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Science Reviewer

The document outlines the nature of science, emphasizing its reliance on evidence, the scientific method, and the importance of inquiry skills in elementary science education. It discusses current developments in primary science, including critical thinking, understanding the world, and fostering curiosity and innovation. Additionally, it highlights constructivism as a dominant teaching approach, focusing on student-centered learning and the benefits of active participation in the learning process.

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Pauljohn Ludovice
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8 views5 pages

Science Reviewer

The document outlines the nature of science, emphasizing its reliance on evidence, the scientific method, and the importance of inquiry skills in elementary science education. It discusses current developments in primary science, including critical thinking, understanding the world, and fostering curiosity and innovation. Additionally, it highlights constructivism as a dominant teaching approach, focusing on student-centered learning and the benefits of active participation in the learning process.

Uploaded by

Pauljohn Ludovice
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THE NATURE OF SCIENCE

Science has a particular way of understanding the world, trying to connect the past
and present.

3 BASIC QUESTIONS:

1. What is this?
2. Hoes does it work?
3. How did it become like this?

SCIENTIFIC WAYS
1. Science relies on evidence from the natural world.

2. Follow the scientific process guided by some parameters

3. Science is embedded within the times

SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES

1.Science assumes that we can learn about the world by gathering evidences using
our senses.

2.Sciences uses and tests evidences from the natural world .

3.Science is a process of continuously learning about the world around us.

4. Science claims are tested and accepted based on observations and rejected if
these fail the test.

STEPS IN THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD

1.Make an observation
2.Ask a question

3.Do some background research

4.Make a hypothesis

5.Make a prediction

6.Do an experiment

7.Analyze your data

8.Draw your conclusion

9.Tell people about what have you found out


GOALS OF ELEMENTARY SCIENCE EDUCATION

>It emphasizes the need to develop scientific, technological, and environmental


literacy among the students.

SCIENTIFIC CONTENT includes topics about the human body, care and
nourishment, plants, animals, etc.

INQUIRY SKILLS include the science process skills of observing, communicating,


measuring, etc.

SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES include curiosity, imagination, the love of asking questions.

CURRENT DEVELOPMENT IN PRIMARY SCIENCE

•CRITICAL THINKING promotes the development of critical thinking and problem


solving skills, which are essential in all aspects of life.

•UNDERSTANDING THE WORLD helps students understand the natural world


from basic principles of life and matter to complex systems and phenomena.

•FUTURE CAREERS Science is foundational for careers in STEM which are in high
demand and other significant contributions to society.

•CURIOSITY AND INNOVATIONScience fosters curiosity, encourages


experimentation and inspires innovation-qualities crucial for progress.

WHAT’S NEW IN SCIENCE EDUCATION?

>to meet the demands of the modern world.

3 ASPECTS
•Technology Integration

• Curriculum Revisions
• Innovative Teaching Methods

6 BASIC PROCESSES OF SCIENCE

•Primary goal of science education is to teach students how to think critically and
analytically.

1. OBSERVING involves using senses to gather information about an object or


event.
2. INFERRING is the process of making educated guess or interpretations based on
observations and existing data.

3. MEASURING involves using tools or standard units to determine the size, length,
amount, or degree of something.

4. COMMUNICATING involves sharing information though words, symbols, or


graphics.

5. CLASSIFYING is the process of grouping objects or events based on shared


characteristics or criteria.
6. PREDICTING involves forecasting future outcomes based on patterns or data.
INTEGRATED PROCESS OF SCIENCE

1.CONTROLING VARIABLES crucial in scientific experiments to ensure that the


results are valid and reliable

2.DEFININING OPERATIONALLY clearly stating how a variables will be measured


or defined in the context of experiment.

3.FORMULATING HYPOTHESIS involves making an educated guess or prediction


about the expected outcome of an experiment based on prior knowledge or theory.

4.INTERPRETING DATA process of organizing the data collected during an


experiment.

5.EXPERIMENTING comprehensive skill that encompasses the entire process of


conducting a scientific investigation

6.FORMULATING MODELS involves creating a mental or physical representation of


a process or event.

CONSTRUCTVISM

Effective Teaching Through Student Centered Education

CONSTRUCTVISM is a learning theory based on the principle that “learners


construct rather than record knowledge “.

CONSTRUCTIVIST PERSPECTIVES is the way in which individuals construct


knowledge.

2 CONSTRUCTIVIST PERSPECTIVES

1.Cognitive Constructivism focuses on an individual’s internal construction of


knowledge.

- Influenced by the work of Piaget.


2.Social Constructivism focuses on social interaction and the construction of
knowledge within a social context.

-Influenced by the work of Vygotsky

CONSTRUCTIVIST APPROACH is currently dominant approach to learning in


Australia and presents teachers with a range of well described strategies and
approaches upon which to draw

CONSTRUCTIVIST TEACHERS

> Incorporate social interaction and authentic real world tasks


>Acknowledge that learning is not a passive process of simply receiving information
rather it involves deliberate process.

TRADITIONAL TEACHING is a more teacher-centered approach where the teacher


gives the information, and students are expected to listen, memorize, and follow
instructions.

CONSTRUCTIVIST TEACHING is a teaching approach where students are active


participants in learning.

4 CHARACTERISTICS THAT INFLUENCE STUDENT LEARNING

1.Learners construct knowledge that makes sense to them

2.New learning depends on current understanding

3.Social interaction facilitates learning

4.The most meaningful learning occurs within the real world tasks.

BENEFITS OF CONSTRUCTIVISM
>Understanding increases when students are actively involved in learning.

>Higher order thinking skills and increased problem solving skills are required
through problem based learning.

>Metacognition increases as students became adept at reflective practice.

>Social and communication skills increased through group collaboration.

5 E’S SCIENCE LESSON

ENGAGE activity which will focus students attention, stimulate their thinking, and
access prior knowledge.
EXPLORE activity which gives the students time to think and investigate/test/make
decisions/problem solve, and collect information.

EXPLAIN activity which allows students to analyze their explanations.

ELABORATE activity which one expands and solidifies student thinking.

EVALUATE activity which allows the teacher to assess student performances.

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