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Robotics Challenge 2024-2025

The document outlines a project for a line-following robot with obstacle avoidance, developed by the 'Tech Titans' team. It details the robot's components, including an Arduino UNO, IR sensors, ultrasonic sensors, and DC motors, along with their roles in the system. The objective is to demonstrate autonomous navigation principles and enhance knowledge in robotics and sensor integration.

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sandhyaranidasmohapatra
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23 views12 pages

Robotics Challenge 2024-2025

The document outlines a project for a line-following robot with obstacle avoidance, developed by the 'Tech Titans' team. It details the robot's components, including an Arduino UNO, IR sensors, ultrasonic sensors, and DC motors, along with their roles in the system. The objective is to demonstrate autonomous navigation principles and enhance knowledge in robotics and sensor integration.

Uploaded by

sandhyaranidasmohapatra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ROBOTICS CHALLENGE

2024-2025
LINE FOLLOWING
ROBOT WITH
OBSTACLE AVOIDING

“Tech Titans” Members -: Avantika Shankar , Anshika SIngh ,


Aaryan Das, Nityanand Kumar , Hridayesh Shankar Das
CONTENT
❖ Introduction
❖ Objective
❖ Block Diagram
❖ Requirement
❖ Workflow
❖ Application
❖ Reference
INTRODUCTION
❖ What is line following robot?
A line-following robot is an autonomous robotic system designed to navigate
by detecting and following a specific line, usually marked on the floor. By
leveraging sensors, motors, and intelligent programming, the robot can precisely
follow the designated path while avoiding obstacles along the way.

This project demonstrates the integration of electronic components and


algorithms to create a functional prototype that mimics real-world automation
processes. The robot uses IR sensors to detect the line, an ultrasonic sensor
for obstacle avoidance, and an Arduino UNO for processing inputs and
controlling the motors.
OBJECTIVE
❖ To showcase the principles of autonomous navigation.
❖ To develop a cost-effective robot with practical
applications in automation.
❖ To enhance knowledge in robotics, programming, and
sensor integration .
IR SENSOR
ULTRASONIC DC MOTOR DC MOTOR

ARDUINO UNO
SENSOR

MOTOR
MOTOR
SERVO WIFI DRIVER

IR SENSOR DC MOTOR DC MOTOR


REQUIREMENT
❖ Arduino uno WiFi
❖ L298N Motor Driver
❖ IR Sensor
❖ UltraSonic Sensor
❖ DC Motor
❖ Robot Chassis
❖ Servo Motor
❖ li-Ion Battery
❖ Workflow
❖ References
ARDUINO UNO WiFi
The Arduino UNO WiFi is the brain of this project. It is a
microcontroller board based on the ATmega4809 chip,
which provides advanced computational capabilities and
communication features. The WiFi feature enables the
robot to be remotely monitored or controlled via wireless
communication.
Key Features:
Memory: 48KB Flash, 6KB SRAM
I/O Pins: 14 Digital I/O, 6 Analog Inputs, 5 PWM pins
Security: Onboard ECC608 crypto chip for secure
communications

Role in the Project: The Arduino UNO WiFi serves as the


primary control unit, processing inputs from sensors and
sending outputs to motors. It also manages the logic for line
following and obstacle avoidance.
L298N MOTOR DRIVER
The L298N Motor Driver is a dual H-Bridge motor driver IC
used for controlling the direction and speed of DC motors. It is
essential for driving the robot's wheels and enables precise
movement.

Key Features:
Dual Motor Control: Capable of driving two DC motors
simultaneously.
Voltage Range: 5V - 35V
Current Handling: Up to 2A per motor

Role in the Project: The L298N motor driver controls the


speed and direction of the DC motors based on the
commands received from the Arduino. It allows the robot to
move forward, backward, and turn, as needed for following
the path.
IR SENSOR
Infrared (IR) Sensors are used to detect the line on
the ground. These sensors emit infrared light and
measure the reflected light from the surface. Based
on the contrast between the line and the floor (for
example : black line on a white surface)

Key Features:
Detection Range: Capable of detecting the black
line against a lighter surface.
Speed: Sensors can quickly provide feedback,
allowing the robot to make real-time adjustments.

Role in the Project: The IR sensors continuously


send information about the robot's position on the
path. The Arduino processes this data to control the
motors and keep the robot aligned with the line. If the
robot moves off the line, the sensors provide
feedback to correct its course.
ULTRASONIC SENSOR
The Ultrasonic Sensor is used for detecting
obstacles in front of the robot. It works by emitting an
ultrasonic sound wave and measuring the time it
takes for the sound to bounce back. By calculating
the distance based on the time of flight, the robot can
avoid obstacles in its path.

Key Features:
Range: 2 cm to 400 cm
Accuracy: ±3mm
Operating Voltage: 5V

Role in the Project: The ultrasonic sensor


continuously measures the distance between the
robot and any potential obstacles. If an obstacle is
detected within a predefined range, the robot can
change direction to avoid it.
DC MOTOR
DC Motors are used to drive the wheels of the robot,
converting electrical energy into mechanical
movement. These motors provide the necessary
torque and speed to propel the robot along its path.

Key Features:
Voltage Range: Typically 12V - 24V
RPM: 10,000 to 20,000
High Torque: Ensures the robot can move with
sufficient power.

Role in the Project: The DC motors are connected to


the wheels of the robot and are driven by the L298N
motor driver. The Arduino controls the motors,
adjusting their speed and direction to follow the path
and avoid obstacles.
ROBOT CHASSIS
The chassis is the physical frame that holds and organizes all
components of the robot, including the motors, sensors,
Arduino, and battery.

Key Features:
Materials: Made from aluminum for strength and heat
dissipation, or plastic for lightness and cost-effectiveness.
Both materials offer a balance of durability and lightweight
design.

Role in the Project: The chassis ensures the robot's


components are securely mounted and well-organized,
contributing to the robot's stability and smooth operation. It
supports the efficient integration of sensors, motors, and the
Arduino, making it essential for the overall performance of the
robot.

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