CONJUNCTIONS

Definition:
Conjunctions are words that connect or join other words, phrases, or
sentences. They help us create more complex sentences and express
relationships between ideas.
Types of Conjunctions
1. Coordinating Conjunctions
These conjunctions join words, phrases, or independent clauses that
are similar or equal in structure. The most common coordinating
conjunctions can be remembered with the acronym FANBOYS:
For, And, Nor (ni), But, Or, Yet (mais), So (donc)
Examples:
o I want to go to the park, and I want to eat ice cream.
o She doesn’t like apples, but she likes bananas.
o Mathematics is not difficult, but I have to learn.
o I want to go to school and pray.
o Today, I did not do my exercise, nor did I cook food
o I did my exercise, for my English teacher asked me.
o Would you like to eat bananas or fufu?
o He studied hard for the exam, yet he did not pass.
o I am at the bus stop, but there is no bus.
o It was raining, so we stayed indoors.
o I wanted to buy a car, so I went to a car lot.
o I was tired so I felt asleep as soon as I got home
 2. Subordinating Conjunctions
These conjunctions join an independent clause and a dependent
clause. They show a relationship between the two clauses.
Common subordinating conjunctions include:
o because
o although
o if
o when
o while
Examples:
o I will stay home if it rains.
o Although he was tired, he finished his homework.
o I will buy a new phone if I have money.
o She stayed at home because she was feeling sick.
o I don’t eat apples because I don’t like it.
o She came when I went out.
o I will travel when I am free.
o She listened to music while she studied for her exams.
o While I cook I listen to gospel music.
3. Correlative Conjunctions
These are paired conjunctions that work together to join equal
elements in a sentence. Common pairs include:
o either...or
o neither...nor
 o both...and
o not only...but also
Examples:
o Either you come with us, or you stay home.
o She is not only smart, but also very kind.
Punctuation with Conjunctions
 Coordinating Conjunctions:
When two independent clauses are joined by a coordinating
conjunction, a comma is usually placed before the conjunction.
o Example: I wanted to go for a walk, but it started to rain.
 Subordinating Conjunctions:
If the sentence starts with a subordinating conjunction, place a
comma after the dependent clause.
o Example: Although it was cold, we went outside.
If the subordinating clause is at the end of the sentence, no comma is
needed.
o Example: We went outside although it was cold.
Practice
Try to make your own sentences using the different types of
conjunctions!
1. Write a sentence using a coordinating conjunction.
I will go home, and I do will my homework.
I will teach my student today, but I am tired.
2. Write a sentence using a subordinating conjunction.
I did not work today, because I was sick.
 I cannot work today because I am sick.
3. Write a sentence using correlative conjunctions.
She is not only talented but also hardworking.
Either you study mathematics now or you do your English
exercise.
EX
Here are some simple sentences using coordinating conjunctions for
along with explanations:
Sentences Using Coordinating Conjunctions (FANBOYS)
1. For:
o Sentence: I am tired, for I didn't sleep well.
o Explanation: This shows the reason why the speaker is tired.
2. And:
o Sentence: I like to swim, and I love to read.
o Explanation: This connects two things the speaker enjoys.
3. Nor:
o Sentence: I do not like tea, nor do I like coffee.
o Explanation: This is used to connect two negative ideas.
4. But:
o Sentence: She is young, but she is very smart.
o Explanation: This shows a contrast between her age and
intelligence.
5. Or:
o Sentence: Would you like pizza, or would you prefer pasta?
 o Explanation: This presents a choice between two options.
6. Yet:
o Sentence: He is very busy, yet he always helps me.
o Explanation: This shows a surprising contrast between his
busyness and willingness to help.
7. So:
o Sentence: It was raining, so we stayed inside.
o Explanation: This shows a result or consequence of the rain.
Here are some simple sentences using subordinating conjunctions
Sentences Using Subordinating Conjunctions
1. Because:
o Sentence: I went to bed early because I was tired.
o Explanation: This shows the reason why the speaker went to
bed early.
2. Although:
o Sentence: Although it was cold, we played outside.
o Explanation: This shows that even though it was cold, the
action (playing outside) still happened.
3. If:
o Sentence: I will go to the party if I finish my homework.
o Explanation: This shows a condition for going to the party.
4. When:
o Sentence: I eat breakfast when I wake up.
o Explanation: This indicates the time when breakfast is eaten.
 5. While:
o Sentence: I listen to music while I study.
1. Either...or:
o Sentence: You can either have a sandwich or a salad for
lunch.
o Explanation: This presents a choice between two options.
2. Neither...nor:
o Sentence: I want neither tea nor coffee.
o Explanation: This expresses that the speaker does not want
either option.
3. Both...and:
o Sentence: Both my sister and my brother like to play soccer.
o Explanation: This indicates that two people enjoy the same
activity.
4. Not only...but also:
o Sentence: She is not only a great singer but also an
excellent dancer.
o Explanation: This shows that she has two impressive talents.
5. Whether...or:
o Sentence: I don’t know whether to go to the movies or stay
home.
o Explanation: This presents uncertainty about which option
to choose.
Practice Exercises
 1. Write a sentence using "either...or."
Either you learn English or Physics.
2. Write a sentence using "both...and."
Both the manager and the assistant were present at the meeting.
She enjoys playing the piano both in the morning and in the
evening.
3. Write a sentence using "not only...but also."
The movie was not only entertaining, but also thought-provoking.
The university has not only a good lab but also very good
equipment.
Feel free to share your sentences, and I can help check them for you!

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