP ÁN:
1. that/who
2. that/whom
3. that
4. that/whom
EXERCISE 4 Complete each gap with one of the words in the box. Where necessary (but only
where necessary) add that.
person day way place thing reason
1.The ____________ you really need to speak to is Mike, the guy standing by the fire.
2.One ____________ I've asked you here today is to talk about last week's sales.
3.The ____________ really got my goal was that he never even apologized.
 4.The main ____________ I want to talk to you is to discuss your future.
5.The ____________ it works is that you press this button here and hey presto!
6.The ____________ we got married was the happiest day of my life.
7.One ____________ I'll never forget is Ba Na Hills.
8.The ____________ you need to remember is that he's only a child.
9.The ____________ impressed me the most was Mary; she really knew her stuff.
10.One ____________ to get it through the door is to put it on its end.

ĐÁP ÁN
1.The _____person that_______ you really need to speak to is Mike, the guy standing by the fire.
2.One _____reason_______ I've asked you here today is to talk about last week's sales.
3.The _____thing that_______ really got my goal was that he never even apologized.
4.The main _____reason_______ I want to talk to you is to discuss your future.
5.The _____way_______ it works is that you press this button here and hey presto!
6.The ______day______ we got married was the happiest day of my life.
7.One _____place_______ I'll never forget is Ba Na Hills.
8.The _____thing_______ you need to remember is that he's only a child.
9.The _____person that_______ impressed me the most was Mary; she really knew her stuff.
10.One _____way_______ to get it through the door is to put it on its end.

EXERCISE 5 Put the following words in the correct order. Begin with the underlined word.

1.friends/old/ my /all /was/ missed/ I /What

____________________________________________________________________________
2. somewhere/own/ my/ of/ home/ a/ is/ want/ I/ All
____________________________________________________________________________
3. complaining/constant/ her/ is/ angry/ me/makes/ What
____________________________________________________________________________
4. passport/my /lost/ I/ that/ was/ happened /What
____________________________________________________________________________
5. price/the/ was/ most/ me/ surprised /that/ thing/ The
____________________________________________________________________________
6. clear/not/ is/ emigrated/ they/ why/ reason/ The
____________________________________________________________________________
7. apologise/ to /had /I /was/ happened/ that/ All
____________________________________________________________________________
8. idea/the/ had /first/ who/ dad/ my/ was/ It
____________________________________________________________________________
9. relax/can/ I /that/ weekends/ the/ at/ only/ is/ It
____________________________________________________________________________
10. us/stopped/ who/ officer/ customs /a /was/ It
____________________________________________________________________________
11. It/ he/ his/ that/ changed/ father's/ a/ after/ was/ death / lot./ himself
________________________________________
12. going/ to/ am/ I/ the / Tokyo/ that/ in / It / is/ holiday./ spend
________________________________________
13. USA/ 2008/ got/ It / the / married./ in/ settled/ down/ he/ was/ that/ in/ and
________________________________________
14. that/ It / mom/ was/ their/ gave / on/ wedding / anniversary / dad/ diamond/ ring./ my/ my/ a/
________________________________________
15. some/ It / in / boyfriend/ me/ took / beautiful/ photos/ my/ was / who/ for/ Japan.
________________________________________

ĐÁP ÁN
1.What I missed was all my old friends.
2.All I want is a home of my own somewhere.
3.What makes me angry is her constant complaining.
4.What happened was that I lost my passport.
5.The thing that surprised me most was the price.
6.The reason why they emigrated is not clear.
7.All that happened was I had to apologise.
8.It was my dad who first had the idea.
9.It is only at the weekends that I can relax.
10.It was a customs officer who stopped us.
11. It was after his father’s death that he changed himself a lot.
12. It is in Tokyo that I am going to spend the holiday.
13. It was in 2008 that he settled down in the USA and got married.
14. It was on their wedding anniversary that my dad have my mom a diamond ring.
15. It was my boyfriend who took some beautiful photos for me in Japan.

EXERCISE 6 Rewrite these sentences with the same meaning and using the cleft sentences with
underlined word(s):
1.We met in Rome.
It
2.I didn’t invite them.
It
3.I began to suspect something at that moment.
It
4. Money is the thing people care about nowadays.
It
5.His attitude towards other people really annoys me.
It
6.I didn’t decide to take a short cut across country!
It
7.The demonstrators didn’t start the trouble.
It
8.I didn’t suggest having a barbecue!
It
9.The computer gives me a headache.
It
10. My uncle Tom came on Thursday.
It
11.Columbus sailed to America in 1492.
It
12. I am eating chocolate cake.
It
13. You have to think about your profit.
What
14. You must know the needs of your customers.
What
15. You have to pay attention to the details.
What
16. The Olympic games first took place in Greece.
It
17. Rachel’s stereo kept me awake all night long.
What
It
18. Vicky is looking for a job in television.
What
19. They booked a holiday together.
What
ĐÁP ÁN
1.We met in Rome.
It was in Rome that we met.
2. I didn’t invite them.
It wasn’t I/ me who / that invited them.
3. I began to suspect something at that moment.
It was at that moment that I began to suspect something.
4. Money is the thing people care about nowadays.
It is money the thing that people care about nowadays.
5. His attitude towards other people really annoys me.
It is his attitude towards othe people that really annoys me.
6. I didn’t decide to take a short cut across country!
It wasn’t me who / that decided to take a short cut across country.
7. The demonstrators didn’t start the trouble.
It wasn’t the demonstrators who / that started the trouble.
8. I didn’t suggest having a barbecue!
It wasn’t me that / who suggested having a barbecue.
9. The computer gives me a headache.
It is the computer that gives me a headache.
10. My uncle Tom came on Thursday.
It was on Thursday that my uncle came.
11. Columbus sailed to America in 1492.
It was in 1492 that Columbus sailed to America.
12. I am eating chocolate cake.
It is chocolate cake that I am eating.
13. You have to think about your profit.
What you hace to think about is your profit.
14. You must know the needs of your customers.
What you must know is the needs of your customers.
15. You have to pay attention to the details.
What you have to pay attention to is the details.
16. The Olympic games first took place in Greece.
It was in Greece that the Olympic Games first took place.
17. Rachel’s stereo kept me awake all night long.
What kept me awake was Rachel’s stereo.
It was Rachel’s stereo that kept me awake.
18. Vicky is looking for a job in television.
What Vicky is looking for is a job in television.
19. They booked a holiday together.
What they did was (to) book a holiday together.
EXERCISE 7 Rewrite the following sentences, using the cleft sentences “It is/ was … that” to
emphasize the underlined words or phrases
1. Many teenagers spend a lot of time thinking and talking about being in a relationship.
_______________________________________
2. Welsh boys gave hand - carved wooden spoons to girl as a symbol of their love
_______________________________________
3. Dating is left for the college years in Japan
_______________________________________
4. Once married, the South Korean man expect his wife to be a more traditional woman.
_______________________________________
5. A South Korean boy often holds his girlfriend’s handbag during a date.
_______________________________________
6. The drought made many people suffer in this area.
_______________________________________
7. We climbed to the top of the volcano during our excursion.
_______________________________________
8. Renewable energy will provide a better environment for all of us.
_______________________________________
9. The environmentalist at the conference explained how renewable energy resources will change the
environment.
_______________________________________
10. The firefighter saved many lives from the fire yesterday.
_______________________________________
ĐÁP ÁN
1. It is many teenagers that spend a lot of time thinking and talking about being a relationship
2. It was hand - carved spoons that Welsh boys gave to girls as a symbol of their love
3. It is for the college years that dating is left in Japan
4. Once married, it is a more traditional woman that the South Korean man expect his wife to be.
5. It is his girlfriend’s handbag that a South Korean boy often holds during a date.
6. It was the drought that made people suffer in this area.
7. The top of the volcano was (the place) where we climbed during our excursion.
8. It’s renewable energy that will provide a better environment for all of us.
9. It was the environmentalist at the conference who explained how renewable energy resources will
change the environment.
10. What the firefighter did was (to) save many lives from the fire yesterday.

EXERCISE 8 Use a cleft sentence to rewrite the following statements. The emphasis is put on the
word in bold.
1. The person who told me about the hotel was Keith.
_____________________________________________
2. Only when the plane landed I felt a great sense of relief.
_____________________________________________
3. I left because I felt ill.
_____________________________________________
4. Sarah saw a plane not a UFO.
_____________________________________________
5. I had to borrow my father’s car to go to the job interview.
_____________________________________________
6. The reason why I’ve come is to discusss my future with you.
_____________________________________________
ĐÁP ÁN
1. It was Kieth the person who told me about the hotel.
2. It was only when the plane landed that I felt a great sense of relief.
3. It was because I felt ill that I left.
4. It was a plane that Sarah saw, not an UFO.
5. It was my father’s car that I had to borrow to go to the job interview.
6. It is to discuss my future with the reason that I’ve come.
EXERCISE 9 Rewrite these following sentences

⇒ What______________________________________________(to be unhappy with)

1. I was most unhappy with the service.

⇒ It’s ______________________________________________(the noise)

2. I can’t stand the noise.

⇒ It ______________________________________________(David)
3. David didn’t pay for the wedding ring, Anna did.

⇒ It______________________________________________(Anna)

⇒ What______________________________________________(to annoy)
4. He’s always late. It really annoys me.

⇒ Was______________________________________________(you)
5. Did you choose the furniture?

6. Jenny was most glad with the service of this restaurant.

What ______________________________________________(to be glad with)
7. Hanna can’t stand the loud music.
It’s ______________________________________________ (the loud music)
8. Martin didn’t pay for the meal, Jenny did.
It ______________________________________________ (Martin)
9. Sara’s always late for work. It really annoys her boss.
What ______________________________________________(to annoy)
ĐÁP ÁN
1. What I was most unhappy with was the service.
2. It’s the noise that I can’t stand.
3. It was David who didn’t pay for the wedding ring.
It was Sara who did pay for te wedding ring.
4. What really annoys me is that he’salways late.
5. Was it you who chose the furniture.
6. What Jenny was most glad with was the service of this restaurant.
7. It’s the loud music that Hanna can’t stand.
8. It was Martin who didn’t pay for the meal.
9. What really annoys Sara’s boss is that she’s always late for work.
EXERCISE 10 Finish the following sentences, using the cleft sentences
1.Nick was late because he overslept, wasn’t he?
No, it ______________________________________________________ that he was late.
2.How on earth did Nick let the boss know he’d be late?
Well, what _______________________________________________ call her from his
mobile phone.
3.Wasn’t Nick late on Wednesday?
No, _________________________________________________ that he was late.
4. Nick’s boss had to start the meeting without him, didn’t she?
No, what she ______________________________________ the afternoon.
5. Didn’t Nick get stuck in a traffic jam in the town centre?
No, not in the town centre; it _____________________________________ got stuck.
6. I heard the boss was a little annoyed with Nick for being late.
No, she wasn’t “a little annoyed”. What ____________________________________!
ĐÁP ÁN
1.Nick was late because he overslept, wasn’t he?
No, it WAS BECAUSE OF THE TRAFFIC JAM that he was late.
2.How on earth did Nick let the boss know he’d be late?
Well, what HE DID WAS (TO) call her from his mobile phone.
3.Wasn’t Nick late on Wednesday?
No, IT WAS ON MONDAY that he was late.
4. Nick’s boss had to start the meeting without him, didn’t she?
No, what she DID WAS (TO) RESCHEDULE THE MEETING FOR the afternoon.
5. Didn’t Nick get stuck in a traffic jam in the town centre?
No, not in the town centre; it WAS ON THE RING ROAD THAT NICK got stuck.
6. I heard the boss was a little annoyed with Nick for being late.
No, she wasn’t “a little annoyed”. What SHE WAS WAS FURIOUS!
EXERCISE 11 For each of the sentences below, write a new sentence as similar as possible in
meaning to the original sentence, using the words given in bold.
1.We just need 5 minutes to fix it. ALL
_________________________________________________________________________
2.I’m not questioning his dedication. ISN’T
_________________________________________________________________________
3.These men a re totally ruthless. WHAT
_________________________________________________________________________
4.We inherited everything except the house. ONLY THING
_________________________________________________________________________
5.You know the sales assistant told me exactly the same thing. THAT’S
_________________________________________________________________________
6. We’re taking the au-pair with us. DOING
_________________________________________________________________________
ĐÁP ÁN
1.We just need 5 minutes to fix it. ALL
ALL WE NEED IS 5 MINUTES (TO FIX IT)
2.I’m not questioning his dedication. ISN’T
IT ISN’T HIS DEDICATION THAT I’M QUESTIONING.
3.These men a re totally ruthless. WHAT
WHAT THESE MEN ARE IS TOTALLY RUTHLESS.
4.We inherited everything except the house. ONLY THING
THE ONLY THING WE DIDN’T INHERIT WAS THE HOUSE.
5.You know the sales assistant told me exactly the same thing. THAT’S
THAT’S EXACTLY WHAT THE SALES ASSISTANT TOLD ME.
6. We’re taking the au-pair with us. DOING
WHAT WE ARE DOING IS TAKING THE AU-PAIR WITH US.

PHẦN II READING COMPREHENSION

EXERCISE 1 Read the text carefully and then fill in the gaps with the words from the box.

from reflect centre independence

north associated power completed
ĐÁP ÁN
The Imperial Citadel of Thăng Long (Hoàng thành Thăng Long ) is a complex of historic buildings
associated with the history of Vietnam located in the centre of Hanoi, Vietnam. Its construction began
in 1010 and was completed in early 1011 under the reign of Emperor Lý Thái Tổ of the Lý dynasty.,
marking the independence of the Dai Viet. It was built on the remains of a Chinese fortress dating from
the 7th century, on drained land reclaimed from the Red River Delta in Hanoi. It was the centre of
regional political power for almost thirteen centuries without interruption. The Imperial Citadel
buildings and the remains in the 18 Hoang Dieu Archaeological Site reflect a unique SouthEast Asian
culture, specific to the lower Red River Valley, at the crossroads between influences coming from
China in the north and the ancient Kingdom of Champa in the south.
(Adapted from en.wikipedia.org by Diên Khánh)

EXERCISE 2 Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.
UNESCO World Heritage Site in Hue
The Complex of Hue Monuments is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is located in the city of Hue
in central Vietnam. Hue was founded as the Viet Nam capital city by Gia Long, the first king of the
Nguyen Dynasty in 1802. It held this position for thirteen Nguyen kings until 1945.
The massive complex features hundreds of monuments and ruins, such as the Forbidden Purple City,
once the residence of the royal family and badly damaged during the Vietnam War, the Imperial City,
royal tombs, the flag tower, pagodas, temples, a library and museum.
Hue, located on the banks of the Huong River, (also known as the Perfume River) is about a hundred
kilometres north of Da Nang. Among the most impressive monuments in this former grand imperial
capital are the Ngo Mon Gate of the Imperial City which once was exclusively used by the royal family
and their servants and soldiers, the tomb of Emperor Minh Mang as well as the tomb of Emperor Tu
Duc. In fact, many of the monuments surrounding the royal buildings were constructed in the early
19th century and were modeled after Beijing's Forbidden City. The wall that surrounds the citadel is
six metres high and two and a half kilometres long.
The historical complex is known not only for its rich architecture but also for its beautiful landscape
setting. Overall, the site is quite spectacular. Avoid Hue between October and December as it gets most
of its rain from the northeast monsoon during that period. This small city is also famous for its
Imperial-style cuisine.
Question 1: The Complex of Hue Monuments ………….
A. has its buildings built during the reign of King Gia Long
B. is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site
C. was built by thirteen Nguyen kings from 1802 to 1945
D. is located on the left hank of the Perfume River
Đáp án: B
Thông tin: The Complex of Hue Monuments is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and is located in the
city of Hue in central Vietnam.
Dịch: Khu phức hợp di tích Huế là một di sản thế giới của UNESCO và nằm ở thành phố Huế ở miền
trung Việt Nam.
Question 2: The Hue Citadel needs the work of restoration because of ………
A. the northeast monsoon B. its rich architecture
C. the period from 1802 to 1945 D. the damage during the war
Đáp án: D
Thông tin: The massive complex features hundreds of monuments and ruins, such as the Forbidden
Purple City, once the residence of the royal family and badly damaged during the Vietnam War, the
Imperial City, royal tombs, the flag tower, pagodas, temples, a library and museum.
Dịch: Khu phức hợp đồ sộ có hàng trăm di tích và di tích, như Tử Cấm Thành, từng là nơi ở của hoàng
gia và bị tàn phá nặng nề trong Chiến tranh Việt Nam, Hoàng thành, lăng mộ hoàng gia, tháp cờ, chùa,
đền thờ, thư viện và viện bảo tàng.
Question 3: All of the following are mentioned as features of the Hue Citadel EXCEPT …..
A. the Temple of Literature B. the royal tombs
C. the period from 1802 to 1945 D. the damage during the war
Đáp án: A
Thông tin: The massive complex features hundreds of monuments and ruins, such as the Forbidden
Purple City, once the residence of the royal family and badly damaged during the Vietnam War, the
Imperial City, royal tombs, the flag tower, pagodas, temples, a library and museum.
Dịch: Khu phức hợp đồ sộ có hàng trăm di tích và di tích, như Tử Cấm Thành, từng là nơi ở của hoàng
gia và bị tàn phá nặng nề trong Chiến tranh Việt Nam, Hoàng thành, lăng mộ hoàng gia, tháp cờ, chùa,
đền thờ, thư viện và viện bảo tàng.
Question 4: We can infer from the passage that …………..
A. the royal tombs were built for each emperor in the Imperial City
B. the Forbidden Purple City might be considered a smaller model of Beijing’s Forbidden City
C. the Imperial City is located in the Forbidden Purple City
D. the wall that surrounds the citadel is as big as the Great Wall in China
Đáp án: B
Question 5: All of the following are advantages of Hue EXCFPT …………..
A.the waterway of the Perfume River B. the art of cooking
C. the last three months of the year D. its beauty of natural setting
Đáp án: C
Thông tin: Avoid Hue between October and December as it gets most of its rain from the northeast
monsoon during that period.
Dịch: Tránh Huế giữa tháng 10 và tháng 12 vì trời mưa nhiều nhất từ gió mùa đông bắc trong thời gian
đó.
EXERCISE 3 Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.
SON DOONG CAVE
Located in the limestone mountains of Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park, Son Doong Caves was
first found in 1991 by Ho Khanh, a local man. In 2009, the cave was explored and published by a
group of scientists from British Cave Research Association. Son Doong Cave was formed from 2 to 5
million years ago, when the river flowed through the limestone mountain area and was buried. The
water eroded limestone and created an underground tunnel. In soft limestone areas, the collapse of
tunnel ceiling formed large holes which became giant domes afterward. The cave is about 200m high,
200m wide and at least 8.5 km long. Especially, Son Doong consists of two entrances, which is unique
among explored caves in Phong Nha ~ Ke Bang National Park. Exploring the cave, visitors were
surprised with spectacular scenery of numerous stalactites of which some giant stalagmites are more
than 70 metres high. Deep inside the cave exists a grandiose tropical jungle called “Garden of Eden”
by the explorers. The jungle is home to diversified system of fauna and flora. Besides, the cave
possesses a 2.5-kilometre underground river. Not far from the “Garden of Eden” lies an enormous
“pearl collection” consisting of tens of thousands of small stone pieces in dry ponds, contributing to
magnificent beauty of the cave.
Hang Sơn Đoòng
Nằm trong dãy núi đá vôi của Vườn quốc gia Phong Nha - Kẻ Bàng, hang Sơn Đoòng lần đầu tiên
được tìm thấy vào năm 1991 bởi Hồ Khánh, một người đàn ông địa phương. Năm 2009, hang động
được khám phá và công bố bởi một nhóm các nhà khoa học thuộc Hiệp hội nghiên cứu hang động Anh.
Hang Sơn Đoòng được hình thành từ 2 đến 5 triệu năm trước, khi dòng sông chảy qua khu vực núi đá
vôi và bị chôn vùi. Nước làm xói mòn đá vôi và tạo ra một đường hầm dưới lòng đất. Ở những vùng đá
vôi mềm, sự sụp đổ của trần hầm tạo thành những lỗ lớn trở thành những mái vòm khổng lồ sau đó.
Hang động cao khoảng 200m, rộng 200m và dài ít nhất 8,5 km. Đặc biệt, Sơn Đoòng bao gồm hai lối
vào, là điểm độc đáo trong số các hang động được khám phá trong Vườn quốc gia Phong Nha ~ Kẻ
Bàng. Khám phá hang động, du khách đã rất ngạc nhiên với khung cảnh ngoạn mục của vô số nhũ đá
trong đó có một số măng đá khổng lồ cao hơn 70 mét. Sâu bên trong hang tồn tại một khu rừng nhiệt
đới hùng vĩ có tên là “Vườn Eden” được đặt tên bởi những nhà thám hiểm. Khu rừng là nơi có hệ
thống động vật và thực vật đa dạng. Bên cạnh đó, hang động sở hữu một dòng sông ngầm dài 2,5 km.
Cách vườn Eden không xa là một bộ sưu tập ngọc trai khổng lồ, bao gồm hàng chục ngàn mảnh đá nhỏ
trong ao khô, góp phần tạo nên vẻ đẹp tráng lệ của hang động.
Một số từ vựng:
- explore (v): khám phá
- flow (v): chảy
 - erode (v): làm xói mòn
- collapse (n): sự sụp đổ
- entrance (n): lối vào
- diversified system of fauna and flora: hệ thống động thực vật đa dạng và phong phú

Question 1. The reason why Son Doong Cave was formed is that ____.
A. it only happened from 2 to 5 million years ago
B. the river was buried in the limestone mountains
C. the limestone areas were soft
D. an underground tunnel was buried in the area the river was buried in
Đáp án đúng: B
Lý do vì sao hang Sơn Đoòng được hình thành là ____.
A. nó chỉ xảy ra từ 2 đến 5 triệu năm trước
B. dòng sông bị chôn vùi trong những dãy núi đá vôi
C. các khu vực đá vôi mềm
D. một đường hầm ngầm được chôn trong khu vực dòng sông bị chôn vùi
Thông tin: Son Doong Cave was formed from 2 to 5 million years ago, when the river flowed through
the limestone mountain area and was buried.
Tạm dịch: Hang Sơn Đoòng được hình thành từ 2 đến 5 triệu năm trước, khi dòng sông chảy qua khu
vực núi đá vôi và bị chôn vùi.
Question 2.The most important feature of “Garden of Eden” is _______

A. giant stalagmites
B. the biodiversity
C. the biggest length
D. the river below
Đáp án đúng: B

Đặc điểm quan trọng nhất của Vườn Eden là_____

A. những măng đá khổng lồ
B. đa dạng sinh học
C. chiều dài lớn nhất
D. dòng sông ở dưới
Thông tin: Deep inside the cave exists a grandiose tropical jungle called “Garden of Eden” by the
explorers. The jungle is home to diversified system of fauna and flora.
Tạm dịch: Sâu bên trong hang tồn tại một khu rừng nhiệt đới hùng vĩ có tên là Vườn Eden được đặt tên
bởi những nhà thám hiểm. Khu rừng là nơi có hệ thống động vật và thực vật đa dạng.
Question 3. We can infer from the passage that ________.
A. tunnels and giant domes were formed at the same time
B. “pearl collection” contains a lot of precious stones
C. “Garden of Eden” is in the underground river
D. we can live in the cave with the air and water
Đáp án đúng: D

Chúng ta có thể suy ra từ đoạn văn rằng_______

A. đường hầm và mái vòm khổng lồ được hình thành cùng một lúc
B. bộ sưu tập ngọc trai chứa rất nhiều đá quý
C. Vườn Eden nằm trong dòng sông ngầm
D. chúng ta có thể sống trong hang với không khí và nước
 - Phương án A: “In soft limestone areas, the collapse of tunnel ceiling formed large holes which became
giant domes afterward.” => tunnel hình thành trước rồi mới tạo ra được những hố lớn từ đó hình thành
giant domes => A sai
- Phương án B: “Not far from the “Garden of Eden” lies an enormous “pearl collection” consisting of
tens of thousands of small stone pieces in dry ponds, contributing to magnificent beauty of the cave.”
=> “Bộ sưu tập ngọc trai” này chỉ là chứa những viên đá nhỏ tạo nên vẻ đẹp cho hang động chứ không
phải là đá quý => sai
- Phương án C: “Besides, the cave possesses a 2.5-kilometre underground river.” => Tác giả chỉ đề cập
có 1 dòng sông ngầm trong hang động thôi chứ không đề cập đến nó có vị trí thế nào với vườn Eden =>
sai
- Phương án D: “The jungle is home to diversified system of fauna and flora.” => Khu rừng trong hang
có hệ thực vật và động vật đa dạng => nên từ đó suy ra con người có thể sống trong đó vì có không khí
và nước.
Question 4 All of the following are the wonderful features of Son Doong Cave EXCEPT ________

A. a river flowing over 2.5 kilometres along the cave

B. spectacular scenery of numerous stalactites and stalagmites
C. a tropical jungle inside with the biodiversity
D.the big sizes of the cave and the giant domes
Đáp án đúng: A

Tất cả những điều sau đây là những đặc điểm tuyệt vời của hang Son Doong NGOẠI TRỪ ________
A. một dòng sông chảy dài hơn 2,5 km dọc theo hang động
B. phong cảnh ngoạn mục của nhiều nhũ đá và măng đá
C. một khu rừng nhiệt đới bên trong với sự đa dạng sinh học
D. kích thước lớn của hang động và mái vòm khổng lồ
Thông tin: Besides, the cave possesses a 2.5-kilometre underground river.
Tạm dịch: Bên cạnh đó, hang động có một dòng sông ngầm dài 2,5 km.
=> Câu A sai

Question 5.The feature that makes it different from other caves in Phong Nha - Ke Bang National Park
is _______.

A. stalactites and stalagmites

B. its discovery by a local man
C. the two entrances into the cave
D.large holes in the ceiling
Đáp án đúng: C

Đặc điểm làm cho nó khác biệt với các hang động khác trong Vườn quốc gia Phong Nha - Kẻ Bàng là
___
A. nhũ đá và măng đá
B. sự phát hiện bởi một người đàn ông địa phương
C. hai lối vào hang
D. những lỗ lớn trên trần nhà
Thông tin: Especially, Son Doong consists of two entrances, which is unique among explored caves in
Phong Nha ~ Ke Bang National Park.
Tạm dịch: Đặc biệt, Sơn Đoòng bao gồm hai lối vào, là điểm độc đáo trong số các hang động được
khám phá trong Vườn quốc gia Phong Nha ~ Kẻ Bàng.
EXERCISE 4 Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.
 A rather surprising geographical feature of America is that a huge freshwater lake, one of the
world's largest and deepest, lies hidden there under four kilometers of rice. Now known as Lake
Vostok, this huge body of water is located under the ice block that comprises Antarctica. The lake is
able to exist in its unfrozen state beneath this block of ice because its waters are warmed by geothermal
heat from the earth's core. The thick glacier above Lake Vostok actually insulates it from the frigid
temperatures(the lowest ever recorded on Earth)on the surface.
The lake was first discovered in the 1970s while a research team was conducting an aerial
survey of the area. Radio waves from the survey equipment penetrated the ice and revealed a body of
indeterminate size. It was not until much more recently that data collected by satellite made scientists
aware of the tremendous size of the lake; the satellite-borne radar detected an extremely flat region
where the ice remains level because it is floating on the water of the lake.
The discovery of such a huge freshwater lake trapped under Antarctica is of interest to the
scientific community because of the potential that the lake contains ancient microbes that have
survived for thousands upon thousands of years, unaffected by factors such as nuclear fallout and
elevated ultraviolet light that have affected organisms in more exposed areas. The downside of the
discovery, however, lies in the difficulty of conducting research on the lake in such a harsh climate and
in the problems associatited with obtaining uncontaminated samples from the lake without actually
exposing the lake to contamination. Scientists are looking for possible ways to accomplish this.
1. The purpose of the passage is to_______
a.explain how Lake Vostok was discovered
b.provide satellite data concerning Antarctica
c.discuss future plans for Lake Vostok
d.present an unexpected aspect of Antarctica's geography
2. The word"Lies"in line 2 could best be replaced by______
a.sleeps
b.sits
c.tells falsehood
d.inclines
3. What is true of Like Vostok?
a.It is completely frozen.
b.It is not a saltwater lake.
c.It is beneath a thick slab of ice.
d.It is heated by the sun.
4. Which of the following is closest in meaning to"frigid"in line 6?
a.Extremely cold
b.Never changing
c.Quite harsh
d.Rarely recorded
5. All of the following are true about the 1970 survey of America EXCEPT that it
a.was conducted by air
b.made use of radio waves
c.did not measure the exact size of the lake
d.was controlled by a satellite
6. It can be inferred from the passage that the ice would not be flat if
a.there were no lake
b.the lake were not so cold
c.Antarctica were not so cold
d.radio waves were not used
7. The word"microbes"in line 13 could best be replaced by which of the following?
a.Pieces of dust
b.Trapped bubbles
c.Tiny organisms
d.Rays of light
8. The passage mentions which of the following as a reason for the importance of Lake Vostok to
scientists?
a.It can be studied using radio waves.
b.It may contain uncontaminated microbes.
c.It may have elevated levels of ultraviolet light.
d.It has already been contaminated.
9. The word"downside"in line 15 is closest in meaning to
a.bottom level
b.negative aspect
c.underside
d.burid section
10. The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses
a.further discoveries on the surface of Antarctica
b.problems with satelite-borne radar equipment
c.ways to study Lake ostok without contaminating it
d.the harsh climate of Antarctica
EXERCISE 5 Identify whether the statements are true (T), or false (F).
Ha Long Bay: one of the greatest natural wonders of the world
There is a saying that if you have not visited Ha Long Bay, you have not yet been to Viet Nam. On the
other hand, we can say that if you have not visited Ha Long Bay, you have not yet seen the most
beautiful place in the world. It takes us around 4 hours by bus to travel 180 km from Ha Not towards
the northeast to Ha Long Bay.
Ha Long Bay has been twice recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 1994 and in 2000,
and also that Ha Long Bay is in the second place in the worldwide competition of the World's Seven
Natural Wonders. 1,969 limestone islands of various shapes, sizes, and in different green and amazing
colours rise above the sea level in an area of more than 1,500 square kilometers that creates this world
heritage site Ha Long Bay still keeps its historical and cultural values.
Ha Long Bay is as attractive and beautiful throughout the four seasons: spring, summer, autumn, and
winter. Traveling on small sailboats among hundreds of limestone islands, one may visit the amazing
Surprise Cave, the floating fishing village, and see how the locals live, which are top of the list of
things to do here. On Titov Island, one may swim and relax on the beach or enjoy a kayaking
programme to the nearby Luon Cave and much more.
The experience of visiting Ha Long Bay is unforgettable, where you will see something that will stay
in your mind and eyes for years. You will enjoy meeting Vietnamese people and tasting their delicious
food. You will have fresh air all day and night, especially if you wake up early in the morning and
watch the sun rise on the deck coming slowly through the islands. Be sure not to miss visiting I la Long
Bay in your lifetime.
Question 1: Ha Long Bay is one of the most interesting tourist attractions in Viet Nam.
A. True B. False
Đáp án: A
Thông tin: There is a saying that if you have not visited Ha Long Bay, you have not yet been to Viet
Nam. On the other hand, we can say that if you have not visited Ha Long Bay, you have not yet seen
the most beautiful place in the world.
Dịch: Có một câu nói rằng nếu bạn chưa đến thăm Vịnh Hạ Long, bạn chưa đến Việt Nam. Mặt khác,
chúng tôi có thể nói rằng nếu bạn chưa đến thăm Vịnh Hạ Long, bạn chưa thấy nơi nào đẹp nhất trên
thế giới.
Question 2: It is in the second place of UNESCO's World Heritage Sites.
A. True B. False
Đáp án: B
Thông tin: Ha Long Bay has been twice recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site in 1994 and
in 2000, and also that Ha Long Bay is in the second place in the worldwide competition of the World's
Seven Natural Wonders.
Dịch: Vịnh Hạ Long đã hai lần được UNESCO công nhận là Di sản Thế giới vào năm 1994 và năm
2000, và Vịnh Hạ Long đang ở vị trí thứ hai trong cuộc thi toàn cầu của Bảy kỳ quan thiên nhiên thế
giới.
Question 3: The islands are on the setting of many colours.
A. True B. False
Đáp án: A
Thông tin: 1,969 limestone islands of various shapes, sizes, and in different green and amazing colours
rise above the sea level in an area of more than 1,500 square kilometers …
Dịch: 1.969 hòn đảo đá vôi với nhiều hình dạng, kích cỡ khác nhau, và có màu xanh lục và màu sắc
tuyệt vời khác nhau nổi lên trên mực nước biển trong một khu vực rộng hơn 1.500 km2 ……
Question 4: Tourists can enjoy fresh seafood that is raised in the bay.
A. True B. False
Đáp án: B
Question 5: You have to come back to the mainland to swim or relax on the beach, not in Ha Long
Bay.
A. True B. False
Đáp án: B
Thông tin: On Titov Island, one may swim and relax on the beach or enjoy a kayaking programme to
the nearby Luon Cave and much more.
Dịch: Trên đảo Titov, người ta có thể bơi và thư giãn trên bãi biển hoặc thưởng thức chương trình chèo
thuyền kayak đến hang Luon gần đó và nhiều hơn nữa.

EXERCISE 6 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct
word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
TOURISM
Tourism is a big business. Millions of people around Europe spend their winters planning their
destinations for the following summer, and their summers (1) ____ to foreign climes for two weeks in
the sun. They are the modern-day descendants of the aristocrats and the wealthy who would (2) ____
months to complete the “Grand Tour” of Europe. But unlike their forefathers, tourists these days get a
bad press. They're not (3) ____ in the local culture, we're (4) ____; they're just after the chance to
behave a bit more wildly than they do at home. What's more, they damage the local environment and
don't respect the locals and their (5) ____ of life.
But are tourists really to (6) ____? Or is it the (7) ____ of the tourist industry, which has (8) ____ to
provide reasonably-priced alternatives? And if the local resort only offers a succession of bars for the
tourists to visit, can we really (9) ____ them for not doing more cultural activities?
One holiday company, Far and Away, (10) ____ that tourists are crying out for more cultural holidays
and believes that it has (11) ____ to come up with a range of package holidays which are affordable,
culturally interesting, and environmentally friendly. Their brochure, which is to be (12) ____ later this
month, offers 200 holidays based on cultural themes, including history and architecture, learning the
language, meeting the locals.
1. A taking away B. moving away C. taking off D. jetting off
2. A. spend B. make C. take D. pass
3. A. devoted B. eager C. keen D. interested
4. A. told B. informed C. convinced D. said
5. A. way B. manner C. standard D. means
6. A. criticise B. fault C. blame D. accuse
7. A. criticism B. fault C. blame D. accusation
8. A. avoided B. lost C. missed D. failed
9. A. accuse B. charge C. criticise D. arrest
10. A. claims B. mentions C. informs D. persuades
11. A. succeeded B. managed C . achieved D. resulted
12. A. brought up B. brought out C. brought off D. brought around
EXERCISE 7
Task 1. Read a text about Ha Long Bay, a World Heritage Site in Vietnam, and choose the best
title.
Đọc văn bản về Vịnh Hạ Long, Di sản Thế giới tại Việt Nam, và chọn tiêu đề tốt nhất.
A. Why Ha Long Bay was recognized as a World Heritage Site
B. Attractions in Ha Long Bay
C. Threats to Ha Long Bay and possible solutions
Recognized as a World Heritage Site in Viet Nam, Ha Long Bay attracts thousands of visitors every
year, who come to enjoy its magnificent natural landscape. However, the bay is also facing a number of
threats that may lead to serious damage to the site.
Wildlife in Ha Long Bay is being destroyed by overfishing as this is the only job to support most of the
inhabitants here. As a result, rare sea creatures may become extinct soon.
Another problem is deforestation of mangrove forests. The mangroves, known as the plants native to Ha
Long Bay, provide protection during storms, preserve the shoreline, and act as a natural filter that keeps
the sea environment clean and healthy. Numerous wildlife species including plants and fish also depend
on the mangroves.
What is more, some markets in Ha Long Bay sell unusual relics and natural objects, such as coral
pieces, seashells, or unique stones, probably illegally removed from the protected areas. Many of these
items, converted into rings, key chains, and other souvenirs, are purchased by unsuspecting tourists.
Buying these items creates a black market leading to further destruction of Ha Long Bay.
As eco-tourists, we can help to protect Ha Long Bay for future generations in several ways. For
example, by sailing or fishing with the fishermen, we can share the benefits of tourism with the local
community. This will help them to increase their income and reduce excessive fishing. We can also help
local people to learn about the significance of the mangrove forests and help them to replant the
mangroves. We should also avoid purchasing unusual souvenirs. As responsible tourists, we can
discourage suspected traders or vendors by refusing to buy their illegal goods.
Tạm dịch:
Được công nhận là Di sản Thế giới tại Việt Nam, Vịnh Hạ Long thu hút hàng ngàn du khách mỗi năm,
những người đến để thưởng thức cảnh quan thiên nhiên tuyệt đẹp của nó. Tuy nhiên, vịnh cũng phải đối
mặt với một số mối đe dọa có thể dẫn đến thiệt hại nghiêm trọng cho điểm di sản này.
Cuộc sống hoang dã ở Vịnh Hạ Long đang bị phá hủy bởi tình trạng đánh bắt quá mức vì đây là công
việc duy nhất để hỗ trợ hầu hết cư dân ở đây. Kết quả là, các sinh vật biển quý hiếm có thể bị tuyệt
chủng sớm.
Một vấn đề khác là việc phá rừng tại các rừng ngập mặn. Rừng ngập mặn, được gọi là thực vật có nguồn
gốc tại Vịnh Hạ Long, đem lại sự bảo vệ trong suốt các cơn bão, bảo vệ bờ biển, và hoạt động như một
bộ lọc tự nhiên giúp giữ cho môi trường biển sạch sẽ và trong lành. Nhiều loài động vật hoang dã bao
gồm cả thực vật và cá cũng phụ thuộc vào rừng ngập mặn.
Hơn nữa, một số thị trường ở Vịnh Hạ Long bán các di tích và vật thể tự nhiên bất thường, chẳng hạn
như các mảnh san hô, vỏ sò biển, hoặc đá độc đáo, khả năng được lấy từ khu vực được bảo vệ một cách
bất hợp pháp. Nhiều loại trong số các mặt hàng này đã được chuyển đổi thành nhẫn, dây chuyền, và các
loại quà lưu niệm khác, được mua bởi những người khách du lịch không hề nghi ngờ. Việc mua những
mặt hàng này tạo ra một thị trường chợ đen dẫn đến việc phá hủy Vịnh Hạ Long trong tương lai.
Là những người khách du lịch sinh thái, chúng ta có thể giúp bảo vệ Vịnh Hạ Long cho các thế hệ tương
lai bằng nhiều cách. Ví dụ, bằng du thuyền hoặc câu cá với ngư dân, chúng ta có thể chia sẻ lợi ích của
du lịch với cộng đồng địa phương. Điều này sẽ giúp họ tăng thu nhập và giảm việc đánh bắt quá mức.
Chúng ta cũng có thể giúp người dân địa phương tìm hiểu về tầm quan trọng của rừng ngập mặn và giúp
họ trồng lại rừng ngập mặn. Chúng ta cũng nên tránh mua những loại quà lưu niệm bất thường. Là
khách du lịch có trách nhiệm, chúng tôi có thể ngăn cản các nhà giao dịch hoặc nhà cung cấp bị nghi
ngờ bằng cách từ chối mua hàng hóa bất hợp pháp của họ.
Lời giải chi tiết:
Đáp án:
Tiêu đề phù hợp nhất là C. Threats to Ha Long Bay and possible solutions
Các mối đe dọa đến Vịnh Hạ Long và giải pháp khả thi
Task 2. Read the text again and answer the following questions.
Đọc lại văn bản và trả lời các câu hỏi sau.
1. What is the environmental impact of overfishing?
2. How important are the mangroves?
3. What is the problem with buying unusual objects?
4. What are the benefits of sailing or fishing with the local fishermen?
Lời giải chi tiết:
Đáp án:
1. What is the environmental impact of overfishing?
Rare sea creatures may become extinct.
Tạm dịch:
Tác động lên môi trường của việc đánh bắt quá mức là gì?
Sinh vật biển quý hiếm có thể bị tuyệt chủng.
2. How important are the mangroves?
They provide protection during storms, preserve the shoreline, and act as a natural filter that keeps the
sea environment clean and healthy. Many wildlife species including plants and fish also depend on the
mangroves.
Tạm dịch:
Rừng ngập mặn quan trọng như thế nào?
Chúng bảo vệ trong bão, bảo vệ bờ biển, và hoạt động như một bộ lọc tự nhiên giữ môi trường biển sạch
sẽ và trong lành. Nhiều loài động vật hoang dã bao gồm cả thực vật và cá cũng phụ thuộc vào rừng ngập
mặn.
3. What is the problem with buying unusual objects?
The unusual relics are probably illegally removed from the protected areas.
Tạm dịch:
Có vấn đề gì với việc mua các vật thể bất thường?
Các di vật bất thường có thể bị lấy đi một cách bất hợp pháp khỏi các khu vực được bảo vệ.
4. What are the benefits of sailing or fishing with the local fishermen?
The local fishermen can share the benefits of tourism and this will help them to increase their income
and reduce excessive fishing.
Tạm dịch:
Những lợi ích của việc chèo thuyền hoặc câu cá với ngư dân địa phương là gì?
Ngư dân địa phương có thể chia sẻ lợi ích của du lịch và điều này sẽ giúp họ tăng thu nhập và giảm việc
đánh bắt quá mức.

Task 1. Read a text about Ha Long Bay, a World Heritage Site in Vietnam, and choose the best
title.
Đọc văn bản về Vịnh Hạ Long, Di sản Thế giới tại Việt Nam, và chọn tiêu đề tốt nhất.
A. Why Ha Long Bay was recognized as a World Heritage Site
B. Attractions in Ha Long Bay
C. Threats to Ha Long Bay and possible solutions
Recognized as a World Heritage Site in Viet Nam, Ha Long Bay attracts thousands of visitors every
year, who come to enjoy its magnificent natural landscape. However, the bay is also facing a number of
threats that may lead to serious damage to the site.
Wildlife in Ha Long Bay is being destroyed by overfishing as this is the only job to support most of the
inhabitants here. As a result, rare sea creatures may become extinct soon.
Another problem is deforestation of mangrove forests. The mangroves, known as the plants native to Ha
Long Bay, provide protection during storms, preserve the shoreline, and act as a natural filter that keeps
the sea environment clean and healthy. Numerous wildlife species including plants and fish also depend
on the mangroves.
What is more, some markets in Ha Long Bay sell unusual relics and natural objects, such as coral
pieces, seashells, or unique stones, probably illegally removed from the protected areas. Many of these
items, converted into rings, key chains, and other souvenirs, are purchased by unsuspecting tourists.
Buying these items creates a black market leading to further destruction of Ha Long Bay.
As eco-tourists, we can help to protect Ha Long Bay for future generations in several ways. For
example, by sailing or fishing with the fishermen, we can share the benefits of tourism with the local
community. This will help them to increase their income and reduce excessive fishing. We can also help
local people to learn about the significance of the mangrove forests and help them to replant the
mangroves. We should also avoid purchasing unusual souvenirs. As responsible tourists, we can
discourage suspected traders or vendors by refusing to buy their illegal goods.
Tạm dịch:
Được công nhận là Di sản Thế giới tại Việt Nam, Vịnh Hạ Long thu hút hàng ngàn du khách mỗi năm,
những người đến để thưởng thức cảnh quan thiên nhiên tuyệt đẹp của nó. Tuy nhiên, vịnh cũng phải đối
mặt với một số mối đe dọa có thể dẫn đến thiệt hại nghiêm trọng cho điểm di sản này.
Cuộc sống hoang dã ở Vịnh Hạ Long đang bị phá hủy bởi tình trạng đánh bắt quá mức vì đây là công
việc duy nhất để hỗ trợ hầu hết cư dân ở đây. Kết quả là, các sinh vật biển quý hiếm có thể bị tuyệt
chủng sớm.
Một vấn đề khác là việc phá rừng tại các rừng ngập mặn. Rừng ngập mặn, được gọi là thực vật có nguồn
gốc tại Vịnh Hạ Long, đem lại sự bảo vệ trong suốt các cơn bão, bảo vệ bờ biển, và hoạt động như một
bộ lọc tự nhiên giúp giữ cho môi trường biển sạch sẽ và trong lành. Nhiều loài động vật hoang dã bao
gồm cả thực vật và cá cũng phụ thuộc vào rừng ngập mặn.
Hơn nữa, một số thị trường ở Vịnh Hạ Long bán các di tích và vật thể tự nhiên bất thường, chẳng hạn
như các mảnh san hô, vỏ sò biển, hoặc đá độc đáo, khả năng được lấy từ khu vực được bảo vệ một cách
bất hợp pháp. Nhiều loại trong số các mặt hàng này đã được chuyển đổi thành nhẫn, dây chuyền, và các
loại quà lưu niệm khác, được mua bởi những người khách du lịch không hề nghi ngờ. Việc mua những
mặt hàng này tạo ra một thị trường chợ đen dẫn đến việc phá hủy Vịnh Hạ Long trong tương lai.
Là những người khách du lịch sinh thái, chúng ta có thể giúp bảo vệ Vịnh Hạ Long cho các thế hệ tương
lai bằng nhiều cách. Ví dụ, bằng du thuyền hoặc câu cá với ngư dân, chúng ta có thể chia sẻ lợi ích của
du lịch với cộng đồng địa phương. Điều này sẽ giúp họ tăng thu nhập và giảm việc đánh bắt quá mức.
Chúng ta cũng có thể giúp người dân địa phương tìm hiểu về tầm quan trọng của rừng ngập mặn và giúp
họ trồng lại rừng ngập mặn. Chúng ta cũng nên tránh mua những loại quà lưu niệm bất thường. Là
khách du lịch có trách nhiệm, chúng tôi có thể ngăn cản các nhà giao dịch hoặc nhà cung cấp bị nghi
ngờ bằng cách từ chối mua hàng hóa bất hợp pháp của họ.
Lời giải chi tiết:
Đáp án:
Tiêu đề phù hợp nhất là C. Threats to Ha Long Bay and possible solutions
Các mối đe dọa đến Vịnh Hạ Long và giải pháp khả thi
Task 2. Read the text again and answer the following questions.
Đọc lại văn bản và trả lời các câu hỏi sau.
1. What is the environmental impact of overfishing?
2. How important are the mangroves?
3. What is the problem with buying unusual objects?
4. What are the benefits of sailing or fishing with the local fishermen?
Lời giải chi tiết:
Đáp án:
1. What is the environmental impact of overfishing?
Rare sea creatures may become extinct.
Tạm dịch:
Tác động lên môi trường của việc đánh bắt quá mức là gì?
Sinh vật biển quý hiếm có thể bị tuyệt chủng.
2. How important are the mangroves?
They provide protection during storms, preserve the shoreline, and act as a natural filter that keeps the
sea environment clean and healthy. Many wildlife species including plants and fish also depend on the
mangroves.
Tạm dịch:
Rừng ngập mặn quan trọng như thế nào?
Chúng bảo vệ trong bão, bảo vệ bờ biển, và hoạt động như một bộ lọc tự nhiên giữ môi trường biển sạch
sẽ và trong lành. Nhiều loài động vật hoang dã bao gồm cả thực vật và cá cũng phụ thuộc vào rừng ngập
mặn.
3. What is the problem with buying unusual objects?
The unusual relics are probably illegally removed from the protected areas.
Tạm dịch:
Có vấn đề gì với việc mua các vật thể bất thường?
Các di vật bất thường có thể bị lấy đi một cách bất hợp pháp khỏi các khu vực được bảo vệ.
4. What are the benefits of sailing or fishing with the local fishermen?
The local fishermen can share the benefits of tourism and this will help them to increase their income
and reduce excessive fishing.
Tạm dịch:
Những lợi ích của việc chèo thuyền hoặc câu cá với ngư dân địa phương là gì?
Ngư dân địa phương có thể chia sẻ lợi ích của du lịch và điều này sẽ giúp họ tăng thu nhập và giảm việc
đánh bắt quá mức.
EXERCISE 8. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions.
One of the seven wonders of the ancient world, the Great Pyramid of Giza was a monument of wisdom
and prophecy built as a tomb for Pharaoh Cheops in 2720 B.C. Despite its antiquity, certain aspects of
its construction make it one of the truly great wonders of the world. The thirteen-acre structure near the
Nile River is a solid mass of stone blocks covered with limestone. Inside are a number of hidden
passageways and the burial chamber for the Pharaoh. It is the largest single structure in the world. The
four sides of the pyramid are aligned almost exactly on true north, south, east, and west – an incredible
engineering feat. The ancient Egyptians were sun worshipers and great astronomers, so computations
for the Great Pyramid were based on astronomical observations.
Explorations and detailed examinations of the base of the structure reveal many intersecting lines.
Further scientific study indicates that these represent a type of timeline of events – past, present, and
future. Many of the events have been interpreted and found to coincide with known facts of the past.
Others are prophesied for future generations and are currently under investigation. Many believe that
pyramids have supernatural powers, and this one is no exception. Some researchers even associate it
with extraterrestrial beings of the ancient past. Was this superstructure made by ordinary beings, or one
built by a race far superior to any known today?
1. The word “intersecting” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. crossing B. aligning C. observing D. cutting
2. What do the intersecting lines in the base symbolise?
A. Architects' plans for the hidden passages.
B. Pathways of the great solar bodies.
C. Astrological computations.
D. Dates of important events taking place throughout time.
3. The word "prophesied” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ____.
 A. affiliated B. precipitated C. terminated D. foretold
4. Extraterrestrial beings are ____.
A. very strong workers B. astronomers in the ancient times
C. researchers in Egyptology D. living beings from other planets
5. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Symbolism of the Great Pyramid
B. Problems with the Construction of the Great Pyramid
C. Wonders of the Great Pyramid of Giza
D. Exploration of the Burial Chamber of Cheops
EXERCISE 9. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct
answer to each of the questions.
MY 25,000 WONDERS OF THE WORLD
The coaches at the Uluru Sunset Viewing Area were parked three deep. Guides were putting up tables
and setting out wines and snacks. Ten minutes to go. Are we ready? Five minutes, folks. Got your
cameras? OK, here it comes ...
Whether an American backpacker or a wealthy traveller, Danish, British, French, we all saw that sunset
over Uluru, or Ayer Rock, in what seems to be the prescribed tourist manner: mouth full of corn
chips, glass full of Château Somewhere, and a loved one posing in a photo's foreground, as the all-time
No 1 Australian icon behind us glowed briefly red.
Back on the coach, our guide declared our sunset to be 'pretty good', although not the best she'd
witnessed in her six years. Behind me, Adam, a student from Manchester, reinserted his iPod earphones:
'Well, that's enough of that rock.' Indeed. Shattered from getting up at five in order to see Uluru at dawn,
I felt empty and bored. What was the point? What made this rock the definitive sunset rock event? Why
had we come here? Well, I suppose my sons would remember it always. Except they'd missed the
magical moment while they checked out a rival tour group's snack table, which had better crisps.
So now I've visited four of the “25 Wonders of the World", as decreed by Rough Guides. And I think
this will be the last. While in my heart I can see myself wondering enchanted through China's Forbidden
City, in my head I know I would be standing grumpily at the back of a group listening to some Imperial
Palace Tour Guide. At the Grand Canyon I would be getting angr with tourists watching it through
cameras – eyes are not good enough, since they lack a recording facility.
As we become richer and consumer goods are more widely affordable, and satisfy us only briefly before
becoming obsolete, we turn to travel to provide us with 'experiences’. These will endure, set us apart
from stay-at-home people and maybe, fill our lives with happiness and meaning, Books with helpful
titles like 1,000 Places to See Before You Die are bestsellers. I'd bet many backpacks on the Machu
Picchu Inca Trail are filled with copies, with little tieks penciled in the margins after each must-see sight
has been visited. Travel is now the biggest industry on the planet, bigger than armaments or
pharmaceuticals. And yet viewing the main sight of any destination is rarely the highlight of a trip.
Mostly it sits there on your itinerary like a duty visit to a dull relative. The guilt of not visiting the
Sistine Chapel, because we preferred to stay in a bar drinking limoncello, almost spoilt a weekend in
Rome.
In Queensland, the Great Barrier Reef reproached us. How could we travel 15,000 miles without
seeing it? How would we explain back home that we were too lazy, and preferred to stay playing a ball
game in our hotel pool? In the end, we went to the reef and it was fine. But it won't rank highly in the
things I'll never forget about Australia. Like the fact that the banknotes are made of waterproof plastic:
how gloriously Australian is that? Even after a day's surfing, the $50 note you left in your surfing shorts
is still OK to buy you beer! And the news item that during a recent tsunami warning, the surfers at
Bondi Beach refused to leave the sea: what, and miss the ride of their lives? Or the stern warning at the
hand luggage X-ray machine at Alice Springs airport: "No jokes must be made whilst being processed
by this facility' - to forestall, no doubt, disrespectful Aussie comments: 'You won't find the bomb, mate.
It's in my suitcase.’
The more I travel, the clearer it seems that the truth of a place is in the tiny details of everyday life, not
in its most glorious statues or scenery. Put down your camera, throw away your list, the real wonders of
the world number indefinitely more than 25.
1. What does the author mean by ‘the prescribed tourist manner’ in paragraph 2?
A. They are all backpackers.
B. They are all wealthy travellers.
C. They are all interested in seeing the wonders of the world.
D. They all eat, drink and do the same things at the sites of the world wonders.
2. What did the author think or feel after seeing the sunset over Ayer Rock?
A. She thought it was pretty good.
B. She felt exhausted, empty, and bored.
C. She thought that was enough.
D. She thought this rock was the definitive sunset rock event.
3.. Why does she think that Uluru is probably the last 'wonder of the world' she will see?
A. She doesn't like wandering around the wonders.
B. She doesn't enjoy the Imperial Palace Tour Guide.
C. She doesn't like watching the wonder through a camera.
D. She doesn't want to explore the sites the way people around her do.
4. What kind of tourists is she criticising when she says 'eyes are not good enough' in paragraph 4?
A. those who stand grumpily at the back of the group
B. those who wander enchanted through the site
C. those who look at the wonders through their cameras
D. those who lack a recording facility
5. According to the author, what do a lot of backpackers carry with them nowadays?
A. books with helpful titles B. books that are bestsellers
C. copies of must-see sights D. little pencils
6. The author compares visiting the main tourist sights to ____.
A. armaments B. Pharmaceuticals
C. a trip highlight D. a duty visit to a dull relative
7. What does she mean by `the Great Barrier Reef reproached us' in paragraph 6?
A. The Great Barrier Reef is worth visiting if you are in Australia.
B. It is fine to visit the Great Barrier Reef when you are in Australia.
C. It seems wrong not to visit the Great Barrier Reef once you are in Australia.
D. The Great Barrier Reef is an unforgettable sight in Australia.
8. All of the following are mentioned in the article as memorable aspects of Australia EXCEPT ____.
A. banknotes made of waterproof plastic
B. the fine visit to the Great Barrier Reef
C. the surfers at Bondi Beach refusing to leave the sea despite tsunami warning
D. the stern warning at the hand luggage X-ray machine at Alice Springs airport.
EXERCISE 10. You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on the
Reading Passage below.
Pulling strings to build pyramids
No one knows exactly how the pyramids were built. Marcus Chown reckons the answer could be
'hanging in the air'.

The pyramids of Egypt were built more than three thousand years ago, and no one knows how. The
conventional picture is that tens of thousands of slaves dragged stones on sledges. But there is no
evidence to back this up. Now a Californian software consultant called Maureen Clemmons has
suggested that kites might have been involved. While perusing a book on the monuments of Egypt, she
noticed a hieroglyph that showed a row of men standing in odd postures. They were holding what
looked like ropes that led, via some kind of mechanical system, to a giant bird in the sky. She
wondered if perhaps the bird was actually a giant kite, and the men were using it to lift a heavy object.

Intrigued, Clemmons contacted Morteza Gharib, aeronautics professor at the California Institute of
Technology. He was fascinated by the idea. 'Coming from Iran, I have a keen interest in Middle
Eastern science', he says. He too was puzzled by the picture that had sparked Clemmons's interest. The
object in the sky apparently had wings far too short and wide for a bird. 'The possibility certainly
existed that it was a kite', he says. And since he needed a summer project for his student Emilio Graff,
investigating the possibility of using kites as heavy lifters seemed like a good idea.

Gharib and Graff set themselves the task of raising a 4.5-metre stone column from horizontal to
vertical, using no source of energy except the wind. Their initial calculations and scale-model wind-
tunnel experiments convinced them they wouldn't need a strong wind to lift the 33.5-tonne column.
Even a modest force, if sustained over a long time, would do. The key was to use a pulley system that
would magnify the applied force. So they rigged up a tent-shaped scaffold directly above the tip of the
horizontal column, with pulleys suspended from the scaffold directly above the tip of the horizontal
column, with pulleys suspended from the scaffold's apex. The idea was that as one end of the column
rose, the base would roll across the ground on a trolley.
Earlier this year, the team put Clemmons's unlikely theory to the test, using a 40-square-meter
rectangular nylon sail. The kite lifted the column clean off the ground. 'We were absolutely stunned'
Gharib says. The instant the sail opened into the wind, a huge force was generated and the column was
raised to the vertical in a mere 40 seconds.'

The wind was blowing at a gentle 16 to 20 kilometers an hour, little more than half what they thought
would be needed. What they had failed to reckon with was what happened when the kite was opened.
There was a huge initial force - five times larger than the steady state force', Gharib says. This jerk
meant that kites could lift huge weights, Gharib realised. Even a 300-tonne column could have been
lifted to the vertical with 40 or so men and four or five sails. So Clemmons was right: the pyramid
builders could have used kites to lift massive stones into place. 'Whether they actually did is another
matter,' Gharib says. There are no pictures showing the construction of the pyramids, so there is no
way to tell what really happened. The evidence for using kites to move large stones is no better or
worse than the evidence for the brute force method', Gharib says.

Indeed, the experiments triage left many specialists unconvinced. The evidence for kite- lifting is non-
existent', says Wallace Wendrich, an associate professor of Egyptology at the University of California,
Los Angeles.

Others feel there is more of a case for the theory. Harnessing the wind would not have been a problem
for accomplished sailors like the Egyptians. And they are known to have used wooden pulleys, which
could have been made strong enough to bear the weight of massive blocks of stone. In addition, there
is some physical evidence that the ancient Egyptians were interested in flight. A wooden artifact found
on the step pyramid at Saqqara looks uncannily like a modern glider. Although it dates from several
hundred years after the building of the pyramids, its sophistication suggests that the Egyptians might
have been developing ideas of flight for a long time. And other ancient civilisations certainly knew
about kites; as early as 1250 BC, the Chinese were using them to deliver messages and dump flaming
debris on their foes.
The experiments might even have practical uses nowadays. There are plenty of places around the
globe where people have no access to heavy machinery, but do know how to deal with, wind, sailing
and basic mechanical principles. Gharib has already been contacted by a civil engineer in Nicaragua,
who wants to put up buildings with adobe roofs supported by concrete arches on a site that heavy
equipment can't reach. His idea is to build the arches horizontally, then lift them into place using kites.
'We've given him some design hints', says Gharib. 'We're just waiting for him to report back.' So
whether they were actually used to build the pyramids or not, it seems that kites may make sensible
construction tools in the 21st century AD.
Questions 1-7 Do the following statements with the information given in the Reading Passage
TRUE if the statement agrees with the information
FALSE if the statement contradicts the information
NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this
1. It is generally believed that large numbers of people were needed to build the pyramids.
2. Clemmons found a strange hieroglyph on the wall of an Egyptian monument.
3. Gharib had previously done experiments on bird flight.
4. Ghari band Graff tested their theory before applying it.
5. The success of the actual experiment was due to the high speed of the wind.
6. They found that, as the kite flew higher, the wind force got stronger.
7. The team decided that it was possible to use kites to raise very heavy stones.
Questions 8-13 Complete the summary below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer
ADDITION EVIDENCE FOR THEORY OF KITE LIFTING
The Egyptians had 8 ………………, which could lift large pieces of 9 ...................., and they knew
how to use the energy of the wind from their skill as 10 .................. . The discovery on one pyramid of
an object which resembled a 11 ................. suggests they may have experimented with 12 .............. . In
addition, over two thousand years ago kites used in China as weapons, as well as for
sending 13 ................. .

ĐÁP ÁN
Answer:
1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. NOT GIVEN
4. TRUE
5. FALSE
6. NOT GIVEN
7. TRUE
8. (wooden) pulleys
9. stone
10. (accomplished) sailors
11. (modern) glider
12. flight
13. Messages

EXERCISE 11. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate
the correct answer to each of the questions
What Is Heritage Protection?
Heritage is traditional beliefs, customs, and culture. We use the word “heritage” in many
different ways. People talk about their family’s heritage, their city’s heritage, and their
country’s heritage.
Here are some examples of heritage. During Chinese New Year, people in China give red
envelopes. That is part of Chinese heritage. Every year in the American city New Orleans, there is a
huge party called Mardi Gras. That is a part of New Orleans’ heritage. Heritage can also be more
private and personal. If your family has a big dinner every Sunday night, that’s part of your family’s
heritage.
 Today, heritage is changing. The Internet connects people around the world. In many ways, this
is a good thing, because we can learn about the heritage of other countries, and we can show our own
heritage to the world. However, some people worry that traditional heritage is disappearing. Think
about it. In many ways, countries are becoming more and more alike. In
just about every country around the world, you can find McDonald’s, Nike shoes, Starbucks
coffee, and American films. Some people think this is a good change, but others don’t like it.
You can decide whether or not you think it is a good thing. However, almost everyone wants to protect
their traditional heritage, and sometimes this is hard. For example, when a new McDonald’s opens in
your town, a traditional restaurant might have to close.
This is why heritage protection is so important. Heritage protection is a simple idea. It
means keeping your country’s or your city’s heritage alive. People do this in many ways. The
biggest part of heritage protection is probably preserving old buildings. A few other examples
of heritage protection are making sure your children speak your traditional language, and
teaching your heritage to children.
The world is changing very fast. This change brings a lot of good things. But as the world is
changing, it is important to remember the heritage of our parents and our grandparents.
1. What is the main point of heritage protection?
A. Showing your heritage to other people B. Using the Internet
C. Keeping your heritage alive D. Making heritage disappear
2. What is the biggest part of heritage protection?
A. Protecting old buildings B. Doing traditional dances
C. Giving red envelopes D. Telling stories
3. What is happening to most countries?
A. They are becoming the same. B. They are becoming more different,
C. They are getting smaller. D. They are destroying old buildings.
4. What is the main point of the last paragraph?
A. It is OK to forget traditional heritage.
B. The world is changing, but it is happening very slowly,
C. As the world changes, we have to remember our heritage.
D. People should talk to their parents and grandparents a lot.
5. Which of the following is NOT an example of heritage protection?
A. Making sure your children speak your traditional language
B. Protecting old buildings
C. Teaching your children about your heritage
D. Drinking Starbucks and wearing Nikes
6. The word “beliefs” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to________.
A. cuisines B. histories C. arts D. religions
7. The word “it” in paragraph 3 may refer to________.
A. traditional heritage B. watching American films
C. importing foreign heritage D. people’s opinion

EXERCISE 12. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the
correct answer to each of the questions.
Tourism and Heritage Protection
Travelling is a great thing to do. It helps us learn about different people and different
places.Some people travel because they want to see nature. Others travel because they want to make
friends and try great food. Of course, a lot of tourists are interested in traditional culture.
Tourism can be very good for traditional cultures. This is because when people travel to
another country, they often want to learn more about that country’s traditions, such as music,
food, and history. Therefore, the local people in that country will keep their traditional culture
alive. They will wear traditional clothing, and sell traditional food. They will also have shows
for tourists. These shows can be dances, concerts, plays, or something else.
Tourism also helps people respect each other. If you understand another culture well, you
will probably respect that culture much more. You will probably want to protect that culture as
well.
However, tourism is not always good for traditional culture. Many people say that tourism
creates “fake traditional culture”. This means that the local people wear traditional costumes,
and do traditional dances only for tourists, but that is not their real lifestyle. Their real lifestyles
are similar to the tourists’ lifestyle. They are just pretending because they want to make money.
Another problem is that tourists can interfere with the local people’s lives. For example,
sometimes tourists come to watch local people praying in temples. While the local people pray,
tourists take photographs and make noise. This often bothers the local people. Sometimes
tourists also damage local sites. If 500 people enter an ancient temple every day, they may
damage that temple.
No matter what, more and more tourists want to learn about traditional cultures. Most local
people want more tourism, because tourists bring money and help local businesses. Tourists
have to respect local culture and places. Local governments have to make laws that protect
places and lifestyles. If everyone is responsible, then tourism will be great for traditional
cultures.
1. What is the main point of the passage?
A. Tourism is always good for traditional culture.
B. Tourism is always bad for traditional culture.
C. Tourism can be good and bad for traditional culture.
D. Tourists don’t care about traditional culture.
2. Why do local people want tourism?
A. Tourists bring money.
B. Tourists help teach local people.
C. Tourists tell local people about business.
D. Tourists destroy traditional culture.
3. What is one problem that tourists create?
A. They hurt local people. B. They steal money from local people.
C. They hurt local businesses. D. They interfere with local lifestyles.
4. The word “they” in paragraph 2 refers to________.
A. tourists B. local people C. tourist guides D. dancers
5. What does the second sentence of the third paragraph mean?
A. If you don’t respect other people, then they won’t respect you.
B. If you understand another culture, then you will respect it more.
C. If you respect yourself, then other people will respect you, too.
D. Nobody respects traditional culture anymore.
6. The word “fake” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to________.
A. real B. not real C. very good D. very bad
7. All of the following can be inferred from the passage EXCEPT that________.
A. tourism can create jobs for local people
B. tourism can be used as a means to promote cultural exchanges
C. in some places local people perform some dances that do not belong to their everyday
activities
D. too many tourists at a historical site can make it collapse at once.