AThe aggregate passed through 63mm and retaincd on 6.

3mm and its above sieves is taken along

with sieves. Now we have specificd size range for every particle.
Now weigh aggregate retained on diflerent sieve and note down the total weight as "WI"
The aggregate particles from each ofthesize range is taken and passed through corresponding
gauge of length gauge or elongation gauge with its longest side.

2 Each gauge length is I.8 times the mean dimension of aggregate size range. If particle retained on
JOmm and passed through lómm size is taken. then it should pass through 23.4mm length gauge
which is I.8 times the mean of 1Omm and l6mm.
8 To keep accuracy and eliminate testing bias, the particle should be passed multiple times with
different facings.
9.The particles which are not passed or retained on the length gauge are weighed which is "W2".
10. Now calculate the elongation index which is the ratio of weight of particle retained on length
gauge to the total weight of the sample gaugcd and it is expressed in percentage.

Calculation
Elongation index of aggregate in % is calculated as follows:

E=00%
Where, W= weight of particles retaincd in length gauge (grams). W:=weight of total sample taken for
test (grams).

Elongation Index Limits

For pavements either bituminous or Non-bituminous, Elongation index of coarse aggregate should
whole
not be more than 15%. Report the Elongation index in percentage rounded of to the nearest
number.
 EXPERIMENT NO-05
DETERMINATION OF ELONGATION INDEX
OBJECT: Determination of elongation index

RELEVANCE AND IMPORTANCE:

Eor noad construction especially in surface course the clongated shape of aggregates is not desirable. It
is hecause they cause inherent weakness in road and there arises possibilities of breaking of these
aereeates due to heavy loads imposed by vehicular traffic or at the time of compaction. So, to avoid
values to
the above-mentioned situation, the particles have to be tested for their elongation indices
check their suitability for using in road constructions. This is the reason for the test being carried out.
APPARATUS:

I. Aggregate sample

2 Digital balance

Elongation gauge or length gauge

and 6.3mm.
4Test sieves of sizes - 63mm, 50mm, 40mm, 31.5mm, 25mm. 20mm, 16mm, 10mm

PROCEDURE:
steps.
The clongation index test procedure contains following
pieces of any fraction.
I1ake the aggregate sample which contains minimum 200
63mm to 6.3mm sieves.
.Sieve the sample through mentioned sicves i.e.. from
6.3mm should not be considered
31he aggregate retained on 63mm and passed through
 EXPERIMENT N0-04
DETERMINATION OF IMPACT VALUE OF COARSE AGGREGATE

n rCT: o determine the aggregate impact value coarse aggrcgate

PPARATUS REQUIRED:
g
1Ralance should be accurate upto 1
Seives required are 12.5, 10.0 and 2.36 mm
3. Impact Testing machine

PROCEDURE
mm IS Sieve and is
L. The test samplec shall consist of' aggregate the whole of which passes a 12.5
in an oven
retained on a l0 mm IS Sieve. The aggregate comprising the test sample shall be dried
for a period of four hours at a temperature of l00 to | 10°C and cooled.
with 25 strokes of
2 The measure shall be filled about one-third full with the aggregate and tamped
the rounded end of the tamping rod. Further similar quantity of aggregate shall be added and25a
tamped
further tamping of 25 strokes given. The measure shall finally be filled to overflowing,
The net weight
times and the surplus aggregate struck off, using the tamping rod as a straight edge.
of aggregate in the measure shall be determined to the ncarest gram (Weight A). or floor, so
3. The impact machine shall rest without wedging or packing upon the level plate, block
that it is rigid and the hammer guide columns are vertical.
the whole of the test
4. The cup shall be fixed firmly in position on the base of the machine and
tamping rod.
sample placed in it and compacted by a single tamping of 25 strokes of' the
Z. The hammer shall be raised until its lower face is 380 mm above the upper surface of the aggregate
shall be subjected to a
in the cup. and allowed to fall frecly on to the aggregate. The test sample
total of 1S such blows each bcing delivered al an interval of not less than one second.
the whole of it sieved on the 2.36
6. The crushed aggregate shall then be removed trom the cup and
passing the
mm IS Sieve until no further signilicant amount passes in one minute. The fraction
B).
Sieve shall be weighed to an accuracy of 0.I g (Weight. (Weight C) and, if' the total weight (C+B)
7. The fraction retained on the sieve shall also be weighed discarded and
weight ((Weight A) by more than onc gram, the result shall be
Is less than the initial
shall be made.
0. Impact testing machine fresh test made. Two tests
 EXPERIMENT N0-06
DETERMINATION OF FLAKINESS INDEX

OBJECT: To determine the Flakiness Index of the given sample of course aggregate

TEST-DESCRIPTION:
Flakiness Index of aggregate is the percentage by weight of aggregate particles whose least
dimension is less than 0.6 of' their mean dimensions. This test is applicable to aggregates having
size larger than 6.3mm.
To calculate the flakiness index of the given sample of aggregates, the weight of each fraction of
aggregates passing and retaining on the specified set of sieves is noted first. The pieces of
aggregates are made to pass through the slot of specified thickness of gauge and then they are
weighed. Then the lakiness index is calculated as the total weight of material passed through
various thickness gauges. expressed as a percentage of total weight of the sample gauged.
Flakiness Index =[W:/ Wi] l00
Where, VW:= Weight passed from 0.6x dmean Size
W-Total weight of aggregales
Flakiness Index of aggregates used in road construction should be less than I5% and normally
does not exceed 25%.

APPARATUS REQUIRED:

I.A weighing balance having an accuracy in measuring of 0.1% of the weight of

of
2. Metal Gauge: It consists of elongated slots of specified dimensions. The tolerance
dimensions shall be+0.2 mm for dimensions equal to or more than 50 mm and +0.l mm for
dimensions less than 50 mm.
3.Sieves: IS Sieves having sizes as 25 mm. 20 mm, I6 mm. 12.5 mm, 10 mm, 6.3 mm.

These Sues M.nd on

70

A Drenns n m mn Th nes eet

 CALCULATION
test shall he expressed as a
he ratio of the weight of fines formed to the total sample weight in each
decimal place:
percentage, the result being recorded to the first
(B/A)X I0o
Aggrcgate Impact \Value
=weight in g of fraction passing through
where A=weight ingof saturated surface -dry sample, B
2.36 mm IS Sieve
PROCEDURE:
1 Given sample of aggregates to be tested is sieved through a set of sieves and separated into specified
ranges of size

2. Minimum 200 pieces of any fraction are taken and weighed properly.
3, In order to separate the flaky materials, the aggregates which pass through appropriate elongated slot
of the thickness of gauge are found.
4. The width of appropriate slot would be 0.6 times the average of the range of sizes.
S, The flaky material passing the appropriate slot from cach size range of test aggregates are added and
then weighed.
6. This weight is then divided by the total weight of sample taken from different range of sizes and the
ratio is expressed in percentage which is the desired lakiness index.

Aggregates Aggregates Thickness of Weight of Weight of the

retained on gauge (0.6 times the fraction aggregate in
passing
the mean size of each fraction
through lIS IS Sieve (g)
Sieve (mm) (mm) the two sieve passing (g)
sizes) (mm)

25 13.5

20 16 I0.8

16 12.5 8.55
675

6.3 4.89
Total W

CALCULATION
Total weight of the fraction, W=
Total weight of passing fraction, w=
Therefore., Flakiness Index= [w/W] x 100%
PRECAUTIONS
1Safety shoes must be used along with masks and
2. Gauge should be cleaned thoroughly and aprons at the time of test.
dried before
3 Special care must be
taken that no outer air enters whentesting.
using the balance.
4. All parts of equipment should be kept
5.
clean.
After the end of test, sieve should be
cleaned by smooth brush.